2026年湖南省部编版高一英语上册语法专项训练习题

2026年湖南省部编版高一英语上册语法专项训练习题1.Thenewlibraryinourschool______openedlastmonthandithasalreadyattractedalargenumberofstudents.A.was|B.is|C.hasbeen|D.hadbeen解析：本题考查动词时态。根据句意“我们学校的新图书馆上个月已经开放了，它已经吸引了大量学生”，需用现在完成时态表示动作从过去持续到现在并产生结果。选项A一般过去时态不符合句意；选项B一般现在时态错误；选项C现在完成时态符合语境；选项D过去完成时态错误。故选C。2.Ifyou______morecarefully,youwouldn’thavemadesuchamistakeinthemathtest.A.worked|B.work|C.hadworked|D.wereworking解析：本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意“如果你更仔细一点，数学考试就不会犯这样的错误了”，是针对过去事实的假设，从句用一般过去时，主句用“wouldhave+过去分词”。选项A一般过去时错误；选项B一般现在时错误；选项C过去完成时符合条件；选项D过去进行时不适用。故选C。3.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______satisfiedwiththeresultsoftheexperiment.A.is|B.are|C.was|D.were解析：本题考查主谓一致。根据就近原则，“teacher”是单数，谓语动词用单数形式。选项A单数形式正确；选项B复数形式错误；选项C过去时态错误；选项D复数形式错误。故选A。4.______shearrives,we’llstartthemeeting.A.Assoonas|B.Until|C.Before|D.After解析：本题考查时间状语从句。根据句意“她一到我们就开会”，需用“assoonas”表示“一……就……”。选项B“until”表示“直到”，不符合句意；选项C“before”表示“在……之前”，不符合句意；选项D“after”表示“在……之后”，不符合句意。故选A。5.Theboy,______livesnextdoor,isagoodfriendofmine.A.who|B.whom|C.whose|D.which解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词“boy”指人，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词“who”。选项B“whom”作宾语，错误；选项C“whose”作定语，错误；选项D“which”指物，错误。故选A。6.Itisimportantforustokeep______withourteachersandparents.A.communicate|B.tocommunicate|C.communicating|D.communicated解析：本题考查非谓语动词。动词“keep”后需跟动名词作宾语。选项A动词原形错误；选项B不定式作主语，错误；选项C动名词形式正确；选项D过去分词形式错误。故选C。7.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.which|B.that|C.who|D.whom解析：本题考查定语从句。先行词“book”指物，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词“which”或“that”。选项C、D指人，错误。故选A或B（此处A、B均可，但根据题干结构A更自然）。8.IfI______you,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.A.am|B.were|C.be|D.willbe解析：本题考查虚拟语气。根据句意“如果我是你，我会立刻向她道歉”，是针对现在情况的假设，从句用一般现在时，主句用“would+动词原形”。选项A、C、D时态错误。故选B。9.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.if|B.whether|C.that|D.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。动词“asked”后需跟宾语从句，且从句中不缺成分，用“if”或“whether”。选项C、D从句缺主语或宾语，错误。故选A或B（此处A、B均可）。10.Notonly______tothepartybutalsoshebroughtagiftforeveryone.A.shewent|B.wentshe|C.shehasgone|D.hasshegone解析：本题考查倒装句。否定词“notonly”位于句首，主句需部分倒装。选项A、C、D语序错误。故选B。1.Thecompanydecidedto______(expand)itsbusinessintonewmarketslastyear.参考答案：expand解析：动词原形作动词“decidetodosth”的宾语。2.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillhavetocancelthepicnic.参考答案：rains解析：if引导的条件状语从句，用一般现在时表示将来。3.Mysisteris______(interest)inlearningFrenchbecauseshewantstoworkinParis.参考答案：interested解析：形容词作表语，与系动词“is”搭配。4.Thestudentsarelookingforwardto______(have)abreakafterthelongexam.参考答案：having解析：介词“lookforwardto”后跟动名词。5.______youstudyharder,youwillsucceedsoonerorlater.参考答案：Theharder解析：the+比较级，the+比较级，表示“越……越……”。6.Theteacheraskedthestudents______(nottotalk)duringtheexam.参考答案：nottotalk解析：动词不定式否定式作宾语补足语。7.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacher______(know)theanswertothequestion.参考答案：knows解析：就近原则，谓语动词用单数形式。8.Itisimportanttokeep______(balance)workandlifeinordertostayhealthy.参考答案：abalance解析：keepabalance是固定搭配。9.IfI______(be)you,Iwouldapologizeimmediately.参考答案：were解析：虚拟语气，从句用一般现在时，主句用would+动词原形。10.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：which/that解析：定语从句中，先行词指物，关系代词用which或that。1.Thenewlibraryinourschoolwasopenedlastmonth.(×)解析：根据句意，需用现在完成时态，改为“hasbeenopened”。2.Ifyouworkharder,youwillpasstheexam.(×)解析：是针对现在情况的假设，从句用一般现在时，改为“Ifyouworkharder,youwillpasstheexam.”（原句正确，但需注意虚拟语气条件句的时态问题，此处假设成立，可保留原句，但需明确条件句时态规则）3.Neitherthestudentsnortheteacherissatisfiedwiththeresults.(×)解析：就近原则，谓语动词用单数形式，改为“are”。4.Assoonasshearrives,wewillstartthemeeting.(√)解析：句意和语法均正确。5.Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine.(√)解析：句意和语法均正确。6.Itisimportantforustokeepcommunicatewithourteachersandparents.(×)解析：需用动名词，改为“tokeepcommunicating”。7.ThebookthatIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(√)解析：句意和语法均正确。8.IfIwereyou,Iwouldapologizetoherimmediately.(√)解析：句意和语法均正确。9.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(√)解析：句意和语法均正确。10.Notonlyshewenttothepartybutalsoshebroughtagiftforeveryone.(×)解析：否定词位于句首，主句需部分倒装，改为“Notonlydidshegotothepartybutalsoshebroughtagiftforeveryone.”1.Explaintheuseofthepresentperfecttenseinthesentence"Thenewlibraryhasbeenopenedlastmonth."参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent,orhasaresultinthepresent.Inthissentence,itindicatesthatthelibrarywasopenedlastmonthandtheactioniscompleted,butitisstillopennow.2.Whatisthedifferencebetween"if"and"whether"inconditionalsentences?参考答案：Both"if"and"whether"canbeusedtointroduceconditionalclauses,but"whether"ismoreflexibleandcanbeusedinmorecontexts,suchasinindirectquestionsorwhenthechoicebetweentwoalternativesisimportant.Forexample,"Iamnotsurewhethertogoorstay"ismorenaturalthan"Iamnotsureiftogoorstay."3.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?参考答案：Toformapassivevoicesentence,usetheverb"be"+pastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim"ispassivevoice.Theactivevoicewouldbe"Hewrotethebook."4.Whatisthefunctionof"assoonas"inasentence?参考答案："Assoonas"isusedtointroduceatimeclause,indicatingthatoneactionhappensimmediatelyafteranother.Forexample,"AssoonasIfinishmyhomework,Iwillgoout."5.Whydoweuse"who"insteadof"that"inthesentence"Theboywholivesnextdoorisagoodfriendofmine"?参考答案："Who"isusedtorefertopeopleinrelativeclauses,while"that"isusedforthings.Inthissentence,"boy"referstoaperson,so"who"isthecorrectchoice.6.Whatisthemeaningof"lookforwardtodoingsth"?参考答案："Lookforwardtodoingsth"meanstobeexcitedaboutorhopeforsomethinginthefuture.Forexample,"Ilookforwardtohavingabreakaftertheexam."7.Howdoyouformanegativesentencewith"notonly"?参考答案：When"notonly"isatthebeginningofasentence,themainclausemustbeinverted.Forexample,"Notonlydidshegotothepartybutalsoshebroughtagift."8.Whatisthedifferencebetween"realize"and"realise"?参考答案："Realize"isthecorrectspellinginAmericanEnglish,while"realise"isusedinBritishEnglish.Bothmeantobecomeawareofsomething.1.Rewritethesentence"Thestudentsarestudyingfortheexam."usingthepassivevoice.参考答案：Theexamisbeingstudiedforbythestudents.2.Completethesentence:"IfI______you,Iwouldstudyharder."参考答案：were3.Transformthesentence"Sheboughtabookyesterday."intothepastcontinuoustense.参考答案：Shewasbuyingabookyesterday.4.Completethesentence:"Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting."参考答案：which/that5.Transformthesentence"Hewillfinishtheworktomorrow."intothepresentperfecttense.参考答案：Hewillhavefinishedtheworkbynow.6.Completethesentence:"Notonly______tothepartybutalsoshebroughtagiftforeveryone."参考答案：shewent7.Transformthesentence"Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework."intothepassivevoice.参考答案：Thehomeworkwasaskedbytheteacherifithadbeenfinishedbythestudents.8.Completethesentence:"Itisimportanttokeep______withourteachersandparents."参考答案：intouch【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.C2.C3.A4.A5.A6.C7.A8.B9.A10.B二、填空题1.expand2.rains3.interested4.having5.Theharder6.nottotalk7.knows8.abalance9.were10.which/that三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.√6.×7.√8.√9.√10.×四、简答题1.参考答案：Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent,orhasaresultinthepresent.Inthissentence,itindicatesthatthelibrarywasopenedlastmonthandtheactioniscompleted,butitisstillopennow.解析：本题考查现在完成时态的用法。现在完成时态表示过去发生的动作对现在的影响，或动作从过去持续到现在。2.参考答案：Both"if"and"whether"canbeusedtointroduceconditionalclauses,but"whether"ismoreflexibleandcanbeusedinmorecontexts,suchasinindirectquestionsorwhenthechoicebetweentwoalternativesisimportant.Forexample,"Iamnotsurewhethertogoorstay"ismorenaturalthan"Iamnotsureiftogoorstay."解析：本题考查if和whether的区别。if和whether都可引导条件状语从句，但whether更灵活，可用于间接疑问句或表示选择。3.参考答案：Toformapassivevoicesentence,usetheverb"be"+pastparticipleofthemainverb.Forexample,"Thebookwaswrittenbyhim"ispassivevoice.Theactivevoicewouldbe"Hewrotethebook."解析：本题考查被动语态的构成。被动语态由“be动词+过去分词”构成。4.参考答案："Assoonas"isusedtointroduceatimeclause,indicatingthatoneactionhappensimmediatelyafteranother.Forexample,"AssoonasIfinishmyhomework,Iwillgoout."解析：本题考查assoonas的用法。assoonas表示“一……就……”。5.参考答案："Who"isusedtorefertopeopleinrelativeclauses,while"that"isusedforthings.Inthissentence,"boy"referstoaperson,so"who"isthecorrectchoice.解析：本题考查定语从句中关系代词的用法。who指人，that指物。6.参考答案："Lookforwardtodoingsth"meanstobeexcitedaboutorhopeforsomethinginthefuture.Forexample,"Ilookforwardtohavingabreakaftertheexam."解析