人教九年级上册英语课文-逐句翻译版

人教九年级上册英语课文-逐句对照Unit1TheChangingWorld3aReporter:Howhaslifechangedinyourhometownoverthelast20years?记者：过去20年里，你们家乡的生活发生了怎样的变化？MrYan:Oh,ithaschangedquitealot!Manyyoungpeopleusedtoworkinbigcities.Now,moreofthemhavecomebacktoliveandworkhere.严先生：变化可大了！以前很多年轻人都去大城市打工，现在越来越多人回来生活、工作了。Reporter:Great!Havetherebeenanyotherchanges?记者：太棒了！还有其他变化吗？MsWu:Yes,we'vechangedthewaywefarm.Iusedtogrowafewvegetablesonasmallfarmtosellatthelocalmarket.Now,Ihavelarge,high-techgreenhouses.There,Igrowtonsoffruitandvegetables,andselltheminlargecities.吴女士：有，我们的耕作方式变了。我以前在小农场种少量蔬菜，拿到当地集市卖。现在我有大型高科技温室，在里面种大量水果和蔬菜，卖到大城市去。Reporter:Wow,thenewhighwayandrailwaymusthavehelpedalot!记者：哇，新建的公路和铁路肯定帮了大忙！MrYan:Oh,theyhave!Ourvillagehasbecomeatouristattraction.Wecannowselllocalproductstotourists.WealsosellproductsonlinetopeoplealloverChina.严先生：没错！我们村成了旅游景点，现在能把土特产卖给游客，还能通过网络把产品卖到全国各地。Reporter:Havethesechangesgreatlyimprovedyourlives?记者：这些变化极大地改善了你们的生活吗？MsWu:Yes!Wenowhavenewhouses.Andourvillagehasjustbuiltanewhospitalandalibrary.吴女士：是的！我们住上了新房子，村里还新建了医院和图书馆。Reporter:Wonderful!Togetheryouarebuildinganewsocialistvillage.记者：太好了！你们正在共同建设社会主义新农村。1bOntheFastTrackIn2017,thenew480-kilometreMombasa-Nairobirailwaywasopened.2017年，新建的480公里蒙内铁路正式通车。Beforethen,theonlytransportlinksbetweenMombasa,Kenya'smainport,andNairobi,Kenya'scapital,wereroughroadsandanoldrailwaylinebuiltin1901.在此之前，连接肯尼亚主要港口蒙巴萨和首都内罗毕的交通方式只有崎岖的公路和1901年修建的老旧铁路。Theoldtrainswereveryslow.Ittook10hourstogettoNairobifromMombasabytrain.旧火车速度很慢，从蒙巴萨坐火车到内罗毕要10个小时。However,thenewrailway,builtwithChina'shelp,hasalreadycutthetraveltimebetweenMombasaandNairobitoaboutfourhoursforpassengers.然而，在中国帮助下修建的新铁路，将蒙巴萨与内罗毕之间的客运时间缩短至4小时。Now,morethantwomillionpeopleuseiteveryyear.如今每年有超过200万人乘坐这条铁路。LocalKenyanshavebenefitedalotfromthenewrailway.肯尼亚当地民众从新铁路中获益良多。Agovernmentworkersaid,"I'mveryhappywiththenewrailwaybuiltbyourChinesefriends.Manychangeshavetakenplaceinthetownoverthelastfewyears,andthepeoplewholiveherehavebecomerich."一位政府工作人员说：“我非常满意中国朋友修建的这条新铁路。过去几年小镇发生了很多变化，这里的人们富裕起来了。”Abusinessmansaid,"Myexperienceofusingthetrainsince2017hasbeengood.Itisveryconvenientanddoesn'tcostmuchmoney.Iamabletogettoplacesontimeandmakebusinessdealswithease."一位商人说：“2017年以来我坐火车的体验一直很好，方便又便宜，我能准时到达各地，轻松谈成生意。”Therailwayhasalsomadethetransportoffoodeasier.这条铁路也让粮食运输更便捷。"Foodusedtotakehundredsoflorriestocarrybetweenthetwocities,butnowittakesonlytwoorthreetrains"saidasupermarketmanager.一位超市经理说：“过去往返两座城市运输粮食需要几百辆卡车，现在只需要两三列火车。”Asaresult,peoplenowhavemorefreshfoodtoeat.因此，人们现在能吃到更多新鲜食物。AlthoughChinaandKenyaarefarawayfromeachother,therailwayshowshowdifferentcountriescanworktogethertobuildabetterworld.虽然中国和肯尼亚相距遥远，但这条铁路展现了不同国家如何携手合作，共建更美好的世界。3aChangesinMyLifeNowthatIamolder,mylifeisdifferentfromwhenIwasinprimaryschool.现在我长大了，生活和小学时不一样了。Forexample,myprimaryschoolwasnearmyhome,soIusedtowalktoschoolwithmyparents.比如，我小学离家很近，以前常和父母步行上学。Nowmyjuniorhighschoolisfartherfromhome.Itakeabuseverydaywithmyfriends.现在初中离家更远，我每天和朋友坐公交车上学。Myhomehaschangedtoo.Myfamilyusedtoliveinasmallflat,butnowwehavemovedtoamuchlargerone.我的家也变了。我们家以前住小公寓，现在搬到了大得多的房子里。Mygrandmaliveswithusnowaswell.ShehasherownroomandherownTVset.奶奶也和我们一起住，她有自己的房间和电视机。IamgladthatIgettoseehereveryday.我很高兴每天都能见到她。ThewayIstudyisalsodifferent.Ihavebecomemoreconfidentinmystudiesandoftenattendgroupdiscussions.我的学习方式也不一样了。我在学习上更自信了，经常参加小组讨论。Ienjoystudyingwithmyfriends.It'samazinghowmuchwehaveachievedtogether.我喜欢和朋友们一起学习，我们一起取得的进步真让人惊喜。Mylifehaschangedinmanyways,butonethingstaysthesame:thefeelingofloveandhappinesssharedbymyfamily.我的生活在很多方面都变了，但有一样始终没变：家人之间的爱与幸福。

Unit2InspiringPeople3aAdam:Hi,everyone.Whoisthepersonyouadmirethemost?亚当：大家好，你们最敬佩的人是谁？Yaming:MyfavouritepersonisI.M.Pei.亚明：我最敬佩的人是贝聿铭。Adam:DidhedesigntheglasspyramidattheLouvreMuseum?亚当：卢浮宫的玻璃金字塔是他设计的吗？Yaming:Yes.Itwasverycreativeofhimtodesignit.TheSuzhouMuseumisalsooneofhisamazingdesigns.HecreatedabeautifulbalancebetweentheEastandtheWest.亚明：是的，他的设计极具创意。苏州博物馆也是他的经典作品之一。他在东西方之间营造了美妙的平衡。Adam:Wow,youreallyknowalotabouthim!亚当：哇，你对他了解真多！Yaming:Ireadbooksandreportsabouthim.Iwanttobeacreativepersonlikehim.亚明：我读了关于他的书籍和报道。我想成为像他一样有创造力的人。Adam:Whataboutyou,ChenJie?Whoinspiresyou?亚当：陈洁，你呢？谁激励着你？ChenJie:WangYaping,ofcourse,China'sfirstwomantowalkinspace.Sheisfullofcourageandwisdom.Shewasalsothefirstwomantoteachaliveclassfromspace.Whataboutyou,Adam?Whodoyoulookupto?陈洁：当然是王亚平，中国首位太空行走的女航天员。她充满勇气与智慧，还是第一位在太空授课的女教师。亚当，你呢？你敬佩谁？Adam:Me?Mybiggestinspirationisnotafamousperson.It'smyfather.It'sreallyveryniceofhimtosupportandencouragemyexchangestudyhere.亚当：我？我最敬佩的不是名人，是我爸爸。他非常支持和鼓励我来这里做交换生，人特别好。1bTheInspiringSeedScientistOn25September2017,thescientificworldwasshakenbythenewsthatChineseprofessorZhongYanghaddiedinacaraccident.2017年9月25日，中国教授钟扬因车祸离世的消息震惊了科学界。Thewell-respectedbiologisthadspenthiswholeliferesearchingplantsandseeds.这位备受尊敬的生物学家毕生致力于植物与种子研究。Overtheyears,hecollectedmanyimportantseedsforChina'sseedbanks.多年来，他为中国的种子库收集了大量重要种子。Thesespecialbanksprotectallkindsofplantseeds,includingtheonesweneedforfood,andtheymakesurethatimportantplantsdonotdisappearfromtheworldforever.这些种子库保护各类植物种子，包括粮食作物种子，确保重要植物不会从地球上永久消失。ZhongYangwasbornin1964.Whenhewasyoung,heshowedadeeploveandcuriosityforthethingshestudied.钟扬生于1964年，年少时就对所学事物怀有深厚热爱与好奇心。Hewasanexcellentstudent,enteringuniversityattheearlyageof15.他成绩优异，15岁就考入大学。There,hestudiedradioengineeringandlaterbecameinterestedinplants.大学期间学习无线电工程，后来对植物产生兴趣。Theresearchandstudyofplants,especiallytheseeds,becamethefocusofhislifeafterhebecameaprofessoratFudanUniversity.成为复旦大学教授后，植物尤其是种子的研究成为他一生的重心。Itisimportantforseedbankstoincludemanydifferentkindsofseeds.种子库需要收录多种多样的种子，这一点至关重要。WhenZhongYangdiscoveredthattherewasnotenoughresearchoftheseedsfromXizang,hewenttheretocollectseedshimself.钟扬发现西藏地区的种子研究不足时，亲自前往西藏收集种子。In2001,hebeganhistravelsacrossXizang.2001年，他开始走遍西藏。Itwasverydifficultforhimtobravethecoldweatherandgreatheights.克服严寒与高海拔的困难对他来说异常艰辛。Hesometimesfellsick,buthealwayscontinuedwithhiswork.他有时会生病，但始终坚持工作。ZhongYangknewitwasbettertoincludemorepeoplewhendoingimportantwork.钟扬明白，重要的工作需要更多人参与。Hebeganaprogrammetofindandtrainlocalstudentsinfieldresearchtobecomescientists.他发起项目，发掘并培养当地学生从事野外研究，成为科研工作者。Together,heandhisteamcollectedmorethan40millionseedsfromaround1,000plants.他和团队一共收集了约1000种植物的4000多万粒种子。TheirhardworkprovidedtheworldwithlotsofnewinformationabouttheplantsinChina.他们的努力为世界提供了大量关于中国植物的全新资料。ZhongYangleftbehindmorethanjustahugecollectionofseeds.Hisloveforhisjobandresearchlivesoninhisstudents.钟扬留下的不只是海量种子收藏，他对工作与研究的热爱在学生身上延续。Heoncesaid,"Mystudentswillcontinueontheroadofscientificexplorationandtheseedswehavecollectedmaygrowhundredsofyearsfromnow."他曾说：“我的学生将继续走在科学探索的道路上，我们收集的种子或许在数百年后会生根发芽。”3aTome,oneofthemostinspiringpeopleinChinesehistoryisMozi(about468-376BCE).对我而言，中国历史上最鼓舞人心的人物之一是墨子（约公元前468-前376年）。ItissaidthatMoziwasasoldier,goodatwoodwork,andwastheinventorofthekite.据说墨子曾是武士，擅长木工，还是风筝的发明者。Butinfact,aboveall,hewasagreatthinker.但事实上，他首先是一位伟大的思想家。MozilivedduringtheWarringStatesPeriod.Backthen,manykingdomswerefightingagainsteachother.墨子生活在战国时期，当时各国战乱不休。Inthesewars,thecommonpeoplewerealwayshurt.百姓总是深受其害。ToMozi,thishadtostop,sohespenthislifetryingtobringpeace.在墨子看来，这一切必须停止，因此他毕生致力于追求和平。HisideaoflovewasonereasonthatMoziwantedpeace.兼爱的思想是墨子倡导和平的原因之一。Itwasimportanttohimthateveryoneshouldshowthesamekindnessandcaretoeveryoneelse,whethertheywerefamily,friends,orstrangers.他认为，每个人都应平等地关爱他人，无论对方是家人、朋友还是陌生人，这一点至关重要。Healsobelievedstatesshouldavoidattackingoneanother.他还主张各国不应互相攻伐。ThoughMozilivedmorethan2,000yearsago,hisideasliveon.尽管墨子生活在两千多年前，但他的思想流传至今。Ithinkheisstillagreatinspirationtomanypeople.我认为他依然激励着许多人。Now,morethanever,peoplearoundtheworldneedtohearthemessageofpeaceandlove,andworktogethertobuildacommunityofasharedfutureformankind.如今，全世界人民比以往任何时候都更需要聆听和平与兼爱的理念，携手共建人类命运共同体。

Unit3SmartLearning3aElla:Hi,thisisElla'spodcast.Today'sguestisBinbin.He'sgoingtogiveussomeideasforlearningEnglish.埃拉：大家好，这里是埃拉的播客。今天的嘉宾是彬彬，他将为我们分享学习英语的方法。Binbin:Hi,Ella.Thanksforhavingme!ForlearningEnglish,Ithinkfirstyouneedtobecomeanactivelearner.彬彬：埃拉你好，谢谢邀请！我认为学英语首先要做主动学习者。Ella:Whatdoyoumeanbythat?埃拉：你是什么意思？Binbin:Well,becauseIwanttospeakEnglishwell,IpractiseEnglishallthetime.彬彬：因为我想说好英语，所以我一直练习英语。Ella:Oh,youmustspendalotoftimestudying!埃拉：哦，你肯定花了很多时间学习！Binbin:Well,itdoesn'tmeanyouhavetostudyallthetime.Youneedtospendtimeusingthelanguage.Forexample,IspeakEnglishwithfriends.IrepeatthedialoguesfromthefilmsIlike.IreadEnglishbooks,andsometimesIwritemydiaryinEnglish.彬彬：这并不意味着要一直埋头学，而是要花时间运用这门语言。比如，我和朋友用英语交流，模仿喜欢的电影里的对话，读英语书，有时还用英语写日记。Ella:Wow!Iguessyoureallyenjoylearning.埃拉：哇！我猜你真的很享受学习。Binbin:Yes,it'strue!Butyousee,Istartedoutatzeroandcameacrossproblems.Imeanyoujusthavetotakethingsstepbystep.Startsimpleandbuildup.彬彬：没错！但你知道，我也是从零开始，也遇到过困难。我的意思是，要一步一步来，从简单的开始，循序渐进。Ella:That'ssotrue.埃拉：太对了。1bHowtoBecomeaSuccessfulLearnerEveryonehastheabilitytolearn.每个人都有学习的能力。Expertsonthescienceoflearningwilltellyouthatanyonecanbecomeasuccessfullearner.学习科学专家会告诉你，任何人都能成为成功的学习者。However,manystudentsdonotrealizethis,andtheyhavetroublelearning.然而很多学生没有意识到这一点，在学习中遇到困难。Studiesshowthatthefirstkeytobecomingasuccessfullearneristohaveagrowthmindset.研究表明，成为成功学习者的首要关键是拥有成长型心态。Thismeans,inpart,believinginyourself.这在一定程度上意味着相信自己。Italsomeanssettinggoals,takingaction,andmeetingchallenges.也意味着设定目标、付诸行动、迎接挑战。Peoplewithagrowthmindsetseemistakesaschancesforlearning,astheyteachushowtoimprove.拥有成长型心态的人把错误当作学习的机会，因为错误能教会我们如何进步。Researchalsoshowsthatpracticeisimportantforlearning.研究还表明，练习对学习很重要。Themorewepractise,thebetterwelearn.练习得越多，学得越好。Welearnbestbypractisingnewanddifficultthings.练习新的、有难度的内容效果最佳。Sometimesitisalsoimportanttogetguidancefromateacheroracoach.有时接受老师或教练的指导也很重要。Theycanshowustherightwaytopractiseandgiveusimportantfeedbackandadvice.他们能教给我们正确的练习方法，给出重要的反馈和建议。Inaddition,studiesshowthatstudentslearnmorewhentheyhangoutwithotherstudentswhoareseriousaboutstudy.此外，研究显示，和认真学习的同学在一起，学生能学到更多。First,bybeingtogether,studentscaneasilylearnfromeachother.首先，在一起时同学们很容易互相学习。Second,studentsarechallengedtodobetterbyeachother.其次，同学们会互相激励，追求更好。Thishasbeenproventoencouragelearnergrowth.这已被证实能促进学习者成长。Successfullearnersalsousethebestlearningmaterialstheycanfind.成功的学习者还会善用能找到的最佳学习资料。Inthe21stcentury,thismeansusingnewtechnologyandresources,notjusttextbooks.在21世纪，这意味着使用新技术和新资源，而不只是课本。Sincetherearesomanylearningmaterialsontheinternet,itisimportanttothinkcarefullyandchoosewiselywhatandhowyoustudy.网上的学习资料繁多，因此要认真思考，明智选择学习内容和方式。Takeadvantageofthebesttoolsandresourcestolearnwiselyandefficiently.利用最好的工具和资源，智慧高效地学习。Finally,successfullearnersseelearningaspartofdailylife.最后，成功的学习者把学习当作日常生活的一部分。Itissomethingtheywilldoevenaftertheyleaveschool,evenwhentheyareold.即使毕业、变老也会坚持学习。Asyoucontinueonyourlearningjourney,youshouldtrytowalkatyourownspeedandenjoythetrip.在学习的旅程中，你应该按照自己的节奏前行，享受过程。Neverloseheart.不要灰心。Theroadaheadofyoumaybelongandmayhavemanymountainsandvalleys,butitalsohasgreattreasure.前方的路或许漫长，布满坎坷，但也藏着巨大的宝藏。Youwillfindmorejoyinlivingalifewithlearning!在充满学习的生活中，你会收获更多快乐！3aMyloveofbookscomesfrommymother.我对书籍的热爱源于妈妈。Booksareherclassroomandteacher,andthroughbooksshehasbecomethewiseandsmartpersonIknow.书是她的课堂和老师，通过读书，她成为了我所认识的聪慧睿智的人。Becauseofmymother'sloveofreading,ourhomeisfullofbooksondifferentsubjects.因为妈妈热爱阅读，我们家摆满了各类书籍。WhenIwasachild,mymothersatmeonherknee,toldmestories,andtaughtmehowtoread.小时候，妈妈让我坐在她膝上，给我讲故事，教我认字读书。Soon,Iwasreadingbymyself,andIfoundchildren'sbooksnolongerkeptmeinterested.很快我就能自己阅读了，儿童读物已经无法吸引我。SoIstartedreadingmybooksandmagazines-especiallypopularsciencebooksandbooksaboutthelivesoffamouspeople.于是我开始读大人的书和杂志，尤其是科普书和名人传记。Afterdinner,Iwouldjustpickoutabookfromtheshelftoreadinmyroom.晚饭后，我总会从书架上选一本书，在房间里阅读。Readingopenedupnewworldsandallowedmetodiscovernewthingsformyself.阅读为我打开了新世界的大门，让我亲自探索新事物。Ithinkthatreadingisgreatfun.我觉得阅读充满乐趣。NowthatIamolder,Icanalwaysfindtimetoreadintheschoollibrary.现在我长大了，总能在学校图书馆挤出时间阅读。Ibelievethatreadinghashelpedmealotwithmyschoolworkandmadememoreconfidentaboutmyfuture.我相信阅读对我的学业帮助很大，也让我对未来更有信心。ChenLei,age1515岁陈雷

Unit4OurMemory3aChenJie:Whydoyoulookworried,Rick?陈洁：里克，你怎么看起来忧心忡忡？Rick:YesterdayIvisitedmygrandma,butshekeptcallingmeJohnny.里克：昨天我去看奶奶，她一直叫我约翰尼。ChenJie:Who'sJohnny?陈洁：约翰尼是谁？Rick:Mydad!里克：我爸爸！ChenJie:Oh,dear!陈洁：天哪！Rick:Andthenshetoldmenottoeatthecookiesbecauseshewassavingthemforhergrandson.里克：然后她还不让我吃饼干，说要留给她的孙子。ChenJie:Who'sthat?陈洁：她的孙子是谁？Rick:Me!里克：就是我啊！ChenJie:Well,that'snotagoodsign.陈洁：这可不是好迹象。Rick:No.Myparentsaretakinghertohospitaltomorrow.里克：是啊，我爸妈明天带她去医院。ChenJie:Good.Followwhatthedoctorsays.Shemayneedspecialcare.陈洁：那就好，听医生的话，她可能需要特殊照料。Rick:Yeah.Ijustfeelsosad.Idon'tunderstandwhatshe'sgoingthrough.里克：嗯，我就是很难过，不明白她经历着什么。ChenJie:Well,youknowhowsomepeople'smemorygetsworseastheygetolder.Ithappenedtomygrandpatoo.陈洁：你知道的，有些人年纪大了记忆力会变差。我爷爷也这样。Rick:Oh,no.Whathappened?里克：不会吧，发生什么了？ChenJie:Weusedtoflykitesinthepark.Butnowheforgetshowtoreachthepark.So,Iwalkhimthereeveryweekend.陈洁：我们以前常去公园放风筝，可现在他忘了去公园的路。所以我每个周末都陪他走过去。Rick:That'ssweet!里克：你真好！ChenJie:Thanks.Insteadofwhatheforgets,Ikeepinmindwhatheremembers.Inyourcase,yourgrandmastillremembersthatyoulovecookies!陈洁：谢谢。我不去想他忘记了什么，而是记住他还记得的事。你奶奶还记得你爱吃饼干呢！Rick:You'reright!Thanks,ChenJie!里克：你说得对！谢谢你，陈洁！1bHowtoBoostYourMemoryWouldyouliketoimproveyourmemory?你想提高记忆力吗？Tostartwith,itisimportanttounderstandhowmemoryworks.首先，了解记忆的运作原理很重要。Therearetwomainkindsofmemory:short-termmemoryandlong-termmemory.记忆主要分为两种：短时记忆和长时记忆。Short-termmemoryhelpsyourememberthingsthatyoumayonlyneedforashorttime,likephonenumberswhenyouneedtomakeaphonecall.短时记忆帮你记住短期内需要的信息，比如打电话时的号码。Long-termmemoryistheabilitytorememberthingsfordays,years,orevenalifetime.长时记忆是能记住几天、几年甚至一辈子的能力。Sotherealquestionis:Howdoyoumakesurewhatyoulearnentersyourlong-termmemory?所以真正的问题是：如何让所学内容进入长时记忆？Byusingsomeclevermemorytechniquesandleadingahealthylife,youwillseesomegreatresults.运用巧妙的记忆方法，保持健康生活，就能收获显著效果。Let'stakealook.一起来看看。First,payattention.第一，集中注意力。However,youmightfailtorememberallthedetails.但你可能记不住所有细节。So,trytakingnotesandwritingdownkeypoints.所以试着记笔记，写下要点。Afterall,itiseasiertorememberasummarythaneverywordinapassage.毕竟，记住概要比逐字背诵文章更容易。Second,useitorloseit.第二，用则进，废则退。Themoreyoureviewwhatyoulearn,themorelikelyyouwillrememberit.复习得越多，记得越牢。However,youshouldnotwearoutyourbrain.但不要过度用脑。Trystudyingfor40minutes,andthentakeabreak.学习40分钟就休息一下。Youcanalsoreviewinformationbydiscussingitwithothersorbyteachingothers.你也可以和他人讨论、给他人讲解来复习知识。Athirdwayistomakeuseofsenses.善用感官。Createimagesbyusingtables,graphs,andmindmapstoorganizeinformation.用表格、图表、思维导图整理信息，构建画面。Youcanalsocreateastorywithinformationandviewitinyourmindlikeafilm.也可以把信息编成故事，像电影一样在脑海中回放。Inaddition,makeuseofyourothersenses.此外，利用其他感官。Forexample,listeningtorecordedinformationcanbeveryeffective.比如听录音就很有效。Lastbutnotleast,boostyourmemorybystayinghealthy.最后同样重要的是，保持健康以提升记忆力。Sleepwell.Whileyousleep,yourbrainorganizesyourmemories.睡好觉。睡眠时大脑会整理记忆。Badsleepmakesitharderfornewinformationtoenteryourlong-termmemory.睡眠不好会让新信息更难进入长时记忆。Eatwell.Yourbrainneedsfoodlikeanengineneedsfuel.吃好饭。大脑需要营养，就像引擎需要燃料。Healthyfoodanddrinkwillhelpyourbrainworkmuchbetter.健康的饮食能让大脑运转得更好。Exercise.Ahealthyandactivebodyboostsbothyourmemoryandyourmind.多运动。健康活力的身体能同时提升记忆力和思维能力。Manymorememorytechniquescanbefoundinbooksoronline.书籍和网络上还有更多记忆技巧。Trysomedifferentmethodstoseewhichonesworkbestforyou.尝试不同方法，找到最适合自己的。Youaresuretoimproveyourmemory!你的记忆力一定会提高！3aFriday,20November11月20日星期五Inthepast,IalwaysfeltstressedwhenIhadtogiveaspeech.以前，我一要演讲就紧张。Iusedtospendlotsoftimetryingtomemorizemyspeech,butIstillforgotsomeparts.我总花大量时间背演讲稿，却还是会忘词。Lastweek,Idecidedtofindoutwhattherightwayistomemorizeaspeech.上周，我决定找到背演讲稿的正确方法。Ilookedonlineandaskedfriends,andIfoundmanyusefulmethods.我上网查资料、请教朋友，找到了很多实用技巧。Ilearnthowtocreateaspeechoutline.我学会了列演讲提纲。Insteadoftryingtoremembereverywordofmyspeech,Irememberedthekeywordsfirst.不再逐字背诵，而是先记关键词。ThenIformedimagesofthesekeywordsinmymind,andlinkedtheminorder.再在脑海中把关键词变成画面，按顺序串联起来。Anothermethodistodividethespeechintoshortsections.另一个方法是把演讲稿分成小段。IpractisedthefirstsectionuntilIcouldfullyrecallit.ThenImovedontothenext.先练第一段，直到完全记住，再练下一段。ThishelpedmetofindoutwhichpartsofthespeechIneededtoworkonthemost.这能帮我找到最需要下功夫的部分。Finally,afriendtoldmethatIshouldhaveconfidenceinmyself.最后，朋友告诉我要自信。Nobodyknowsmyspeechexceptme.除了我没人更熟悉我的演讲稿。IfIdoforgetsomewords,Ishouldn'tpanic.就算忘词也别慌。Justrememberthekeywordsandcontinue!记住关键词继续讲就好！Ifollowedallthesegreatmethodsandmyspeechtodaywasagreatsuccess!我用了这些好方法，今天的演讲非常成功！

Unit5PowerofIdeas3aFuXing:Whatdoyouthinkisthemostusefulinventionofalltime,Peter?付星：彼得，你认为有史以来最有用的发明是什么？Peter:Ithastobetheradio.彼得：肯定是收音机。FuXing:Theradio?Why?付星：收音机？为什么？Peter:Beforetheradiowasinvented,informationtravelledveryslowly.彼得：收音机发明前，信息传播速度极慢。Theworldwasmademuchsmallerbytheradio.收音机让世界变小了。Suddenly,newscouldbespreadaroundtheworldinseconds.新闻能在几秒内传遍全球。FuXing:Right.Whowastheinventor?付星：没错。发明者是谁？Peter:AnItalianinventorcalledGuglielmoMarconi.彼得：意大利发明家伽利尔摩·马可尼。Hedevelopedtheideainthe1890s.他在19世纪90年代提出这个构想。In1901,aradiomessagewassentacrosstheAtlanticOceanforthefirsttime.1901年，无线电信号首次横跨大西洋传播。FuXing:Wow!Thatwasquiteadistanceatthattime.付星：哇！在当时那可是很远的距离。Peter:Yeah.Andbecauseoftheradio,someotherimportantinventionsweredevelopedaswell.彼得：是啊。因为收音机，其他一些重要发明也相继出现。FuXing:Likethetelevision?付星：比如电视？Peter:That'sright.Italsohadabigeffectonmusic.彼得：没错。收音机还对音乐产生了巨大影响。Theradiomadeitmucheasierforpeopletoenjoymusicfromartistsaroundtheworld.让人们更容易欣赏到世界各地艺术家的音乐。1bAnInventionThatChangedtheWorldCanyouimagineaworldwithoutbooks,newspapers,ormagazines?你能想象没有书籍、报纸、杂志的世界吗？Allofthesethingsdependononeinvention-papermaking.这些都依赖一项发明——造纸术。It,morethananyotherinvention,wasresponsiblefortherapidspreadofinformationthatshapedourmodernworld.相比其他发明，正是造纸术推动了信息的快速传播，塑造了我们的现代世界。InancientChina,manydifferentmaterialswereusedtowriteon,suchasanimalbones,bronzewares,stones,wood,bamboo,andevensilk.中国古代，人们用多种材料书写，比如兽骨、青铜器、石头、木材、竹子，甚至丝绸。IntheWesternHanDynasty,therewasalsoaveryearlyformofpapermadefromjute—afibrethatcomesfromplants.西汉时期出现了用黄麻（一种植物纤维）制作的早期纸张。However,allofthesematerialswereeitherdifficulttouseandstoreorveryexpensive.但这些材料要么难以使用和保存，要么价格昂贵。AstheheadofficerofthepalaceworkshopfortheemperorintheEasternHanDynasty,CaiLunbecameinterestedintryingtosolvetheproblem.东汉时期，蔡伦担任皇宫尚方令，开始尝试解决这个问题。Differentmethodsforcreatingsomethingtowriteonweretried,butnonewereideal.他尝试了多种制作书写材料的方法，都不理想。Inhistimes,somekindsofbark-theoutsidepartoftrees-wereusedtomakeclothes.当时，人们用某些树皮制作衣服。Frompastexperiences,CaiLungottheideathatbark,certainplants,andoldclothescouldbeusedtomakeaspecialmaterialsuitabletowriteon.从经验中，蔡伦想到用树皮、特定植物和旧布料制作适合书写的特殊材料。InthefirststepofCaiLun'sexperiment,alltheingredientsweremixedandboiledinwater.蔡伦的实验第一步是把所有原料混合水煮。Then,thismaterialwasbeaten,cutup,andmixedwithwateragain.然后捣烂、切碎，再次加水搅拌。Next,theliquidwaspouredoverabambooscreen,leavingjustthefibre.接着把浆液倒在竹帘上，只留下纤维。Finally,thisfibrewasdriedandpressedtoformpaper.最后把纤维晾干、压平，就成了纸。Toeveryone'ssurprise,thispaperwassoft,light,easytomakeanduse,andmostimportantly,cheap.令人惊喜的是，这种纸柔软轻便、易制易用，最重要的是价格低廉。In105CE,CaiLunshowedhiscreationtotheemperor.公元105年，蔡伦将这项发明献给皇帝。TheemperorwasverypleasedandpraisedCaiLunforhisgreatwork.皇帝十分满意，称赞他的伟大功绩。Lateron,thepapermakingtechniquedidnotonlyspeedupthedevelopmentofChineseculture,butalsochangedcivilizationsaroundtheworld.后来，造纸术不仅加速了中国文化的发展，也改变了世界文明。ItfirstspreadtoChina'sneighbouringcountriesandfinallyreachedEuropethroughArabiccountriesinthe12thcentury.它先传入中国周边国家，12世纪经阿拉伯国家传到欧洲。Whentheuseofpaperandprintingcametogetherinlatercenturies,itledtoarapidincreaseinthenumberofbooks.几个世纪后，纸张与印刷术结合，书籍数量激增。Thisresultedinanewbirthofknowledge,creatingtheworldwehavetoday.带来了知识的新生，造就了我们今天的世界。3aTheinventionoftheplanehasgreatlychangedtheworld.飞机的发明极大地改变了世界。However,itseemsthatitsinventors,OrvilleWrightandWilburWright,werenotlookingtochangetheworldatall.然而，发明者莱特兄弟（奥维尔·莱特和威尔伯·莱特）起初根本没想改变世界。Rather,theyjustwantedtoflylikebirds.他们只是想像鸟儿一样飞翔。Tosolvetheproblemofheavier-than-airflight,theWrightbrothersbeganworkingwithgliders.为了解决重于空气的飞行器飞行难题，莱特兄弟开始研究滑翔机。Thereweretwomainchallenges.他们面临两大挑战。Thefirstwashowtogetthegliderintotheair.一是如何让滑翔机升空。Thesecondwashowtocontrolitonceitwasflying.二是升空后如何操控。Forbothproblems,theyfoundtheirsolutionbylookingathowbirdsflew.他们通过观察鸟类飞行找到了这两个问题的答案。Aftertheysolvedtheseproblems,theyaddedanenginetotheglider.解决问题后，他们给滑翔机加装了发动机。Then,inDecember1903,theworld'sfirstplaneflightsweremade.1903年12月，人类历史上首次飞机飞行成功。Theinventionoftheplanehasmadeourtravelsaroundtheworldmucheasierandfaster.飞机的发明让环球旅行变得更便捷、更快速。Journeysthatoncetookdays,weeks,orevenmonths,cannowbemadeinonlyafewhours.曾经需要几天、几周甚至几个月的旅程，现在只需几小时。Asaresult,communicationamongpeopleindifferentcountriesisnowmucheasier,andtheworldfeelssmaller.因此，不同国家人们的交流变得更容易，世界也感觉变小了。

Unit6BeyondEarth3aHost:Ourquestiontodayis:Whydoweexplorespace?Let'stalktospacescientistDrYang.Welcome,DrYang!主持人：今天的问题是：我们为什么要探索太空？我们有请太空科学家杨博士。杨博士，欢迎您！DrYang:Thankyouverymuch.Well,therearethreegoodreasonstoexplorespace.First,toimproveourknowledgeofEarthanditsplaceintheuniverse.杨博士：非常感谢。探索太空有三个重要原因。第一，加深我们对地球及其在宇宙中位置的认知。Host:Couldyouexplainthatabitmore?主持人：能再解释一下吗？DrYang:Sure.ThestudyofotherplanetshelpsusbetterunderstandEarth'sgeology,history,andrelationshipwithotherplanets.杨博士：当然。研究其他行星能帮我们更好地了解地球的地质、历史以及与其他行星的关系。Host:Oh,right.主持人：哦，对。DrYang:Second,technologydevelopedforspacecanbenefitushereonEarth.杨博士：第二，太空研发的技术能造福地球。Host:Couldyougiveourlistenersanexample?主持人：能给听众举个例子吗？DrYang:Ofcourse.Somesatellites,forexample,helpusdealwithproblemscausedbyclimatechange.杨博士：当然。比如一些卫星能帮助我们应对气候变化带来的问题。Host:Yes,that'sveryuseful.Andthethirdreason?主持人：是的，非常实用。第三个原因呢？DrYang:Well,atsomepointinthefarfuture,wemayfindnewresourcesinouterspace.Itmightsoundcrazy,butourEarthmayrunoutofresources.Inthatcase,anewhomeforushumanbeingswillbeneeded.杨博士：在遥远的未来，我们可能在太空发现新资源。这听起来或许不可思议，但地球资源可能会枯竭。到那时，人类就需要新的家园。Host:Wow,interesting!MaybeMarswillbemadeintoournewhomeinthefuture.主持人：哇，有意思！或许未来火星会成为我们的新家园。1bTotheStarsandBeyondSincethebeginningofhumanhistory,peoplehavelookedupatthestarsandwonderedwhattheywerelike.从人类诞生之初，人们就仰望星空，好奇星辰的模样。Manyancientculturesbelievedthatthesepointsoflightwerefromgodsorothermysteriousworlds.许多古代文明认为这些光点来自神明或神秘世界。However,astechnologyandsciencedeveloped,welearntthetruthaboutstars.然而，随着科技发展，我们了解了星辰的真相。Theyarerealplaceslikeourownsun,andtheyarefurtherawaythananyoneimagined.它们是和太阳一样的真实天体，距离远超出人们的想象。Thisraisesthequestion:Canwevisitthestarsoneday?这引发了一个问题：我们有朝一日能造访星辰吗？Theman-madeobjectwhichhastravelledfurthestfromEarthisVoyager1.飞得离地球最远的人造物体是“旅行者1号”探测器。Thisspacecraftwaslaunchedin1977.1977年发射。IncaseVoyager1isfoundbyalienlife,aspecialrecordwithsoundsandpicturesfromEarthiscarriedonboard.为了万一被外星生命发现，它携带了一张载有地球声音与画面的特殊唱片。Itshowswhoweareandwherewearefrom.诉说着人类的身份与起源。Now,Voyager1isanamazing23.5billionkilometresfromEarth,butthatisstillalongwayfromEarth'sneareststar,ProximaCentauri.如今，“旅行者1号”已距地球235亿公里，但离地球最近的恒星——比邻星仍很遥远。Thatstaris4.2lightyearsaway-about40trillionkilometres!这颗恒星距离地球4.2光年，约40万亿公里！Thechallengeofvisitingthestarsgetsevenbiggerforspaceflightswithhumans.载人星际飞行的挑战更大。Thefurthestthatanyhumanhasgoneinspaceisonlyabout400,000kilometres,aroundtheothersideofthemoon.人类在太空中到达的最远距离仅约40万公里，也就是月球背面。Timeisabigproblem.时间是大问题。Atpresent,evenajourneytotheplanetMarswilltakearoundsixtoninemonths.目前飞往火星就需要6到9个月。Whatwilltheastronautseatanddrinkduringthisperiod?宇航员在此期间的饮食如何保障？Andhowabouttheirhealthandsafety?健康与安全如何保障？Theseproblemsgrowwhenwetalkaboutvisitinganotherstar.这些问题在星际旅行中会更加严峻。Itmighttakehundredsofthousandsofyearstogetthere!可能需要数十万年才能抵达！Scientists,however,believethatvisitingthestarsisnotacompletelywilddream.但科学家相信，造访星辰并非完全不切实际的梦想。Oneideaistohavetheastronautssleepduringtheirjourneylikesomeanimalsdoinwinter.一个构想是让宇航员像动物冬眠一样在旅途中沉睡。Anotheristodevelopmuchfasterspacecraft.另一个是研发速度更快的航天器。Whilethisis