考研英语模拟试卷230

考研英语模拟试卷230

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。）

Everybodydances.Ifyouhave(1)swervedtoavoidsteppingonacrackinthe

sidewalk,youhavedanced.Ifyouhaveeverkneeledtopray,youhavedanced.Forthese

actionshavefiguredimportantly(2)thehistoryofdance.Dancegoes(3)to

thebeginningsofcivilization—(4)thetribe—wherenativesdancedtoget(5)

theywanted.Primitivedancewas(6)allpractical,notthesocialdancingweknow

today.Nativesapproacheddancewith(7)seriousnessasawaytohelpthetribein

thecrucialprocess(8)survival.Dancewasbelievedtobethe(9)directway

torepellocusts,to(10)raintofall,toinsurethatamaleheirwouldbeborn,and

(11)guaranteevictoryinaforthcomingbattle.Primitive(12)wasgenerally

donebymanypeoplemovinginthesamemanneranddirection.(13)alldances

hadleaders,solodances(14)rare.Muchusewasmadeof(15)partofthe

body.Andso(16)werethesetribaldancesthat,ifanative(17)missasingle

step,hewouldbeputtodeath(18)thespot.Fortunately,thesamerigid(19)

thatgovernedthelivesofthesepeopledonotapplyinthe(20)relaxedsettingsof

today'sdiscotheques.

1、Everybodydances.Ifyouhave(1)swervedtoavoidsteppingonacrackinthe

sidewalk,youhavedanced.Ifyouhaveeverkneeledtopray,youhavedanced.Forthese

actionshavefiguredimportantly(2)thehistoryofdance.Dancegoes(3)to

thebeginningsofcivilization一(4)thetribe-wherenativesdancedtoget(5)

theywanted.Primitivedancewas(6)allpractical,notthesocialdancingweknow

today.Nativesapproacheddancewith(7)seriousnessasawaytohelpthetribein

thecrucialprocess(8)survival.Dancewasbelievedtobethe(9)directway

torepellocusts,to(10)raintofall,toinsurethatamaleheirwouldbeborn,and

(11)guaranteevictoryinaforthcomingbattle.Primitive(12)wasgenerally

donebymanypeoplemovinginthesamemanneranddirection.(13)alldances

hadleaders,solodances(14)rare.Muchusewasmadeof(15)partofthe

body.Andso(16)werethesetribaldancesthat,ifanative(17)missasingle

step,hewouldbeputtodeath(18)thespot.Fortunately,thesamerigid(19)

thatgovernedthelivesofthesepeopledonotapplyinthe(20)relaxedsettingsof

today'sdiscotheques.

A、ever

B、never

C、before

D、after

标准答案：A

知识点解析：ever用在完成时中，表示强调。never表示否定，不符句意。本句意

为：如果你曾经突然歪向一边以免踩上人行道上破裂的地方，那你就是在跳舞了。

swerve意为"脱离正轨；突然转向；歪向一旁"。

2、

A、about

for

C、in

D^around

标准答案：C

知识点解析：inihehistoryof意为”在…的历史上"。figure在此句中做动词，意为”

出现，扮演”。本句意为：因为这些动作都曾是舞蹈历史上很重要的动作。

3、

A、forward

back

C、up

D、down

标准答案：B

知识点解析：goback意为“回溯”，因为文中正在回顾历史，所以这里用back最符

合文意。此句意为：舞蹈的历史可以追溯到文明的开始时期。

4、

A、at

B、for

C、of

D、to

标准答案：D

知识点解析：此处破折号后面的成分实际上是对前面部分的解释，与前面t。the

beginningof...并列，因此这里仍然应用to,表示直到部落时代。

5、

A、when

B>why

C>which

D、what

标准答案：D

知识点解析：what在这里引导宾语从句，意思是“所…的”。

6、

A、about

B、above

C、under

D^over

标准答案：B

知识点解析：above表示"超然于…，迥然不同于…”。此句意为：那时候的舞蹈并

不是讲求实用的，不是我们今天所知道的交际舞。

7、

A、little

great

C、less

D、least

标准答案：B

知识点解析：因为这里是要说明当时人们跳舞时非常严肃、庄重，把它作为一种帮

助部落度过生死攸关的关键时刻的方法，根据句意，greal最合逻辑。

8、

A、to

B、over

C、of

D、at

标准答案：C

知识点解析：of在这里表示一种从属关系。intheprocessof意为"在…的过程中”。

9、

A、most

B、least

C、first

D、last

标准答案：A

知识点解析：most表示最高级，用来修饰后面的direct,本句意为：人们相信，跳

舞是驱除蝗虫最直接的方法。

10、

A、cause

B、happen

C^try

D、make

标准答案：A

知识点解析：tocauseraintofall意为"引起下雨"，即求雨。其余各项中的词都无法

表达此意。

11、

A、for

B、of

C^to

D、al

标准答案：c

知识点解析：此句与前面几句的结构相同，是平行关系，因为前面都是用t。引导

的，所以这里也要用to.这里是Dancewasbelievedto的一个延续。

12、

A、food

B、dance

C、spells

D、harvest

标准答案：B

知识点解析：因为本文正在谈论的是舞蹈，加上后面乂提到movinginthesame

manneranddirection,n「以判断此空应填入dance,只有此项最合逻辑。

13、

A、Since

B、Despite

C、Thus

D、Although

标准答案：A

知识点解析：since可用来引导一个表示原因的状语从句，despile是介词，不能引

导从句，thus是副词，不能引导从句，although是月来引导让步状语从句的，因此

这里只有since正确。

14、

A、are

B、was

C、were

D、is

标准答案：c

知识点解析：本句意为：因为舞蹈都有领舞者，所以独舞非常少。注意前面出现的

had和dances,可知谓语动词应用复数，并是过去式。

15、

A、only

every

C、some

D、all

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此句意为：全身每一个部位都要用上。

16、

A、comic

B、boring

C、solemn

D、tiring

标准答案：C

知识点解析：solemn意为“严肃的“；comic意为“富有喜剧性的"：boring意为“枯燥

单调的”；Hrmg也是“枯燥，乏味”的意思。因为前面提过这种部落舞蹈是被看作一

种非常神圣、严肃的事情，所以此题solemn为最佳答案。

17、

A、would

B、should

C^might

D、could

标准答案：B

知识点解析，这里用should表示一种虚拟语气，意为“万一”，木句意为：万一哪个

人跳错了一步的话。

18、

A^in

B、at

C、on

D、around

标准答案：C

知识点解析：onihespo1是一个词组，意为”当场，就地"，atlhespol意为”在那一

点上”，与上下文不符，其他各项也不合适。

19、

A、sticks

messages

C、reviews

D、rules

标准答案：D

知识点解析：rigid意为"严格的,死板的"，根据rigid和后面出现的governed（管

理，约束：）可判断，这里需要填入意为”规定，法规”之类的词，因此rules“规则”最

合题意。

20、

A、less

B>more

CNleast

D、most

标准答案：B

知识点解析：这里把今天舞蹈的情况与过去的情况作了一下对比，得出结论：今天

的舞蹈跳得比过去更加轻松。所以应用morerelaxed表达此意。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

Eventohiscontemporaries,RochesterwasalegendaryfigureOneoftheyoungestand

mosthandsomecourtiersoftherestoredCharlesII.Hewasthefavoriteofakingwhose

wit,lasciviousnessandseriousintellectualinterestsheshared.Hewasbanishedfrom

courtseveraltimes,butCharles'spleasureinhisconversationalwaysresultedinhis

recall.Hisauthenticadventuresincludedtheattemptedabductionofanheiress（whomhe

latermarried）,smashingaphallic-shapedsundialintheroyalgardensduringadrunken

celebrity,andaviolentquarrelwiththewatchatEpsominwhichoneofhiscompanions

waskilled.Quiteapartfromhisreputationasapoet,hewasfetedinthewritingsofhis

friends,notablyinSirGeorgeEthcrege'scomedy,"TheManofMode".Justbeforehe

diedin1680,attheageof33,destroyedbyalcoholismandsyphilis,Rochester'slegend

tookasurprisingturn.AfteraseriesofconversationswithanAnglicanrationalistdivine,

GilbertBurner,theskepticallibertinemadeadeath-bedconversionwhichwascelebrated

inthedevotionalliteratureofthesucceedingcentury.CharmingasitistheRochester

legendhasalwaysbeenadistraction.Ithasresultedinmanyapocryphalstoriesand

uncertainattributions,anditcanstilldivertattentionfromthepoetry.ItisRochester's

achievementasapoetwhichcommandsourinterestandmakeshimsomethingmorethan

aluridlycolorfulperiod,figure.Forallthebrevityofhiscareer,Rochesterisacrucial

figureinthedevelopmentofEnglishversesatireandfileHoratianepistle,astudentofhis

elderFrenchcontemporaryBoileau,andanimportantexemplarforlaterpoetsas

differentasAlexanderPopeandAnneFinch,CountessofWinchilsea.Cephas

Goldsworthy's"TheSatyr"givesusthelegend.Althoughtherearenofootnotesto

sources,thebookshowssomeacquaintancewithmodemRochesterscholarshipandits

rejectionofspuriousversefromhiscanon-butonlyintermittently.Anecdotes

concerningRochesterandhiscronyGeorgeVilliers,DukeofBuckingham,areretailed

withoutanyindicationthattheyhave,infact,beendiscredited;poemsnolonger

attributedtoRochesterarecitedasiftheywereauthentic.Mr.Goldsworthyquotes

liberallyfromthepoetry,butrepeatedlyreadsitasstraightforwardautobiography.For

example,wearetoldthat"Mydearmistresshasaheart"isaddressedto.ElizabethBarry,

anactress,whichisincautiousgiventheuncertaindatingofthissong,andindeedofmost

ofRochester'spoems.Moregenerally,whileofcoursesomeofthesatiresinclude

referencestoactualpersons,asoftenasnotin17th-centurylovepoetrytheemotionis

genuinebuttheaddresseeisfictitious.AlesssimplisticwaytorelateRochester'spoetry

tohislifewouldbetoreadtheformerasanexploitationofwhatitmeanstolive

accordingtolibertinevalues.Inhisbestsatiresandevensomeofthelyricshearticulated

ananti-rationalnihilisticvisionscarcelyfoundelsewhereinEnglishverse.Suchatask

belongstoacriticalbiography.ThereisnomistakingMr.Goldsworthy'senthusiasmfor

hissubject,buthisbookisessentiallybiographyasentertainment.

21RochesterwasNOT.

A^atroublemaker

B、afictionallegendaryfigure

C^anexcellentSolomon

D^thefavoriteofCharlesII

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。由文章第一段可知，Rochesg年轻、英俊、有才华，

却经常惹事。他是一个，专奇人物，屡被放逐但因国王喜欢他的雄辩而又屡被召回。

四个选项"中，只有"afictionallegendaryfigure”所述是错误的。文中提到的是"Even

tohiscontemporaries.Rochesterwasalegendaryfigure”.他是一个传奇式的人物，但

并不是虚构的人物。

22、Rochesterdidn'thaveareputationof.

A、comedian

B、legend

Cxlibertine

D、poet

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。根据文章我们可知Rochester是一个诗人、浪子、传奇

人物、别人著作中的主人公，等等。他从未写过喜剧，但他是朋友喜剧著作中的人

物。Rochester的角色中不包括戏剧演员。

23、Theword"nihilistic"(Para.5)means.

A、rational

B、practical

C>opposedmoralbeliefs

D、pro-government

标准答案：C

知识点解析：猜词题。由"…hearticulatedananti-rationalnihilisticvisionscarcely

foundelsewhereinEnglishverse"可以推断，nihilistic有"反常规"的意思，只有选项"

无政府主义的，虚无主义的”符合题意。

24、Rochester'slegendgaveothersasurprisingturnwhen.

A、hewasdying

B、liegotsyphilis

C、heappearedinananti-rationalstate

D、hechangedhislife-style

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。由第二段可知，在临死之前，他与教士经过几次交谈

后，突然有了转变。因此，选项“他临死时”最为符合。

25、RochesterwasNOT.

A、crucialinthedevelopmentofEnglishversesatire

B、acomedywriter

C>Boileau'sstudent

D、animportantmodelforlaterpoets

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。文中第二段指出，在他短短的事业生涯中，他是英国诗

歌、抒情散文和贺瑞斯书信体诗文发展的重要人物，是比他年长的法国同时代人

Boileau的学生，也是后来诗人们的模范。文中没有提到他写过任何喜剧，因应

Rochester不是一个喜剧作家。

WhereisthesecondcentreofHollywoodfilmmakinginEuropeafterLondon,Paris,or

perhapsBerlin?TryPrague.Lastyear,Hollywoodspentover$200monshootingmovies,

commercialsandpopvideosintheCzechcapital.Thisyear,allthebigstudioswillbein

town.MGMhasMHart'sWar"starringBruceWillis;Disneyisshooting"BlackSheep"

withAnthonyHopkins;andFoxhasjustfinishedfilming"FromHell",aJacktheRipper

sagastarringJohnnyDepp.Praguerstakelinseltownintheirstride.Oldladieslooked

onlyslightlyconfusedlastmonthwhenthecobbledstreetsofMalaStrana,Prague'sold

quarter,wereclearedofrealsnowandsprayedwithamorecinematicallypleasing

chemicalalternativeforUniversal's"BourneIdentity",a$50mthrillerstarringMatt

Damon.Thefilm'sproducer,PatCrowley,reckonsadayfilminginPraguecostshim

$100,000,against$250,000inParis.Czechcrews,hesays,areprofessional,English-

speakingandnumerous.Theyarealsoabargain-'40%cheaperthansimilarcrewsin

LondonorLosAngeles,pointsoutMatthewStillman,theBritishbossofStillking,a

Prague-basedproductionfirm.Mr.StillmanfoundedStillkingin1993afterarrivingin

Praguewith$500andatypewriter.Today,Hollywoodproducerscometothecompany

forcrews,catering,lightsandmuchmore.Itclaimstohaveabouthalfofthelocalfilm­

productionbusinessandthisyearhopesforrevenuesofover$50m.Thebiggestdrawto

Prague,however,isBarrandov-oneofthelargestfilmstudiosinEurope,with11sound­

stages,onsitephotolabsandtop-notchtechnicians.Itwasfoundedduring

Czechoslovakia'spre-warfirstrepublicbyMilosHavel,anuncleofthepresentCzech

president,VaclavHavel.TheNazisexpandeditasaproductioncentreforpropaganda

flicks—thesound-stagesarecourtesyofJosephGoebbels.ThencametheCommunists

withtheirownpropagandaand,admittedly,afewimpressivehomegrowndirectorssuch

asMilosForman,whobeganHollywood'smarchtoPraguebyfilming"Amadeus1'there.

ButitispartlythankstoBarrandovthatPragueremainssomewaybehindLondonasa

filmcentre.Thestudiohassufferedfromdoubtfulmanagementandisalreadystretched

tocapacity("Youcan'tevengetanofficethere'*,moansoneproducer).Itspresentowner,

alocalsteelcompany,iskeentosellbuttalkswithaCanadianinstitutionhavebeen

thorny,notleastbecause:heCzechgovernmentholdsagoldenshare.Shouldthe

Canadiandealfallthrough,Stillkingsaysitwouldconsiderabidofitsown.

26、WhichoneisNOTtrueaboutPrague?

A、It'sagatheringplaceforbigstudiostomakefilm-stars.

B、It'stheCzechcapital.

C^It'saverypopularplacefbrHollywoodfilmmaking.

D、It'sanattractiveplacefbrbothfilmmakersandthestars.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。由第一段可以看出，布拉格是好莱坞在欧洲的第二大电

影拍摄基地。从电影公司不惜花巨资拍摄由大牌明星加盟的好莱坞大片可见，它确

实具有一定的吸引力。选项”布拉格是大音像公司制造电影明星的聚集地”，文中反

复强调它是电影制作的中心地，却没有提及是制造电影明星的地方；选项”它是捷

克的首都"，从"TryPrague.Lastyear,Hollywoodspentover$200monshooting

movies,commercialsandpopvideosintheCzechcapital”.可以看出，theCzech

capital和Prague指的是同一个地方；从第一段多处可以看出”好莱坞电影制作过程

中，布拉格是一个很受欢迎的地方“，”对电影制片商和明星来说，它确实是一个

吸引人的好地方”是正确的。

27、PatCrowleyhaschosenPraguetobetheplacefbrhisnewfilmjustbecause.

A、thisplaceiscoveredwithsnow,whichisWhattheyware

B、hetakescostsintoconsideration

C、MauDamonlovestheplace

D、ithasthecobbledstreets

标准答案：B

知识点解析：事实细节题。文章第二段可知，PatCrowley每天在布拉格的拍摄只

需10万元，远少于在巴黎的25万。并且捷克的工作人员素质都还不错，并且人手

也很充裕。答案”基于找摄费用的考虑”是最为符合的。

28、CzechFilmworkersareNOT.

A、skilled

R、abletospeakforeignlanguages

C、professional

D、goodatbargaining

标准答案：D

知识点解析：事实细节题。文章第二段谈到捷克工作人员时，PatCrowley说：“他

们很专业，会讲英语并且人数众多，并且还可以还价到英国或美国同类工作人员的

60%o显然“擅长讲价”不是原文中的意思。

29>Stillkingisacompany.

A、providinginstrumentsandworkersforstudios

B、providingactors

C、involvedinfilm-making

D、gatheringmoneyfromlocalfilmstudios

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理判断题<>文中第三段讲述"Today,Hollywoodproducerscometo

thecompanyforcrews,catering,lightsandmuchmore”.因此可以推断，该公司定为

电影提供工作人员和设备的公司，答案选项正确。其他三个选项都与原文不符。

30、PragueremainsbehindLondonbecause.

A、thestudioleadergraspedallthecapitals

B、ofthebadstrategiesofsellingstudios

C、Canadianconsortiumcannotgetthegoldensharefromthegovernment

D、ofinefficientmanagement

标准答案：D:

知识点解析：事实细节题。文中最后一段提到"Thestudiohassufferedfromdoubtful

managementandisalreadystretchedtocapacity",公司因为经营不善，已经快撑不下

去了，因此落后于伦敦的原因就是经营不善，那么答案中”影业公司领导人拿云了

所有资金“；”卖掉电影公司的错误战略“；"加拿大财团得不到政府掌握的重要股份

":“经营不善”。显然答案选项最为符合。

TheelephantsofThailandusednevertobeshortofworkhaulingtimber.Butmostofthe

country'sforestshavebeencutdown,andloggingisnowbannedtosavethefewthatare

left.Thenumberofdomesticatedelephantsleftinthecountryisnowonly2,500orso,

downfromabout100,000acenturyago.ThoughbeingthenationalanimalofThailand

earnsanelephantplentyofrespect,thisdoesnotputgrassonthetable.Thaielephants

thesedaystaketouristsontreksorperformincircuses,andaresometimestobeseen

beggingforbananasonthestreetsofBangkok.Someofthe46elephantslivingatthe

ThaiElephantConservationCentre,aformergovernmentloggingcampnearLampang,

havefoundanewlifeinmusic.TheThaiElephantOrchestraisthecreationoftwo

Americans,RichardLair,whohasworkedwithAsianelephantsfbr23years,andDavid

Soldier,amusicianandneuroscientistwithatastefortheavant-garde.Theyprovidedsix

ofthecenter'selephants,aged7to18,withavarietyofpercussionandwindinstruments.

ThosefamiliarwithThaiinstrumentswillrecognizetheslitdrums,thegong,thebov/

bass,thexylophone-likerants,aswellasthethundersheet.Theonlydifferenceisthatthe

elephantversionsareabitstronger.Theelephantsaregivenacuetostartandthenthey

prepare.Theyclearlyhaveastrongsenseofrhythm.Theyflaptheirearstothebeat,

swishtheirtailsandgenerallyrockbackandforth.Someaddtothemelodywiththeir

owntrumpeting.Elcphan:mood-musiccouldhaveacommercialfuture,Mr.Soldier

believes.HehasevenproducedaCDontheMulattalabel—itisavailableat

-with13elephanttracks.Itisrealelephantmusic,hesays,withonly

thehumannoisesremovedbysoundengineers.Butisitmusic?BobHalliday,music

criticoftheBangkokPost,saysitis.Hecommendstheelephantsforbeing"so

communicative”.Anyonenotknowingthatitwaselephantmusic,hesays,wouldassume

thathumanswereplaying.Someoftheelephantsinthebandhavealsotriedtheirhandat

painting,tendingtofavortheabstractovertherepresentationalstyle.Theirbroad-stroke

acrylicpaintingslastyearhelpedraisesome$25,000atacharityauctionatChristie'sin

NewYork,andaLondongalleryhasalsotakensomeoftheirwork.Theseartsales,

togetherwithprofitsfromtheCD,arehelpingtokeepthecentregoing.AsecondCDis

ontheway.Itwillbelessclassical,morepop.

31、TheelephantsofThailandnowareshortoftheworktheyusedtodo

because.

A^theyaretrainedtotaketouristsontrek

BNtheyaretrainedtoplaymusic

C、theforest-cuttingisillegal

D、thereisnotenoughtimberforthemtohaul

标准答案：C」

知识点解析：推理判断题。从文章第一段"TheelephantsofThailandusednevertobe

shortofworkhaulingtimber.Butmostofthecountry'sforestshavebeencutdown,and

loggingisnowbannedtosavethefewthatareleft”.（泰国大象过去从不缺少卷树桩的

活儿，但由于大片森林被砍伐，如今伐木被禁止了。）可以推断，大象不能像以前

那样伐木是因为相关的法律政策出台。在选项”他们被驯服去驮游客”，“它们被驯

服去演奏音乐“，“砍伐森林是违法行为“，“木桩不够了”中；答案选项是正确的。

32、Theauthor'sattitudetowardstheseelephantsis.

A、astonished

B、indescribable

C、supportive

D、appreciative

标准答案：C

知识点解析：情感态度题。作者在文章中表达了对大象乐队的肯定，因此，在选项

“震惊的“，”难以名状的"，“支持的“，“欣赏的”中，答案选项最贴切。

33、ThetwoAmericancreatedtheOrchestrainorderto.

A、earnmoney

B、protectelephants

C、enjoythemselves

D、noneoftheabove

标准答案：

知识之解析B：推理判断题。两个美国人组建乐队目的是什么，文中并没有给出非常

明确的答案，但从第二段开头"Someof.the46elephantslivingattheThaiElephant

ConservationCentre,aformergovernmentloggingcampnearLampang,havefounda

newlifeinmusic”.可以看出，大象们因此获得了新生，并且这些大象属于保护区大

象。在选项“赚钱“，“保护大象“，“自娱自乐”中，答案选项最为贴切。

34、Trumpetinthethirdparagraphrefersto.

A、jump

B、growl

C、move

D、shake

标准答案：B

知识点解析：猜词题。限据原句"Someaddtothemelodywiththeirown

trumpeting'*.,可知，是大象的某种声音给乐曲增添了色彩，据此推断trumpet是发

出的声音，在选项“跳跃“，“吼叫”，“移动”，”摇摆"中，只有答案选项是表示“发出

声音”的。

35、Theelephants,donotmakemoneyfrom.

A、gettingcharityfromvisitors

B、sellingtheirpaintings

C、sellingtheirownCDs

D、alltheirentertainmentwork

标准答案：A

知识点解析：事实细节题。从文中最后两段可知，大象乐队自己灌了唱片，还作画

卖钱，它们通过一种娱乐性的工作来养活自己，并不需要观众的施舍。因此，”靠

观众的施舍”正确。

Women,accordingtoChairmanMao,holduphalfthesky—butinCaliforniasomeare

betterrewardedforthiseffortthanothers.AccordingtoanewstudyfromthePublic

PolicyInstituteofCalifornia,AsianwomenbornintheUnitedStatesoutstripalltheir

sistersintermsofearningpower.TheaveragehourlywageforAmerican-bornAsian

ladiesin2001(thelatestyearwithreliablefigures)was$19.30,withAmcrican-born

whitescomingnext.OnthebottomrungsoftheladdercameLatinas:ifbornabroad,they

earnedamere$10.40anhour(thoughthiswascomfortablyaboveCalifornia'sthen$6.25

minimumwage);ifbominAmerica,theymanaged$15.10anhour.Educationisthe

biggestreasonfortheethnicdisparities.Some55%ofCalifornia'sAmerican-bornAsian

womenhaveatleastabachelor'sdegree,andanimpressive84%ofthemeitherhavejobs

orarelookingforthem.Bycontrast,only14%ofAmerican-bornHispanicwomenhavea

bachelor'sdegreeandonly74%ofthemareinthelabourmarket.Meanwhile,Latinas

bornabroadareoftencondemnedtolow-payingjobsbyaneveninefficienteducationor

apoorknowledgeofEng'ish.MuchthesamecanbesaidofAsianwomenborninSouth-

EastAsia,acategorythatincludesrefugeesfromLaos,VietnamandCambodia.The

institutecalculatesthattheyearnedanaverageof$15.80,almost$1lessthanother

foreign-bornAsians.ButeducationisnottheonlyfactorinplayforCalifornia'swomen.

LargerfamiliesmakeitmoredifficultforLatinastogoouttoworkinthefirstplace;

blacksoftenlivetoofarawaytocommutetowell-paidjobs;andjustasAsiansmay

benefitfromhighexpectations,soothergroupsmaysufferfromlowones.Theinstitute

makesanattempt,heroicorpoliticallycorrect,toadjustforsuchfactors,imagining,for

example,thataforeign-bornLatinahasthesamefamilystructure,educationandplaceof

residenceastheaverageCalifornianwoman.Thatbringstheaveragewageforforeign-

bornLatinasuptoamorerespectable$15.20;yetAmerican-bornAsiansstillrulethe

roost.Butbeforethegoldengirlsgettoohappy,theinstitutereckonsthatCalifornian

womenofallsortstendtoearnroughly20%lessthantheirmenfolkdo.

36、Whatcanbeinferredfrom"...inCaliforniasomearebetterrewardedforthiseffort

thanothers"?

SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanmen.

B、SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanwomeninotherplaces.

C、SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanotherpeople.

D^SomewomeninCaliforniaearnmorethanordinarypeople.

标准答案：B

知识点解析:推理判断题inCaliforniasomearebetterrewardedforthiseffort

ihanothers”是接上文而说的，意思是”在加利福尼亚，有些妇女报酬要高一些”。

others究竟指谁要联系下文判断。下文马上举例说，在美国出生的亚裔妇女要比其

姐妹们能挣钱，那么这个others指的应该是其他地方的妇女。

37、WhichoneisnotthereasonwhyAmerican-bornAsianwomenarepaidbetterthan

Latinas?

A、American-bornAsianwomenhavebettereducation.

B、Latinashavelargerfamiliestotakecareof.

C、American-bornAsianwomenaremoreintelligent.

D、Latinasalwayslivefarawayfromtheirworkplace.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理判断题。从文章第三、四、五段中可以看出美国出生的亚裔妇女

比拉美裔妇女工资高的主要原因是她们有良好的教育，其次还因为拉美裔妇女家庭

规模大，居住地离工作地点很远，选项中只有答案选项在文中没有提到。

38、Inthefollowingstatements,whichOneistrueaboutLatinabornabroad?

A、TheyaretreatedunfairlyinAmerica.

B、TheirsalaryislowerthantheminimumlevelinCalifornia.

C、TheycannotSpeakEnglishverywell.

D、IftheycanhavethesameconditionsastheaverageCaliforniawoman,theycanearn

thesameamountastheAmerican-bomAsianwomen.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：事实细节题。文中并未提到她们受到不公正的待遇，只是由于一些客

观原因薪水偏低；根据第二段"hiswascomfortablyaboveCalifornia'sthen$6.25

minimumwage",可以看出她们工资高于加州最低水平；第三段"Latinasborn

abroadareoftencondemnedtolow-payingjobsbyaneveninefficienteducationora

poorknowledgeofEnglish”.一句提到她们英语7k平低，因此答案选项是正确的；最

后一段的研究表明，即使她们和一般的加州妇女条件一样，工资还是比亚裔妇女

低。故此排除其他选项。

39、Whatdoesitmeanby"ruletheroost'*(Lastparagraph)?

A、bedominant

B、havearest

C、beincharge

D、occupythehighestposition

标准答案：D

知识点解析：猜词题。艰据文章前半部分，美国出生的亚裔妇女平均工资为

$19.30o即使拉丁裔妇女拥有相同的条件，还是有差距。因此，叮halbringsthe

averagewageforforeign-bornLatinasuptoamorerespectable$15.20；yetAmerican-

bornAsiansstillruletheroost".中，ruletheboost的意思是"亚裔妇女工资独占鳌头

”，答案选项最为贴切。

40、Whoare"thegoldengirls"?

A、Californiawomen.

B、American-bornAsianwomen.

C、fbreign-bornAsianwomen.

D、American-bornLatinas.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理判断题。文中最后一句话意思为'这些得宠的女性也不能高兴得

太早，因为研究所认为所有加利福尼亚妇女比其男同事工资少20%”，这些golden

girls就是幸运的人，也就是赚钱最多的，从上文中可以看出goldengirls指的是

American-bornAsianwomeno

三、阅读(补全短文)(本题共5题，每题7.0分，共

5分。)

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelist(A>B、C>D、E、F、G)tofitintoeachofthe

numberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyofthegaps.(10

points)Itishardlynecessarytopointoutthatweliveinaworldofincreasing

industrialization.Whilethisprocessenablesustoraiseourstandardoflivingatanever­

acceleratingrate,italsoleadstoacorrespondinggrowthofinterdependencebetweenthe

differentregionsoftheworld.(41).What,then,istobedone?Althoughitis

difficulttoknowwheretobegintodealwithsuchalargesubjectthefirststepisperhaps

toconsiderthemaineconomicdifficultiesanunderdevelopedoremergingregionhasto

face.(42).Anumberofquitecommonoccurrencesarethereforesufficientto

causeimmediateandseriousinterferencewiththisexportproduction:unfavorable

weatherconditions,plantoranimalepidemics,theexhaustionofsoilfertilityormineral

deposits,thedcvclopmcniofsubstituteproductsintheindustrializedregions,etc.The

sensitivityoftheeconomyisgreatlyintensifiedincaseswhereexportsareconfinedonly

tooneortwoproducts—"monocultures"astheyaresometimescalled.(43).This

alsoappliestothemanufacturedgocxlsrequiredtoprovidetheirpopulationswiththe

"necessitiesoflife'1.Thiseconomicstructuremakesitdifficultforthemtoavoidbeing

politicallydependentonthecountrieswhichabsorbtheirexportsandprovidetheir

essentialimports.Since,undermodernconditions,arapidriseinpopulationisa

phenomenoncloselyassociatedwithunderdevelopment.Thiscausealonecansubjectthe

economytosevereandcontinuousstress.(44).Inthefirstplace,tosetupmodern

industriesnecessitatescapitalonalargescale,whichonlyindustrializedregionsarcable

toprovide;secondly,theylackthenecessarytrainedmanpower;thirdly,their

industries—whenestablished—areusuallynotefficientenoughtocompetewithforeign

imports,andanyrestrictionontheseimportsislikelytoleadtocounter-actionagainst

theirownexports.Fromanotherpointofview,itisnecessarytobearinmindthatthere

arcinvariablypolitical,educational,socialandpsychologicalobstacleswhichtendto

interfereseriouslywithanymeasurestakentodealwiththeeconomicdifficulties

outlinedabove.(45).Toconclude,itseemsclearthatifwearetosucceedin

solvingthemanyinter-relatedproblemsofunderdevelopment,onlythefullestandmost

intelligentuseoftheresourcesofallbranchesofsciencewillenableustodoso.(555

words)Notes:beorientated..,toward被弓I导至Umonoculture单一作物耕作。A.For

example,theeconomiesofsuchcountriesarcorientatedprimarilytowardtheproduction

ofrawmaterials,i.e.agriculturalandmineralproducts;thesearethenexportedtothe

industrializedcountries.B.Giventheseconditions,itiseasytoseethatanypermanent

economicorpoliticalinstabilityinoneareaisboundtohaveanincreasinglyserious

effectupontherestoftheworld.Sincethemainsourceofsuchinstabilityis

underdevelopment,itisclearthatthisnowconstitutesaproblemofinternational

dimensions.C.Asfaras"necessitiesoflife"areconcerned,theyrepresentaconcept

which:iscontinuallybeingenlargedthroughthemassmediaofcommunicationsuchas

newspapers,films,theradioandadvertising.D.Althoughitisobviousthat

industrializationisthekeytodevelopment,itisusuallyverydifficultforemerging

countriestocarryoutplansofthisnature.E.Beingunder-industrialized,thesecountries

arelargelydependentonimportstosupplytheequipmentneededtoproducetheraw

materialstheyexport.F.Toconsideronlyonepoint:itisobviouslyuseless,todevote

greateffortsandexpenseioeducation,technicaltrainingandpl