考研英语模拟试卷185

考研英语模拟试卷185

一、完型填空(本题共20题，每题7.0分，共20分。)

Thecellphone,adevicewehavelivedwithformorethanadecade,offersagood

exampleofapopulartechnology'sunforeseensideeffects.Morethanonebillionare

(1)usearoundtheworld,andwhenasked,their(2)saytheylovetheir

phonesforthesafelyandconvenience(3)provide.Peoplealsoreportthattheyare

(4)intheiruseoftheirphones.Oneopinionsurvey(5)that"98percentof

Americanssaytheymoveawayfrom(6)whentalkingonawirelessphonein

public"(7)"86percentsaythey'never'or'rarely'speak(8)wirelessphones1'

whenconducting(9)withclerksorbanktellers.Clearly,thereexistsa(10)

betweenourreportedcellphonebehaviorandouractualbehavior.Cellphoneusersthatis

tosay,mostofusare(II)instigatorsandvictimsofthisformofconversational

panhandling,andit(12)acumulativelynegativeeffectonsocialspace.Asthe

sociologistErvingGuttmannobservedinanother(13),thereissomethingdeeply

disturbingaboutpeoplewhoare"(14)contact"insocialsituationsbecausetheyare

blatantlyrefusingto(15)tothenormsoftheirimmediateenvironment.Placinga

cellphonecallinpublicinstantlytransformsthestrangersaroundyou(16)

unwillinglistenerswhomustcedetoyouruseofthepublic(17).adecidedly

undemocraticeffectforsodemocraticatechnology.Listenersdon'talwayspassively

(18)thissituation:inrecentyears,peoplehavebeenpepper-sprayedinmovie

theaters,(19)fromconcerthallsanddeliberatelyrammedwithcarsasaresultof

(20)behavioronthsircellphones.

1Thecellphone,adevicewchavelivedwithformorethanadecade,offersagood

exampleofapopulartechnology'sunforeseensideeffects.Morethanonebillionarc

(1)usearoundtheworld,andwhenasked,their(2)saytheylovetheir

phonesforthesafetyandconvenience(3)provide.Peoplealsoreportthattheyare

(4)intheiruseoftheirphones.Oneopinionsurvey(5)that"98percentof

Americanssaytheymoveawayfrom(6)whentalkingonawirelessphonein

public'1(7)"86percentsaythey'never'or'rarely5speak(8)wireless

phones"whenconducting(9)withclerksorbanktellers.Clearly,thereexistsa

(10)betweenourreportedcellphonebehaviorandouractualbehavior.Cellphone

usersthatistosay,mostofusarc(11)instigatorsandvictimsofthisformof

conversationalpanhandling,andit(12)acumulativelynegativeeffectonsocial

space.AsthesociologistErvingGuttmannobservedinanother(13),thereis

somethingdeeplydistiubingaboutpeoplewhoare"(14)contact"insocial

situationsbecausetheyareblatantlyrefusingto(15)tothenormsoftheir

immediateenvironment.Placingacellphonecallinpublicinstantlytransformsthe

strangersaroundyou(16)unwillinglistenerswhomustcedetoyouruseofthe

public(17).adecidedlyundemocraticeffectforsodemocraticatechnology.

Listenersdon'talwayspassively(18)thissituation:inrecentyears,peoplehave

beenpepper-sprayedinmovietheaters,(19)fromconcerthallsanddeliberately

rammedwithcarsasaresultof(20)behaviorontheircellphones.

A、of

for

C、in

D、by

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词短语的固定搭配，inuse意为”使用中，被…使用

"o其他选项均搭配不当。

2、

A、masters

B、owners

C、holders

D、inventors

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词的词义辨析，owners物主，所有人。其他选项：

masters主人，雇主；holders持有者，占有者；inventors发明者。据上下文，只有

owner才符合题意°

3、

A、they

who

C、that

D、which

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的考点为上下文句子结构辨析。根据上文，theylovetheirphones

forthesafetyandconvenience(他们因为其安全性和方便而喜欢手机)，后面应是一个

定语从句，即thesafetyandconvenience(that)theyprovideo句中的they指的是

phoneso其余选项不能与provide构成主谓搭配。

4、

A、careful

B、careless

C、courteous

D、cautious

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的考点为形容词的词义辨析，此句意思是：有礼貌地使用电话。

根据下文98percentofAmericanssaytheymoveawayfrom...可知courteou为正确答

案。其余选项：careful小心的；careless粗心的；cautious谨慎的，均不符合题意。

5、

A、expressed

exposed

C、discovered

D、found

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的考点为动词的词义辨析。One叩inionsurveyfound一项意见调

查发现。其余选项搭配不当：expressed表达；exposed暴露；discovered发现，发

觉。

6、

A、other

others

C、theother

D、another

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为代词的词义辨析。moveawayfromothers离开他人。

other为形容词，其他的；theother（两个中的）另一个；another又一个。

7、

A、andthat

B、asfor

C>whereas

D、onthecontrary

标准答案：A•

知识点解析：本题的考点为连词的辨析使用，此处需要一个并列连词：Oneopinion

surveyfoundthat...andthat...一项意见调查发现…并且…。其余选项asfor至于；

whereas然而；onihecontrary正相反，均不合题意。

8、

A、on

B、by

C^via

D、from

标准答案:A

知识点解析：本题的考点为介词辨析使用。speakonwirelessphones（用无线电话讲

话）onthetelephone为固定搭配。

9、

A^acts

B、actions

C、operations

D、transactions

标准答案：D

知识点解析：conductingtransactionswith...与...进行交易。其余选项：acts行动;

actions动作，举动；operations运转，操作。

10、

A、limit

B、gulf

C、river

D^boundary

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词的词义辨析。gulf海湾，此处引申为“隔阂"，agulf

between（感情、意见等）之间的分歧，隔阂。其他选项：limit限制：river河流：

boundary分界线，均不合题意。

11、

A、either

B、neither

C、both

D、all

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的考点为连词的词义辨析。bothinstigatorsandvictims既是煽动

者，乂是受害者。

12、

A、has

had

C、hashad

D、hadhad

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的考点为时态的辨析，ithashadacumulativelynegativeeffecton

socialspace它已经对社会空间产生了累积性的负面影响。根据上下文，此处应该

用现在完成时态，故hashad为正确答案。

13、

A、place

location

C、spot

D、context

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词的上下文词义辨析，inanothercontext在另外的情

况下。选项place地方；localion场所；spot地点，都没有“情况”的意思，不符合题

意。

14、

A^in

B、outof

C、on

D、with

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考的是介词的搭配，。ulofcomaci脱离接触。其余选项：in

contact接触，不符合逻辑;on,with搭配不当。

15、

A、insist

adhere

C、continue

D、attach

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为动词的词义辨析与搭配。adherelo®h）坚持。insist后面

接on或upon；conlinue后面接wilh；allach为及物动词。

16,

ANand

B、in

C^into

D、from

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的考点为动词与介词的搭配，o…将...转变成…，其

他选项介词搭配不当。

17、

A、space

B、phone

C、service

D、facility

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词的上下文搭配。useofthepublicspace公共场所的

使用。其余选项不符合上下文语境。

18、

A、have

find

C、receive

D、accept

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的考点为动宾结构的辨析，passivelyacceptthissituation被动地

接受这种情况。其余三个选项都不能和situation形成通顺的搭配。

19、

A、refused

B、ejected

C、rejected

D、repelled

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题考的是对文章内容的理解和近义词辨析，ejectedfromconcert

halls逐出音乐厅。refused拒绝;rejecl逐抵制;repelled击退，均不合题意。

20、

A、good

B、poor

C^polite

D、rude

标准答案：D

知识点解析：木题的考点为形容词与名词的搭配及对上下文语境的正确理解，rude

behaviorontheircellphones使用手机的粗鲁行为。good和polite不合题意,而poor

的搭配不当。

二、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共20题，每题7.0

分，共20分。）

SomeonehascalculatedthatbythetimeanAmericanrcachestheageof40,heorshehas

beenexposedtoonemillionads.Anotherestimateisthatwehaveencounteredmorethan

600,000adsbythetimewereachtheageofonly18.Now,ofcourse,wedon'tremember

whatexactlytheysaidorevenwhattheproductwas,butacompositemessagegets

through:thatyoudeservethebest,thatyoushouldhaveitnow,andthatit'sokayto

indulgeyourself,becauseyoudeservethecompliments,sexappeal,oradventureyouare

goingtogetasaresultofbuyingthiscarorthosecigarettes.Ourconsumer-based

economymakestwoabsolutelyreciprocalpsychologicaldemandsonitsmembers.Onthe

onehand,youneedthe"discipline"valuestoensurethatpeoplewillbegoodworkersand

leadorderly,law-abidinglives.Ontheotherhand,youneedthe"enjoyyourself

messagestogelpeopletobegoodconsumers.Oneauthorwasdisturbedaboutthe"enjoy

yourselfside,butacknowledgedthat"withoutameansofstimulatingmass

consumption,iheverysiruciureofourbusinessenterprisewouldcollapse."The

interestingquestionhastodowiththepsychologicalconsequencesofthediscrepancy

betweenthedualmessages.The"discipline"or"traditionalvalues"themedemandsthat

onecompartmentofthepersonalityhaveawillstrongenoughtokeeptheindividual

doingunpleasantworkatlowwages,ortostayinanunhappymarriage,and,ingeneral,

todothingslorthegoodofthecommonwealth.The"enjoyyourselfmessage,onthe

otherhand,tendstoencourageaverydifferentkindofpersonality-oncthatisself-

ccntcrcd,basedonimpulse,andisunwillingtodelayrewards.Asanillustration,Ican't

resistrecitingoneofmyfavoriteadsofalltime,anadfromapsychologymagazine:"I

loveme.Fmjustagoodfriendtomyself.AndIliketodowhatmakesmefeelgood.I

usedtositaround,puttingthingsofftilltomorrow.TomorrowI'lldrinkchampagne,and

buyasetofpearls,andpickupthatnewstereo.ButnowIliveinydreamstoday,not

tomorrow."Sowhathappenstousaswetakeintheseopposingmessages,asweare,in

fact,tornbetweentheoppositepersonalitytypesthatoursocietyseemstorequireofus?

Tileresultisanxiety,fear,andamysteriousdread.Thefearofbeingsuckedinand

draggeddownbyourconsumercultureisreal:thecreditcardcompanyisnotfriendly

whenyoudefaultonyourbills.Andweallknowthatthepathofpleasure-seekingand

blindacquisitionisarecipeforfinancialruin-fbrmostofus,anyway-andthat,in

Americansociety,thereisn'tmuchofasafetynettocatchyouifyoufall.

21、FromthefirstparagraphwcknowthatadsinAmericaarevery.

A、pervasive

B、successful

C>convincing

D、impressive

标准答案：A

知识点解析：木题是推论题*根据第1段，一般美国人到40岁为止，接触了100

万条广告。另外一条估计是，我们刚满18岁就接触了60万条广告，由此可见美国

广告的普遍深入程度，故正确答案为pervasive。convincing令人信服的，

impressive给人深刻印象的。

22^Accordingtothepassage,the"discipline"valuesandthe"enjoyyourself

are.

A、contradictoryneedsfromtheconsumers

mutuallycorrespondingpsychologicaldemandsontheconsumers

C、forgoodworkerswholeadorderly,law-abidinglives

D、messagestogetpeopletobegoodconsumers

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第2段，其大意是：我们以消费者为基础的

经济形成两种相互作用的心理需求。一方面，你需要“自律”的价值观来确保人们成

为好工人，过遵纪守法的生活。另一方面，你需要“自我享受”的信息，使人们成为

好的消费者。由此可见，这是一对相互矛盾的需要。

23、Accordingtothe"discipline"or"traditionalvalues"theme.

A、therearedualmessagesforthepsychologicalconsequences

B、oneshouldsacrificehimselffortheinterestofthecoinmonwealth

C、peoplewouldstayinanunhappymarriage

D、theindividualisgladtodounpleasantworkatlowwages

标准答案：B」:

知识点解析：本题是推论题。参见文章第3段，其大意是：双重信息的差异所导致

的心理结果是个有趣的问题。“自律“或“传统价值”的主题要求拥有坚强意志的人

格，使得个人能够从事低薪的、不愉快的工作，或者维系一个不幸的婚姻。总之，

做事是为了国家大局的利益。

24、WhichofthefollowingisNOTtruewiththe"enjoyyourselfmessage?

A、Itisadifferentkindofpersonalityfromothers.

B、Ilisonethatisself-centered.

C、Iliketodowhatmakesmefeelgood.

D、1livemydrcamstoday,nottomorrow.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第4段，其大意是：另一方面，“自我享受”

的信息鼓励非常不同的个性，即以自我为中心、好；中动、计较报酬。…我喜欢做

令自己感觉愉快的事情。我习惯于无所事事，把事情推到明天。我生活在我今天的

梦想中，而非明天。可见其他三个选项都有涉及。只有答案选项非上文所提及的内

容。

25、Fromthelastparagraphwemayinferthat.

A、thereisafearofbeingsuckedinanddraggeddownbyourconsumerculture

B、pleasure-seekingandblindacquisitionispopularinoursociety

C、oneshouldnotdefaultonone'sbills

D^Americansocietyisnotassecureaspeopleassume

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是推论题。参见文章第5段，其大意是：担心被欺骗，被消费文

化拖下水，这种恐惧是实实在在的：你要是拖欠债款，信用卡公司就会对你很不友

好。…在美国社会，如果你掉下来，是没有什么安全网来兜住你的，由此可推断，

美国社会不象人们设想的那样安全。

The1920swasthedecadeofadvertising.Theadvertisingmenwentwild:everything

fromsalttohouseholdcoalwasbeingnationallyadvertised.Ofcourse,adshadbeen

aroundforalongtime.Butsomethingnewwashappening,intermsofbothscaleand

strategy.Forthefirsttime,businessbegantouseadvertisingasapsychologicalweapon

againstconsumers.Withouttheirproduct,theconsumerwouldbeleftunmarried,fall

victimtoaterribledisease,orbepassedoverforapromotion.N/Isdevelopedan

associationbetweentheproductandone'sveryidentity.Eventuallytheycametopromise

everythingandanything-fromself-esteemtostatus,friendship,andlove.This

psychologicalapproachwasaresponsetotheeconomicdilemmabusinessfaced.

Americansinthemiddleclassesandabove(towhomvirtuallyalladvertisingwas

targeted)werenolongerbuyingtosatisfybasicneeds-suchasfood,clothingandshelter.

Thesehadbeenmet.Advertisershadtopersuadeconsumerstoacquirethingstheymost

certainlydidnotneed.Inotherwords,productionwouldhaveto"createthewantsit

soughttosatisfy'1.Thisisexactlywhatmanufacturerstriedtodo.Thenormally

conservativetelephonecompanyattemptedtotransformtheplaintelephoneintoaluxury,

urgingfamiliestobuy"allthetelephonesthattheycanconvenientlyuse,ratherthanthe

smallestamounttheycangetalongwith".Oneadcampaigntargetedfifteenphonesasthe

styleforawealthyhome.Businessclearlyunderstoodthenatureoftheproblem.

Accordingtoonehistorian:"Businesshadlearnedasneverbeforetheimportanceofthe

finalconsumer.Unlessheorshecouldbepersuadedtobuy,andbuyextravagantly,the

wholestreamofnewcars,cigarettes,women'smake-up,andelectricrefrigeratorswould

bedammedupatitsoutlets."Butwouldtheconsumerbeequaltoher/histaskasthe

foundationofprivateenterprise?AtopexecutiveofoneAmericancarmanufacturer

statedthematterbluntly:businessneedstocreateadissatisfiedconsumer;itsmissionis

"theorganizedcreationofdissatisfaction".Thisexecutiveledthewaybyintroducing

annualmodelchangesforhiscompany'scars,designedtomaketheconsumerunhappy

withwhatheorshealreadyhad.Othercompaniesfollowedhislead.Economicsuccess

nowdependedonthepromotionofqualitieslikewasteandself-indulgence.The

campaigntocreatenewandunlimitedwantsdidnotgounchallenged.Tradeunionsand

thoseworkingforsocialreformunderstoodthelong-termconsequencesofmaterialism

formostAmericans:itwouldkeepthemlockedincapitalism'strap.Theconsumptionof

luxuriesrequiredlonghoursatwork.Businesswasexplicitinitsresistancetoincreases

infreetime,preferringconsumptionasthealternativetotakingeconomicprogressinthe

formofleisure.Ineffect,businessofferedupthecycleofwork-and-spend.

26、The1920s'advertisingmenwentwild.

ANaboutsaltandhouseholdcoal

B、overtheiradsscaleandstrategy

C^aboutapsychologicalweapon

D、todevelopanassociationbetweentheproductandtheconsumer

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第1段，其大意是：20世纪20年代是广告

的年代。广告人疯了：从食盐到家庭用煤，所有商品都上了全国的广告。当然，广

告并非新的媒介。但是，在其范围和策略方面有新的内容产生。由此可见，广告人

在广告范围和策略方面达到疯狂的地步。

27、Atypicalexampleof"createthewantsitsoughttosatisfy*1is.

A、acquiringthingstheymostcertainlydidnotneed

B、transformingtheplaintelephoneintoaluxury

C、fifteenphonesasthestyleforawealthyhome

D、buyingallthetelephonesthattheycanconvenientlyuse

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第2段后半部分，其大意是：换句话说，生

产领域要”创造出各种它先前寻求的欲望，这正是制造商们试图做的事情。连保守

的电话公司也试图把朴素的电话换上华贵的外观，促使家家户户购买”供他们方便

使用的所有话机，而非维持过得去的最少的座机数员为此，一个广告策划为富

裕家庭定的目标是至少应有15部话机才够气派。

28、Theimportanceofthefinalconsumerliesin.

A、thepotentialbuyingpower

B、thenatureoftheproblem

C、changingtheproductsintocapital

D^thedemandsforvariousmerchandises

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是推论题。参见文章第3段一位历史学家的话：”商界空前地了

解最终消费者的重要性。除非说服他们来消费，并且奢侈地消费，否则新车、香

烟、妇女的化妆品和电冰箱就会堆积在工厂的门内“。由此可推断，最终消费者的

重要性在于将产品转变成资本。

29、Businessneedstocreateadissatisfiedconsumerbecauseit.

A、promotescompetition

B、helpsimproveproduction

C、putshigherstandardonthemanufacturer

D、pushesforwardproductrenovation

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是推论题。参见文章第4段末，其大意是：商业需要创造不满足

的消费者，其任务是“有组织地创造不满足”。这位主管率先为其公司的汽车引进一

年一变的新车款式，新款的设计促使消费者对他们已经拥有的汽车表示不满。其他

公司也纷纷效法。现在的经济成功取决于推动和促进浪费和放纵的程度。由此可

见，不满足的消费者有助于推进产品的革新。

30、Accordingtothepassage,theterm"materialism"refersto.

A^atheorythatphysicalmatteristheonlyreality

B、adoctrinethattheon'yvalueslieinmaterialwell-being

C、adoctrinethateconomicorsocialchangeismateriallycaused

D^afocusonmaterialratherthanintellectualorspiritualthings

标准答案：D:

知识点解析：本题是词汇题。根据上下文以及全文的内容可知，此处的

materialism,不是”唯物主义.唯物论”,而是追求物资享受的”物质至卜主义.或实

利主义”。

Youmayfallpreytoanonviolentbutfrighteningandfast-growingcrime:identitytheft.

Ithappenstoatleast500,000newvictimseachyear,accordingtogovernmentfigures.

AndithappensveryeasilybecauseeveryidentificationnumberyouhaveSocialSecurity,

creditcard,driver'slicense,telephone"isakeythatunlockssomestorageofmoneyor

goods,"saysafraudprogrammanageroftheUSPostalService."Soifyouthrowaway

yourcreditcardreceiptandIgetitandusethenumberonit,I'mnotbecomingyou,but

tothecreditcardcompanyI'vebecomeyouraccount."Onemajorproblem,expertssay,

isthattheSocialSecurityNumber(SSN)—originallymeantonlyforretirementbenefit

andtaxpurposes—hasbecometheuniversalwaytoidentifypeople.Itisusedas

identificationbythemilitary,collegesandinbillionsofcommercialtransactions.Yeta

shrewdthiefcaneasilysnatchyourSSN,notonlybystealingyourwallet,butalsoby

takingmailfromyourbox,goingthroughyourtrashfordiscardedreceiptsandbillsor

askingforitoverthephoneonsomepretext.UsingyourSSN,thethiefappliesfora

creditcardinyourname,askingthatitbesenttoadifferentaddressthanyours,anduses

itformultiplepurchases.Acoupleofmonthslaterthecreditcardcompany,oritsdebt

collectionagency,pressesyouforpayment.Youdon'thavetopaythedebt,butyoumust

cleanupyourdamagedcreditrecord.Thatmeansgettingapolicereportandcopyofthe

erroneouscontract,andthenusingthemtoclearthefraudfromyourcreditreport,which

isheldbyacreditbureau.Eachstepcanrequireahugeamountofeffort.IntheCollins'

case,theclearanceoftheerroneouschargesfromtheirrecordrequiredthreeyearsof

poringoverrecordsand$6,000insolicitor'sfees.Inthemeantime,theyweredenieda

loantobuildavacationhome,forcedtopaycashforanewheatingandcoolingsystem,

houndedbydebtcollectors,andembarrassedbythespectacleofhavingtheirhome

watchedbyinvestigatorslookingforthemissingcar.Ofcourse,thousandsofpeopleare

caughtandprosecutedforidentitytheft.ButitwasonlylastyearthatCongressmade

identitytheftitselfafederalcrime.Thatlawsetupaspecialgovernmentofficetohelp

victimsregaintheirlostcreditandtostreamlinepoliceeffortsbytrackingcasesona

nationalscale.Consumeradvocatessaythismayhelpbutwillnotaddressthebasic

problems,which,theybelieve,arecausingtheoutbreakinidentitytheft:industry'srush

toattractmorecustomersbyissuinginstantcredit,inadequatecheckingofidentity,and

toofewlegalprotectionsforconsumerspersonalinformation.

31、Whichofthefollowingmayleastmakeyoufallpreytoanonviolentcrime?

A、YourSocialSecurityNumber.

B、Yourcreditcardreceipt.

C^Yourdriver'slicense.

D、Yourtelephone.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第1段，其大意是：盗用他人身份虽属非暴

力犯罪，但却令人恐惧，而且日益猖獗。政府的统计数字表明，每年至少有50万

人成为新的受害者。这类事很容易发生，因为你所有的证件号码，诸如社会福利登

记号、信用卡号、驾照号以及电话号码，”都可能是开启你存储钱物的密码，电话

本身没什么个人信息，因此不那么容易暴露个人身份。

32、Themostcommonlyusedtrickforashrewdthiefis.

A、peepingintocommercialtransactions

B>seizingyourSSN

C>takingmailfromyourbox

D、askingyouoverthephone

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第2、3段，其大意是：专家认为，主要问

题在于社会福利登记号…精明的窃贼能轻而易举地攫取你的社会福利登记号，除了

偷你的钱包外，还可以从你的信箱窃取邮件，从你的垃圾中寻找你扔掉的收据和账

单，或者打个电话以某种借口就可以问到你的号码。

33、Ifthethiefappliesfbracreditcardinyourname,you.

A、shouldn'tbotheritatall

B、hadbetterpayforyourcarelessness

C、shouldgetareportfromthepolice

D^havetospendmuchefforttotackleit

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是推论题。参见文章第5段，其大意是：尽管你不一定非付这些

钱不可，但是你必须消除你被损坏的信用记录。这就意味着你首先必须得到一份警

方的报告和一份冒名顶替的假签约复印件，然后拿着这些材料到信用管理局去消除

你的这些记录。其中的每一步办起来都得费九牛二虎之力。

34、TheCollins'caseimpressthat.

A、theclearanceoftheerroneouschargesisnoteasy

B、theycouldnotapplyaloantobuildavacationhome

C^theyhavetopaycashforalmosteverything

D、itisembarrassedtocleanupthedamagedcreditrecord

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题是推论题。参见文章第6段，其大意是：为了消除信用卡上的冒

名收费记录，他们不但花了三年时间来仔细审查信用记录，而且还花了60印美元

的律师费。不仅如此，也们贷款建度假住房的申请也遭到了拒绝，购买取暖和制冷

系统时被迫用现金支付，讨债者对他们纠缠不休。还有调查人员监视他们的家，以

期寻找失踪的汽车，这令人十分难堪。由此可推论，消除信用卡，的冒名收费记录

很不容易。

35、Thebesttitleforthepassagemaybe.

A^StolenIdentity:ANewEpidemic

B、GuardagainstIdentityTheft

C^HowtoKeepYourIdentitySafe

D、BeCautiousofUsingYourSSN

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是主导题C文章第1段指出盗用他人身份犯罪的猖獗,以后各段

谈到其原因以及由此造成的种种麻烦，并举例加以说明；最后一段用权威人士的话

说，盗用他人身份罪行之所以猖獗一时，其原因在于一些公司急于吸引更多的顾

客，发放即时信用卡，身份验证不严，对消费者的个人信息也没有什么法律保护。

由此可知，这篇文章的主旨是告诫读者谨防个人身份被盗。

Bythemid-sixties,bluejeanswereanessentialpartofthewardrobeofthosewitha

commitmenttosocialstruggle.IntheAmericanDeepSouth,blackfarmersand

grandchildrenofslavesstillsegregatedfromwhites,continuedtowearjeansintheirmid­

nineteenth-centurysense;butnowtheywerejoinedbycollegestudents-blackandwhite­

inabattletooverturndeeplyembeddedracehatred.Theclothesoftheworkersbecamea

sacredbondbetweenthem.Theclothingoftoilcametosignifythedignityofstruggle.In

thestudentrebellionandtheantiwarmovementthatfollowed,bluejeansandworkshirts

providedacontrasttotheuniformsofthedominantculture.Jeansweretheoppositeof

highfashion,theoppositeofthesuitormilitaryuniform.Withtheriseofthewomen's

movementinthelate1960s,thepoliticalsignificanceofdressbecameincreasingly

explicit;Rejectingorthodoxsexroles,bluejeanswereawoman'sweaponagainst

uncomfortablepopularfashionsandtheviewthatwomenshouldbepassive.Thiswasthe

clothofaction;theclothoflaborbecamethebadgeoffreedom.Ifbluejeanswerefor

rebelsinthe1960sandearly1970s,bythe1980stheyhadbecomeafoundationof

fashion-availableinavarietyofcolors,textures,fabrics,andfit.Thesesimplepantshave

madethelongjourney"fromworkers'clothestoculturalrevolttostatussymbol."On

television,inmagazineadvertising,onthesidesofbuildingsandbuses,jeanscalloutto

us.Theirhumblepastisobscured;practicalrootsareincorporatedintoanewaesthetic.

JeansarenowtheuniversalsymboloftheindividualandWesterndemocracy.Theyare

thecostumeofliberatedwomen,withafittightenoughtorestrictliketheharnessofold-

butwiththelookoffreedomandmotion.Inbluejeans,fashionrevealsitselfasa

complexworldofhistoryandchange.Yetlookingatfashions,inandofthemselves,

revealssituationsthatoftendefyunderstanding.Ourabilitytounderstandaspecific

fashion-thecurrentoneofjeans,forexample-showsusthataswetrytomakesenseofit,

ourconfusionintensifies.Itisafashionwhoseveryessenceiscontradictionand

confusion.Topursuethegoalofunderstandingistomovebeyondtheactualclothitself,

towardthemoregeneralphenomenonoffashionandtheworldinwhichithasrisento

importance.Exploringtheroleoffashionwithinthesocialandpoliticalhistoryof

industrialAmericahelpstorevealtheparametersandpossibilitiesofAmericansociety.

Theultimatequestioniswhetherthedevelopmentofimagesofrebellionintomass-

producedfashionshasactuallyresultedinsocialchange.

36、Intheeyesofcollegestudentsinthemid-ninctccnth-centur)/bluejeans

symbolized.

A、acommitmenttosocialstruggle

B、astruggleforsegregation

C、thedignityofstruggle

D、militaryuniform

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第1段末，其大意是：如今，大学生不分白

人和黑人，都加入了他们的行列，为了推翻根深蒂固的种族仇视而奋斗。工装成为

他们之间的神圣纽带。劳工的衣服成为斗争庄严的象征。

37、Whatisthemoststrikingfeatureofjeansinthewomen'smovement?

A^Theclothofaction.

B、Theorthodoxsexroles.

C、Theirpoliticalsignificance.

D^Theweaponagainstuncomfortablepopularfashions.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是细节题。参见文章第3段，其大意是：随着20世纪60年代下

叶妇女运动的兴起，服装的政治意义变得越来越明显。为了拒绝传统的性别角色，

蓝色牛仔裤成为妇女的武器，用来对抗穿着不舒服的流行时装以及妇女应该顺从的

观念。牛仔裤成为行动的制服；劳动服成为自由的象征。

38、Bysaying"jeanscallouttous",(Lines1-2,Para.5)theauthorimpliesthat.

A、jeanssummonusintoaction

B、jeanschallengeustoaduel

C^jeansaskustogetoutofhome

D、jeansbecomeaneye-catchingfashion

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题是词汇题。参见文章第5段，其大意是：在电视里、在杂志广告

中、在建筑物和公交车的侧面，牛仔裤在向我们呼唤。它们卑微的过去已被抹去；

实用的渊源被融入新的审美理念。

39、Accordingtotheauthorjeansarcafashionthat.

A、causesthechangeofworldhistory

B、isbeyondourunderstanding

C>makesnoeconomicsenseatall

D、causescontradictionandconfusionamongpeople

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题是推论题。参见文章第6段，其大意是：在蓝色牛仔裤上，时装

展示了自身历史变化的复杂世界。然而，审视时装本身或其相关内容则揭示了往往

令人费解的情景。我们理解某一具体时装的能力（譬如说，当前的牛仔裤）表明，我

们越是想搞清它的意义，就越感到迷惑不解。它是一种时装，其根本实质就是矛、

盾加费解。

40Fromthelastparagraphwemayconclusionthat.

A^itisdifficulttounderstandthebluejeans

B、jeansareafashionrevolution

C^jeanshelprevealthebackgroundofthesocialchangesintheU.S.

D^jeanshelpshapethecharacteristicsofAmericansociety

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题是主导题c文章第7段指出，要想理解这事就要超越其布料木

身，深入理解更为普遍的时装现象和造成它的崛起的世界。在美国工业化的社会政

治历史背景下，探讨时装的作用有助于揭示美国社会的参数和各种可能性。最根本

的问题在于，从叛逆形象发展成为大规模生产的时装是否带来了社会的实际变化。

三、阅读（补全短文）（本题共5题，每题1.0分，共

5分。）

Youaregoingtoreadanarticlewhichisfollowedbyalistofexamplesorheadings.

ChoosethemostsuitableonefromthelistA-Fforeachnumberedposition（41-45）.There

maybecertainextrawhichyoudonotneedtouse.（10points）A.Periodicalsininitial

stageB.ThefunctionofperiodicalsC.NewspapersandotherperiodicalsonlineD.The

introductionofreviewsE.FeaturesofperiodicalsF.Theemergenceofmodern

periodicalsPeriodicalsrefertopublicationsreleasedonaregularbasisthatmayinclude

news,featurearticles,poems,fictionalstories,orothertypesofwriting.Manyperiodicals

alsoincludephotographsanddrawings.Periodicalsthatarcaimedatageneralaudience,

suchasweeklynewsroundupsormonthlyspecial-interestpublications,arealsocalled

magazines.Thosewithamorenarrowaudience,suchaspublicationsofscholarly

organizations,canbetermedjournals.Whilenewspapersareperiodicals,theterm

generallyhascometorefertopublicationsotherthandailies.(41).Historically,

mustperiodicalshavedifferedfromnewspapersintheirformat,publicationschedule,and

content.Mostnewspapersdealwiththenewsofthedayandareissuedonpulppaper

withrelativelylarge,unboundpages.Bycontrast,othertypesofperiodicalsfocuson

morespecializedmatcriaLandwhentheydealwithnewstheytendtodosointheformof

summariesorcommentaries.Forcentur