考研英语模拟试卷127

考研英语模拟试卷127

一、完型填空（本题共20题，每题1.0分，共20分。）

Americanstodaybelievethatacceptablesocialbehaviorfollowseffortlesslyfrom

personalvirtue.The(I)betweenmoralsandmannershasbecomeblurred.

(2)youneedisagoodheart,mostpeopleassume,andthe(3)willtakecare

ofitself.Youdon'thavetowritethank-younotes.ManyAmericansbelievethatnatural

behaviorisbeautiful.The"natural"(4)tohumanrelationspresumesthattoknow

anypersonwellenoughistolovehim,thatthe(5)humanproblemisa

communicationproblem.This(6)thatpeoplemightbeseparatedbybasically,

generallyirreconcilabledifferences—philosophical,political,orreligious—andassumes

thatallsuchdifferencesarc(?)misunderstandings.Indeed,ithasneverbeeneasier

toinsultpeopleinadvertently.Agentlemanopensadoorforaladybecausehismother

(aughthimthatladies(8)suchcourtesies,butshe(9)andspitsinhiseye

becausehehasinsultedherwomanhood.Ayoungladyoffersherseatina(10)bus

toanelderly,frailgentleman,andhegiveshera(11)lookbecauseshehasinsulted

his(12)Mindyou,thosearejustpeople(13)tobenice;theonlyproblemis

(hattheyare(14)ondifferentsystemsof(15).Curiously,i(hasneverbeen

(16)toinsultpeopleintentionally.Ifyousay,"YouarenastyandIhateyou,"the

personis(17)toreply,"Oh,you'refeeling(18);I'llwaituntilyoufeelbetter.

"Theideathepeoplecanbehave"naturally"withoutresortingtoa(n)(19)code

tacitlyagreeduponbytheirsocietyisassillyastheideathattheycancommunicateby

usingalanguagewithout(20)acceptedsemanticandgrammaticalrules.

1、Americanstodaybelievethatacceptablesocialbehaviorfollowseffortlesslyfrom

personalvirtue.The(1)betweenmoralsandmannershasbecomeblurred.

(2)youneedisagoodheart,mostpeopleassume,andthe(3)willtakecare

ofitself.Youdon'thavetowritethank-younotes.ManyAmericansbelievethatnatural

behaviorisbeautiful.The"natural"(4)tohumanrelaticnspresumesthattoknow

anypersonwellenoughistolovehim,thatthe(5)humanproblemisa

communicationproblem.This(6)thatpeoplemightbeseparatedbybasically,

generallyirreconcilabledifferences—philosophical,political,orreligious—andassumes

thatallsuchdifferencesarc(?)misunderstandings.Indeed,ithasneverbeeneasier

toinsultpeopleinadvertently.Agentlemanopensadoorforaladybecausehismother

(aughthimthatladies(8)suchcourtesies,butshe(9)andspitsinhiseye

becausehehasinsultedherwomanhood.Ayoungladyoffersherseatina(10)bus

toanelderly,frailgentleman,andhegiveshera(II)lookbecauseshehasinsulted

his(12)Mindyou,thosearejustpeople(13)tobenice;theonlyproblemis

(hattheyare(14)ondifferentsystemsof(15).Curiously,ithasneverbeen

(16)toinsultpeopleintentionally.Ifyousay,"YouarenastyandIhateyou,"the

personis(17)toreply,nOh,you'refeeling(18);I'llwaituntilyoufeel

better,"Theideathepeoplecanbehave"naturally"withoutresortingtoa(n)(19)

codetacitlyagreeduponbytheirsocietyisassillyastheidea(ha((heycancommunicate

byusingalanguagewithout(20)acceptedsemanticandgrammaticalrules.

A、instinct

distinction

C、intuition

D^similarity

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词的词义辨析。这句话的意思是说”存在于道德和礼

貌之间的_____己经变得模糊了”。由此可知distinction”区别，界限”符合文意。

instinct"本能"，intuition"直觉"，similarity"相似性"均不合适。

2、

A、That

B、Each

C、All

D^Everything

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的考点为定语从句中指代词的用法辨析。根据文章的意思，这里

要表达的是“你所需要的只是一颗好心"，所以All符合文意，All之后省略了指代

词that。其余各项都不符合定语从句的用法。

3、

A、rest

B、people

C、minority

D、majority

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词的词义及用法辨析。与前面的the相连用来指除了

大多数人以外的人群应使用rest,therest"其余的人",所以rest符合文意。people"

人们"，minority”少数"，majority"大多数”均不合适。

4、

A、approach

B、way

C、road

D、means

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为way的用法辨析。approach”途径“，way”方法，手段

",road"道路"，means"手段，方法thewayto..."通向…之路"，可用于抽象意

义，而road强调具体的道路。因此way符合文意。

5、

A^essential

B、last

C、same

D、only

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的考点为对文章内容的理解和形容词的词义辨析。空格处前一句

提到”要充分了解任何一个人就要去爱他”，那么就不应该存在什么问题，如果出现

问题也应该是惟一的、仅有的，所以only符合文意。essential"基本的"，last"最后

的”，same”相同的”都与文意不符。

6、

A、approves

B、denies

C、supports

D、disagrees

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为对上下文的理解和动词的词义及用法辨析。通过前文可

知，人们之间的问题只是交流的问题，而本句中”人们被不可调和的差异分开”与前

文内容不一致，所以denies"否认”符合文意。approves"同意,赞成"，supports"支持

”不符合逻辑；disagrees"不一致"，后需与with连用。因此这三项都不正确。

7、

A、nomorethan

B、notmore(han

C、abitmorethan

D、muchmorethan

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的考点为nomorethan的用法辨析根据上文内容可推知这里表

达的意思是”所有这些差别仅仅是误解”，所以n。morelhan”仅仅是“，为固定词

组，符合文意。其余各项均用于比较关系。

8、

A、dislike

B、appreciate

C、thank

D、approve

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为动词的词义及用法辨析。dislike"不喜欢"，appreciate”赞

成：欣赏"，thank"感谢"，approve"赞成"四个选项中.能和courtesies"礼仪"连用，

并能与opensadoorforalady形成因果关系的，只有appreciateoappreciatesuch

courtesies”喜欢这样的礼仪",符合文意。

13、

A、trying

B、refusing

C、showing

D、looking

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的考点为对上下文的理解和动词的词义辨析。前一句话提到老人

对让座的人瞪眼；这一句又说”请注意。那些只是一些______表现出友善的人“。由

此可推知这些人是想尽力对别人表现出友善的，所以trying”尽力”符合文意。

refusing"拒绝"，showing"表现"，looking"看上去"都与文意不符。

14、

A、establishing

B、assuming

C、observing

D^operating

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的考点为动词的词义辨析。通过.卜.文的”他们要表示友好”可判断

此处应为operating"实施"。establishing”建立"，assuming"假定",observing"遵守"都

与文意不符。

15、

A、etiquette

B、ceremony

C^manners

D、courtesy

标准答案：A

知识点解析：本题的考点为名词的词义及用法辨析。etiquette”礼节，礼仪”，

ceremony"典礼，仪式"，manners"礼貌，规矩"，courlesy"礼貌，客气"。四个选项

中能总称为"礼仪"且与主题一致的，只有etiquette,其面容包括了manners和

courtesy,所以该项正确“

16、

A、harder

easier

C、worse

D^better

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为对上下文的理解和形容词的比较级辨析。根据文章大

意，该句表达的意思是”故意冒犯别人也不是什么较容易的事”，所以easier”较容易

的”符合文意。harder"较难的"，worse”较差的"，better”较好的”都与文章竟用不

符。

17、

A、opt

B、apt

C、apparent

D、adorable

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为形容词的词义和apt的用法辨析。根据上下文的意思，

这里是说“那个人倾向于回答”。因此，叩t”易于…的，有…倾向的"，beaptto”容

易…,倾向于…”，为固定搭配，符合题意。opt"选择“，apparent”明显的”，

adorable”可爱的，迷人的”都与句子的结构和意思不符。

18、

A、friendly

B、terrible

C、disgusting

D^hostile

标准答案：D

知识点解析：本题的考点为对上下文的理解和形容词的词义辨析。结合文章的内容

可知这里需要填一个与下文的feelbeller意思相反的词，所以lerrible"极坏的，极

糟的”符合文意。friendly”友好的”,disgusting”令人讨厌的"，hostile”敌对的”都与文

意不符。

19、

A^natural

B、artificial

C、false

D、artistic

标准答案：B

知识点解析：本题的考点为对文章内容的理解和形容词的词义辨析。natural”自然

的“，artificia「人造的，假的"，false”假的,不正确的"，artistic”艺术的“。四个选项

中与上文的naturally形成对比的只有artificial»其余各项都不符合文意°

20、

A、superficially

profoundly

C、commonly

D^individually

标准答案：C

知识点解析：本题的考点为副词的词义辨析。根据.上下文，这里要表达的意思是”

没有普遍接受的语义语法规则”，所以commonly“普遍地”符合文意。superficially"

表面上"，profoundly"深刻珈'，individually"个人地"都与文散不符。

二、阅读(常规阅读理解)(本题共20题，每题

分，共20分。)

Whetherornotanimalsfeelisnotaltogetheraneasyquestiontoanswer.Ahumanbeing

hasdirectawarenessonlyof(hepainswhichhehimselfsuffers.Ourknowledgeofthe

painsevenofotherhumanbeingsisonlyaninferencefromtheirwords,andtoalesser

extenttheirbehaviors.Animalscannottelluswhat(heyfeel.Wecan,ofcourse,study

(heirbodilyreactionstothekindofstimuliwhichwouldbepainfultohumanbeingsand

thishasoftenbeendone.Whensuchstimuliareappliedtoanimals,theirpupilsdilate,

theirpulserateandbloodpressurerise,theymaywithdrawthestimulatedlimbandthey

maymakestrugglingmovements.Neverthelessithasbeenpointedoutthatnoneofthese

reactionscansafelybetakenasindicationsthattheanimalexperiencespainbecausethey

canallbeevokedwhenthepartsofthebodystimulatedhavebeenisolatedfromthe

highernervouscentres.Furthermore,whendiseaseproducessuchanisolationinhuman

beingsthecorrespondingstimuliarcpainless.Wcmustthereforelookforotherevidence

asthecapacityofanimalstoexperiencepain.Basically,allthsnervouselementswhich

underlietheexperienceofpainbyhumanbeingsaretobefoundinallmammalian

vertebratesatleast;thisishardlysurprisingaspainisaresponsetoapotentiallyharmful

stimulusandisthereforeofgreatbiologicalimportanceforsurvival.Is(hereanyreason,

(hen,forsupposingthatanimals,thoughequippedwithallthenecessaryneurological

structures,donotexperiencepain?Suchaviewwouldseemtopresupposeaprofound

qualitativedifferencein(hementallifeofanimalsandmen.Thedifferencebetween(he

humanandsubhumannervoussystemlieschieflyinthemuchgreaterdevelopmentofthe

humanforebrain.Thiswouldbesignificantinthepresentcontextonlyiftherewere

reasontobelievethatitalonewascorrelatedwiththeoccurrenceofconscious

experiences.Butmuchofourknowledgeofthenervousregulationofconsciousnessis

derivedfromexperimentsonanimals.Ineverydaylifewctakeitforgrantedthatanimals

seeandhear,andthereseemsnoreasontosupposethattheydonotfeelpain.So,while

(hereactionsofthepupils,pulserateandbloodpressurementionedabovecanin

exceptionalcircumstancesoccurwithouttheconsciousexperienceofpain,itseemslikely

(hatintheintactanimaltheyareindicationsthatpainisbeingexperienced.

21、Ourknowledgeofthepainsanimalsfeelcanbeobtainedthrough

A^aninferencefromiheirwords.

B、studyoftheirdirectawarenessofthepains.

C、studyoftheirreactiontopaincausingstimuli.

D、aninferencefromtheirbehavior.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。文章第一段提到：动物不能告诉我们它们的感受，我们可以

通过研究它们怎样对使人产生痛觉的刺激物做出反应来获知这一点。由此可知”研

究它们对产生疼痛的刺激物的反应”符合文意。”从其言语中推断“，“研究它们对疼

痛的直接意识“和“从其行为中推断”均不是文章中提到的方法。

22、Painisvitaltothesurvivalofhumanbeingandallmammalianbecause

A、itcanbefoundinvertebrates.

B、itconsistsofnervouselements.

C、itunderliesmentallife.

D、itisaresponsetoharmfulstimuli.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。文章第二段开头部分论证了疼痛具有使动物生存下去的生物

意义；疼痛是对潜在的危险刺激物的反应。两者由therefore”因此"连接，为因果关

系，所以”它是对危险刺激物的反应”符合文意。”它能在脊椎动物中找到“，"它包

含神经要素”和“它构成精神生活的基础”都不符合文章的意思。

23>Thehumannervoussystemdiffersfromthatofanimalsinthat

A^manhasmoredevelopedforebrain.

B、mancanfeelpainswhileanimalscan't.

C、manhasdifferentneuralstructures.

D、man'smentallifeisinnaturedifferentfromthatofanimals.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章第二段中间部分明确指出人类的神经系统与低于人类的

神经系统的区别主要在于人类有相当发达的前脑，而动物神经系统属于低于人类的

神经系统，所以“人类有更发达的前脑”符合文意。”人类能感觉到疼痛而动物不能”

与本文主旨相矛盾，”人类有着不同的神经系统结构”是对题意的事:复，”人类的精

神生活在本质上与动物的不同”是对原文细节的歪曲。

24>Wecanconcludefromthelastparagraphthat

A^thereactionsofthepupilsarerelevanttopain.

B、thefactthatanimalssee2ndhearhasbeencommonlyaccepted.

C、animalscanfeelpaininexceptionalcircumstances.

D^it'sreasonabletosupposethatanimalsdon'tfeelpain.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理题。文章最后•段第一句话提到“日常生活中我们把动物能听能

看当作理所当然的事”，由此可得出结论：人们对这一事实是普遍接受的，所以答

案选项正确。接下来作者讲到瞳孔的反应有时在没有痛感时发生，所以“瞳孔的反

应与疼痛有关”过于绝对；"动物在个别情况下感到疼痛”并未在文中提及；”动物没

有痛觉的假设是合理的”与原文意思相反。

25、Theauthorseemstoagreeihat

A、animalsmayfeelpain.

B、onlyhumanbeingscanfeelpain.

C、wecan'ttellwhatpainmeanstoananimal.

D、humanbeingscanlearnfromanimalstoavoidpain.

标准答案：A」

知识点解析：主旨题。在文章的结论部分，作者指出”瞳孔、脉搏和血压的反应只

有个别情况卜.是在没有经历痛感时发牛，在未受损动物身上这些反应表明它们在经

历疼痛”。因此，作者的观点应为“动物可能会感觉到疼痛“。"只有人类能感觉疼痛

”与本文主旨相反，“我们不能判定疼痛对动物意味着什么“和“人类能从动物那里学

会避免疼痛”未在文中涉及，也不是可以直接推出的结论C

Nowthatmanymediachieftainshavefallenintodisreputeandhaveleft,thosewhoare

stillinpositionsfeeltheneedtotaketheproblemseriously."CEOswereoverturnedas

weresomestocks."ThatishowAOLTimeWarnerentertainmentgroupChairmanJeff

Bewkessummeditup.Theeraofthe"imperial"(one-manrule)CEOhascometoanend,

MTVNetworksChairmanTomFrestonadded.Thetwoexecutivesagreedthatthe

industry'scomplexandoftenill-fatedmegsmergershadproventhatbiggerisnot

necessarilybetter,nomatterhowbigthereputationsofthepersonalitiesbehindthem.

Thecontinuingflameoutofmediaexecutiveswhoafewyearsagowerehailedas

visionarieswasactivethismonth,andtheindustry'sfearsreachedintotheexecutive

ranksofmusic,publishingandTV.TechnologyvisionarySteveCaseleftaschairmanof

AOLTimeWarner,replacedbyChiefExecutiveRichardParsons.Topexecutivesat

SonyMusic,MCARecordsandRandomHousewerebooted.AndWalterIsaacson,

chairmanofCNNNetworks,leftforathinktank.Thisshowsjusthowdifficultithas

becometofind(herightmanagersfortheterriblyalteredmedia."Manyexecutivesgot

caughtupinthelate90'sboominthemediaindustryandgotaheadofthemselvesin

strategicvisionfortheircompanies,*'saidMarkMay,ofUSinvestmentfirmKaufman

Bros."Ittakesmore(hanacoupleofyearsforthesecompaniestobereadyforanother

visionary."Thecollapseofthedotcombubble,theabilityofmusicfanstogetsongsfree

ontheInternet,saggingbottomlinesandintensecompetitionamongcableTVnews

networksaresomedevelopmentsthathelpedtripupmediaexecutivesrecently.Butthe

urgetomergewasoneoftheirweakestpoints.Itisnotthatmediacompaniesshould

avoidallmergers,saidLarryHaverty,managingdirectoratStateStreetResearch,aUS

investmentmanagementfirm.Theyneedacquisitionsforgrowth.Butmakingthemwork

isarealchallenge.Theyneedtochoosewhatpiecesfittogetherandhowmuchtheyarc

worth.Theyneedtoadjustquicklywhentechnologyandconsumerhabittrendsshift.

And,morethaneventheymustbecarefulnottopromisetoomuch.SonyCorp,of

AmericaChairmanHowardStringersaidthatanexecutivetodayis"(herarestofsenior

entertainmentexecutives,equallyadeptalbusiness,managementstrategyandvalue

creation,aswellasaconsummate(完美的)andprovendeveloperofcontent,talentand

ideas'1.

26.BothJeffandTomagreethat

A、mediachieftainsarevisionaryandactive.

B、mediaexecutiveshavebigreputationsandnicepersonalities.

C、themediaindustryshouldbecautiousaboutmerger.

D、themediaindustryistoocomplicatedtohandle.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理题。文章第三段提到，Jeff和Toni一致认为公司并非越大越

好，这是由巨型公司合并的失败得到证明的。因此，他们的观点是“传媒业对并购

应持谨慎态度"。”传媒领袖是有远见且积极的”和“传媒经理人有着很好的声誉和人

品"是对二人观点的错误表述；ihemediaindustryisloocomplicated是对原文"the

industry'scomplex...mergers"的曲解，所以这三项都不正确”

27、Theword"flameout"（LineI,Paragraph4）mayprobablymean

A^extravagance.

B、promotion,

C、merger.

D、resignation.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：语义题。从构词法角度看，此词为合成词：flame（火焰）+out（熄灭），

即"熄火，中断"之意；另外，Thecontinuingflameoul指的是上文传媒业高层经理持

续不断的离职。因此，resignation'll^,辞职”符合文意。”奢侈，浪费“，”提升，

促进“，“合并”都与文章意思不符。

28、Whatcausedthedeclineofmedia?

A、Therearenovisionaryexecutives.

B、Corporatestrategiesareaheadoftime.

C、Manyexecutivesgotcaughtinthelate90's.

D、Manywiseexecutiveshaveleftthemediaindustry.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。文章第六段指出很多经理人都沉浸在90年代末传媒业的繁

荣时期，因而给公司定制了超前的目标，这些公司恐怕还得过几年才能用到那样的

战略目标。因此，”公司的战略超前”符合文意。”没有有远见的经理人”过于绝对，

中caughT'被捉”是对原文中”吕3uaughlupinthebuuin"的曲解，"很多明智的经理

人已离开了传媒业”是该行业衰落引起的后果，而非原因，所以这三项都不正确。

29Thebiggestproblemmediaexecutivesarefacingnowadaysis

A、thedesiretocombine.

B、competitionamongcableTV.

C、thecollapseofmediaindustry.

D、theinterferencefromInternet.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章第七段指出了高层管理者陷入困境的原因：网络经济泡

沫的破裂、歌迷可从网上下载歌曲、有线电视的竞争以及强烈的合并欲望；而这些

原因中最薄弱的环节是“并购的欲望”，所以答案选项正确。

30、Accordingtothetext,agoodmediaCEOneedsthefollowingcapabilitiesEXCEPT

A、beingskilledatbusiness.

B、havingtheabilitytoadjustbeforetrendschange.

C、beingexpertindevelopingtalentandthoughts.

D、havingtheabilitytomanageandcreate.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。文章第八段和第九段对如何当好传媒业高层管理者进行了论

述，其中涉及到在商业方面很擅长、在开发才能和思枳方面很专业以及有能力去管

理和创造，即题目中的其他三个备选项。文章第八段结尾处指出要根据趋势变化做

出调整，所以"在趋势变化之前进行调整”是不正确的。

ApossibleconflictinIraq;deterioratingeconomiesinSouthAmericasfamineinsub-

SaharanAfrica;turmoilinIndonesia;politicalinstabilityintheBalkans.Andinmany

developingcountries,persistentcrime,lousyeducationandalackofopportunitiesfor

energeticpeopletoprosperwithoutgraftandpoliticalconnections.Nowondersomany

peoplewantthechanceofabetterlifeinthestable,meritocraticeconomiesoftherich

world.Nowondertheyrisktheirlifesavings,oreventheirlives,tobuythehopeof

higherearnings,fairertreatmentandbetteropportunitiesfortheirfamilies.This

movementofhumanitybringsundoubtedgains,andnotjusttotheimmigrants.Thegap

betweenearningsinthepoorandrichworldsisvastlygreaterthanthegapinthepricesof

tradedgoods.Asoursurveyargues,thepotentialeconomicbenefitstotheworldof

liberalizingmigrationdwarfthosefromremovingtradebarriers.Wherepopulationsare

agingandeconomiesaresluggish,thebenefitsareespeciallygreat.Immigrants,unlike

natives,movereadilytoareaswherelabourisinshortsupply,soeasingbottlenecks.

Theybringajust-in-timesupplyofskills,too,whichiswhyhospitalswanttohireforeign

doctorsandnurses;farmers,sparehandstopickfruitandvegetables;andwealthy

couples,nanniesfortheirchildren.Inmanycases,immigrantsalsopaymoreintaxes

(hantheycostinpublicspending.Butvotersinrichcountriesoftendon'tseethingsthis

way.Likeotherforcesofglobalization,immigrationisdisruplive,andatthemost

intimatelevel.Itchangestheneighbourhood.Peopleinthestreetspeakoddlanguages;

theneighbours'cookingsmeEsstrange.Soimmigrationoftenmeetspassionate

resistance.Evenincountriesbuiltonimmigration,liketheUnitedStates,politicians

hesitatetopressforeasierentry.AmericahasrefusedtostrikeadealwithMexicotolet

inmorelegalmigrants.InEurope,hostilityisdeeperandcanbemoredangerous.Inthe

pastyear,thefarrighthasgainedinelectionsinFrance,Denmark,Austriaand

Netherlands.Thehostilitymaywellincrease.Immigrationhasboomedinthepastdecade

partlybecauserichcountrieshavecreatedlotsofjobs.Iftheeconomicslowdown

persists,unemploymentissuretobreedgreaterresentment.Anotherterroristattackalong

(helinesofSeptember11th,2(X)1would,rightlyorwrongly,increasefearsthat

immigrantsthreatensecurity.And,asHIVspreadsinthepoorworld,richcountrieswill

fretaboutthethreattotheirhealthservicesandtheriskofAIDS.Howthentosquarethe

conflictingpressuresofpoliticsandeconomics?Thefirstessentialistoacceptthat(he

votersrighttoasayaboutwhoandhowmanycanentermusttakeprecedenceover(he

rightsofthoseunluckyenoughtobeborninpoorerpartsoftheworld.Thetaskof

politicians—andofemployersistopersuadevotersthatimmigrationisnotonly

inevitablebutalsointheirlorg-terminterests.

31、Theword"meritocratic"(Paragraph1)isclosestinmeaningto

A、meritorious.

B、prosperous.

C、tosucceedwithhardwork.

D、toprosperwithachievement.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：语义题。本句话与上下文形成对比：在发展中国家有能力的人不行

贿、不通过政治关系很难成功。于是他们来到了发达国家，希望在这种稳定、英才

管理的经济中过上好日子。据此对比关系可推出该词的意思应该是凭自己的能力发

达起来，无需贿赂或任何政治背景，所以“以努力工作来获得成功”符合文意。"值

得称赞的“，“繁荣的“，”以成就来繁荣”都与文意不符。

32、Immigrationbringseconomicbenefitsinthat

A、itnarrows（hegapbetweenearningsinthepoorandtherichworlds.

B、ithelpsremovetradebarriersbetweenthedevelopingandthedeveloped.

C、itsuppliesadequatelaborstoaslow-movinghosteconomy.

D、itincreasestax-payinginthehostcountrieswithoutspendingpublicmoney.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。文章第二段指出，移民带来的经济利益远远大于消除贸易壁

垒所带来的利益。在人口老龄化、经济不景气的国家，这种利益尤其大。移民能随

时迁移到劳动力缺乏的地区，从而缓解瓶颈问题，他们还带来非常必要的技能。由

此可知，”它为发展缓慢的东道国提供充足的劳动力”符合文意。文章中只说贫穷国

家和富裕国家的收入差距远远大于商品贸易的价格差异，并没有说移民能缩小两种

收入之间的差距，所以不正确；”有助于消除发达国家和发展中国家间的贸易壁垒”

是对原文的曲解，”它（移民）能增加东道国的税收，而不花费国家的钱”与文章中的

意思不符。

33、Votersinrichcountriesthinkthat

A^immigrantscreatelotsofjobs.

B、immigrantsbringunpleasantchangestotheirlife.

C、mostimmigrantsenteredtheircountrieslegally.

D^manyimmigrantsarehostileanddangerous.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：细节题。文章第三段提到，富裕国家的选民们认为，移民和全球化的

其他力量一样，是有扰乱性的，而且是在与人最密切的水平上。它能改变整个社

区：大街上的人们讲着奇怪的语言，邻居做的饭菜散发出奇怪的味道，因此移民现

象经常遭到强烈的抵制。由此可知，移民给他们的生活带来了令人不快的改变；文

中没有提到移民会增加就业机会；”大多数移民是合法进入的”未在文章中提及；文

章中说欧洲人对移民是有敌意的，而这种敌视是很危险的，并不是说移民是有敌意

的、危险的。

34、Itcanbeinferredthatvotersinrichcountriesfailtorealize

A^legalimmigrantstookawaymanyoftheirjobs.

B、immigrationcanbegoodtotheircountries.

C、immigrationbringsabouttheriskofAIDS.

D^immigrantsmadeuseoftheirhealthservice.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：推理题。文章第三段提到富裕国家的选民敌视和抵制移民，原因是：

移民会带来不好的变化，如影响就业、威胁安全等。最后一段提出的解决办法是让

选民意识到移民符合国家长远利益。由此推断，选民们并没有意识到移民是对国家

有利的，所以答案选项符合题意。”合法移民带走了很多他们的工作“，“移民带来

了艾滋病的风险”和“移民使用了其健康服务”都是选民们担心的事。

35、Fromthetextwelearnthat

A^(heeconomicbenefitsbroughtbyimmigrationconflictthepoliticalconcerns.

B、thethreatsposedbyimmigrationshouldbethegreatestconcern.

C、therightsofvotersintherichcountriesprecedeovertherightsofimmigrants.

D、employersandpoliticiansshouldmanageimmigrationforthevoters?benefits.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：推理题。本文首段提到移民给富裕国家带来经济利益，但政治家们出

于政治上的担心，不愿放松移民进入的条件，本文尾段又提到了如何协调政治和经

济相互矛盾的压力，同时结合全文内容，可以推出移民带来的经济利益和政治上的

考虑相冲突，所以答案选项正确。”富裕国家中选民的权利超越于移民的权利之上”

是原文提及的内容，而不是推出的内容；”移民施加的威胁应该是最大的考虑“和“

雇佣和政治家应为了选民的利益来管理移民”也不能从本文推出。

ThomasHuxley('"Darwin'sbulldog")issaidtohavecomeupwiththemostfamous

defenseoftheatheistbeliefthatlifewascreatedbychance.InadebateatOxford,heis

reportedtohavestatedthatifenoughmonkeysrandomlypressedtypewriterkeysfora

longenoughtime,soonerorlaterPsalm23wouldemerge.Notallatheistsusethis

argument,butitaccuratelyrepresentstheatheistbeliefthatwithenoughtimeandenough

solarsystems,you'llgetyou,Bach'scellosuites,andme.Thisbeliefhasalwaysstruck

measimplausible,andalthoughIfullyacknowledgethegreatchallengetotheism一the

rampantandseeminglyrandomunfairnessbuiltintohumanlife,nointellectuallyhonest

atheistshoulddenythegreatchallengetoatheism—theexistenceofdesignand

intelligence.ScientistshavetakenupHuxley'spropositionandfoundfromexperiments

withmonkeysnearatypewriterthatveryfewevenendeduphittinganykey.Afterthe

experiment,mathematiciansthencalculatedthateachmonkeytypedasteady120

charactersaminuteitwould(ake10tothe813thpower(10followedby813zeros)

monkeysaboutfiveyearstoknockoutadecentversionofShakespeare'sSonnet.The

finitenumberofyearsintheuniverse'sexistencewouldnotcomecloseloproducinga

fewsentences,leialoneaShakespeareplay.ProfessorRobertJastrow,oneofthegreatest

livingastronomers,headoftheMountWilsonObservatory,andanagnostic,best

explainedtheatheismofmanyscientists.Jastrowtellsofhissurprisewhensomany

fellowastronomersrefusedtcaccepttheBigBanghypothesisfortheoriginsofthe

universe.Infact,Jastrowwrites,manyastronomerswereactuallyunhappyaboutit.

Why?BecausetheBigBangimpliedabeginningtotheuniverse,andabeginningimplies

aCreator,somethingmanyscientistspassionatelyreject.ThisledJastrowtothesobering

conclusionthatmanyscientistshavevested,nonscicntificinterestsinsomeoftheir

beliefs,especiallythenon-cxistcnceofaCreator.Neithermatlisnorsciencearguesthat

allcameaboutrandomly,withoutaCreator.Onlyakeendesiretodenyoneexplainssuch

abelief,abeliefthatshouldbelaidtorest.

36、Atheistsseemtobelievethat

A^chancecanproduceeveiythingoveralongenoughtime.

B、lifeistoocomplicatedtobeexplained.

C、noteverythinginlifecanbeexplained.

D、thereisexistenceofdesignandintelligence.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：细节题。文章开始介绍了无神论者认为生命的产生属于偶然这一-观

点，然后通过赫胥黎的论证一如果有足够数量的猴子敲击键盘，时间足够长，《圣

经：诗篇》第23篇迟早会出现一来进一步论述这种观点并重新总结这一观点；如

果有足够的时间和太阳系统，一切都会出现。由此可知，无神论者的观点是偶然在

足够长的时间中可创造一切，所以答案选项项正确。“生命太复杂而无法解释“，”

并不是生活中的每件事都能够解释”和“存在构思和智力”均不是无神论者的观点。

37>Thescientificexperimentaboutmonkeysindicatesthattheauthorthinks

A、ittakesalongperiodoftimetoteachmonkeystotypewrite.

B、veryfewmonkeyscanknockoutletters.

C、Huxley'stheoryisnotconvincing.

D^theexperimentwasdoneinresponsetotheism.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题。文章第二段是对实验的描述，并未指出这一实验说明了什

么。从全文看，这个实验是用来说明笫段的。文章笫段后半部分中作者表明了

自己要论述的观点：赫胥黎这一观点难以令人信服，实验证明了作者的观点。因

此，答案选项符合文意。”教会猴子打字要花很长一段时间“和“几乎没有几只猴子

能敲出字母”都只是实验的细节，而不是实验说明的问题；”这一实验是对有神论的

回应”不正确，应为"对这种无神论观点的回应”。

38、Wecaninferfromthetextthattheauthorbelieves

A、atheismislogicalandreasonable.

B、agnosticismisperfectintheory.

C、atheismandcreationismareillogical.

D、agnosticismisunderstandablebutnotatheism.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：推理题。文章最后一段中作者引用不可知论者的观点对无神论者的观

点进行批驳，由此可以推出作者认为不可知论是可以理解的，而无神论是不可理解

的，所以答案选项符合文意。”无神论是逻辑且合理的“，”不可知论在理论上是完

美的“和“无神论和神创论是没有逻辑的”都不能从文中推吕来。

39、WhatdoesJastrowthinkofmanyscientists?

A^Theyarereadytoacceptatheism.

B、Theypartlyacceptcreationism.

C、Theirstubbornnessmakesthemblind.

D、Theiratheismisnotsciencebased.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：观点题。文章最后一段指出，Jastrow认为许多科学家在自己的一些

观点上，尤其是不存在造物主的观点上，有非科学的既得利益。科学并不认为万物

随意而生，没有造物主。由此可知，Jastrow对他们所持的态度是”他们的无神论并

非建立在科学的基础之心。”他们乐于接受无神论“，”他们部分接受神创论“和“他

们的固执使其目空一切”都不是文中提到的Jasirow对他们所持的态度。

40Thelastparagraphindicatesthat

A、theBigBanghypothesisismadeup.

B、scienceandmathsdenyaCreator.

C、creationismisscientificandrational.

D、creationismshouldbeabolished.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：推理题。文章最后一句话指出：否认造物主的观点应该废除。这表明

作者反对无神论，认为神创论更为科学、合理，所以答案选项符合文意。”创世大

爆炸假说是杜撰的“，“科学和数学否认一个造物主“和“神创论应该被废除”都不能

从文中推出来。

三、阅读(补全短文)(本题共5题，每题7.0分，共

5分。)

Inthefollowingtext,somesentenceshavebeenremoved.ForQuestions41-45,choose

themostsuitableonefromthelist(A^B、C、D、E、F、G.......)tofitintoeachofthe

numberedblank.Thereareseveralextrachoices,whichdonotfitinanyof(hegaps.(10

points)FewoutsideofCongressrecognizetheimportanceofleadershippositions,

personalitiesandpowersinadvancingalegislativeagenda.Skilledleadersinboththe

HouseandSenatemakethedifferencebetweensuccessandgridlockinthedanceof

legislation.(41).FormerSenateMajorityLeaderHowardBakerofTennesseewas

fondofmetaphoricallydescribingleadingtheupperbodyasakinto"herdingcats".

(42).Lastweek'sRepublicanruleschangeweakenstheoldsenioritysystem,

providingMajoiilyLeaderBillFristwithnewpowersloapp<jinlalleasthalfufthe

vacanciesonthe13mostimportantandsoughtaftercommittees,suchasFinance,

AppropriationsandForeignRelations.BeforetheruleschangeRepublicansfilledthese

openingspurelybasedonseniority—themostseniormemberwouldgetthefirstshotata

vacancy.(43).ThisisanewprocessfortheRepublicans,allowingtheleaderto

fillkeycommitteeslotsbasedonfactorssuchaspartyloyalty,substantivebackground,

regionalfactorsorpoliticalimperatives—notjustseniority.(44).Mr.Santorum

workedwithsevenofhiscolleaguestoenhancethepowersoftheSenateRepublican

leaderandmodi