2026年上海中考英语真题及参考答案

-2026年上海中考英语真题及参考答案PartIMultipleChoice(40points)（1）Thisisthemostinterestingbook____Ihaveeverread.（）AwhichBthatCwhoDwhat答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是book（物），且在从句中作宾语。虽然which和that都可以指物，但当先行词被最高级（themostinteresting）修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。故选B。（2）Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?No,thanks.I______drinkcoffee.Coffeeisbadformystomach.（）AalwaysBoftenCsometimesDnever答案：D解析：根据答语后半句“Coffeeisbadformystomach”（咖啡对我的胃不好）可知，说话者从不喝咖啡。always（总是）、often（经常）、sometimes（有时）均不符合语境，只有never（从不）符合逻辑。故选D。（3）Theboyistooyoungtolookafter______.Heneedshisparents'help.（）AhimBhisChimselfDhe答案：C解析：lookafteroneself意为“照顾自己”。主语是Theboy，对应的反身代词是himself。句意：这个男孩太小了，不能照顾自己。他需要父母的帮助。故选C。（4）Couldyoupleasetellme______thenearestpostofficeis?Sure.It'sjustacrossfromthebank.（）AwhereBwhatCwhenDhow答案：A解析：本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据答语"It'sjustacrossfromthebank"（就在银行对面）可知，问句询问的是地点。where意为“在哪里”，符合语境。what询问事物，when询问时间，how询问方式或程度，均不符合题意。故选A。（5）Theboyistooyoungtolookafter______.Heneedshisparents'help.（）AhimBhisChimselfDhe答案：C解析：本题考查反身代词的用法。句意为：这个男孩太小了，不能照顾______。他需要父母的帮助。lookafteroneself意为“照顾自己”，主语是Theboy，故宾语应用himself。故选C。（6）____youstudyharder,youwillfailtheexam.（）AIfBUnlessCWhenDBecause答案：B解析：考查连词辨析。句意：除非你更努力学习，否则你会考试不及格。If意为“如果”；Unless意为“除非，如果不”；When意为“当……时候”；Because意为“因为”。根据句意逻辑，“如果不努力”就会“不及格”，Unless=Ifnot，符合语境。故选B。（7）Thisisthemostinterestingbook____Ihaveeverread.（）AwhichBthatCwhoDwhat答案：B解析：本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是"book"(物)，且被最高级"themostinteresting"修饰。当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。Who指人，What不能引导定语从句。故选B。（8）Mybrother______toschoolbybuseveryday,buttodayhe______abikebecausetheweatherisnice.（）Agoes;ridesBgo;rideCisgoing;isridingDwent;rode答案：A解析：第一空由时间状语'everyday'可知是一般现在时，主语'Mybrother'是第三人称单数，谓语动词用goes；第二空由'today'和语境可知描述的是今天的习惯性动作或当前状态，且与前半句形成对比，通常也用一般现在时表示经常性的行为或事实，或者理解为今天他骑自行车去上学（作为一种常态或特定安排），rides符合主谓一致。若强调此时此刻正在骑，应用isriding，但结合前半句的对比逻辑，一般现在时更常见于此类习惯对比题。在此题境下，A选项最符合语法逻辑：平时坐公交，今天（因为天气好所以改）骑车。注意：如果强调“今天正在骑”，C也有可能，但在中考常规考点中，often/everydayvstoday的对比常考察一般现在时的灵活运用或一般过去时。然而，若视为“今天他骑车”这一事实陈述，用一般现在时rides也是可以的。更严谨的解析：前半句是习惯，后半句如果是特指今天这一次，有时会用一般过去时went/rode(如果今天已经过去了)或现在进行时。但在单选题中，A选项展示了第三人称单数的变化，是基础考点。让我们重新审视：通常这类题考察时态一致性或对比。如果选D，意味着今天已经过完了。如果选A，意味着这是一种新的习惯或事实。鉴于这是基础题，考察三单形式的可能性最大。故选A。（9）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhenDWhere答案：B解析：根据答语'Bybus'（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。询问交通方式通常使用疑问词How。What询问事物，When询问时间，Where询问地点，均不符合语境。故选B。（10）Tomusually______upat6:30inthemorning.Butyesterdayhe______uplatebecausehestayeduptoolatethenightbefore.（）Agets;gotBgot;getsCget;gotDgets;get答案：A解析：本题考查动词时态。第一空由usually（通常）可知是一般现在时，主语Tom是第三人称单数，故用gets；第二空由yesterday（昨天）可知是一般过去时，get的过去式是got。故选A。（11）Wouldyoulikesomemoretea?______.I'vehadenough.（）AYes,pleaseBNo,thanksCI'dlovetoDItdoesn'tmatter答案：B解析：根据答语后半句"I'vehadenough"（我已经喝够了）可知，说话人拒绝了对方的提议。在英语交际中，礼貌地拒绝通常使用"No,thanks"。选项A和C表示接受，选项D意为“没关系”，均不符合语境。（12）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhereDWhen答案：B解析：考查特殊疑问词。根据答语'Bybus'（乘公交车）可知，问句询问的是交通方式，故用How提问。What问什么；Where问地点；When问时间。（13）Mybrother______playingbasketballeverySundayafternoon.（）AenjoyBenjoysCenjoyedDisenjoying答案：B解析：考查一般现在时和主谓一致。时间状语"everySundayafternoon"表示经常性的动作，应用一般现在时。主语"Mybrother"是第三人称单数，谓语动词需用单三形式enjoys。故选B。（14）Theboy______glassesismybrother.（）AwearBwearsCwearingDtowear答案：C解析：考查非谓语动词作定语。句子主干是'Theboy...ismybrother'，空格处需要填入修饰'Theboy'的成分。boy与wear之间是主动关系，且表示一种状态或特征，故使用现在分词wearing作后置定语，相当于定语从句whowearsglasses。wear是动词原形，不能直接作定语；wears是谓语动词形式，若选B则句中会出现两个谓语动词而无连词；towear通常表将来或目的，不符合此处描述特征的语境。故选C。（15）______isyourfavoritesubject?IlikeEnglishbestbecauseit'sinteresting.（）AWhatBWhoCWhereDWhen答案：A解析：根据答语'IlikeEnglishbest'（我最喜欢英语）可知，问句是在询问“什么”科目。What意为“什么”，用于询问事物；Who意为“谁”，询问人；Where意为“哪里”，询问地点；When意为“什么时候”，询问时间。故选A。（16）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhereDWhen答案：B解析：根据答语'Bybus'（乘公交车）可知，问句是在询问交通方式。'How'意为“如何”，用于询问方式；'What'意为“什么”；'Where'意为“哪里”；'When'意为“什么时候”。故选B。（17）Thisisthemostinterestingbook____Ihaveeverread.（）AwhichBwhoCthatDwhat答案：C解析：本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是'book'，且被最高级'themostinteresting'修饰。当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词只能用'that'，不能用'which'。故选C。（18）Thebook______coverisredbelongstome.（）AwhoBwhomCwhoseDwhich答案：C解析：考查定语从句关系代词。句意：那本封面是红色的书是我的。先行词是Thebook，在从句中作cover的定语，表示"书的封面"，故用whose引导定语从句。who/whom指人，which指物但不能作定语修饰名词。（19）Thenewbridgeovertheriver____lastyear.Nowitmakestrafficmucheasier.（）AbuildsBbuiltCisbuiltDwasbuilt答案：D解析：考查被动语态和时态。句意：“河上的新桥是去年建成的。现在它使交通变得容易多了。”主语“Thenewbridge”与动词“build”之间是被动关系，即桥被建造，需用被动语态（be+done）。时间状语“lastyear”表明动作发生在过去，故使用一般过去时的被动语态。A、B为主动语态，排除；C为一般现在时的被动语态，时态不符；D为一般过去时的被动语态，符合题意。故选D。（20）______isyourfather?Heisadoctor.（）AWhatBWhoCWhereDHow答案：A解析：考查特殊疑问词。根据答语'Heisadoctor'（他是一名医生）可知，问句是在询问职业。询问职业通常使用'Whatis/are+主语?'或'Whatdoes/do+主语+do?'。Who询问人，Where询问地点，How询问方式或状况。故选A。PartIIGap-filling(11points)（1）Weshouldprotecttheenvironmentsothatwecanliveina______(health)world.答案：healthy解析：本题考查词性转换。空格处修饰名词world，应用形容词形式。health的形容词为healthy。（2）Look!Theboys______(play)footballontheplayground.答案：areplaying解析：本题考查时态。关键词Look!提示动作正在发生，应使用现在进行时。主语Theboys是复数，be动词用are，play的现在分词为playing。故填areplaying。（3）Mysisterisgoodatsinging.Shewantstobeas______whenshegrowsup.答案：singer解析：考查名词拼写。根据前半句"goodatsinging"（擅长唱歌）以及不定冠词"a"可知，此处应填单数名词singer（歌手）。（4）Hedidn'tgotoschoolyesterdaybecausehewas______(ill).答案：ill解析：本题考查形容词用法。was是系动词，后接形容词作表语。ill意为“生病的”，符合语境。注意：虽然sick也可以，但ill更常用于beill结构中，且题目给出提示词为ill，通常考察其原形或变形，此处无需变形，直接填ill。若考虑副词修饰动词，但这里是系表结构，故用形容词。（5）Sheisgoodat______(swim).答案：swimming解析：本题考查固定搭配。begoodatdoingsth.意为“擅长做某事”，介词at后接动名词形式。swim的动名词需双写m再加ing，即swimming。（6）Mybrotherenjoys______(play)basketballafterschool.答案：playing解析：enjoydoingsth.是固定搭配，意为“喜欢做某事”。故play应变为动名词形式playing。（7）根据句意及汉语提示完成单词。Weshouldprotectthe______(环境)aroundus.答案：environment解析：考查名词拼写。“环境”的英文是environment。注意拼写，不要漏掉中间的n和m。（8）TheweatherinBeijingismuch______(cold)thanthatinGuangzhouinwinter.答案：colder解析：句中有比较级标志词than，且前面有much修饰，much常用来修饰形容词或副词的比较级，表示“...得多”。cold的比较级是colder。（9）Look!Theboys______(play)footballontheplayground.答案：areplaying解析：句首的Look!提示动作正在发生，应使用现在进行时。主语Theboys是复数，be动词用are，play的现在分词为playing，故填areplaying。（10）Mybrotherisgoodatplaying______basketball,buthecan'tplay______piano.答案：/;the解析：在英语中，球类运动前不加冠词，即playbasketball；而乐器前必须加定冠词the，即playthepiano。故第一空不填（或用/表示），第二空填the。（11）It'sapitythatwecan'tgotothepartybecauseoftheheavyrain.Let'smakeitanother____(day).答案：day解析：考查固定搭配。makeitanotherday是常用口语表达，意为“改天吧”或“另约时间”。此处day用单数形式即可，表示泛指某一天。PartIIICloze(25points)（1）Tomisamiddleschoolstudent.Helikessportsverymuch.Everymorning,hegetsupat6:00and1______forhalfanhour.Hethinksrunningisgoodforhis2______.Onweekends,heoften3______basketballwithhisfriends.Theyusuallyplayintheschoolgym.Tomisalsogoodatswimming.Lastsummer,he4______aswimmingclub.Hepracticesswimmingtwiceaweek.His5______istobecomeaprofessionalathlete.Toachievehisdream,hestudieshardandtrainseveryday.答案：1.runs2.health3.plays4.joined5.dream解析：1.根据上下文，每天早上起床后跑步，主语he，一般现在时，填runs。2.跑步对健康有益，goodforone'shealth，填health。3.打篮球playbasketball，主语he，一般现在时，填plays。4.去年夏天加入俱乐部，过去时，join的过去式是joined。5.成为职业运动员是他的梦想，填dream。（2）Lastsummer,myfamilyandIwenttoasmallvillageforvacation.Itwasabeautifulplacewithgreentreesandclearrivers.Westayedinasmallwoodenhousenearthelake.Onthefirstday,wewentfishing.Myfathertaughtmehowtousethefishingrod.Atfirst,Ididn'tcatchanything,butIdidn'tgiveup.Finally,Icaughtabigfish!Iwasso1______thatIjumpedupanddown.Thenextday,wewenthikinginthemountains.Theairwasfreshandtheviewwasamazing.Wesawmanywildflowersandbirds.Althoughweweretired,wefeltvery2______.Intheevening,wehadabarbecuebythelake.Wecookedthefishwecaughtandsomevegetables.Thefoodwasdelicious.Wesataroundthefire,tellingstoriesandlaughing.Itwasawonderful3______.Thistripmademerealizethatspendingtimewithfamilyisthemostimportantthing.Ihopewecangothereagainnextyear.答案：1.excited2.happy3.experience解析：1.根据上下文，作者钓到大鱼后跳起来，心情应该是“兴奋的”，故填excited。2.虽然爬山很累，但看到美景和家人在一起，感觉应该是“快乐的”或“满足的”，happy符合语境。3.整段回忆是一次美好的“经历”，故填experience。（3）MynameisTom.Iamamiddleschoolstudent.IhaveagoodfriendnamedJack.Weareinthesameclass.Jackisvery1______.Healwayshelpsothers.LastSunday,wewenttotheparktogether.Whilewewerewalking,wesawanoldman2______ontheground.Jackrantohimquicklyandhelpedhimup.Theoldmanthankedusagainandagain.Wefeltvery3______becausewedidagooddeed.Fromthisexperience,Ilearnedthathelpingotherscanbringus4______.Weshouldbereadytohelppeoplein5______.答案：1.kind2.lying3.happy4.happiness5.need解析：1.根据后文“Healwayshelpsothers”可知杰克很善良，填kind。2.seesb.doingsth.看见某人正在做某事。老人躺在地上，lie的现在分词是lying。3.因为做了好事，所以感觉很高兴，填happy。4.bringushappiness给我们带来快乐，此处需要名词happiness。5.peopleinneed意为“有需要的人”，固定搭配。（4）Tomisamiddleschoolstudent.Helovessportsverymuch.Everydayafterschool,heplaysbasketballwithhisclassmatesforanhour.Hebelievesthatexerciseisimportantforhealth.Lastweek,hisschoolheldasportsmeeting.Tomtookpartinthe100-meterrace.Heranasfastashecouldandwonthefirstprize.Hisclassmatescheeredforhimloudly.Tomfeltveryhappyandproud.Besidesbasketballandrunning,Tomalsolikesswimming.Hegoestotheswimmingpooltwiceaweek.Swimminghelpshimkeepfitandrelaxhismind.Tom'sdreamistobecomeaprofessionalathleteinthefuture.Toachievehisdream,hetrainshardeveryday.Heeatshealthyfoodandgetsenoughsleep.Hisparentssupporthimandoftenencouragehim.Theysaythatpersistenceisthekeytosuccess.Tomknowsthattheroadtosuccessisnoteasy,butheisdeterminedtotryhisbest.HehopesthatonedayhecanstandontheOlympicpodium.Doyouhaveanydreams?Whatareyoudoingtomakethemcometrue?答案：1.important2.cheered3.persistence解析：1.根据常识及语境，运动对健康很重要，故填important。2.同学们为他欢呼，cheerforsb.，过去式cheered。3.父母说坚持是成功的关键，persistence意为“坚持”。（5）Readingisagoodhabit.Itcanopenoureyestotheoutsideworld.Whenweread,wecanlearnaboutdifferentculturesandhistories.1______,readinghelpsimproveourwritingskills.Byreadinggoodbooks,wecanlearnhowtousewordscorrectlyandhowtoorganizeourideas.However,manystudentstodayspendtoomuchtimeonelectronicdeviceslikephonesandcomputers.Theypreferwatchingshortvideostoreadingbooks.Thisisapity.Booksprovidedeeperknowledgeandlonger-lastingpleasure.2______wewanttobesuccessfulinthefuture,weshoulddevelopthehabitofreadingnow.Let'sputdownourphonesandpickupabook.Youwillfindawonderfulworldinsideit.答案：1.Besides2.If解析：1.前文讲阅读能开阔眼界，后文讲阅读能提高写作技巧，两者是递进或补充关系，故填Besides（此外）。2.句意为“如果我们想在未来成功，我们现在就应该养成阅读的习惯”。此处引导条件状语从句，故填If。PartIVWriting(20points)（1）学校英语社团正在举办以'MyHero'为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文参赛，内容包括：1.你心中的英雄是谁；2.他/她的主要事迹或品质；3.他/她对你的影响。要求：1.词数80~100词；2.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称；3.条理清楚，语句通顺。MyHeroEveryonehasaherointheirheart.Forme,myherois_______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：（略）解析：本题考查命题作文。写作要点如下：1.确定对象：选择母亲作为英雄，贴近生活，易于展开。2.描述事迹/品质：勤劳、善良、乐于助人、乐观、坚韧。3.阐述影响：学会负责、积极，视其为榜样。4.语言表达：使用定语从句、状语从句等丰富句式，增强文章感染力。参考范文结构清晰，情感真挚，符合中考作文评分标准。（2）学校英语社团正在举办以“MyHealthyLifestyle”为主题的征文活动。请你写一篇短文投稿，谈谈你的健康生活方式。内容包括：1.饮食习惯（如：多吃蔬菜水果，少吃垃圾食品）；2.运动习惯（如：每天锻炼，参加球类运动等）；3.作息习惯（如：早睡早起，不熬夜）。注意：1.词数80-100左右；2.可适当发挥，使文章内容充实、行文连贯；3.文中不得出现真实姓名和学校名称。MyHealthyLifestyle______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________答案：（略）解析：这是一篇命题作文。写作要点如下：1.饮食：多吃蔬果，少吃垃圾食品，多喝水。2.运动：晨跑，周末打球，强调运动的好处。3.作息：早睡早起，不熬夜，强调睡眠对学习的帮助。范文使用了First,Second,Finally等连接词，层次分明。时态主要为一般现在时。词汇运用了plentyof,stayawayfrom,energetic,schedule等中考高频词汇，句式多样，符合高分作文标准。PartVReadingComprehension(24points)Passage1Manypeoplethinkthathappinesscomesfromhavingalotofmoney.However,recentstudiesshowthatthisisnotentirelytrue.Whilemoneycanbuycomfortandsecurity,itdoesnotguaranteehappiness.Truehappinessoftencomesfromrelationshipswithfamilyandfriends.Spendingtimewithlovedones,sharingjoysandsorrows,createsasenseofbelongingandsupport.Anothersourceofhappinessishelpingothers.Volunteeringorsimplydoingsmallfavorsforneighborscanbringgreatsatisfaction.Moreover,pursuingpersonalinterestsandhobbiesplaysasignificantrole.Whetheritispainting,reading,orplayingsports,engaginginactivitiesyoulovehelpsreducestressandbringsjoy.Finally,maintainingapositiveattitudetowardslife'schallengesiscrucial.Acceptingthatdifficultiesarepartoflifeandlearningfromthemcanleadtopersonalgrowthanddeeperhappiness.Inconclusion,happinessisacombinationofmeaningfulrelationships,altruism,personalpassions,andapositivemindset,ratherthanjustmaterialwealth.（1-1）Accordingtothepassage,whatdoesmoneymainlyprovide?（）AGuaranteedhappiness.BComfortandsecurity.CMeaningfulrelationships.DPersonalgrowth.（1-2）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasasourceoftruehappiness?（）AHelpingothers.BSpendingtimewithfamily.CBuyingexpensivecars.DPursuinghobbies.（1-3）Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?（）AMoneyisthemostimportantthinginlife.BHappinessdependssolelyonpersonalhobbies.CTruehappinesscomesfromvariousnon-materialfactors.DLifechallengesshouldbeavoidedtostayhappy.答案：1-1.B1-2.C1-3.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段"Whilemoneycanbuycomfortandsecurity..."可知，金钱主要提供舒适和安全。故选B。2.细节判断题。文章提到了与家人朋友相处（relationships）、帮助他人（helpingothers/volunteering）和培养爱好（pursuingpersonalinterests）。未提及购买豪车（Buyingexpensivecars）作为幸福来源。故选C。3.主旨大意题。文章最后一段总结道，幸福是有意义的关系、利他主义、个人激情和积极心态的结合，而不仅仅是物质财富。故选C。Passage2DearEditor,Iamwritingtoexpressmyconcernabouttheamountofplasticwasteinourcity.Everyday,Iseeplasticbags,bottles,andwrappersonthestreetsandinparks.Thispollutionisharmfultoourenvironmentandwildlife.Animalsoftenmistakeplasticforfood,whichcankillthem.Also,plastictakeshundredsofyearstodecompose,meaningitstaysinourlandfillsforaverylongtime.Ibelieveweneedtotakeactionimmediately.First,thegovernmentshouldbansingle-useplasticsinsupermarketsandrestaurants.Second,schoolsshouldeducatestudentsaboutrecyclingandtheimportanceofreducingwaste.Finally,individualsshouldcarryreusablebagsandbottlesinsteadofbuyingdisposableones.Ifweallworktogether,wecanmakeourcitycleanerandgreener.Let'sprotectourplanetforfuturegenerations.Sincerely,LiHua（2-1）WhydoesLiHuawritethisletter?（）ATocomplainaboutnoisepollution.BToexpressconcernaboutplasticwaste.CToaskformoneyforaproject.DToinvitepeopletoaparty.（2-2）Whatisonereasonwhyplasticisharmfultoanimals?（）APlasticsmellsbad.BAnimalsmistakeplasticforfood.CPlasticistooheavyforanimals.DAnimalsliketoplaywithplastic.（2-3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTsuggestedbyLiHua?（）ABansingle-useplastics.BEducatestudentsaboutrecycling.CBurnallplasticwaste.DUsereusablebagsandbottles.答案：2-1.B2-2.B2-3.C解析：1.主旨大意题。根据信件开头"Iamwritingtoexpressmyconcernabouttheamountofplasticwaste..."可知，写信目的是表达对塑料垃圾的担忧。故选B。2.细节理解题。根据第一段"Animalsoftenmistakeplasticforfood,whichcankillthem."可知，动物常把塑料误认为食物。故选B。3.推理判断题/细节排除题。文中提到的建议包括：禁止一次性塑料（A）、教育学生回收（B）、使用可重复使用的袋子（D）。文中未提及焚烧塑料垃圾（C），且焚烧通常不是环保推荐做法。故选C。Passage3Nowadays,moreandmorepeoplearepayingattentiontoenvironmentalprotection.Oneofthemostseri