英汉翻译离线作业答案

浙江大学远程教育学院《英汉翻译》课程作业答案TranslationPracticeOneI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Awisemanwillnotmarryawomanwhohasattainmentsbutnovirtue.一个聪明的男人不会娶有才无德的女子。2.Winteristhebesttimetostudythegrowthoftrees.Althoughtheleavesaregoneandthebranchesarebare,thetreesthemselvesarebeautiful.冬天是研究树木生长的好季节，虽则树叶落了，树枝光了，但树木本身却是美丽的。3.Thesedevelopingcountriescovervastterritories,encompassalargepopulationandaboundinnaturalresources.这些发展中国家地大物博,人口众多。4.Eighto’clockfoundFranzupanddressed.佛郎茨八点起床并穿戴整齐5.Sino-Britishlinkshavemultiplied-----political,commercial,educational,cultural,defense,scienceandtechnology.中英两国在政治、商务、教育、文化、国防和科技方面的联系成倍地增加。II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.我们要培养分析问题、解决问题的能力。Wemustcultivatetheabilitytoanalyzeandsolveproblems.2.中国足球的落后状态必须改变。ThebackwardnessoftheChinesefootballmustbechanged.3.广告是很赚钱的生意，大部分电台和电视台都是靠广告费收入而生存的。Advertisingisaveryprofitablebusiness,mostoftheradioandTVstationsarerelyingontheadvertisingrevenuetosurvive.4.来稿有可取的，要帮助他加工，改好，发表。Manuscriptswhichareacceptablebutinneedofimprovementshouldbeallowedpublicationaftertheyhavebeenrevisedandpolishedbytheeditors.5.结婚大办筵席，实在可以免去了。Thepracticeofgivinglavishfeastsatweddingcanwellbedispensedwith.III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Ifpeoplemeananythingatallbytheexpression“untimelydeath”,theymustbelievethatsomedeathsrunonabetterschedulethanothers.Deathinoldageisrarelycalleduntimely—alonglifeisthoughttobeafullone.Butwiththepassingofayoungperson,oneassumesthatthebestyearslayaheadandthemeasuresofthatlifewasstilltobetaken.如果人们想通过“不合时的死亡”这个词表达什么的话，他们肯定相信有些死亡要比另一些死亡来的合时一些。老年时逝去很少被称为是不合时的，长命百岁被认为是完整的生命。但如果是一个年轻人逝去，人们会设想大好的年华还在后面，还不能对生命做出评价。Historydeniesthisofcourse.Amongprominentsummerdeaths,onerecallsthoseofMarilynMonroeandJamesDeans,whoselivesseemedequallybriefandcomplete.WriterscannotbearthefactthatpoetJohnKeatsdiedat26,andonlyhalfplayfuljudgetheirownlivesasfailureswhentheypastthatyear.Theideathatlifecutshortisunfulfilledisillogicalbecauselivesaremeasuredbytheimpressionstheyleaveontheworldandbytheirintensityvirtue.历史当然会否认这个观。在那些英年早逝的人当中，人们会想起玛丽莲梦露，詹姆斯迪恩斯。他们的生命看起来短暂又完整。作家们难以接受诗人济慈26岁即逝的事实，只能半开玩笑地认为他们自己26岁还一事无成。那种人认为中断的生命是不完整的想法是不合逻辑的，因为生命的价值是由他们留给世界的影响及其成就与美德来衡量的。IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.成名者之所以成名，大多是因为发挥了自己在歌唱、舞蹈、绘画或写作等方面的特长，并能形成自己的风格。为了能迅速走红，经纪人会极力吹捧他们的这种风格。他们青云直上的过程让人看不清楚。他们究竟是怎么成功的，大多数人也说不上来。尽管如此，艺术家仍然不能闲下来。若表演者，画家或作家感到厌烦，他们的作品就难以保持以前的吸引力，也就难以保持公众的注意力。公众的热情消磨以后，就会去追捧下一个走红的人。有些艺术家为了不落伍，会对他们的写作、跳舞或唱歌的风格稍加改动，但这将冒极大的失宠的危险。公众对于他们藉以成名的艺术风格之外的任何形式都将不屑一顾。Thosewhogainfamemostoftenifasaresultofexploitingtheirtalentforsinging,dancing,painting,orwriting,etc.Theydevelopastylethatagentsmarketaggressivelytohastenpopularity,andtheirfideontheexpresselevatortothetopisablur.Mostwouldbehard-pressedtotellyouhowtheyevengotthere.Artistscannotremainidle,though.Whentheperformer,painterorwriterbecomesbored,theirworkbeginstoshowalackofcontinuityinitsappealanditbecomesdifficulttosustaintheattentionofthepublic.Aftertheirenthusiasmhasdissolved,thepublicsimplymovesontothenextflavorofthemonth,artistswhodoattempttoremaincurrentbymakingevenminutechangestotheirstyleofwriting,dancingorsinging,runasignificantriskoflosingtheaudience'sfavor.Thepublicsimplydiscountsstylesotherthanthoseforwhichtheartisthasbecomefamous.TranslationPracticeTwoI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish1.中华文明博大精深、源远流长,为人类文明进步作出了巨大贡献。TheChinesecivilization,extensiveandprofound,andwithalonghistorybehindit,hascontributedtremendouslytotheprogressofhumancivilization.2.今天邀大家来开座谈会，目的是要和大家交换意见，……Youhavebeeninvitedtothisforumtodaytoexchangeideason...3.只有你方把现有订货量增至我们所确定的最低数字，我们才能供货。Wewillnotbeabletodispatchyourshipmentuntilyourorderislargeenoughtoqualifyourminimumrequirementinsize.4.采取“一国两制”适合中国的国情，并非权宜之计。The"onecountry,twosystems"hasbeenadoptedtosuitChina'sconditionsandisnotanexpedient.5.国家要统一，民族要复兴，台湾问题不能无限期地拖延下去。Chinawillbeunified,andtheChinesenationwillberejuvenated.TheTaiwanquestionmustnotbeallowedtodragonindefinitely.II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Astheweatherwasfine,wedecidedtoclimbthemountain.天气很好，我们爬山去了。2.Aswatercanfloataship,socanitswallowtheship.水能载舟，也能覆舟。3.PutintoanoldChineseproverb,itmeansthatonewillneverfinditdifficulttodoanythinguntilonehasexperiencedit.用中国的一句谚语来说：事非经过不知难。4.AnotionhastakenholdintheUnitedStatestotheeffectthattheonlypeoplewhoshouldbeencouragedtobringchildrenintotheworldarethosewhocanaffordthem.在美国有一种根深蒂固的观点，说是只有那些抚养得起子女的人才应鼓励其生育。5.Assoonasthecinemaisindarkness,spotlightsarefocusedonthecurtainswhicharedrawnslowlyapart,oftentotheaccompanimentofmusictorevealthetitleofthecinema在电影院变成一片漆黑的一刹那间，聚光灯照在徐徐打开的帷幕上，常常在音乐的伴奏下，显露出影片的片名。III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.It’sarelieftoknowthatlifeeventuallygaveCharlieChaplinthestabilityandhappinessithadearlierdeniedhim.InOonaO’NeillChaplin,hefoundapartnerwhosestabilityandaffectionspannedthe37yearsagedifferencebetweenthem,whichhadseemedsothreateningthatwhentheofficialwhowasmarryingthemin1942turnedtothebeautifulgirlof17who’dgivennoticeoftheirweddingdate,hesaid,“Andwhereistheyoungman?”---Chaplin,then54,hadcautiouslywaitedoutside.AsOonaherselfwasthechildofalargefamilywithitsownproblems,shewaswellpreparedforthebattlethatChaplin’slifebecameasmanyunfoundedrumorssurroundedthemboth---and,lateron,shewasthecenterofcalminthequarrelsthatChaplinsometimessparkedinhisownlargefamilyoftalentedchildren.令人宽慰的是，生活最终把卓别林先前没能获得的稳定和幸福给了他。他找到了活娜奥尼尔.卓别林这个伴侣。她的坚定和深情跨越了他们之彰37岁的年龄差距。他们的年龄差距太大，以致当1942年他们要结婚时，新娘公布了他们的结婚日期后，为他们办理手续的官员问这位漂亮的17岁姑娘：“那位小伙子在哪儿？”当时已经54岁的卓别林一直小心翼翼地在外面等侯着。由于沃娜本人出生在一个被各种麻烦困扰的大家庭，他对卓别林生活中将面临的挑战也做好了充分准备，因为当时关于他俩有许多毫无根据的流言。后来在他们那个有那么多天才孩子的大家庭中，卓别林有时会引发争吵，而她则成了安宁的中心。IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.与俄罗斯相比，在未来是10年中，中国大陆计划对通信设备投入1,000亿美元。从某种意义上说，中国的落后成了一种有利因素，因为这一发展正好发生在新技术比铜线电缆系统更便宜的时候。到1995年底，中国除了拉萨以外的省会都将有数字转换器和高容量的光纤电缆网，这意味着其主要城市正在具备必须的基础设施，成为信息高速公路的主要部分，是人们能够进入系统，获得最先进的服务。电信工程也是上海实现其成为一流的金融中心这一梦想的关键。为了能给国际投资者提供其所期望的电子数据和无纸化交易方面的出色服务，上海计划建设与曼哈顿同样强大的电信网络。ComparethatwiththemainlandofChina.Overthenextdecade,itplanstopoursome﹩100billionintotelecommunicationsequipment.Inaway,China’sbackwardnessisanadvantagebecausetheexpansionoccursjustasnewtechnologiesarebecomingcheaperthancopperwiresystems.Bytheendof1995,eachofChina’sprovincialexceptforTibetwillhavedigitalswitchesandhigh-capacityopticalfiberlinks.Thismeansthatmajorcitiesaregettingthebasicinfrastructuretobecomemajorpartsoftheinformationtobecomemajorpartoftheinformationsuperhighway,allowingpeopletologontothemostadvancedservicesavailable.TelecommunicationsisalsoakeytoShanghai’sdreamofbecomingatopfinancialcenter.Toofferpeakperformanceinprovidingtheelectronicdataandpaperlesstradingglobalinvestorsexpect,ShanghaiplanstelecommunicationsnetworkaspowerfulasthoseinManhattan.TranslationPracticeThreeI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Betterbewisebythedefeatofothersthanbyyourown.从别人的失败中汲取教训比从自己的失败中汲取教训更好。2.Universitiesapplicantswhohadworkedatajobwouldreceivepreferenceoverthosewhohadnot.报考大学的人，有工作经验的优先录取。3.Butanotherconflictonthebordersclearlywouldputstrainsonneighborlyrelationsbetweenthetwocountries.但是，如果在边界再次发生冲突，显然会使这两个国家的各睦关系处于紧张状态。4.Itisveryeasytobringsomebooksfromthebookstoresandlibraries,buttolearntheknowledgeinthebooksandputtheknowledgeintopracticeisbynomeansaneasyjob.从书店和图书馆带一些书回来是轻而易举的。然而，从书中学得知识并把这些知识运用到实践中去决不是那么简单的事情。5.Soitiswiththescienceofbiologicalcontrolinitsmodernsense.InAmericaithaditsobscurebeginningacenturyago.现代的生物控制学就是如此。一百年前，这门学科在美国开始创立时也是隐隐约约的。II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.我们从来没有看见过这样光明的前途。Neverhaveweseensobrightafuturebeforeus!2.去年八月那场使七个国家遭受了极大损失的来势凶猛的龙卷风已经引起了全球科学家的高度重视。TheviolenttornadothatstruckinAugustlastyearhasarousedgreatattentionamongthescientiststhroughouttheworld.Sevencountriessufferedagreatlossfromthetornato.3.旧历新年快来了。这是一年中的第一件大事。除了那些负债过多的人以外，大家都热烈的欢迎这个佳节的到来。ThetraditionalNewYearHolidaywasapproaching,thefirstbigeventoftheyear,andeveryone,exceptthosewhoowedheavydebtswasenthusiasticallylookingforwardtoit.4.他似乎想不出恰当的字眼来阐明自己的观点。Heseemedtobeatalossfortheprecisewordstoelaboratehisopinion.5.也亏了你倒听她的话！我平日里和你说的，全当耳旁风；怎么她说了你倒依，比圣旨还快呢！Soyoudowhateversheasks,butletwhateverIsayinoneearouttheother.Youjumptoobeyherinstructionsfasterthaniftheywereanimperialedict.III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring;forornament,isindiscoures;andforability,isinthejudgementanddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,comebestfromthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchforornament,isaffectation;tomakejudementwhollybytheirrules,isthehumourofascholor.Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience:fornatureabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruningbystudy;andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforhdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybeboundedinbyexperience.Craftymencontemptstudies,simplemenadmirethem,andwisemenusethem;fortheyteachnottheirownuse;butthatisawisdomwithoutthem,andabovethem,wonbyobservation.Readnottocontradictandconfute;nortobelieveandtakeforgranted;nortofindtalkanddiscourse;buttoweighandconsider.Somebooksaretobetasted,otherstobeswallowed,andsomefewtobechewedanddigested;thatis,somebooksaretobereadonlyinparts;otherstoberead,butnotcuriously;andsomefewtobereadwholly,andwithdiligenceandattention,Somebooksalsomaybereadbydeputy,andextractsmadeofthembyothers;butthatwouldbeonlyinthelessimportantarguments,andthemeanersortofbooks;elsedistilledbooksare,likecommondistilledwaters,flashythings.读书足以怡情,足以博彩,足以长才.怡情,最见于独处幽居之时;博彩,最见于高谈阔论之中;长才,最见于处世叛事之际.经验丰富之人虽能分别处理细事或叛别枝节,然而纵观统筹、全局策划，则非好学者莫属。读书费时过多易惰，文采藻饰太盛则矫,全凭条言文断事乃学究故态.读书补天然之不足,经验又补读书不足,盖天生才干犹如自然花草,读书然后知如何修剪移接;而书中所示,如不以经验范之,则又大而无当.有一技之长者鄙读书,无知者羡读书,唯明智之士用读书,然书并不以用处告人,用书之智不在书中,而在书外,全凭观察得之.读书时不可存心诘难作者,不可尽信书上所言,亦不可只为寻章摘句,而应推敲细思.书有可浅尝者,有可吞食者,少数则须全读,读时须全神贯注,孜孜不倦.书亦可请人代读,取其所作摘要,但只要限题材较次或价值不高者,否则书经提炼犹如水经蒸馏、淡而无味矣。IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.有两只老虎，一只在笼子里，一只在野地里。在笼子里的老虎三餐无忧，在外面的老虎自由自在。

笼子里的老虎总是羡慕外面老虎的自由，外面的老虎却羡慕笼子里的老虎安逸。一日，一只老虎对另一只老虎说：“咱们换一换。”另一只老虎同意了。

于是笼子里的老虎走进了大自然，野地里的老虎走进了笼子。但不久，两只老虎都死了。一只是饥饿而死，一只是忧郁而死。

许多时候，人们往往对自己的幸福熟视无睹，而觉得别人的幸福很耀眼，却想不到别人的幸福也许对自己不合适。Thereweretwotigers;onelivedinacage,andtheotherinthewild.Thecagedonedidn'thavetoworryabouthismealwhiletheoneoutsidewasunrestrained.Thecagedtigerwasalwaysenviousofthefreedomoftheoneinthewild,whiletheotheroneenviedthecagedoneforhisease.Oneday,onetigersaidtotheother:"let'schangeplaced".Theotheroneagreed.Therereleasethecagedonewenttothenaturewhiletheothercameintothecage.Butbeforelongbothdied,oneofstarvation,andtheother,melancholy.Sometimesoneisnotconsciousofhisownhappinessandalwaysthinksthegrassisalwaysgreenerontheothersideoffence,butnotthinkoverthatoneman'smeatisanotherman'spoison.TranslationPracticeFourI.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChinese.1.Hisworkisstillalongwayoffperfection.他的工作远远不够完美。2.Iamneveratalossforaword;Pittisneveratalossfortheword.我总是能凑合找个词儿说说，可是皮特什么时候都能找到恰如其分的词儿。3.WinstonChurchill,todayanidealizeheroofhistory,wasinhistimevariouslyconsideredabombasticblunderer,anunstablepolitician,anintermittentlyinspiredorator,arecklessself-dramatizer,avoluminousablewriterinanold-fashionedvein,andawarmongeringdrunkard.温斯顿丘吉尔今天是一个被理想化了的历史英雄，但当时却被看成各种各样的人物：爱唱高调但常犯错误的人，摇摆不定的政客，有几分才气的演说家，轻率的装腔作势者，写有大量著作但文风古老的多产作家，以及贩卖战争的酒徒。4.Luckily,atthistiehecaughtalivercomplaint,forthecureofwhichhereturnedtoEurope,andwhichwasthesourceofgreatcomfortandamusementtohisinhisnativecountry.算他运气好，正在那时害了肝病，必须回到欧洲去医治，才算有机会在本国享福。5.Hissuccessesweesorepeatedthatnowondertheenviousandthevanquishedspokesometimeswithbitternessregardingthem.他赢钱的次数那么多，无怪乎眼红的人，赌输的人，有时说起这件事便要发牢骚。II.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoEnglish.1.从杭州坐旅游车向西南走大约三小时左右可以到达一个叫瑶琳仙境的旅游胜地。ThereisatouristattractioncalledYaolinwonderlandwhichyoucanreachinabout3hoursbygoingsouthwestbytouristbusfromHangzhou.2.我不敢班门弄斧，诚望您发表高见。Idarenotshowoffinthepresenceofanexpert.Ihopeyouwouldbekindenoughtoenlightenusonthismatter.3.美国私立学校课程繁多,以满足学生的不同要求。PrivateschoolsintheU.S.haveawiderangeofprogressthatareofferedtomeettheneedsofcertainstudents.4.我们的教育方针，应该是使受教育者在德育，智育，体育几方面都得到发展，成为有社会注意觉悟、有文化的劳动者。Oureducationalpolicyenableeveryonewhoreceivesandeducationtodevelopmorally,intellectuallyandphysicallyandbecomeaworkerwithbothsocialistconsciousnessandculture.5.因为距离远，又缺乏交通工具，农村社会是与外界隔绝的。这种隔绝状态，由于通讯工具不足，就变得更加严重了。Theisolationoftheruralworldbecauseofdistanceandthelackoftransportfacilitiesiscompoundedbythepaucityoftheinformationmedia.III.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoChinese.Loveislikeanelasticbandthatmuststretchapartbeforeitpullsyoubackclosetooneanother.Itisacomingtidewhosewatersretreatalittleafterasinglewave,butthenextoneisclosertoyourheartthantheonebefore.Loveneedswordstomakeitreal.Withoutwords,quarrelscan’tberesolvedandwelosethepowertosharethemeaningofourlives.Theimportantthingistoacknowledgeandexpressourfeelings.Inthisway,wecantrulysendthespiritsofthoseweloveaswellasourownsoaringupwards.Loveisnotasingleact,butalifetimeadventureinwhichwearealwayslearning,discovering,growing.Itisneitherdestroyedbyasinglefailurenorwonbyasinglekiss.Itcanonlybeachievedthroughpatienceandunderstanding.爱就像根松紧带，在它将你们紧紧拉在一起之前，必须先拉开。爱又像涌来的潮水，一浪过后先退却一点，下一个浪才比前一个离你们的心更近。爱需要言语来实现。没有言语，争吵不能得到解决，这样我们就失去了分享自己生活意义的能力。重要的是承认并表达自己的情感。这样，我们才能真正使我们自己和我们所爱的人兴高采烈。爱不是一次性的行为，而是一生的探索。我们总是在这种探索中学习、发现和成长。一次失败不能毁灭爱，一次亲吻也不能赢得爱。唯有耐心和理解才能得到爱。IV.TranslatethefollowingpassageintoEnglish.新中国建立了民族区域自治制度。在少数民族聚居地区设立自治机关，由当地民族自己管理本民族的内部事务。目前，全国共有159个民族区域自治地方，其中自治区5个，自治州30个，自治县（旗）124个。民族区域自治地方根据《中华人民共和国民族区域自治法》行使各种自治权利，有权依照当地民族的政