2026年英语专业四级自然科学类完形填空全真模拟试题

2026年英语专业四级自然科学类完形填空全真模拟试题考试时间：______分钟总分：______分姓名：______TheImpactofClimateChangeonOceanEcosystemsClimatechangeishavingaprofoundandoftendetrimentaleffectontheworld'soceans,alteringtheirphysicalandchemicalpropertiesandthreateningthediverselifetheysupport.Oneofthemostsignificantchangesisthewarmingofoceanwaters.Astheatmosphereabsorbsmoreheattrappedbygreenhousegases,asubstantialportionofthisexcessenergyistransferredtotheoceans.Thiswarminghasseveralcascadingeffects.Itleadstothethermalexpansionofseawater,contributingtorisingsealevels,whichendangercoastalcommunitiesandecosystems.Furthermore,warmerwatersholdlessdissolvedoxygen,creatinghypoxic,orlow-oxygen,zonesthatarelethaltomanymarinespecies.Corals,particularly,arehighlysensitivetotemperaturefluctuations.Theincreasedwatertemperaturesoftentriggermassbleachingevents,wherecoralsexpelthesymbioticalgaelivingintheirtissues,deprivingthemofavitalenergysourceandoftenleadingtotheirdeathifconditionsdonotreturntonormalpromptly.Anothercriticalaspectofclimatechangeaffectingoceansisoceanacidification.TheoceansabsorbasignificantamountoftheCO2releasedintotheatmosphere.WhenCO2dissolvesinseawater,itformscarbonicacid,whichthendissociatesintobicarbonateandhydrogenions.Theincreaseinhydrogenionsraisesthewater'sacidity(loweredpH).Thischemicaltransformationposesaseriousthreattocalcifyingorganisms,suchascorals,mollusks(likeoystersandclams),andcertainplanktonspecies.Thehigheraciditymakesitharderfortheseorganismstobuildandmaintaintheirshellsandskeletonsmadeofcalciumcarbonate.Weakenedshellsmakethemmorevulnerabletopredationandenvironmentalstress,potentiallydisruptingentiremarinefoodwebsthatdependonthesespeciesforfood.Sealevelrise,drivenpartlybythermalexpansionandthemeltingofland-basedice,presentsadirectphysicalthreat.Coastalhabitats,includingmangroveforests,saltmarshes,andseagrassmeadows,whichprovidecriticalnurserygroundsformanyfishandprotectcoastlinesfromstormsurges,arebeinginundatedanderoded.Thelossofthesehabitatsdiminishesbiodiversityandweakensnaturaldefensesagainstclimate-relateddisasters.Additionally,changingoceancurrents,influencedbytemperatureandsalinityshifts,canalterweatherpatternsglobally,impactingagriculture,freshwatersupplies,andevencontributingtomoreextremeweathereventsonland.Thecumulativeimpactofthesestressorsisleadingtoadramaticdeclineinmarinebiodiversity.Speciesarefacingchallengesinadaptingtorapidlychangingconditions,leadingtoshiftsinpopulationdistributions,potentialextinctions,anddisruptionsinecologicalinteractions.Thelossoffunctionalecosystemsunderminestheservicestheyprovide,suchasnutrientcycling,carbonsequestration,andfisheriesresourcesthatbillionsofpeopledependuponforlivelihoodandfoodsecurity.Addressingthethreatofclimatechangetotheoceansrequiresglobaleffortstoreducegreenhousegasemissionsandimplementstrategiestoprotectandrestoremarineecosystems.Thisincludesestablishingmarineprotectedareas,sustainablefishingpractices,andinitiativestomitigateoceanacidificationandreducelocalstressorslikepollution,whichcompoundtheeffectsofclimatechange.Thehealthoftheoceansisinextricablylinkedtothehealthoftheplanetandallitsinhabitants.试卷答案1.D解析思路：空格处需要一名词，指代前面提到的“excessenergy”。选项中，A)energy（能量）是可数名词，但前文已有energy，这里需指代不同的“能量”，且泛指“这些能量”，B)heat（热量）是可数名词，且前文已有heat，这里指代不同的“热量”，C)power（力量，权力）不符合语境，D)it（指代energy）符合语境，指代前面提到的“excessenergy”，且这里用it作形式宾语，真正宾语是totheoceans。2.C解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与islinked构成现在分词短语作结果状语，修饰前面的句子。选项中，A)connected（连接）不符合时态，B)relating（关联）不符合语态，C)linked（连接）符合语境，表示“与...相连”，D)related（有关联）不符合语态，故选C。3.B解析思路：空格处需要一形容词，修饰后面的名词zones。选项中，A)rich（丰富的）不符合语境，B)low（低的）符合语境，表示“低氧的”，C)poor（贫穷的）不符合语境，D)empty（空的）不符合语境，故选B。4.A解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与trigger构成固定搭配。选项中，A)trigger（引发）符合搭配，B)cause（导致）不符合搭配，C)create（创造）不符合搭配，D)result（导致）不符合搭配，故选A。5.D解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与aretriggering构成现在进行时。选项中，A)cause（导致）不符合时态，B)relate（关联）不符合时态，C)connect（连接）不符合时态，D)aretriggering（正在引发）符合时态，故选D。6.C解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与expel构成固定搭配。选项中，A)release（释放）不符合搭配，B)expel（驱逐）不符合搭配，C)lose（失去）符合搭配，D)remove（移除）不符合搭配，故选C。7.B解析思路：空格处需要一形容词，修饰后面的名词algae。选项中，A)live（活的）不符合语境，B)symbiotic（共生的）符合语境，表示“共生的”，C)active（活跃的）不符合语境，D)harmful（有害的）不符合语境，故选B。8.A解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与forms构成并列结构。选项中，A)forms（形成）符合并列结构，B)dissolves（溶解）不符合并列结构，C)releases（释放）不符合并列结构，D)absorbs（吸收）不符合并列结构，故选A。9.B解析思路：空格处需要一形容词，修饰后面的名词hydrogenions。选项中，A)high（高的）不符合语境，B)more（更多的）符合语境，表示“更多的”，C)large（大的）不符合语境，D)many（许多的）不符合语境，故选B。10.A解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与makes构成固定搭配。选项中，A)make（使）符合搭配，B)cause（导致）不符合搭配，C)lead（导致）不符合搭配，D)result（导致）不符合搭配，故选A。11.D解析思路：空格处需要一形容词，修饰后面的名词skeletons。选项中，A)strong（强壮的）不符合语境，B)weak（弱的）符合语境，表示“弱的”，C)hard（坚硬的）不符合语境，D)fragile（易碎的）不符合语境，故选B。12.B解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与arebeinginundated构成被动语态。选项中，A)protect（保护）不符合被动语态，B)areeroded（正被侵蚀）符合被动语态，C)damage（损害）不符合被动语态，D)destroy（破坏）不符合被动语态，故选B。13.A解析思路：空格处需要一动词，与provide构成固定搭配。选项中，A)provide（提供）符合搭配，B)supply（供应）不符合搭配，C)offer（提供）