2026年山西英语高职单招历年真题及答案

-2026年山西英语高职单招历年真题及答案PartIMultipleChoice(50points)（1）______bythepolice,thethiefhadnowaytoescape.（）ASurroundingBTosurroundCSurroundedDHavingsurrounded答案：C解析：本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句子主语是'thethief'，它与动词'surround'之间是被动关系（小偷被警察包围），且动作已经完成或状态已存在。因此应使用过去分词'Surrounded'表被动和完成。'Surrounding'表主动，'Tosurround'表将来或目的，'Havingsurrounded'表主动完成，均不符合语境。（2）Theteacheraskedustostop______andlistentohercarefully.（）AtalkBtotalkCtalkingDtalked答案：C解析：本题考查非谓语动词。stopdoingsth.意为"停止做某事（不再做了）"；stoptodosth.意为"停下来去做另一件事"。根据句意"老师让我们停止说话，仔细听她讲"可知，是停止正在进行的动作"说话"，故用stoptalking。故选C。（3）Thelibrary______at9:00a.m.everyday.（）AopenBopensCisopeningDopened答案：B解析：句中有时间状语'everyday'（每天），表示经常性、习惯性的动作，应用一般现在时。主语'Thelibrary'是第三人称单数，谓语动词需加-s或-es。'open'在此处作不及物动词，意为“开门/营业”。故选'opens'。（4）Theteacheradvisedus______moreEnglishbookstoimproveourreadingskills.（）AreadBreadingCtoreadDreads答案：C解析：本题考查固定搭配advisesb.todosth.，意为“建议某人做某事”。句中advised是过去式，后接不定式toread作宾语补足语。A项为动词原形，B项为动名词/现在分词，D项为第三人称单数形式，均不符合该固定搭配用法。故选C。（5）Wouldyoulikesomecoffee?No,thanks.I______drinkcoffee.Coffeeisbadformystomach.（）AalmostBalreadyChardlyDstill答案：C解析：根据答语后半句"Coffeeisbadformystomach"（咖啡对我的胃不好）可知，说话人几乎不喝咖啡。hardly意为“几乎不”，符合语境。almost意为“几乎”；already意为“已经”；still意为“仍然”。故选C。（6）Mybrother______anewcarlastmonth.Hedrivesittoworkeverydaynow.（）AbuyBbuysCboughtDhasbought答案：C解析：本题考查动词时态。句中有明确的时间状语'lastmonth'（上个月），表示动作发生在过去，因此应使用一般过去时。buy的过去式是bought。A项是原形，B项是一般现在时第三人称单数，D项是现在完成时，均不符合语境。（7）I'msorryIbrokeyourcoffeecup.______.Itdoesn'tmatter.（）AYou'rewelcomeBIdon'tknowCThat'sallrightDMypleasure答案：C解析：考查日常交际用语。当别人道歉时，常用的回答有"That'sallright","Itdoesn'tmatter","Nevermind"等，意为“没关系”。A项用于回答感谢；B项意为“我不知道”；D项用于回答感谢或请求帮助时的客气话。故选C。（8）______doyouusuallygotoschool?Bybus.（）AWhatBHowCWhenDWhere答案：B解析：根据答语"Bybus"（乘公交车）可知，问句询问的是交通方式。询问交通方式通常使用疑问词How。What询问事物，When询问时间，Where询问地点，均不符合语境。（9）Excuseme,couldyoutellme______?Sure.Goalongthisstreetandturnleftatthesecondcrossing.（）AwhereisthenearestbankBwherethenearestbankisChowcanIgettothenearestbankDhowIcangettothenearestbank答案：B解析：本题考查宾语从句的语序。宾语从句必须使用陈述语序，即“连接词+主语+谓语”，排除A和C。根据答语“沿着这条街走，在第二个路口左转”可知，问句询问的是地点而非方式，故用where引导。因此选B。（10）Myparents______Shanghaifortenyears.Theylikelivingthereverymuch.（）AhavegonetoBhavebeentoChavebeeninDwentto答案：C解析：本题考查现在完成时的用法及延续性动词。fortenyears表示一段时间，谓语动词必须是延续性的。havegoneto意为“去了某地（还没回来）”；havebeento意为“去过某地（已经回来了）”；havebeenin意为“待在某地”，表示状态，可以延续。根据句意“我的父母在上海住了十年”，强调居住的状态持续了十年，应用havebeenin。故选C。（11）Theteacheraskedustofinishthehomework______time.（）AinBonCatDfor答案：B解析：考查介词搭配。'ontime'意为“准时”，指按规定的时间完成；'intime'意为“及时”，指在截止时间之前完成。句意为“老师要求我们按时完成作业”，强调按规定时间，故选B。（12）______doesittakeyoutogettoschoolbybus?Abouttwentyminutes.（）AHowlongBHowfarCHowoftenDHowmuch答案：A解析：本题考查特殊疑问词组。根据答语“Abouttwentyminutes”（大约二十分钟）可知，问句询问的是时间段/时长。Howlong用于提问时间长度或物体长度；Howfar提问距离；Howoften提问频率；Howmuch提问数量或价格。故此处应用Howlong。故选A。（13）______importantitistolearnEnglishwell!（）AWhatBHowCWhataDHowa答案：B解析：本题考查感叹句的用法。感叹句结构主要有两种：1.What+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语！2.How+adj./adv.+主语+谓语！本题中important是形容词，后面紧跟主语it和谓语is，符合How引导的感叹句结构。故选B。（14）Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoiseintheclassroom.（）Adon'tmakeBnotmakeCnottomakeDtonotmake答案：C解析：本题考查非谓语动词。asksb.todosth.是固定搭配，意为“要求某人做某事”。其否定形式是在不定式符号to前加not，即asksb.nottodosth.，意为“要求某人不要做某事”。A项是祈使句结构，不能直接跟在askedus后面；B项缺少to；D项语序错误。故选C。（15）______doyougotothelibrary?Twiceaweek.（）AHowlongBHowsoonCHowoftenDHowfar答案：C解析：本题考查特殊疑问词的辨析。答语"Twiceaweek"（一周两次）表示频率。Howlong提问时间段或长度；Howsoon提问“多久以后”，常用于将来时；Howoften提问频率；Howfar提问距离。根据答语可知应选Howoften。（16）Mysisterisinterestedin______music.Sheoftenlistenstoitafterschool.（）AplayBplayingCtoplayDplayed答案：B解析：本题考查固定搭配beinterestedindoingsth.，意为“对做某事感兴趣”。in是介词，后面接动词时需用动名词形式（-ing）。故选B。（17）I'msorryIbrokeyourcoffeecup.______.Itdoesn'tmatter.（）AYou'rewelcomeBNevermindCAllrightDGoahead答案：B解析：考查情景交际。对方道歉说打破了咖啡杯，回答者说“没关系（Itdoesn'tmatter）”，因此前一句应表示“不要紧、别介意”。A项用于回答感谢；B项“Nevermind”意为“没关系、别介意”，符合语境；C项“Allright”意为“好的、行”；D项“Goahead”意为“请便、继续”。故选B。（18）Therearemany______inthepark.（）AchildBchildsCchildrenDchildrens答案：C解析：本题考查名词复数形式。many修饰可数名词复数。child的复数形式是不规则变化children，而不是加-s或-es。故选C。（19）Whichwordhasadifferentstresspatternfromtheothers?（）AaboutBaboveCteacherDagain答案：C解析：本题考查单词重音。选项A(about)、B(above)、D(again)的重音都在第二个音节上，而选项C(teacher)的重音在第一个音节上。因此C项与其他三项不同。（20）Itisnouse____withouttakingaction.（）AcomplainBtocomplainCcomplainingDcomplained答案：C解析：本题考查固定句型。Itisnousedoingsth.是固定搭配，意为"做某事是没有用的"，其中It是形式主语，真正的主语是动名词。类似的结构还有Itisnogooddoingsth.。故选C。（21）I'msorryIbrokeyourvase.______.Itwasjustanoldone.（）AYou'rewelcomeBNevermindCThat'srightDWithpleasure答案：B解析：考查情景交际。句意：——对不起，我打碎了你的花瓶。——没关系，那只是个旧花瓶。A项“不客气”，用于回答感谢；B项“没关系/不要紧”，用于安慰或原谅对方的过失；C项“那是正确的”；D项“乐意效劳”，用于答应请求。根据语境，对方道歉，应表示原谅，故选B。（22）Couldyoupleasetellme______thenearestpostofficeis?Sure.It'sjustaroundthecorner.（）AwhereBwhatCwhichDhow答案：A解析：本题考查宾语从句的连接词。根据答语'It'sjustaroundthecorner'（就在拐角处）可知，问句是在询问地点。在宾语从句中，表示地点应用连接副词where。what通常作主语或宾语，which表示选择，how表示方式，均不符合语境。故选A。（23）______willyoufinishyourhomework?Inabouthalfanhour.（）AHowlongBHowsoonCHowoftenDHowfar答案：B解析：考查疑问词组辨析。根据答语“Inabouthalfanhour”（大约半小时后）可知，问句询问的是“多久以后”，即从现在起多长时间之后会发生某事。A项Howlong询问时间段长度或物体长度；B项Howsoon询问“多久以后”，常与一般将来时连用，回答常用“in+一段时间”；C项Howoften询问频率；D项Howfar询问距离。故选B。（24）Hewasabouttoleave____thephonerang.（）AwhileBwhenCasDsince答案：B解析：本题考查固定句型"beabouttodosth.when..."，意为“正要做某事，这时突然……”。when在此处引导时间状语从句，表示“就在这时”。while通常接延续性动词，as表示“随着”或“一边……一边”，since表示“自从”，均不符合此句型习惯。故选B。（25）Theteacheraskedus______somuchnoiseintheclassroom.（）Adon'tmakeBnotmakeCnottomakeDtonotmake答案：C解析：本题考查动词不定式的否定形式。asksb.todosth.意为“要求某人做某事”，其否定形式为asksb.nottodosth.，即在不定式符号to前加not。因此，“不要制造噪音”应表达为nottomakesomuchnoise。故选C。PartIIGap-filling(14points)（1）Therearemany______(interest)booksinthelibrary.答案：interesting解析：此处修饰名词books，应用形容词形式。interesting意为“有趣的”，通常用来形容事物；interested意为“感兴趣的”，通常用来形容人。书是令人感到有趣的，故填interesting。（2）She______(go)toBeijinglastweek.答案：went解析：根据时间状语lastweek（上周）可知，句子应使用一般过去时。go的过去式是不规则变化went。故填went。（3）Thehouse____(build)lastyearisverymodern.答案：built解析：本题考查过去分词作后置定语。house与build之间是被动关系（房子被建），且动作已完成（lastyear），故用过去分词built修饰house，相当于whichwasbuilt。（4）____beautifulflowerstheyare!答案：What解析：本题考查感叹句结构。中心词是flowers(复数名词)，感叹句结构为What+adj.+复数名词+主语+谓语！故填What。如果是How，结构应为Howbeautifultheflowersare!（5）Therearemany______(book)ontheshelf.答案：books解析：本题考查名词复数。空前有修饰词many（许多），其后应接可数名词的复数形式。book的复数形式为books。（6）Thisisthemostinterestingbook____Ihaveeverread.答案：that解析：本题考查定语从句的关系代词。先行词是book，且被最高级themostinteresting修饰。当先行词被最高级修饰时，关系代词通常只用that，不用which。故填that。（7）Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano.答案：playing解析：考查固定搭配。beinterestedin后接动名词形式，即doingsth.。play的动名词形式为playing。（8）Therearemanytreesonbothsidesofthestreet.答案：sides解析：考查名词复数。both意为“两者都”，后接可数名词复数形式。side的复数为sides。句意：街道两边有很多树。（9）Theteacheraskedustofinishthehomeworkby______.答案：ourselves解析：本题考查反身代词的用法。byoneself意为'独自地，单独地'。主语是us，对应的反身代词是ourselves。（10）Sheisinterestedin______(learn)Englishsongs.答案：learning解析：考查介词后接动名词。beinterestedin中的in是介词，后面接动词时必须使用动名词形式（V-ing）。故填learning。（11）Shehaslivedinthiscity______tenyears.答案：for解析：本题考查介词的用法。在现在完成时中，表示一段时间通常用for+时间段，since+时间点。tenyears是一段时间，故填for。（12）Therearemany1______(apple)onthetable.Theylookveryfresh.答案：apples解析：many修饰可数名词复数。apple的复数形式为apples。（13）Therearemany______(student)intheclassroom.答案：students解析：本题考查名词复数。many修饰可数名词复数形式，student的复数形式为students。（14）Mybrotherisadoctor.Heworksinabigh______.答案：hospital解析：根据前文“Mybrotherisadoctor”（我哥哥是一名医生）可知，他在一家大医院工作。故填hospital。PartIIICloze(30points)（1）Tomisahighschoolstudentwholovesreadingbooks.Hespendsmostofhisfreetimeinthelibrary.Oneday,hefoundanoldbookabouthistory.Hewasveryinterestedinitandbegantoreadcarefully.Asheread,helearnedmanynewthingsaboutancientcivilizations.Herealizedthathistoryisnotjustaboutdatesandnames,butalsoaboutpeople'slivesandcultures.Thisexperiencemadehimwanttostudyhistorymoredeeply.Now,Tomwantstobecomeahistorianwhenhegrowsup.Hebelievesthatunderstandingthepastcanhelpusbuildabetterfuture.Readinghastrulychangedhis1______.答案：1.l2.i3.f4.e解析：文章讲述了阅读如何改变了汤姆的兴趣和职业目标，从而改变了他的人生轨迹。changeone'slife是固定搭配，意为“改变某人的生活/人生”。此处填life最符合文意。（2）Learningaforeignlanguageischallengingbutrewarding.Manystudentsfinditdifficulttomemorizenewwordsandgrammarrules.However,therearesomeeffectivemethodstomakelearningeasier.First,immersioniskey.Trytosurroundyourselfwiththelanguageasmuchaspossible.Listentosongs,watchmovies,andreadnewsinthatlanguage.Second,practicespeakingregularly.Don'tbeafraidofmakingmistakes.Mistakesarepartofthelearningprocess.Findalanguagepartnerorjoinaclubwhereyoucancommunicatewithnativespeakers.Third,setrealisticgoals.Insteadoftryingtolearneverythingatonce,focusonsmall,achievabletargets.Forexample,learnfivenewwordseveryday.Consistencyismoreimportantthanspeed.Ifyoukeeppracticingeveryday,youwillseeprogressovertime.Technologycanalsohelp.Therearemanyappsdesignedtohelplearnersimprovetheirskills.Inconclusion,patienceandpersistenceareessential.Languagelearningisamarathon,notasprint.Keepgoing,andyouwilleventuallyreachyour1______.Thejoyofbeingabletocommunicatewithpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsis2______.Itopensdoorstonewopportunitiesandfriendships.So,don'tgiveup.Yourhardworkwillpay3______intheend.答案：1.goal2.priceless3.off解析：本题考查学习方法类文章的逻辑衔接。1.前文提到设定目标，最后说你会达到你的“目标”，故填goal。2.句意为“能够与不同背景的人交流的快乐是无价的”。priceless意为“无价的、极珍贵的”，符合语境。3.“payoff”是固定短语，意为“取得成功、得到回报”，故填off。（3）Tomisastudentinavocationalcollege.Helikessportsverymuch.Everymorning,hegetsupearlyandgoestotheplaygroundtorun.Hethinksrunningcanmakehimstrongandhealthy.LastSunday,Tom1______hisfriendstoplaybasketball.Theyplayedfortwohours.Afterthegame,theywereverytiredbuthappy.Tomsaid,"Sportsaregoodforourhealth.Weshoulddomoreexercise."Hisfriendsagreedwithhim.Now,Tomisplanningtojointheschoolbasketballteam.Hehopesto2______manynewfriendsthere.Healsowantstoimprovehisskills.Toachievethisgoal,hepracticeshardeveryday.Hebelievesthat3______workshardwillsucceed.答案：1.invited2.make3.whoever解析：1.根据上下文时态，LastSunday表明是过去时，invite的过去式为invited。2.makefriends是固定搭配，意为“交朋友”。3.此处引导主语从句，表示“任何……的人”，用whoever。（4）Learninganewlanguageisachallengingbutrewardingexperience.Itopensdoorstonewculturesandopportunities.WhenIstartedlearningEnglish,Ifoundpronunciationdifficult.Manywordssoundedsimilarbuthaddifferentmeanings.IpracticedspeakingeverydaybylisteningtoEnglishsongsandwatchingmovies.Gradually,myconfidencegrew.Imadefriendswithnativespeakersonline,whichhelpedmeimprovemyfluency.Theycorrectedmymistakespatientlyandencouragedmetokeepgoing.Besideslanguageskills,Ilearnedabouttheircustomsandtraditions.Thisculturalunderstandingmadethelearningprocessmoreinteresting.Now,IcantraveltoEnglish-speakingcountrieswithoutfeelinganxious.Icanorderfood,askfordirections,andmakesmalltalkeasily.Learningalanguagerequirespatienceandpersistence.Therewillbemomentsoffrustration,butovercomingthembringsgreatsatisfaction.1______youpersist,youwilleventuallysucceed.Thejoyofcommunicatingwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsispriceless.答案：1.If2.persistence3.priceless解析：1.句意为“如果你坚持，你最终会成功”，If引导条件状语从句，符合逻辑。2.前文提到Learningalanguagerequirespatienceand...，此处需填名词与patience并列，persistence意为“坚持”，符合语境。3.句意为“与不同背景的人交流的快乐是无价的”，priceless意为“无价的/极珍贵的”，符合语境。（5）Environmentalprotectionisbecomingincreasinglyimportantinmodernsociety.Pollutionaffectsnotonlyhumanhealthbutalsowildlife.Manyanimalsarelosingtheirhabitatsduetodeforestationandurbanexpansion.Toprotectourplanet,everyoneshouldtakeaction.Forexample,wecanreducewastebyrecyclingpaperandplastic.Weshouldalsosaveenergybyturningofflightswhenleavingaroom.Usingpublictransportationinsteadofprivatecarscanhelpreduceairpollution.Thesesmallactionsmayseeminsignificant,buttheycanleadtosignificantchangesifmanypeopleparticipate.Governmentsarealsoplayingacrucialrolebymakingstricterlawsagainstpolluters.Educationisanotherkeyfactor.Schoolsshouldteachstudentsabouttheimportanceof1______nature.Ifweallworktogether,wecancreateacleanerand2______worldforfuturegenerations.Let'sstarttodaytomakeapositive3______onourenvironment.答案：1.protecting2.greener3.impact解析：1.介词of后面接动名词形式。句意为“学校应该教学生关于保护自然的重要性”，protect的动名词为protecting，故填protecting。2.根据并列结构"cleanerand..."，and连接两个形容词比较级。句意为“创造一个更清洁、更绿色的世界”，green的比较级是greener，故填greener。3.固定搭配makeanimpacton意为“对……产生影响”。句意为“让我们从今天开始，对环境产生积极的影响”，故填impact。（6）MybestfriendisLiHua.Wehaveknowneachothersinceprimaryschool.Heistallandhandsomewithshortblackhair.LiHuaisnotonlysmartbutalsokind-hearted.Healwayshelpsotherswhentheyareintrouble.Lastmonth,Ifailedmymathexamandfeltverysad.LiHuanoticedmyunhappinessandcametocomfortme.Hespenthoursexplainingthedifficultproblemstomepatiently.Thankstohishelp,Imadegreatprogressinthenextexam.Iamluckytohavesuchagoodfriend.Friendshipisoneofthemostpreciousthingsinlife.1______2______3______4______5______答案：1.primary2.kind-hearted3.trouble4.comfort5.precious解析：这是一篇介绍好朋友李华的记叙文。1.我们从小学就认识彼此，primaryschool意为“小学”。2.李华不仅聪明而且心地善良，kind-hearted意为“好心的/善良的”。3.当别人遇到麻烦时他总是帮忙，introuble意为“处于困境中”。4.李华来安慰我，comfort意为“安慰”。5.友谊是生命中最珍贵的东西之一，precious意为“珍贵的”。PartIVWriting(20points)WritingTask1学校英语俱乐部将举办一场主题为“MyFavoriteSeason”的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：1.你最喜欢的季节是什么；2.喜欢这个季节的原因（至少两点）；3.在这个季节里你通常做什么。注意：1.词数80~120左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Goodmorning,everyone!Mytopictodayis"MyFavoriteSeason".___________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening!（1）学校英语俱乐部将举办一场主题为“MyFavoriteSeason”的演讲比赛。请你写一篇演讲稿参赛，内容包括：1.你最喜欢的季节是什么；2.喜欢这个季节的原因（至少两点）；3.在这个季节里你通常做什么。注意：1.词数80~120左右；2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Goodmorning,everyone!Mytopictodayis"MyFavoriteSeason".___________________________________________________________Thankyouforlistening!答案：（略）解析：这是一篇演讲稿，主题是“我最喜欢的季节”。文章首先点明最喜欢的季节是秋天。接着阐述两个原因：天气凉爽舒适和景色美丽（丰收季、落叶）。最后描述在该季节的活动，如徒步旅行和读书。语言要口语化一些，适合演讲场合，同时注意逻辑清晰，要点齐全。（2）请你根据以下信息写一则简短的通知。活动：校运动会时间：下周五上午8:00地点：学校操场要求：穿运动鞋，准时到达。注意：词数80-120左右。答案：（略）解析：本题考查通知（Notice）的写作。关键信息点必须包含：事件（SchoolSportsMeeting）、时间（NextFriday,8:00a.m.）、地点（SchoolPlayground）以及要求（Wearsportsshoes,arriveontime）。范文结构清晰，标题明确，正文涵盖了所有提示信息，语言简洁得体，符合通知的文体特征。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1Manypeoplethinkthatsuccessisonlyaboutmakingalotofmoneyorbecomingfamous.However,truesuccessismorepersonalandmeaningful.Itisaboutachievingyourowngoalsandfeelinghappywithwhatyouhavedone.First,youneedtoknowwhatyoureallywant.Doyouwanttobeagoodteacher?Doyouwanttohelpothers?Ordoyouwanttolearnanewskill?Settingcleargoalsisthefirststeptosuccess.Withoutagoal,youarelikeashipwithoutacompass.Second,hardworkisnecessary.Noonecansucceedwithouteffort.Youmustbewillingtospendtimeandenergyonyourgoals.Sometimes,youmayfail,butfailureisnottheend.Itisachancetolearnandimprove.ThomasEdisonfailedmanytimesbeforeheinventedthelightbulb.Hesaid,"Ihavenotfailed.I'vejustfound10,000waysthatwon'twork."Finally,enjoythejourney.Successisnotjustaboutthefinalresult.Itisalsoabouttheexperiencesyougainalongtheway.Ifyouenjoywhatyouaredoing,youwillfeelsuccessfuleveryday.（1-1）Accordingtothepassage,whatistruesuccessmainlyabout?（）AMakingalotofmoneyBBecomingfamousCAchievingpersonalgoalsandhappinessDHavingahighsocialstatus（1-2）Whatdoesthewritercompareapersonwithoutagoalto?（）AAbirdwithoutwingsBAshipwithoutacompassCAcarwithoutfuelDAtreewithoutroots（1-3）WhydidThomasEdisonmention"10,000waysthatwon'twork"?（）AToshowhewasstupidBTocomplainabouthisbadluckCToexplainthatfailurehelpsuslearnDToprovethatinventioniseasy（1-4）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedasakeytosuccessinthetext?（）ASettingcleargoalsBWorkinghardCEnjoyingtheprocessDAskingforhelpfromothers（1-5）Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?（）ASuccessdependsonluckBTheresultismoreimportantthantheprocessCWeshouldenjoytheexperiencesduringthejourneyDOnlythefinaloutcomematters答案：1-1.C1-2.B1-3.C1-4.D1-5.C解析：1.细节理解题。根据第一段最后一句"Itisaboutachievingyourowngoalsandfeelinghappywithwhatyouhavedone."可知，真正的成功是关于实现个人目标并对自己所做的事情感到快乐。故选C。2.细节理解题。根据第二段最后一句"Withoutagoal,youarelikeashipwithoutacompass."可知，作者将没有目标的人比作没有指南针的船。故选B。3.推理判断题。根据第三段中爱迪生的话以及前文"failureisnottheend.Itisachancetolearnandimprove"可知，他提到失败的一万次是为了说明失败是学习和改进的机会。故选C。4.细节理解题。文章提到了设定目标（Settingcleargoals）、努力工作（hardwork）和享受过程（enjoythejourney），但没有提到向他人寻求帮助（Askingforhelpfromothers）。故选D。5.主旨大意题。最后一段主要强调成功不仅仅在于最终结果，还在于沿途获得的经验，要享受这个过程。故选C。Passage2Plasticpollutionisoneofthemostpressingenvironmentalissuesofourtime.Millionsoftonsofplasticwasteendupinoceanseveryyear,harmingmarinelifeandenteringthefoodchain.Single-useplastics,suchasbags,bottles,andstraws,aremajorcontributorstothisproblembecausetheyareusedbrieflybutpersistintheenvironmentforhundredsofyears.Governmentsaroundtheworldaretakingactiontoreduceplasticwaste.Manycountrieshavebannedsingle-useplasticbagsorimposedtaxesonthem.Somecitieshaveintroduceddepositreturnschemesforbottlestoencouragerecycling.Thesemeasuresaimtochangeconsumerbehaviorandreducethedemandfordisposableplastics.Individualscanalsoplayasignificantroleincombatingplasticpollution.Simpleactionslikecarryingreusableshoppingbags,usingrefillablewaterbottles,andavoidingproductswithexcessivepackagingcanmakeadifference.Supportingcompaniesthatusesustainablematerialsandadvocatingforstricterenvironmentalpoliciesarealsoeffectivewaystocontribute.Whilerecyclingisimportant,itisnotenoughonitsown.Reducingconsumptionandreusingitemsaremoreeffectivestrategies.Thegoalistomovetowardsacirculareconomywherewasteisminimized,andresourcesarekeptinuseforaslongaspossible.（2-1）Whyaresingle-useplasticsamajorproblem?（）ATheyareveryexpensivetoproduce.BTheyareusedbrieflybutpersistintheenvironmentforalongtime.CTheyarebiodegradableanddisappearquickly.DTheyareonlyusedindevelopedcountries.（2-2）Whatmeasurehavesomegovernmentstakentoreduceplasticwaste?（）AEncouragingpeopletoburnplasticwaste.BBanningsingle-useplasticbagsorimposingtaxes.CIncreasingtheproductionofplasticbottles.DIgnoringtheissuecompletely.（2-3）Howcanindividualshelpcombatplasticpollution?（）ABybuyingmoreplasticproducts.BByusingreusablebagsandbottles.CBythrowingplasticintheocean.DByavoidingallshoppingactivities.（2-4）Accordingtothetext,whichstrategyismoreeffectivethanrecyclingalone?（）AProducingmoreplastic.BReducingconsumptionandreusingitems.CExportingwastetoothercountries.DUsingonlypaperproducts.（2-5）Whatistheultimategoalmentionedinthelastparagraph?（）AToeliminateallhumanactivity.BTomovetowardsacirculareconomywithminimizedwaste.CTostopallindustrialproduction.DTorelysolelyonrecyclingfacilities.答案：2-1.B2-2.B2-3.B2-4.B2-5.B解析：1.根据第一段'Single-useplastics...aremajorcontributors...becausetheyareusedbrieflybutpersistintheenvironmentforhundredsofyears'可知，一次性塑料的问题在于使用时间短但存留时间长。故选B。2.根据第二段'Manycountrieshavebannedsingle-useplasticbagsorimposedtaxesonthem'可知，政府采取的措施包括禁令或征税。故选B。3.根据第三段'Simpleactionslikecarryingreusableshoppingbags,usingrefillablewaterbottles...canmakeadifference'可知，个人可以通过使用可重复使用的物品来帮助减少污染。故选B。4.根据最后一段'Reducingconsumptionandreusingitemsaremoreeffectivestrategies'可知，减少消费和重复使用比单纯回收更有效。故选B。5.根据最后一句'Thegoalistomovetowardsacirculareconomywherewasteisminimized'可知，最终目标是迈向废物最小化的循环经济。故选B。Passage3Thetraditionofgivinggiftsvariessignificantlyacrossdifferentcultures.InWesterncountries,itiscommontoopengiftsimmediatelyuponre