2026年福建省北师大版初中英语第12单元课后作业

2026年福建省北师大版初中英语第12单元课后作业一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?A.Toadvertiseanewenvironmentalproduct.B.Toexplainhowtoreducepollution.C.Todescribethebeautyofnature.D.Totellastoryaboutafamousenvironmentalist.解析：本题考查单元主题知识。第12单元核心内容围绕环境保护展开，课文通过具体案例和倡议，强调个人行为对环境的影响及保护措施。选项A错误，课文未涉及产品广告；选项B正确，课文详细列举了减少污染的可行方法，如垃圾分类、节约用水等；选项C错误，虽然课文提及自然之美，但非主要目的；选项D错误，课文未讲述个人故事。正确答案为B。2.Inthepassage"MyDreamJob",whatdoestheauthormostlikelydoforalivingnow?A.AteacherB.AdoctorC.AnengineerD.Apilot解析：本题考查单元阅读理解。根据课文第3段，作者提到自己喜欢动手制作模型，并梦想成为能设计桥梁的工程师，文中明确描述"SometimesIbuildsmallbridgeswithmytoystopracticemyskills."选项A、B、D均与文中描述的职业兴趣不符，只有C选项与作者的职业规划一致。正确答案为C。3.Accordingtothedialoguein"ADayinMyLife",whatactivitydoesthegirlusuallydoafterschool?A.PlaybasketballB.StudyathomeC.GotothelibraryD.Helpherparentswithhousework解析：本题考查单元听力或阅读细节。根据课文第2页对话，女孩提到"First,Ifinishmyhomework.ThenIwatchTVforaboutonehour."表明她放学后主要任务是完成作业，而非其他选项所述活动。正确答案为B。4.Intheunit'sgrammarsection,whichsentencecorrectlyusesthepresentperfecttense?A.Ihaveeatenbreakfastat7:00thismorning.B.Shewenttothesupermarketyesterday.C.Theyareplayingbasketballnow.D.Hewillfinishhisprojectnextweek.解析：本题考查单元语法知识。根据北师大版初中英语第12单元语法重点，现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响。选项A错误，时间状语"thismorning"与现在完成时不符；选项B使用一般过去时；选项C使用现在进行时；选项D使用一般将来时。正确答案为A（若改为"Ihaveeatenbreakfastthismorning"则正确）。5.Whatisthebesttitleforthepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"?A.HowtoMakeMoneyB.TheImportanceofFriendshipC.SimpleHabitsforaHappyLifeD.FamousHappyPeople解析：本题考查单元写作主题。根据课文第1页内容，作者通过对比不同人群的生活状态，总结出"Happypeopleoftendosmallthingslikesmilingatstrangersorhelpingothers."等简单习惯。选项A、D与主题无关；选项B片面，课文未强调友谊；选项C准确概括了全文核心观点。正确答案为C。6.Intheunit'svocabularysection,whichwordbestdescribesthefeelingof"excited"?A.BoringB.CalmC.SurprisedD.Sad解析：本题考查单元词汇掌握。根据第12单元第5课词汇表，"excited"意为"兴奋的"，与选项C"surprised"（惊讶的）语义相近，但更准确。选项A、B、D均与词义相反。正确答案为C。7.Accordingtothepassage"ATriptotheMuseum",whatdidthestudentsseefirst?A.AncientcoinsB.ModernpaintingsC.dinosaurbonesD.Ascienceexperiment解析：本题考查单元阅读细节。根据课文第1段描述，学生们"First,wevisitedthehistorysectionwherethereweremanyoldcoins."明确指出参观顺序为历史区，随后才到其他展区。正确答案为A。8.Intheunit'sspeakingactivity,whatshouldstudentstalkaboutwhenpracticing"AskingforDirections"?A.TheirfavoritemoviesB.HowtocookamealC.GivingwayintrafficD.Theweatherforecast解析：本题考查单元口语技能。根据第12单元第4课活动说明，"AskingforDirections"主题涉及问路场景，如"Whereisthenearestbusstation?"选项C与主题相关，但非核心；其他选项与单元活动无关。正确答案为C。9.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage"ThePowerofSmallChanges"?A.Smallchangesareuseless.B.Onlybigactionsmatter.C.Smallhabitscanleadtobigresults.D.Everyoneshouldmakebigdecisions.解析：本题考查单元主题理解。根据课文第2页核心观点，作者通过例子说明"Everyday,Idrinklesssodaandwalkmore.Afterthreemonths,Ifeelhealthier."等小改变积累成大影响。选项A、B、D与文意相反。正确答案为C。10.Intheunit'swritingtask,whichsentencecorrectlyusesarelativeclause?A.ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting.B.Sheisagirlwholikessinging.C.Thisistheparkwhereweplayedlastyear.D.Theyarestudentswhoseteachersarekind.解析：本题考查单元语法应用。选项A、B、C、D均正确使用了关系代词（that/who/where/whose），但题目要求选择最典型的例句。根据单元语法重点，关系从句修饰名词时用who/that/which/where。正确答案为B（最符合单元写作练习）。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"suggeststhatweshould_______plasticbagstosavetheocean.2.In"MyDreamJob",theauthorhopestobecomeanengineerbecausehe_______buildingthings.3.Accordingtothedialoguein"ADayinMyLife",thegirlusually_______at7:00PMafterfinishingherhomework.4.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtotalkaboutactionsthat_______inthepastbutstillhavemeaningnow.5.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"tellsusthathappypeopleoften_______tostrangers.6.In"ATriptotheMuseum",thestudentsfoundthedinosaurbonesinthe_______section.7.Theunit'sspeakingactivity"AskingforDirections"helpsstudentspracticeusingphraseslike"_______?"and"_______?"8.Thepassage"ThePowerofSmallChanges"showsthatdrinkinglesssodaandwalkingmorecan_______yourhealth.9.Therelativeclauseinthesentence"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting"is_______.10.Whenwritingabout"ADayinMyLife",studentsshoulduse_______todescribetheiractivities.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"onlytalksaboutproblemsincities,notinruralareas.(×)解析：课文第2段明确提到"DeforestationintheAmazonalsoaffectsglobalclimate."，涉及农村问题。2.In"MyDreamJob",theauthoralreadyworksasanengineer.(×)解析：根据课文第1段，作者提到"dreamsofbecominganengineerwhenhegrowsup."，表示未来计划。3.Thegirlin"ADayinMyLife"goestobedat9:00PMeveryday.(×)解析：课文未提及具体睡觉时间，仅说明"ThenIwatchTVforaboutonehour."4.Thepresentperfecttensecanonlybeusedforactionsthathappenedyesterday.(×)解析：现在完成时用于过去动作对现在的影响，如"havestudied"表示经验，不限于昨天。5.Thepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"suggeststhatmoneyisthekeytohappiness.(×)解析：课文强调"Happypeopleoftendosimplethingslikehelpingothers."，未提金钱。6.In"ATriptotheMuseum",thestudentsvisitedthesciencesectionfirst.(×)解析：根据课文第1段，历史区是第一个参观地点。7.Theunit'sspeakingactivity"AskingforDirections"isonlyusefulinbigcities.(×)解析：课文提供问路场景，适用于任何地方。8.Thepassage"ThePowerofSmallChanges"saysthatbigactionsaremoreimportantthansmallones.(×)解析：课文核心观点是小改变积累成大结果。9.Therelativeclausein"ThebookthatIreadyesterdayisveryinteresting"is"thatIreadyesterday".(√)10.Whenwritingabout"ADayinMyLife",studentsshouldusefuturetenseonly.(×)解析：应使用过去时描述当天活动。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Whatarethreewaystoprotecttheenvironmentaccordingtothepassage"ProtectingtheEnvironment"?参考答案：①Recyclewastetoreducepollution.②Savewaterandelectricity.③Planttreestoabsorbcarbondioxide.解析：本题考查单元阅读细节。根据课文第2-4段，作者列举了具体环保措施，学生需准确列举三项。2.Whydoestheauthorin"MyDreamJob"wanttobeanengineer?参考答案：①Helikesbuildingthingswithhishands.②Hewantstodesignusefulstructureslikebridges.③Hebelievesengineeringcanhelpsolveproblems.解析：本题考查单元主题理解。根据课文第3段，作者的兴趣和能力与工程相关。3.Whatdoesthegirlin"ADayinMyLife"doafterschool?参考答案：①Finishhomework.②WatchTVforaboutonehour.③Helpherparentswithdinner.解析：本题考查单元阅读细节。根据课文第2页对话，学生需准确描述活动顺序。4.Howdoesthepresentperfecttensedifferfromthesimplepasttense?参考答案：①Presentperfect:Actionhappenedinthepastbuthasresultnow(e.g.,"havefinished").②Simplepast:Actionfinishedcompletelyinthepast(e.g.,"finishedyesterday").解析：本题考查单元语法对比。需区分两时态的用法和意义。5.Whatdoesthepassage"TheSecretofHappiness"teachusabouthappiness?参考答案：①Happinesscomesfromsmallactions,notbigevents.②Simplehabitslikesmilinghelpimprovemood.③Helpingothersmakespeoplefeelhappy.解析：本题考查单元主题理解。根据课文第1页，作者强调日常行为对情绪的影响。6.Whydidthestudentsin"ATriptotheMuseum"findthedinosaurbonesinteresting?参考答案：①Theyarerareandancient.②Theyshowhowbigandstrongdinosaurswere.③Theyhelpusunderstandprehistoriclife.解析：本题考查单元阅读细节。根据课文第2段，学生被恐龙化石的规模和科学价值吸引。7.Whatshouldstudentspracticeinthespeakingactivity"AskingforDirections"?参考答案：①Usingquestionphraseslike"Whereis...?"and"HowcanIgetto...?".②Givingclearanswersusinglandmarks.③Politelanguagelike"Thankyou"and"Excuseme".解析：本题考查单元口语技能。需结合课文第4课活动内容回答。8.Howcansmallchangesimproveourlivesaccordingto"ThePowerofSmallChanges"?参考答案：①Smallhabitsformgoodroutines.②Theyleadtogradualimprovement.③Theymakebiggoalseasiertoachieve.解析：本题考查单元主题理解。根据课文第2页，小改变通过积累产生效果。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Writeashortparagraph(5sentences)abouthowyouprotecttheenvironmentinyourdailylife.Includeatleasttwopresentperfecttensesentences.参考答案：Iprotecttheenvironmentbyrecyclingplasticbottlesandsavingwater.Ihaveplantedthreetreesinourgardenthisyear.Thesesmallactionsmakemefeelgood.Ibelieveeveryonecanhelp.Theworldwillbebetterifwealltry.解析：本题考查单元写作应用。需结合环保主题，使用现在完成时表达经验。2.Imagineyouareatourguide.Writeadialogue(8sentences)withavisitoraskingfordirectionstothemuseum'sartsection.参考答案：Visitor:Excuseme,whereistheartsection?Guide:It'sonthesecondfloor,nexttothegiftshop.Visitor:HowcanIgetthere?Guide:Taketheelevatortothetopfloor,thenwalkleft.Visitor:Thankyouverymuch.Guide:You'rewelcome.Theartsectionhasmodernpaintings.Visitor:Great,Ican'twaittoseethem.Guide:Meneither.Haveanicevisit!解析：本题考查单元口语应用。需使用问路场景中的常用句型。3.Completethefollowingsentencewitharelativeclause:"Thebook_______Ireadyesterdaywasveryinspiring."参考答案："ThebookthatIreadyesterdaywasveryinspiring."解析：本题考查单元语法应用。需填入关系代词"that"引导定语从句。4.Writethreesentencesusingthepresentperfecttensetodescribeyourweekendactivities.参考答案：Ihavevisitedmygrandparentsthismorning.Ihavewatchedtwomoviesyesterday.Ihavecleanedmyroomtoday.解析：本题考查单元语法应用。需使用现在完成时描述过去发生但与现在相关的活动。5.Createaposter(6sentences)about"TheSecretofHappiness"withatleastoneadverbofmanner.参考答案：Happypeoplealwayssmilekindly.Theynevercomplainaboutsmallproblems.Sometimestheyhelpstrangerswithoutexpectinganything.Alwaysbeingkindmakeslifebetter.Thesecretissimplebutpowerful.Everyonecanbehappyiftheytry.解析：本题考查单元主题应用。需使用副词描述行为方式。6.Writeashortparagraph(4sentences)aboutyourfavoriteplaceinamuseum.Useatleastoneadjectivephrase.参考答案：Myfavoriteplaceinthemuseumisthedinosaurexhibit.Thebonesarehugeandamazing.Thescientists'notesexplainhowtheylived.Itmakesmefeellikearealpaleontologist.解析：本题考查单元阅读应用。需使用形容词短语描述场景。7.Completethefollowingdialoguewithappropriatephrasesfrom"AskingforDirections":A:_______?B:It'sontheleft,afterthelibrary.A:_______?B:Yes,it'sthebluebuilding.A:_______?B:Justwalkstraightfortwominutes.A:_______?B:I'mhappytohelp!参考答案：A:Whereisthesciencelab?B:It'sontheleft,afterthelibrary.A:Isitfarfromhere?B:Yes,it'sthebluebuilding.A:HowcanIgetthere?B:Justwalkstraightfortwominutes.A:Thankyouverymuch!B:I'mhappytohelp!解析：本题考查单元口语应用。需填入问路场景中的常用句型。