考博英语模拟试卷213

考博英语模拟试卷213

一、词汇（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

1、HeworkedasabuilderinLondonandhalfhismonthlywagetohisfamilyin

thePhilippines.

A、refunded

B>reposed

C、remitted

D、rebuffed

标准答案：C

知识点解析：refund是“退还，偿还“，如：refundone'smoney退钱。repose是“放

置，把（如信任）置于“：remit是“汇、寄（款）等“：rebuff是“断然地拒绝（常带有蔑视

地广。句子的大意是：“他在伦敦当建筑工人，并把每半月的工资寄回菲律宾的

家△”

2、Inaboldpromotionalforthemovie,hesmashedhiscarintoapassingtruck.

A、aerobics

B、adobe

C>sod

D、stunt

标准答案：D

知识点解析：aerobics是“增氧健身法（指跑步、游泳等增强心肺循环功能的运

动广；adobe是“砖坯，土砖”；sod是“草地”；slum指“花招，噱头,为作宣传而做

的不同寻常的东西根据句子大意，正确选项应是slunt.

3、ThestadiumhasbeenspecificallydesignedasaforEuropeanCupmatches.

A、vet

B、verdure

C>venue

D、venison

标准答案：C

知识点解析:vet是“兽医”;verdure是“新鲜；欣欣向荣或茂盛的状况”,to：the

vciduicufdiildhoud童年时期的朝气蓬勃；venue是“大型集会的地点”；venison是

“野味，鹿肉句子大意是：“这个运动场是专门为欧洲杯的比赛而设计兴建的。”

4、Sheatthethoughtofpickingupthedeadanimal.

A、whined

B、blenched

C^wreathed

D^sapped

标准答案：B

知识点解析：whine是“报怨，哭诉，发牢骚，、blench是“畏缩，退缩"，如：She

blenchedbeforeheraccuser.她在（她的）指控者面前畏缩了;wreathe是“环绕,盘

旋”；sap是“挖掘坑道；通过坑道接近敌人阵地”。根据句子大意“她一想到要捡动

物尸体就退缩了“，只有blench符合。

5、Ihreedinosaurshavealreadybeenfoundonthesite.

A、evacuated

excavated

C、exhaled

D、exhorted

标准答案：B

知识点解析：evacuated撤退者的，抽空的；excavated开凿的，发掘的；exhale”呼

（气），放出（蒸汽）；exhorie劝诫，忠告。句子大意是：”在挖掘现场发现了三具恐龙

骸骨。”

6、TheCityofLondonistheofBritain'sfinancialworld.

A、hubbub

B、huff

C、hue

D、hub

标准答案：D

知识点解析：hub是“中心，焦点”，句子大意是：“伦敦是英国的金融中

心。"hubbub嘈杂声，喧哗；huff一阵恼怒或烦恼；hue色调，样子，色彩。根据

句子大意,应该选huh.

7、Sometimesmyhusbandsoloudly,itkeepsmeawakeatnight.

A、snarls

snores

C、snorts

D、smolders

标准答案：B

知识点解析：snarl咆哮，吼叫；snore打鼾；snort（表示不同意、轻蔑等的）喷鼻

息：（轻蔑、愤怒时）高声大笑；smoulder潜伏。只有snore是正确选项。

8、Hehadaandrushedoutofthekitchenjustbeforeanexplosionwreckedit.

A、probity

B、progenitor

C^premonition

D、preponderance

标准答案：C

知识点解析：probity正直；progenitor祖先，起源；preponderanceMM,力量，重

要性或影响力方面的优势；符合本句的是premonition“对未来的不祥预感，预

兆”。

9、Shewentintoadeepaftertakinganoverdoseofsleepingpills.

A、canon

cannon

C、comma

D、coma

标准答案：D

知识点解析：canon是“教会法，教规“；cannon是“大炮；机关炮"；comma是“逗

点，逗号”；coma是“昏迷”。句子大意是：“服用了过量的安眠药以后她陷入了深

深的昏迷。”

10、Thedoctorhitmejustbelowthekneetotestmy.

A、influxes

B、inflows

C、flexes

D、reflexes

标准答案：A

知识点解析：influx流入，注入，如：aninfluxofforeigncapital外国资金的流入；

inflow流入物，如：aninflowofinformation信息流入；flex弯曲活动；reflex反射

动作，如testthereflexes测验反射动作。

11、TheCanadianflaghasaleafonit.

A、mane

B>margarine

C、maple

D、mango

标准答案：C

知识点解析：mane鬃毛；margarine人造黄油；maple枫树；mango芒果。结合常

识，只有maple是正确选项。句子大意：加拿大国旅上有枫叶的图案。

12、Thecompanyhasbeenforcedto200employeesduetofinancialproblems.

A、dilapidate

B、tarry

C^sprawl

D、jettison

标准答案：D

知识点解析：dilapida侬使）损毁或部分毁坏，坍塌；larry暂时地停留或驻留；

sprawl四肢摊开懒散地舒展开身体；jettison抛弃，丢弃。

13、Theonabanknoteisvirtuallyinvisibleonaflatsurface.

A、watermelon

B、watershed

C、waterproof

D、watermark

标准答案：D

知识点解析：watermelon西瓜；watershed分水岭；waterproof雨衣；watermarkzK

印。根据句子的含义，只能选walermark.

14、Thecaptainwastosergeantforfailingtofulfillhisduties.

A、regulated

B、promoted

C>deregulated

D、demoted

标准答案：D

知识点解析：demote意为“使降级，使降职”，如：bedemotedfromcaptainto

lieutenant；统领降为副手；regulate管制，控制；promote促进，发扬，提升；

deregulate解除管制。

15、Whileinadrunkenhebecameabusiveandviolentandhadtoberestrained

byhotelstaff.

A、stole

B、stutter

C、sty

D、stupor

标准答案：D

知识点解析：stoic女用披肩，长巾；stutter口吃，结结巴巴；sly猪栏，猪圈；

stupor昏迷,恍惚。

16、Thecompanywillhavetobeifitfailstosecurenewloansbytheendofthe

month.

A、edified

B、telecast

C^liquidated

D、ambled

标准答案：C

知识点解析：edify启发；telecast用电视播放；liquidate清偿（债务、索赔或义务）；

amble缓步，慢行。

17、Althoughhermindwasina,shetriedtoslaycalmfbrthesakeofher

children.

A^solace

B、yew

C、capillary

D、turmoil

标准答案：D

知识点解析：lurmoil完全混乱或极端骚动的状态，如：acountryinturmoilover

laborstrikes处于工人罢工造成的动乱中的国家;solace安慰,如:Theinvalidbund

solaceinmusic.那病人从音乐中得到安慰；yew紫杉，红豆杉；capillary毛细管。

18、Themeaningofsomeformsofwritingisnotalwayswellunderstoodto-day.

A、archaic

B>quaint

C、titanic

D、mercantile

标准答案：A

知识点解析：archaic古老的，古代的，陈旧的：quaint离奇有趣的，做得很精巧

的；titanic力大无比的；mercantile贸易的,商业的。根据句子的意思,archaic是

正确答案。

19、Therebelarmyisattemptingtothegovernment,

christen

B、subvert

C、concoct

D、harrow

标准答案：B

知识点解析：subvert毁灭彻底地破坏,摧毁；christen命名为；concoct调制;

harrow伤害，使苦恼。只有subvert符合句子的含义。

20、Thebookwouldhavebeenmoreusefulifaoftechnicaltermsand

abbreviationhadbeenincluded.

A、gibbon

B、glut

C、glucose

D、glossary

标准答案：D

知识点解析：glossary术语表；gibbon长臂猿；glut是供应过剩，充斥；glucose葡

萄糖。

二、阅读理解（本题共30题，每题1.0分，共30分。）

Aswomendemonstrateagrowingappetiteforconsumertechproducts,retailersand

manufacturersarestillonlybeginningtocatertothispotentiallyhugereservoirof

customers.High-techbusinessesandelectronicsretailersarechangingstoredesigns,

increasingtheirmarketingtowardwomen,focusingongadgetaccessoriesandboosting

advertisinginwomen'smagazines—allinapitchtogetwomentowalktheaislesand

walkoutwithcellphones,MP3playersandplasmatelevisions.Todrawwomenin,

storeshavebeenturningdownthemusic,changingthecolorschemesandaddingstaff

trainedtomeetwomen'sneeds.RadioShackhasgussiedupitsgrayandblackdecorwith

brightpurple,orangeandgreenatitsnewerstores.Aisleshavebeenwidenedandthe

productarrangementsredonetomaketheplacelooklesslikeaclutteredelectronics

hardwarestore.Thecompanyalsohasputmorewomenonthesalesfloor."Thestore

doesn'tfeellikeamen'sclubanymore,"saidCharlesHodges,aspokesmanforRadio

Shack."Nowwomencanwalkinandbehelpedbywomenjustasknowledgeableas

guys."Mosttechnologymanufacturershavefewwomenamongtheirtopexecutives,and

thattranslatesintothekindsofproductsontheshelvesandthewaytheyaremarketed,

accordingtoQuinlan,authorof"JustAskaWoman-crackingtheCodeofWhatWomen

WantandHowTheyBuy".Fewdevices-iPodsandPalmhandheldcomputersareamong

theexceptions-lapintoawoman'ssenseofstyle,shesaid."Designiskey-attractive,

holdable,showabledesign."shesaid.Womenoftenareswayedtobuyaproductfor

reasonsfardifferentthanthosethatdrivemen.Theywillchooseagadgetnotbecause

theywanttobeapioneerbutbe-causetheyandtheirfriendshavediscoveredthe

usefulnessofthething."Wheremenliketobetheonlyonewithaproduct,womenliketo

bringmoreofherfriendsintotheirfind-theywanttosharethegoodnewsofwhat's

workingforthem,"Quinlansaid.Butfriendsarconlyoneofthewaysthatwomenarc

discoveringwhat'simportanttothemwhenitcomestotech.There'salsoagrowing

numberofoutsideinfluences-product-specificortrendarticlesinmagazinesthattarget

womenofallages,forexample.Recently,RadioShackworkedwithSeventeen

magazines—knownforitsfashion,beautyandrelationshipfeaturesforyoungwomen-on

astoryaboutMP3players.

21、What'sthemainideaofthepassage?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：这篇文章的大意在第1段有所透露。当女性逐渐显露出对高科技产品

的喜爱时，销售商和制造商们只是刚刚着手迎合这个拥有巨大潜力的消费市场。下

面的内容就是他们为迎合女性消费市场所作的改变。

22、Theexpression"reservoirofcustomers"(Line2,Para.)mostprobablyrefersto

标准答案：B

知识点解析；当女性逐渐显露出对高科技产品的喜爱时，销售商和制造商们只是刚

刚着手迎合这个拥有巨大潜力的消费市场。potentiallyhugereservoirofcustomers是

关键。既然女性显露出了对产品的喜爱，市场潜力会很大。因此答案是B。

23、Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassagetobehelpfultoattractthe

femaleconsumers?

标准答案：C

知识点露析•：文中提到了一些商人们用来招揽女性顾客采用的方法。只有C“私人

导购员”是文中没有提到的，因此正确答案是C。

24、Bysaying"Designiskey-attractive,holdable,showabledesign.HQuinlanmeans

标准答案：D

知识点解析：这是Quinlan说起公司高层中女性决策者很少导致产品的设计不符合

女性消费者的口味，推广产品的方式不注意吸引女性顾客时提到的一句话.因此浏

览一下四个选项发现D是Quinlan的本意。

25、Womenareswayedtobuyaproductprobablybecause.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在文章最后一段，做者提到了几个原因。而女性则更愿意将她们的发

现告诉自己的朋友—她们乐意分享自己正在使用的产品的信息。因此女性在购物

时会受到朋友的影响；圈子以外的影响指的是杂志上刊登的产品介绍或关于流行趋

势的文章。因此选项A说“朋友提供了太多令人眼花缭乱的信息”是正确的。

Bedbugs,stealthyandfast-movingnocturnalcreaturesthatwereallbuteradicatedby

DDTafterWorldWarII,haverecentlybeenfoundinhospitalmaternitywards,private

schoolsandevenaplasticsurgeon'swaitingroom.Bedbugsarebackandspreadinglikea

swarmoflocustsonalushfieldofwheat."ICsbecominganepidemic,"saidJeffrey

Eisenberg,theownerofPestAwayExterminating,abusinessthatreceivesabout125

bedbugcallsaweek,comparedwithjustahandfulfiveyearsago.Lastyearthecity

logged377bedbugviolations,upfromjust2in2002and16in2003.SinceJuly,there

havebeen449."It'sdefinitelyafast-emergingproblem,"saidCarolAbrams,

spokeswomanforthecityhousingagency.Inthebedbugresurgence,entomologistsand

exterminatorsblameincreasedimmigrationfromthedevelopingworld,theadventof

cheapinternationaltravelandtherecentbanningofpowerfulpesticides.Otherculprits

includetherecycledmattressindustryandthosethriftycitizenswhorevelinthe

discoveryofafreesofaonthesidewalk.Unlikemiceandroaches,whichareabettedby

filthysurroundings,bedbugsdojustfineinawell-scrubbedhome.Andtheydon'tdv/ell

justinmattressesandboxsprings:anywallorfloorcrack-thethicknessofaplaying

card-canaccommodateabedbug.Themodernbedbugisimmunetoinsecticides,and

settingoffacockroachbombinthebedroomwillonlyscatterthemfartherafield.And

becausetheyareactiveonlyatnight,manypeopledon'tdiscoverthemuntiltheir

populationhasgrownintothehundreds,oreventhousands.Exterminatorsrecommend

baggingandwashingeverybitofclothingandfabricintheroomandtakingapartbureau

drawersandbedframesinpreparationfortheapplicationoffourkindsofchemicals.The

processoftenneedstoberepeated.Worstofall,bedbugsuffererssay,isthestigmaof

livingwithaninsectthatfeedsonblood—thoughitdoesnottransmitdisease-andleaves

behindatrailofredbumps.Ininterviewswithmorethanadozenbedbugsufferers,only

ahandfulwouldspeakontherecord,sayingtheyfearedthecondemningglaresof

neighborsortheshunningofco-workers.Abedbuginfestation,manysay,putsastrain

onrelationships,allbutrulingoutstayingthenight.KellianneScanlan,30,ahairstylist

wholivesinWashingtonHeights,hasbeenlivinglikeanomadsincelastmonth."Mylife

hasbecomeallaboutbedbugs."shesaid.Tocalmherfriendsandtoensurethatshedoes

notspreadthebugs,shetakesanextrasetofclothingandchangeswhenshearrivesat

theirhomesforovernightvisits.

26、What'sthemainideaoftheopeningparagraph?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：从第1段我们得知：近来，一些地方乂出现了臭虫。下面通过一些数

据，引用一些人物的话表明人们近来为臭虫所苦的情况。B“臭虫再次出现，情况

严重，令人烦恼”是对第1段的正确描述，因此正确答案是B。

27、Whatshouldnotbeblamedfortheresurgenceofbedbugs?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：文章分析臭虫出现的原因时引用了昆虫学家和杀虫专家的

话：...bedbugsdojustfineinawell-scrubbedhome(臭虫在干净的地方也能生活得很

好).只有D与原文不符。家庭和公共环境的脏乱不是造成臭虫再现的原因。

28、Bysaying"bedbugsdojustfineinawell-scrubbedhome"(Lines5-6,Para.2)the

authorsuggests.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：参见42题解析。作者在文中是想说即使把房子打扫得很干净，也不

一定能赶走臭虫，因此对付臭虫是很困难的。肯定不是建议大家不要打扫了；介绍

臭虫的习性也显然不是作者的根本目的。

29、Thebedbugvictimshatetospeakpubliclymostprobablybecause.

标准答案：c

知识点解析：文章最后一段提到原因：害怕邻居们谴责的目光和同事刻意的回避。

C“他们害怕别人的疏远”是原文中fearedshunningofco-workers的转述，是正确

的。

30、BymentioningKellianneScanlantheauthorwantstotellus.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：文章最后一段举了KellianneScanlan的例子：由于家里出现了臭虫，

自从上个月以来她过得就像个流浪者；在朋友家过夜时不得不多准备一套换洗衣

服，造成了精神上的痛苦。那么我们来看四个选项。A”精神上的伤害”也许是臭虫

问题中最严重的后果。臭虫在干净的地方都可以生存，所以经常换衣服并不一定能

够防止臭虫的传播，因此正确答案是A。

Anethicscrisisatoneoftheworld'smostsuccessfulhumanembryonicstemcell

laboratorieshasplungedthecontroversialfieldofresearchintoanewswirlof

uncertainty.TheaccusationssurroundingKoreancloningexpertWooSukHwangof

SeoulNationalUniversity-thefirstscientisttogrowstemcellsinsideclonedhuman

embryos—hasalreadykilledaspateofplannedstudies(hatsoughttoprovethecells1

medicalpotential.TheclaimsthatHwangmayhaveobtainedhumaneggsforhisstudies

fromwomenwhofeltpressuredtodonatearealsoreignitingalong-smolderingdebatein

theUnitedStatesovertheethicsofpayingyoungwomenfortheireggs,whichare

difficulttoobtainbutessentialtotheproductionofstemcellstailoredtoindividuals.Egg

donation,whichisgenerallysafebutoccasionallyleadstoseriousandevenlife­

threateningcomplications,hasbeenawedgeissueinthestemcelldebates,linking

feministsandotherliberalthinkerstoconservativeswhofavortighterlimitsonstemcell

research."We'reindangerofmakingwomenintoguineapigsforthisresearcheven

beforethereareanytreatmentstobetested,"saidMarcyDarnovsky,associatedirectorof

theCenterforGeneticsandSocietyinOakland,Calif."Wereallyneedclearrulesthat

someoneisenforcing."Withcurrenttechniques,ittakesdozensofeggstomakeasingle

clonedhumanembryo,whichisdestroyedintheprocessofextractingthestemcells.

Thatmeansthatifthefieldoftherapeuticcloningistoadvance-afieldinvolvingthe

creationofclonedembryosassourcesofstemcellsthatwouldbegeneticallymatchedto

particularpatients-asignificantnumberofeggswillbeneededbothtofueltheinitial

researchandeventuallytosatisfythedemandsofpatients.ScientistsatAdvancedCell

TechnologyofWorcester,Mass.,madethedecisiontopaywomenonlyafteralong

analysisbyanethicsboardcreatedbythecompany,saidscientificdirectorRobertLanza.

Hestillthinksitistherightwaytogo,Lanzasaid,giventhepainfulinjectionsinvolved,

theuncomfortableeggsuctionprocedure,andtheapproximately5percentchanceofa

seriouscaseofhormonalover-stimulation,whichcanrequirehospitalization.Otherssay

suchpaymentscannothelpbutbecoercive,especiallyforpoorwomenwhomightfeel

compelledtotakeonthoserisksjusttomakeendsmeet.InApril,theNational

Academies,charteredbyCongresstoadvisethenationonmattersofscience,releaseda

reportthatrecommendedagainstpaymentsforhumaneggsbeyondexpensesincurredby

thedonors,inpartbecauseofthe'Sensitivities"inherentinthecreationofembryos

destinedfordestruction.Butthereport'simpactremainsuncertainasresearch

institutions,fertilityclinicsandthebiggestwildcardofthemall-Congress—mullthe

Academies'findings.

31、Whatcanwclearnfromtheopeningparagraph?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这篇文章的第1段告诉我们一个干细胞实验室里发生的一些事情引起

了大家的关注和辩论。一位韩国科学家受到的指控带来了一系列的后果。B对

Hwang的起诉再次掀起了美国国内的一场辩论。文中对应的信息是：Theclaimsare

alsoreignitingalong-smolderingdebateintheUnitedStates,因此是正确的答案。

32、Whatcanwelearnabouttheeggdonation?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：文章第2段介绍了一些关于eggdonalion的知识，在文章的其他部分

也简单提到了一-些。D卵细胞的捐献对干细胞的研究很重要的原因是因为它很稀

少。卵细胞是培育人体胚胎的必要物质，没有卵细胞就不可能有人体胚胎。它的重

要性是在这，而不是因为它很稀少。因此这道题的答案是B。

33、Theword"wedge"(Line2,Para.2)mostprobablymeans.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：如果辩论中的一个话题是非常有说服力的，或者一个转折点，或者有

致命缺陷，那么根本就为不成一个辩论的条件了，因此只有C“一个原因”，一个会

引发一场辩论的原因才是符合逻辑的。

34、Theexpression"thebiggestwildcard"(Lastsentence,Para.3)mostprobablymeans

标准答案：A

知识点解析：整句话是这样的：研究机构、生育诊所还有它们中最不可预知想法的

机构—国会—还在思考研究这一决定。因此这项报告会带来什么样的影响还不

确定。因此答案是A。

35、Fromthepassagewecaninferthat.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：A项“科学家付给卵细胞捐献者的将会超过采集的必要费用”在文中有

明确的说法。D项“Hwang的问题很有可能延缓干细胞的研究”在文章第1段就有了

描述，已经扼杀了一些计划中的实验。因此完全可以推断干细胞的研究会因此延缓

下来，故答案是D。

Morethan11,000trafficlightsand"Don'tWalk"signalsinNewYorkCityhavebeen

switchedtolight-emittingdiodesthatuse90percentlessenergythanconventional

fixtures.Morethan180,000energy-guzzlingrefrigeratorsinpublichousingprojectshave

beenreplacedwithnewonesthatuseaquarterofthepoweroftheoldones.Foryears,

NewYorkhasbeenthecitythatnotonlyneversleeps,butthecitythathardlyever

rememberstoturnthelightsout.Onthecoldestdaysofwinter,NewYorkersraisetheir

windowstoletouttheheat.Inthedogdaysofsummer,ahuskycouldfreezeintheopen

doorwayofaFifthAvenueboutique.Butnow,measureslikemoreefficienttrafficlights

andrefrigeratorsarespeedingupalongtrendmakingNewYorkoneofthemostenergy­

efficientcitiesinthenation—andofficialsincitieslikePortlandandSeattlethatmight,in

thepublicmind,seemmoreenvironmentallyconsciousaretakingnotice.Thoughthe

savingsrepresentjustapoiliunofthe5billionkilowall-houisofclectiicitydieentirecity

usesinayear,theinnovationandeaseoftheefficiencymeasureshaveattractedattention.

NewYork'senergydietisbasedonasimpleformula-ablendoflocallegislation,state

assistanceandanawarenessofthecity'sownpositionasan800-poundgorillainthe

energymarket."Eventuallywhathappensherestartstohap-penaroundthecountry,'said

AshokGupta,directoroftheairandenergyprogramfortheNaturalResourcesDefense

Council."ThemarketthatNewYorkersprovideisclearlyanimportantfactorinmoving

therestofthecountry.That'sthewaymarketswork."Andthatmarketdynamichelps

makeNewYorkanenergyefficiencylaboratory.Environmentalgroupsexpendmuchof

theirownenergytohelpshapelegislationinNewYorkbecausetheyrealizethatitisan

efficientwaytokick-startnationalprograms.ManufacturersarealsoattunedtoNew

York'slatesttrendsandneedsbecausethemarketissimplytoobigtoignore."What's

differenthereisthatwearepromotingtheideaofenergyefficiency,usinglessenergy

andnotnecessarilysayingthatanyonehastodowithout,"saidEugeneW.Zehman,

presidentoftheNewYorkPowerAuthority."Ifweuseenergymorewiselytherewillbe

moreenergyforpeopletoconsumeandlessenergyforustoproduce.""Countertov/hat

mostnon-NewYorkersmightthink,NewYorkisaveryprogressivecitylorgreen

building,"saidJimHimes,directoroftheEnterpriseFoundationofficeinNewYork.The

masstransitsystem,niultifamilyhousing,mixedneighborhoodsandthefactthat

developmentsnevergouponvirginlandanymore,allmakebuildinginNewYorkvery

energy-efficient."It^easiertobegreenhere."Mr.Himessaid.

36WhichonecanbestdescribesNewYork'spublicimage?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：在文章的第1段里作者举了冬天和夏天纽约市浪费资源的例子，非常

生动。因此纽约市的形象几年来就是浪费资源。故选A。

37、WhatcanwelearnaboutthemeasurestakeninNewYork?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：A项在文章中有所体现：Thoughthesavings...haveattracted

attention.广泛之说源于：政府官员AshokGupta,Environmentalgroupsft

Manufacturers都表示出了极大的兴趣。因此本题的答案是A。

38、Thestatement"an800-poundgorilla"(Line5,Para.2)impliesthat.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：结合第1段的内容，纽约浪费资源的现象很严重，因此我们判断这是

在形容纽约的能源消耗力。因此本题的答案是B。

39、WhichoneisWRONGaboutthemarketthatNewYorkersprovide?

标准答案：D

知识点解析：在文章里有这样一句话：ThemarketthatNewYorkersprovideis

clearlyanimportantfactorinmovingtherestofthecountry.说明纽约市采取T措施之

后出现了一种市场。考的就是对于这个市场的理解。D是针对文中：这种市场上的

活跃也帮助纽约变成了一个节约能源的实验室。因此本题的答案是Do

40、InordertobegreenNewYorkwill.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：A、B、D都只是流于表面，而没有深入理解绿色节能的含义。因此

只有C采取更多节能措施是正确而全面的理解。木题的答案是Co

MorethanayearhaspassedsincethespaceshuttleColumbiabrokeintopiecesover

centralTexas.ThispastJanuaryPresidentBushannouncedalong-termprogramofspace

explorationthatwouldreturnhumanbeingstotheMoon,andthereaftersendthemto

Marsandbeyond.Asthismagazine(NaturalHistory)goestopress,thetwinMars

ExplorationRovers,SpiritandOpportunity,arewowingthescientistsandengineersat

therovers'birthplace-NASA'sJetPropulsionLaboratory(JPL)-withtheirskillsas

roboticfieldgeologists.JPL'sofficialroverWebsiteisbeingstampededbyvisitors.The

confluenceoftheseandothereventsresurrectsaperennialdebate:withtwoshuttle

failuresoutof112missions,andtheastronomicalexpenseofthemannedspaceprogram,

cansendingpeopleintospacebejustified,orshouldrobotsdothejobalone?Modern

societieshavebeensendingrobotsintospacesince1957,andpeoplesince1961.Factis,

it'svastlycheapertosendrobots:inmostcases,afiftieththecostofsendingpeople.

Robotsdon'tmuchcarehowhotorcoldspacegets;givethemthefightlubricants,and

they'lloperateinavastrangeoftemperatures.Theydon'tneedelaboratelife-support

systems,either.Robotscanspendlongperiodsoftimemovingaroundandamongthe

planets,moreorlessunfazedbyionizingradiation.Theydonotlosebonemassfrom

prolongedexposuretoweightlessness,because,ofcourse,theyareboneless.Youdon't

evenhavetofeedthem.Bestofall,oncethey'vefinishedtheirjobs,ihcywon'tcomplain

ifyoudon'tbringthemhome.Butthere'saflipsidetothisargument.Backinthelate

1960sandearly1970s,inthedaysofNASA*smannedApolloflightstotheMoon,no

robotcoulddecidewhichpebblestopickupandbringhome.ButwhentheApollo17

astronautHarrisonSchmitt,theonlygeologisttohavewalkedontheMoon,noticedsome

odd,orangeandblacksoilonthelunarsurface,heimmediatelycollectedasample.It

turnedouttobeminutebeadsofvolcanicglass.Todayarobotcanperformstaggering

chemicalanalysesandtransmitamazinglydetailedimages,butitstillcan'treact,as

Schmittdid,toasurprise.Bycontrast,packedinsidethe150-poundmechanismofafield

geologistarethecapacitiestowalk,run,dig,hammer,see,communicate,interpret,and

invent.Andofcoursewhensomethinggoeswrong,anon-the-spothumanbeingbecomes

arobot'sbestfriend.AfterlandingonMarsthispastJanuary3,didtheSpiritroverjust

rollrightoffitslanderplatformandstartcheckingouttheneighborhood?No,itsair-bags

wereblockingthepath.NotuntilJanuary15didSpirit'sremotecontrollersman-ageto

getallsixofitswheelsrollingonMartiansoil.AnyoneonthesceneonJanuary3could

havejustliftedtheairbagsoutofthewayandgivenSpiritalittleshove.

41、Theword''stampeded1'(Line7,Para.)mostprobablymeans.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这个单词与上文的联系非常紧密。上文提到：美国国家航空和宇宙航

空局推进技术实验室，科学家和工程师正在为它们具备了机器人地质学家资格而欢

呼。后面紧接着提到网站也被访问着。我们可以了解人们对于航天计划的关注，还

由此引发了讨论，但是人们并不是反对或者仇恨这项计划，因此可以判断出JPL

的网站被点击的频率很高，而不是被黑客攻击或被关闭，更不是有意不去关注。因

此本题的答案是B。

42、WhichoneisNOTthefactorleadingtothepublicdebate?

标准答案：B

知识点解析：在第1段中有这样一句话：Theconfluenceoftheseandothercvcnls

resurrectsaperennialdebate.关键在于these和olherevents是指什么。文章一开头

就提到了哥伦比亚号航天飞船的失事，以及另一项长期的太空探险计划。因此本题

的答案是B。

43、Whysomepeopledon'tagreetosendrobotsintospace?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：在文章的第2段作者说明了送机器人上太空的种种好处。在第3段说

明还是有人不认同第2段的观点，然后举例说明为什么有人不赞同送机器人上太

空。选项A”宇航员可以对无法预料的情况做出反应”，这与原文相对应，因此本题

的答案是A。

44、BymentioningtheSpiritroveronJanuary3theauthormeans.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：作者在最后一段举例：勇气号着陆火星后，因为安全气袋遮住了视

线，因此没有及时开展工作，并声称任何一个人类在那时都会帮它一把。是想说明

如果人类和机器人同时被送上太空，研究工作会更加有效率。因此本题的答案是

Do

45、Whichofthefollowingcanbestserveasthetitleofthepassage?

标准答案：A

知识点解析：通读全文我们发现文中自始至终都在就送谁上太空的问题展开讨论，

因此A是正确的答案。

Althoughsolutionstoaproblemareoftenthe.fruitofdirectinvestmentsintargeted

research,themostrevolutionarysolutionstendtoemergefromcross-pollinationwith

otherdisciplines.MedicalinvestigatorsmightneverhaveknownofXrays,sincetheydo

notnaturallyoccurinbiologicalsystems.Ittookaphysicist,WilhelmConradRontgen,to

discoverthem-lightraysthatcouldprobethebody'sinteriorwithnaryacutfroma

surgeon.Here'samorerecentexampleofcross-pollination.SoonaftertheHubbleSpace

TelescopewaslaunchedinApril1990,NASAengineersrealizedthatthetelescope's

primarymirror-whichgathersandreflectsthelightfromcelestialobjectsintoitscameras

andspeclrographs-hadbeengroundtoanincorrectshape.Inotherwords,thebillion-and-

a-half-dollartelescopewasproducingfuzzyimages.Asiftomakelemonadeoutof

lemons,though,computeralgorithmscametotherescue.Investigatorsdevelopedarange

ofcleverandinnovativeimage-processingtechniquestocompensateforsomeof

Hubble'sshortcomings.Turnsout,maximizingtheamountofinformationthatcouldbe

extractedfromablurryastronomicalimageistechnicallyidenticaltomaximizingthe

amountofinformationthatcanbeextractedfromamammogram.Soonthenew

techniquescameintocommonusefordetectingearlysignsofbreastcancer.In1997,for

Hubble'ssecondservicingmission,shuttleastronautsswappedinabrand-new,high-

resolutiondigitaldetector-designedtothedemandingspecsofastronomerswhosecareers

arebasedonbeingabletoseesmall,dimthingsinthecosmos.Thattechnologyisnow

incorporatedinaminimallyinvasive,low-costsystemfordoingbreastbiopsies,thenext

stageaftermainmogranisintheearlydiagnosisofcancer.Today,cross-pollination

betweenscienceandsocietycomesaboutwhenyouhaveamplefundingforambitious,

long-termprojects.Americahasprofitedimmenselyfromagenerationofscientistsand

engineerswho,insteadofbecominglawyersorinvestmentbankers,respondedtoa

challengingvisionposedin1961byPresidentJohnF.Kennedy."Weintendtolanda

manontheMoon,"proclaimedKennedy,welcomingthecitizenrytoaidintheelion.

Thatgeneration,andtheonethatfollowed,wasthesamegenerationoftechnologistswho

inventedthepersonalcomputer.BillGates,co-founderofMicrosoft,wasthirteenyears

oldwhentheU.S.landedanastronautontheMoon;SteveJobs,co-founderofApple

Computer,wasfourteen.ThePCdidnotarisefromthemindofabankerorartistor

professionalathlete.Itwasinventedanddevelopedbyatechnicallytrainedworkforce,

whohadrespondedtothedreamunfurledbeforethem,andwerethrilledtobecome

scientistsandengineers.

46、Theword"cross-pollination"(Line2,Para.)denotes.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：原句是：虽然问题的解决总是直接投资在目标领域的成果，但是大多

数创新性的解决方法却来自于其他学科的交叉影响。因此我们首先判断cross-

pollination是一个有益的事物。C”不同学科间的相互促进“，stimulating的用法符合

文意，因此本题的答案是C。

47>Bysaying"Asiftomakelemonadeoutoflemons,though,computeralgorithms

cametotherescue."(Line5,Para.2)theauthormeansthat.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这是科学家发现了哈勃望远镜的问题之后做出的反应。B“科学家没

有向困难屈服，而是试图解决这个问题“与原文中computeralgorithmscametothe

rescue不符。因此本题的答案是B。

48、AccordingtothepassagewhichisNOTtheexampleofcross-pollination?

标准答案：C

知识点解析：文章中有明显的文字告诉我们cross-pollinalion的实例。从第1段、

第2段、第3段我们一一对应加以判断即可。这四个选项都是文章中提到的。但是

由于选项中有一个ist。指定了影响与被影响的关系，因此我们可以判断C是一个

与文章反向的描述：不是由于技术专家才使得人类可以登上月球；正确的关系是，

由于人们有了送人类上月球的想法，才造就了技术专家一代。

49、BymentioningthePCtheauthorwants