考研英语模拟试卷305

考研英语模拟试卷305

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Thefirstmanwhocookedhisfood,insteadofeatingitraw,livedsolongagothatwe

havenoideawhohewasorwherehelived.Wedoknow,however,that[1]thousands

ofyearsfoodwasalwayseatencoldand[2].Perhapsthecookedfoodwasheated

accidentallybya[3]fireorbythemeltedlavafromanerupting[4].Whenpeople

firsttastedfoodthathadbeencooked,theyfoundittasiedbetter.However,[5]after

thisdiscover,cookedfoodmusthaveremainedararity[6]manlearnedhowtomake

andlight[7].Primitivemenwholivedinhotregionscoulddependontheheatofthe

sun[8]theirfood.Forexample,inthedesert[9]ofthesouthwestern.UnitedStates,

theIndianscookedtheirfoodby[10]itonaflat[11]inthehotsun.Theycooked

pieceofmeatandthincakesofcommealinthis[12].Wesurmisethattheearliest

kitchen[13]wasstick[14]whichapieceofmeatcouldbeattachedandheldovera

fire.Laterthisstickwas[15]byanironrodorspitwhichcouldbeturnedfrequentlyto

cookthemeat[16]allsides.Cookingfoodinwaterv/as[17]beforemanlearnedto

makewatercontainersthatcouldnotbe[18]byfire.The[19]cookingpotswerereed

orgrassbasketsinwhichsoups,andstewscouldbecooked.Asearlyas166B.C,the

Egyptianshadlearnedtomake[20]permanentcookingpotsoutofsandstone.Many

yearslater,theEskimoslearnedtomakesimilarpans.

1、

A^in

B、on

C>through

D^for

标准答案：D

知识点解析：forthousandsofyears数千年。

2、

A、raw

B、crude

C、ready

D、fresh

标准答案：A

知识点解析：raw生的，未加工的。根据题意，最早人们吃的食物应该是冷的和生

的。

3、

A、forest

cooked

C、man-made

D、lighting

标准答案：A

知识点解析：forestfire指自然引起的森林大火。

4、

A、volcano

B、cave

C、mountain

D、valley

标准答案：A

知识点解析：erupt专指火山的喷发，故选volcano；volcano火山。

5、

A、though

B、since

C、soon

D、even

标准答案：D

知识点解析：虽然人们已经知道熟食美味，但是在掌握打火方法之前，烧制食物仍

然是很稀罕的。

6、

A、When

B、which

CNuntil

D、as

标准答案：C

知识点解析：同上题。

7、

A、food

B、afire

C、himself

D、it

标准答案：B

知识点解析：lightafire点火。

8、

A、tocook

cooking

C^cooked

D、cook

标准答案：A

知识点解析：部分地区的原始人依靠太阳光提供的热量烹饪事物。

9、

A、places

B、realms

C>areas

D、domains

标准答案：C

知识点解析：areas区域，地域，范围。

10、

A、beating

B、frying

C、drying

D、placing

标准答案：D

知识点解析：place放置。

11、

A、stone

B、board

C、table

D、plate

标准答案：A

知识点解析：根据题意，印第安人把事物放在平石头上烤制。

12、

A、zone

B、sector

C、method

D、fashion

标准答案：C

知识点解析：method方式，方法。

13、

A、utensil

B、instrument

C、tool

D^equipment

标准答案：A

知识点解析：ulensil器具。

14、

A、by

B、over

C^on

D、to

标准答案：D

知识点解析：attachto固定搭配，缚上，系上。

15、

A、supported

replaced

C、changed

D、switched

标准答案：B

知识点解析：指更好的烧烤用具代替了以前简单的棍棒。

16、

by

B、on

C、over

D^at

标准答案：B

知识点解析：onallside在每一面。

17、

A、incapable

B、unavoidable

C^impossible

D、unpopular

标准答案：c

知识点解析：在合适的容器出现之前，人们不可能吃煮的事物。

18、

A、broken

B、destroyed

C、spoiled

D、pierced

标准答案：B

知识点解析：destroyedbyfire被火损坏。

19、

A、newest

B、latest

C^first

D、worst

标准答案：C

知识点解析：现代人不会用草米做容器煮水，应此选c。

20、

A^stronger

B、better

C、more

D、longer

标准答案：C

知识点解析：mote用来修饰permanent,指更加耐用的材料。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分,共20分。）

Achildmayleanagainstadoorpostwithhisorherarmsfolded.Totheonlooker,itmay

looklikeabenignposture—however,theremaybeavictimizedchildwhounderstands

thatthisisthebully*s"shorthand"codeofconveyingthemessage:"Handmeyourlunch

asyouwalkbyme,orelse."Bullyingmaybeexpressedinmanyforms.Boysare

generallytargetedmorethangirls.Boystendtousephysicalaggressionwhenthey

bully.byhitting,kicking,andfighting.Girls,ontheotherhand,moreoftenuse

exclusionarytechniquestobully—aformofaggressionoftenreferredtoasrelational

aggression.Girlsoftenstartrumors,formcliquestokeepcertainpeopleout,andignore

otherchildreninattemptstoshowdominanceoveranotherchild.Manychildrenwhoare

victimizedfitintooneoftwotypes:thepassivevictim,andtheprovocativevictim.While

peopleoftenfeelbadaboutpassivevictims,provocativevictimsoftenelicitless

compassionfromothers.Sometimesitappearsthattheprovocativevictimhas"brought

on"hisorherownfate-butdoesanychilddeservetobethetargetofrepeatedphysical

orverbalaggression?Whymightso-calledprovocativevictimsactivelyparticipatein

beingthetargetofbullying:Forexample,arctheirprovocativegesturessimplyaclumsy

wayofattemptingtointeractwithothers?Onefeelscompassionfortheinhibitedchild

becauseheisreserved;asocialmisfortuneinoursociety,butanaggressivechildisgiven

noneofthis.Thedynamicsofthebully/victimrelationshipneedtobeunderstoodina

largercontext(Pepler,Craig&O'Connell,1999).Itisnotonlythebullyandthevictim

thatisinvolvedinasystemofinteraction:Thebullyingcontextincludesmultiplelevels

ofthechild'ssocialenvironment.Thebullymayenlistthehelpof"henchmen"(those

whoassistthebully,butoftendonothavetheinitiativeorleadershiptoinitiatebullying).

Also,bystanders(whetheractivelyencouragingthebullyingactorpassivelystandingby)

playaroleinmaintainingthepatternofbullying.Eventhestudentswhohabituallyflee

thesiteofabullyingactplayaroleinmaintainingthebully/victiminteraction.In

handlingthesituation,itisimportantnottofocusonlyontheoneortwostudentsthatare

directlyinvolved,butontheplaygroundandschoolasawhole.Studieshaveshownthat

inordertobreakdownthestabilityofpeerbullyingyoumustinitiatechangeonmany

levels:Notonlyinteachingthebulliedchildhowtoasserthimselforherselfandto

deflectattacks,butalsotoraiseawarenessabouttheproblemofbullyingandencourage

theschoolcommunityatlargetotakeaunitedstanceagainstbullying.

21、Thepurposeoftheexamplepresentedinthefirstparagraphis.

A^tointroducethetopicofschoolbullying

B、topresentacleardefinitionforschoolbullying

C、tocriticizethosestudentswhobullyothers

D、toshowhowprevalentschoolbullyingis

标准答案：A

知识点解析：例证题；明确指向原文第一段，回原文查看我们发现，在第一段的结

尾“Handmeyourlunchasyouwalkbyme,orelse”对这个例子的实质进行了揭示，

我们再结合房二段开头“Bullyingmaybeexpressedinmanyforms”这样的表达就会明

白，这里是通过一个具体的例子来引出校园中欺凌事件这样一个话题，结合4个选

项，A选项是正确的。其他几个选项也都涉及schoolbullying这个核心话题，但是

B选项所说的definition^C选项所说的criticize和D选项所说的prevalent都在原文

中找不到相应的信息，需要排除。

22、Theword"exclusionary"(Line3,Para.2)canbebestexplainedby.

A、notallowingsomeonetotakepartinsomething

B、usingbehaviorsintendedtohurtotherpeoplephysically

C>tendingtoacceptthingsthathappenwithouttakinganyaction

D、doingsomethinginadeliberatemannerandintendedtocauseharm

标准答案：A

知识点解析：词义题；在原文的第二段我可以看到，这个词在原文中出现的语言环

境是"Girls,ontheotherhand,moreoftenuseexclusionarytechniques”,所以要理解

这里的exclusionary的含义，我们需要对原文进行分析。“Cirlsoftenstartrumors,

forcliquestokeepcertainpeopleout,andignoreotherchildreninattemptstoshow

dominanceoveranotherchild”就是对exclusionary的解释，另外结合而词的一些基本

知识，我们确定这里的exclusionary表达的是“排斥”的意思。比较阅读4个选项，

A选项和原文的意思是一致的，是正确答案。

23、Whichoneofthefollowingistrueaboutprovocativevictims?

A、Provocativevictimsarethevictimswhoaskfortroublethemselvesanddeservewhat

theyget.

B、Provocativevictimsdowhattheydotoavoidinteractingwithothers.

C^Provocativevictimsarejusttryingtobegetsomeattentionandcommunication.

D、Provocativevictimsareusedtothoserepeatedphysicalorverbalaggression.

标准答案：C…

知识点解析：细节题；归纳全段的大意，作者对于provocativevictims是一种客观

的评价，A选项所说的“deservewhattheyget”不符合原文的表达，原文在表示“自找

麻烦”(broughton)这一意思的时候，使用了引号，表明作者自己并不赞同这一观

点。B选项和原文对于provocativevictims的描述恰恰相反，C选项的表述是正确

的。D选项把原文的“bethetargetof…”改变成了“areusedto…”，也在意义上和原

文有出入。

24、WhichoneofthefollowingisNO1mentionedasonepartofthe"largercontext"ot

bullying?

A、Henchmen.

Bystanders.

C、Escapees.

D、Faculties.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题；题目中的largercontext可以帮助我们定位到原文的第四段。

A选项和B选项在原文中是可以直接找到的，而C选项和原文的“(hestudentswho

habituallyfleethesiteofabullyingact”是内涵一■致的，所以在原文中没有提到的应

该是D选项。

25Accordingtotheauthor,whatkindofperspectiveshouldwehaveforschool

bullying?

A、Dynamic.

B、Comprehensive.

C^Individual.

D^Optimistic.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：作者态度观点题；在原文中，“itisimportantnottofocusonlyonthe

oneortwostudentsthataredirectlyinvolved,butontheplaygroundandschoolasa

whole”奠定了作者观点的基调，不能把问题孤立地来看，要作为一个整体来看，这

种基调在最后一段得到了发展和支持，而4个选项之中，可以表示整体观念的是B

选项。A、C和D选项分别表示动态的、个体的和乐观的，都和原文不符。

Theterm"nationalism"isgenerallyusedtodescribetwophenomena:(1)themembersof

anationcareabouttheirnationalidentityand(2)thatthemembersofanationseekto

achieve(orsustain)self-determination.Itistraditional,therefore,todistinguishnations

fromstates—whereasanationoftenconsistsofanethnicorculturalcommnnify,astateis

apoliticalentitywithahighdegreeofsovereignty.Whilemanystatesarenationsin

somesense,therearemanynationswhicharenotfullysovereignstates.Asanexample,

theNativeAmericanIroquoisconstituteanationbutnotastate,sincetheydonotpossess

therequisitepoliticalauthorityovertheirinternalorexternalaffairs.Ifthemembersof

theIroquoisnationweretostrivetoformasovereignstateintheefforttopreservetheir

identityasapeople,theywouldbeexhibitingastate——focusednationalism.Nationalism

haslongbeenignoredasatopicinpoliticalphilosophy,writtenoffasarelicfrom

bygonetimes.Ithasonlyrecentlycomeintothefocusofphilosophicaldebate.Thesurge

ofnationalismusuallypresentsamorallyambivalentandforthisreasonoftenfascinating

picture.''Nationalawakenings"andstrugglesforpoliticalindependenceareoftenboth

heroicandinhumanlycruel;theformationofarecognizablynationalstateoftenresponds

todeeppopularsentiment,butcananddoessometimesbringinitswakeinhuman

consequences,includingviolentexpulsionand"cleansing"ofnon-nationals,alltheway

toorganizedmassmurder.Themoraldebateonnationalismreflectsadeepmoraltension

betweensolidaritywithoppressednationalgroupsontheonehandandrepulsioninthe

faceofcrimesperpetratedinthenameofnationalismontheother.Nationalismmay

manifestitselfaspartofofficialstateideologyorasapopular(non-state)movementand

maybeexpressedalongcivic,ethnic,cultural,religiousorideologicallines.Theseself­

definitionsofthenationareusedtoclassifytypesofnationalism.However,such

categoriesarenotmutuallyexclusiveandmanynationalistmovementscombinesomeor

alloftheseelementstovaryingdegrees.Nationalistmovementscanalsobeclassifiedby

othercriteria,suchasscaleandlocation.Nationalismdocsnotnecessarilyimplyabelief

inthesuperiorityofoneraceoverothers,butinpractice,manynationalistssupportracial

protectionismorracialsupremacy.Suchracismistypicallybaseduponpreferenceor

superiorityoftheindigenousraceofthenation.

26>TheIwopheiiuiiienaineiiliunedinparagraph1canbesuininaiizedas.

A、thepeaceandtheviolence

theinternalandtheexternal

C>theattitudeandtheactions

D、thepowerlessandthesovereignty

标准答案：C、’

知识点解析：概括题；原文给出了民族主义的两种常见现象，题目要求我们将这两

种现象进行归纳和概括。“themembersofanationcareabouttheirnationalidentity”的

核心讲的是一种人们对民族身份的关心，也就是一种态度的问题：而“themembers

ofunationseektoachieve(orsustain)self-determinat沁n"讲的是民族成员追求自治的

一种努力，是行为层面的，所以在4个选项中，C选项的概括是准确的。

27、TheexampleofNativeAmericanIroquoisisusedinparagraph2to.

A、showthedifferencesbetweennationsandstates

B、discussthedifferencesbetweeninternalandexternalaffairs

C^indicatetheirstrivetoformastate

D、presenttheiridentityasapeople

标准答案：A

知识点解析：例证题；在原文的第二段中，我们可以看到NativeAmericanIroquois

的例子出现在段落的中间。我们首先看段落的第一句话，44Itistraditional,

therefore,todistinguishnationsfromstates”奠定了段落的主旨，而这里的例子之后

的分析也提到了“NativeAmericanIroquoisconstituteanationbutnotastate”,和段落

主旨是吻合的。所以比较4个选项，A选项是正确的。B、C和D三个选项都出自

原文中对这一例子的细节分析，提醒考生注意，在解答例证题这样的题目的时候，

首先需要看是否服务于全篇主旨，再看段落主旨，排除这些目的之后再作其他的考

虑。

28>Theword"ambivalent"(Line3,Paragraph3)mostprobablymeans.

A、attractiveforitsuniquefeatures

B、characterizedbyamixtureofoppositefeelingsorattitudes

C、havingastrongdesireforsuccessorachievement

D、requiringfulluseofyourabilitiesorresources

标准答案：B

知识点解析：词义题；我们首先分析原文中这个词出现的句子，“Thesurgeof

nationalismusuallypresentsamorallyambivalentandforthisreasonoftenfascinating

picture”，由此可见我们需要寻找的是用来修饰民族主义的出现所带来的在道德上

讲的情形。而后文的分析和解释就是我们判断这个词的含义的依据，从后面

我们可以看到“bothheroicandinhumanlycruel"，这样的表达，既有英雄主义的一

面，也有不人性的残忍的一面。继续寻找，可以看到“…oftenrespondslodeep

popularsentiment,butcananddoessometimesbringinitswakeinhuman

consequences”这里的意思和前面分析到的意思是类似的，都是说民族主义有善的一

面，也有恶的一面，所以我们用来解释ambivalent一词的最好答案就是B选项，

一种矛盾的态度和情感的集合体。

29Paragraph4talksabouttheissueofnationalismfromtheperspectiveof.

A、types

definitions

C、combinations

D、criteria

标准答案：A

知识点解析：概括题；要求我们选择第四段的论述角度，段落中的关键表达“t。

classifytypesofnationalism”告诉了我们这个段落的论述角度是对于民族主义的分类

问题。段落中确实提到了definitions、combinations和criteria三个关键词,要做出

正确的选择，还需要我们始终把握住段落在讨论的过程中始终围绕着的是classify

这样的关键词，所以讲的是类别的问题。

30、Nationalismwillbecomeracismwhenitiscombinedwith.

A、politicalpractice

B、racesuperiority

C^raceidentity

D、sovereignty

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题；原文对于Nationalism和racism,也就是民族主义和种族主

义两种概念进行了区分，在这里设置题目符合比较与对比的命题原则。原文中明确

告诉我们，“racismistypicallybaseduponpreferenceorsuperiorityoftheindigenous

raceofthenation-,也就是说种族主义比民族主义多了种族优越感这一点，在4个

选项中，B选项是正确的。

BurkinaFasostudentteacherHemaCecilehasalotmoretimetocrackthebooksthanks

toarecentinitiativefromtheWorldBankandtheInternationalFinanceCorporation

(IFC).ThelaunchoftheLightingAfricaprogrambythetwoorganizationsthisyearhas

madeitpossibleforCccilctoswapkerosenelampsforasolar-powcrcdLEDlantern.

LightingAfricaisa$12millionprojectwhichintendstobringlighttothepoorest

regionsacrosssub-SaharanAfrica.Theprogramworkswiththelightingindustryto

developclean,affordablelightingandenergysolutionsformillionswithoutaccessto

electricgrids.Itsaimistoacceleratethemarketandtodevelopeducationprogramsthat

informoff-gridpopulationscurrentlydependentoncostly,inefficientandhazardousfuel­

basedlightingaboutmodernalternatives.Cecileusedtospend$3-4amonthon

keroseneforherlamp.Thalisalargeproportionofherearnings-like70percentofthe

populationshelivesonlessthan$2aday.Intheweekssincebuyingherlanternshehas

managedtoreadfourbooksincludingMadameBovary.byGustaveFlaubertandEmile

Zola*sGerminal.Sheisamongthemostlearnedinasocietywhichhastheworld'slowest

literacyrate,accordingtoa2007UNHumanDevelopmentReport.Whenshegraduates

nextyearshewillteachinalocaljuniorschoolShemakesendsmeetbyholidayjobsasa

cleanerandanITtrainer.ToearnherdailyrationofcornmealshedoesshiftsfromMay

toSeptemberinacornfield.Thelanternsaredesignedtolooklikethekeroseneones

theyarereplacinginordertoincreaseadoptionamongthepopulation.Eachhasasmall

solarpanelonthetopandcostsanaverage$30,althoughsomecost$100,depending

onthesizeofthebatteryandthenumberofLEDlightsitcontains.Becauseofthelarge

numberofsunlighthoursinBurkinaFaso,thelampscanbereliedontoworkwhenever

needed.Thebatterylifeis2-4years,andcanbereplacedoncetheylosetheirstorage

capacity.TheLEDlightslast5-10years.Althoughitisbarelyoutofitstrialperiodthe

project,Chabannesaidtherearesignstheprojectisaboonforthepopulationinareas

otherthanhouseholdsavingsandeducation."Therearefewerpeoplereportingeye

problemstothelocalhospital.',

31、Theword"swap"(Line4,Para.I)mostprobablymeans.

A、toexchange

B、todestroy

C、toinvent

D、tocopy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：词义题；我们首先在原文中寻找包含这个考核词的句子，在原文中我

们看到的表达是“…madeitpossibleforCeciletoswapkerosenelampsforasolar-

poweredLEDlantern",结合原文的主要内容，比较阅读4个选项，我们可以看

到，A选项所表达的“交换，替代”的意思符合原文在语义上的要求，是正确答案。

32、ThepurposeoftheLightingAfricaprogramisto.

A、domarketresearch

providenewenergysolutions

C、helpAfricanpeopletobeindependent

D^promotemodernizationacrosssub-SaharanAfrica

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题；考查文章中一个关键的项目LighlingAfrica,在原文的第二

段我们可以找到“aim…”这样的表达，所以我们需耍的答案就是“t。acceleratethe

marketandtodevelopeducationprograms…”的同义表达。在4个选项之中，B选项

貌似和原文表达差异很大，但实际上表达的意思是一致的，就是说这样一个项目它

的根本目的是为了推广新的能源，原文的表达是“thatinformoff-gridpopulations

currentlydependentoncostly,inefficientandhazardousfuel-basedlightingabout

modernalternatives”,而这里的关键表达“modernalternatives”和B选项的“new

energysolutions”表达的内涵是一致的，是正确答案。

33、WhichoneofthefollowingstatementsistrueaboutCecile?

A、Sheisilliterate,justlikemanyofthecitizensinherregion.

B、SheworksonlyfromMaytoSeptembereveryyear.

C、SheisafulltimeemployeeinanITcompany.

D、Sheisstillastudentnow.

标准答案：D

知火点解析：细节题；根据题目中的定位诃.Cecile,我们在原文的第三段寻找相

关信息。比较4个选项和原文,A选项和原文中“Sheisamongthemostlearnedina

societywhichhastheworldslowestliteracyrate”的表达是不完全一致的，Cecile所在

的社会的识字率确实是最低的，但她本人是读过书的。B选项和原文“docsshifts

fromMaytoS叩tember”的真实含义有出入，原文说的是她在这段时间内更换另外

一个工作来做，但选项说她只在这个时期之内工作。C选项的“afulltime

employee”和原文的“Whenshegraduatesnextyear端冲突。D选项则是正确的。

34、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOToneofthemeasurestopromotetheuseofthe

newlanterns?

ANSimilarlookswiththeoldkeroseneones.

B、Fixedpriceof$30forallmodels.

C、Reliabletoworkwhenneeded.

D^Replaceablebatteries.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题：在原文的第四段和第五段，我们可以找到相关信息。A选项

和原文的“Thelanternsarcdesignedtolooklikethekeroseneonestheyarcreplacing”内

涵一致，不能作为反向选项的答案。B选项和原文的“costsanaverage$30,

althoughsomecost$100”不符，是我们需要寻找的答案。C选项和D选项则分别和

原文的“thelampscanberelied<>ontoworkwheneverneeded"和"canbereplacedonce

theylosetheirstoragecapacity”才目对应。

35、Whatdoestheauthorthinkaboutthefutureoftheprojectmentionedinthispassage?

A、Uncertain.

B>Optimistic.

C^Pessimistic.

D、Worried.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：作者观点态度题；在分析前4个题目所涉及的原文内容的基础上，我

们继续查看剩余部分，尤其是作者直接表明自己观点和态度的“Althoughitisbarely

outofitstrialperiodtheproject,Chabannesaidtherearesignstheprojectisaboonfor

thepopulation",我们可以知道，作者对于这一项目的未来还是比较乐观的，也就

是说B选项是正确选项。

Doyourchildrenlietoyouandtheirfriendsabouttheiractivitiesonline?Dotheyfeel

empty,depressedandirritablewhennotatthecomputer?Dotheyhaveproblemswith

schoolorwork,yettheyalwaysseemtofeelenergizedagainwhentheyareatthe

computerssurfingtheinternet?Ifyouanswered"yes"tooneorevenmoreoftheabove

questions,yourchildrenaresufferingfrominternetaddiction.Theamountoftimekids

spendonlineisasourceofheadachesformanyparents.Atfirst,parentswelcomedthe

Internetintotheirhomes,believingtheywereopeningupanexcitingnewworldof

educationalopportunitiesfortheirchildren.Butsoon,totheirdisappointment,insteadof

usingtheInternetforhomeworkorresearch,theirkidswerespendinghoursinstant

chattingwithfriends,playingonlinegamesoreventalkingtostrangersinchatrooms,

whichisposingrealdangerstothechildren.Maintainingahealthybalancebetween

entertainmentmediaandotheractivitiesinchildren'sliveshasalwaysbeenachallenge

forparents.TheInternethasmadethischallengeevenmoredifficult.Theengaging

natureofInternetcommunicationsandinteractivegamesmeansmanychildrenandteens

havetroublecontrollingthetimetheyspentonline.Unfortunately,parentsandteachers

donotrealizethatthereisaproblemuntilitbecomesserious.Tomakeitworse,Internet

addictionisnotwidelyrecognizedbythemedicalcommunity.(Mentalhealth

practitionerscontinuetodebatewhetherthisbehaviorisan"addiction/'withsome

preferringtoidentifyitas"behaviorcontrolproblems.Childrenandyoungpeoplecan

easilybecome"hocked"ononlineactivitiessuchasmulti-usergames,instantmessaging

withtheirpalsandchatrooms.Thechildrenmosteasilyinfluenced,accordingtothe

Computer-AddictionServicesatHarvardMedicalSchool,arethosewhoare"lonelyand

boredorfromfamilieswherenobodyisathometorelatetoafterschool."Childrenv/ho

areunpopularorshywithpeersareoftenattractedtotheopportunitiesforcreatingnew

identitiesinonlinecommunities.Boys,inparticular,arefrequentusersofonlinerole­

playinggames,wheretheyhavenewidentitiesandinteractwithotherplayers.Although

playingthesegameswiththousandsofotherusersmayappeartobeasocialactivity,for

thetroubledchildorteen,toomuchplayingcanfurtherseparatethemfromfriendsand

peers.

36、WhichoneofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasoneoftheactivitieschildrendoing

onlinethataregivingparentsheadaches?

A、Sendingandreceivingmessageswiththeirfriends.

B、Causingdangerstothecomputerswithviruses.

C、Chattingwithpeopletheydon'tknowinchatrooms.

D、Playinginternetgameswiththeircomputers.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题；原文的首段就提出了家长发现孩子们日益陷入网络之中，他

们从事的活动主要有"instantchattingwithfriends,playingonlinegamesoreven

talkingtostrangersinchatrooms,\对照选项，A、D和C这样的选项顺序是对原文

信息的逐个改写，B选项貌似原文中提到的“posingrealdangerstothechildren”这一

个信息点，但是其主语却搞错了，原文是说“聊天室聊天会对孩子造成威胁”，而不

是像选项中所说的那样“由于上网中病毒给电脑造成威胁”，该选项是在有意地曲解

原文的意思。

37、Whatisthe"challenge"theauthoristalkingaboutinparagraph2?

A、Childrentendtohavetoomuchentertainmentactivities.

B、Internetcommunicationsandinteractivegamesareabsorbingtoomuchtimeand

energyofthechildren.

C>Thechildrenplanedtheirtimeandactivitiesinahorribleway.

D、Toarrangethemediaentertainmentandotheractivitiesinareasonableway.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题；这里明确告诉我们是要考查原文第二段之中的challenge一

词，通过句子的分析就可以解决这个问题，原文中有这样一句话“Maintaininga

healthybalancebetweenentertainmentmediaandotheractivitiesinchildren'sliveshas

alwaysbeenachallengeforparents.这里的主语部分就是我们要寻找的答案，分

析句子可以发现，主语的核心部分是balance,要寻求一种平衡，一种在“娱乐媒

介”和“其他活动”之间的平衡，D选项和这样的意思不谋而合。A和C选项是在曲

解原文的意思，B选项的迷惑性相对较大，提到了网络游戏的问题，但从原文我们

可以看到，这些因素的谓语部分是“madethischallengeevenmoredifficult”,也就是

加重了这一问题，而不是问题本身。

38、Whatseemstomakethesituationofinternetaddictionworse?

A、Parentsandteachers'failuretobeawareofthisproblem.

B、Medicalhasn'tadvancedinsuchawaytotreattheproblemofinternetaddiction.

C、Behaviorcontrolproblemsdonotincludeinternetaddictionatcurrentclinicsand

hospitals.

D、Somedoctorstendtoexcludeinternetaddictionfromthe"addiction"lists.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题；题干的主体成分是“Whatmakesthesituationworse”从原文可

以看到“T。makeitworse”这样的同义表达，所以我冶需要找到的是和“Internet

addictionisnotwidelyrecognizedbythemedicalcommunity.”具有类似含义的句

子，选项中D具有这样的意思，为正确选项。A和原文中第三段首句的表达非常

类似，但这不是文章中所说的导致问题恶化的因素，十扰性比较大。B和C都是利

用原文的具体细节信息在借题发挥，他们分别在原文的“mcdica『和"behavior

controlproblems”的基础上进行偏离文章内容的肆意发挥，均为干扰选项，要排除

他们的难度不大。

39、Whoseemtobethegroupofchildrenthataremoreeasilytogetaddictedwith

internet?

A^Childrenwhoarepopularamongalotoffriends,becausetheyneedtocommunicate

withthemevenwhentheyareonline.

B、Childrenwhocomefrombigfamiliessincetheycangettheattentiontheydesirebut

failtogetfromreallife.

C^Childrenwhoarenotwelcomeamongpeerssinceonlinecommunicationandgames

cansatisfytheirneedsinawayreallifecannot.

D、Childrenwholiketoplaybasketball,footballandothersportsactivitiessinceonline

gamecanmakeallthesemorefascinating.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题；“Thechildrenmosteasilyinfluenced,accordingtothe

Computer-AddictionServicesatHarvardMedicalSchool,arethosewhoareltlone1yand

boredorfromfamilieswherenobodyisathometorelatetoafterschool.”这句话是该

题答案的参考出处，其主语部分就是我们题干的设问部分，而这个句子的后半部分

的骨干在“thosewhoare4lonelyandbored…部分，选项中的C符合这样的含义。其

他选项均是在文章中的细枝末节的细节信息点处进行随意发挥改写。

40、Whatgroupofpeopleisthispassageintendedtotalkto?

A、Parentsoftroubledchildren.

B、Troubledchildren.

C>Medicalpractitioners.

D、Computerandonlinegamesdesigners.

标准答案：

知识之解析A：主旨题的一种变形；询问考生文章针对怎样的人群来撰写，需要考生

在对文章的总体意思有准备把握的基础上做出正确的选择。但实际上，具体到这道

题目来说，难度并不大，因为文章从一开始就反复提到了yourchildren,明显是针

对孩子的父母这样一个群体来写的，A为正确答案，

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题7.0分，共

5分。）

HERE'SATALEOFTWOCOMPANIES.Bothareforeignowned,bothareembroiled

inscandalsareforeignowned,bothareembroiledinscandalsinvolvingallegationsof

sexualharassment.CompanyAisconfrontedwiththeproblemandpunishestopexecs.

CompanyBstonewallsandmountsanaggressivecampaigntodiscredititsaccusersand

portrayitselfasavictimofcorporateslander.（41）Forbusinessschoolslookingforafew

goodcasestudiesindamagecontrol,lastweekwasaboutasgoodasitgets.Onewas

SwedishpharmaceuticalscompanyAstraUSA,amakerofasthmamedicationsandthe

popularanestheticXylocaine.Facingsimilarcharges,MitsubishiMotormanufacturingof

Americaoptedforinyour-facedenial.Whodiditright?It'stoosoontoknowforsure.

Astra'sstrategymayseemsmarter.Financiallyspeaking,atleast,onecansecwhy

Mitsubishiisreluctanttoissueapublicmeaculpa.Fessingupcouldexposeittoasmuch

as$200millionindamages.Suchcontroversiesarcnoraritythesedays.TheEqual

EmploymentOpportunitycommissionalonereceivedmorethan15,000complaintsof

sexualharassmentlastyear,morethantwiceasmanyasin1991.Itssuitagainst

Mitsubishi,filedlastmonth,mayturnouttobebyfarthebiggestever-andcould

eventuallyinvolveasmanyastwothirdsofthecompany's900femaleworkers.(42)

Mitsubishi'sresponsewasclearfromthebeginning.WhentheEEOCannounceditscase

againsttheIllinoisautomaker,thecompanydispatchedbusloadsofworkerstopicketthe

agency'sChicagooffices.AttorneysforMitsubishiwillnodoubtprobetheprivatelives

ofthewomenlodgingcomplaints,andmayevenaccusethemof"Japanbashing."

Mitsubishi'sbrassinTokyoseemedabittakenaback