2023年同等学力申硕英语真题

2023年同等学力申硕英语练习题试卷一词汇选择（PartIVocabulary,10points）SectionADirections:Inthissectiontherearetensentences,eachwithonewordorphraseunderlined.ChoosetheonefromthefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandDthatbestkeepsthemeaningofthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.1.Thenewpolicyisdesignedtoalleviatethesufferingofthepoor.A.easeB.increaseC.ignoreD.intensify2.Hisbehaviorwassoerraticthatnoonecouldpredictwhathewoulddonext.A.regularB.unpredictableC.normalD.stable3.Theprofessor'slecturesarealwaysveryilluminating,andstudentscanlearnalotfromthem.A.confusingB.boringC.enlighteningD.tiring4.Thecompanyistryingtostreamlineitsoperationstoimproveefficiency.A.complicateB.simplifyC.expandD.reduce5.Thedoctordiagnosedthepatient'sillnessaspneumonia.A.treatedB.examinedC.identifiedD.cured6.Thepoliticianmadeavehementspeechagainstthenewlaw.A.weakB.passionateC.calmD.moderate7.Theoldman'smemoryissofeeblethatheoftenforgetspeople'snames.A.strongB.sharpC.poorD.vivid8.Theresearchfindingsareofgreatsignificanceforfuturestudiesinthisfield.A.importanceB.insignificanceC.relevanceD.irrelevance9.Thenewsoftwarehasauserfriendlyinterface,whichmakesiteasytooperate.A.difficultB.unfriendlyC.convenientD.complex10.Theathlete'sperformancewashamperedbyaninjury.A.promotedB.hinderedC.improvedD.enhancedSectionBDirections:Inthissection,therearetenincompletesentences.ForeachsentencetherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatbestcompletesthesentence.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.11.Thegovernmenthaspromisedtotakemeasuresto_____theeconomiccrisis.A.copewithB.dealinC.getoverD.lookinto12.Theyoungmanisvery_____inhisstudies,alwaysspendinglonghoursinthelibrary.A.diligentB.lazyC.carelessD.stupid13.Weshouldnotbetoo_____withothers,aseveryonehashisownadvantagesanddisadvantages.A.criticalB.tolerantC.kindD.friendly14.Thenewbridgewill_____thetransportationbetweenthetwocities.A.facilitateB.complicateC.hinderD.prevent15.Thescientistisworkingonanewprojectthatcouldhaveaprofound_____onourlives.A.impactB.effectC.influenceD.alloftheabove16.Shehasawide_____ofinterests,includingpainting,musicandsports.A.scopeB.rangeC.extentD.field17.Thecompanyisfacinga_____situationduetothefiercecompetitioninthemarket.A.difficultB.challengingC.easyD.favorable18.Theteacherencouragedthestudentsto_____theirownopinionsinclass.A.expressB.suppressC.hideD.ignore19.Theoldhousehasalotof_____charm,whichattractsmanytourists.A.historicB.historicalC.historyD.historian20.Thestudentsarerequiredto_____areportontheirresearchfindingsattheendofthesemester.A.submitB.presentC.handinD.alloftheabove阅读理解（PartIIReadingComprehension,25points）Directions:Therearefivepassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbyfivequestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestoneandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Passage1Inrecentyears,theconceptof"smartcities"hasgainedsignificantattentionaroundtheworld.Asmartcityusesinformationandcommunicationtechnologies(ICTs)toimprovethequalityoflifeofitsresidents,enhanceurbanefficiency,andpromotesustainabledevelopment.Oneofthekeyfeaturesofasmartcityistheuseofsensorsanddataanalytics.Thesesensorsareplacedthroughoutthecitytocollectdataonvariousaspectssuchastrafficflow,airquality,andenergyconsumption.Thedataisthenanalyzedtoprovideinsightsthatcanbeusedtomakeinformeddecisions.Forexample,trafficsensorscandetectcongestioninrealtime,allowingtrafficmanagementsystemstoadjusttrafficsignalsandreroutevehiclestoeasetheflowoftraffic.Anotherimportantaspectofasmartcityistheintegrationofdifferentsystems.Forinstance,thetransportationsystemcanbeintegratedwiththeenergysystem.Electricvehiclescanbechargedatchargingstationspoweredbyrenewableenergysources,reducingthecity'scarbonfootprint.Also,thehealthcaresystemcanbeconnectedtothesmartgridtoensureastablepowersupplyformedicalequipment.However,thedevelopmentofsmartcitiesalsofacessomechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisdataprivacyandsecurity.Withthelargeamountofdatabeingcollected,thereisariskofdatabreachesandmisuse.Anotherchallengeisthedigitaldivide.Notallresidentsmayhaveaccesstothenecessarytechnologyortheskillstouseit,whichcouldleadtosocialinequality.1.Whatisthemainpurposeofasmartcity?A.Tocollectdataonvariousaspectsofthecity.B.Toimprovethequalityoflifeofresidentsandpromotesustainabledevelopment.C.Todevelopnewinformationandcommunicationtechnologies.D.Toreducetheuseoftraditionalenergysources.2.Howdotrafficsensorscontributetoasmartcity?A.Theycollectdataontrafficflowandhelpmanagetraffic.B.Theydetectairpollutioncausedbytraffic.C.Theyproviderealtimeinformationtodrivers.D.Theycontrolthespeedofvehicles.3.Whatdoestheintegrationofdifferentsystemsinasmartcitymean?A.Connectingallthesensorsinthecity.B.Combiningdifferentaspectsofthecity'sinfrastructureforbetterefficiency.C.Developingnewsoftwarefordifferentsystems.D.Sharingdatabetweendifferentdepartmentsinthecity.4.Whatarethechallengesindevelopingsmartcities?A.Dataprivacyandsecurity,andthedigitaldivide.B.Lackoffundingandtechnicalexpertise.C.Resistancefromresidentsandbusinesses.D.Environmentalpollutionandtrafficcongestion.5.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Smartcitiesonlyfocusonimprovingtransportation.B.Allresidentsinasmartcityhaveequalaccesstotechnology.C.Thedevelopmentofsmartcitieshasbothadvantagesandchallenges.D.Datacollectedinsmartcitiesisalwaysusedforgoodpurposes.Passage2Theriseofebookshasbeenasignificanttrendinthepublishingindustryinrecentyears.Ebooksofferseveraladvantagesovertraditionalprintedbooks.Firstly,theyaremoreconvenient.Youcancarryanentirelibraryofebooksonasingledevice,suchasatabletoranereader.Thismeansyoucanhaveaccesstoawiderangeofreadingmaterialswhereveryouare.Secondly,ebooksareoftencheaperthanprintedbooks.Publisherscansaveonprintinganddistributioncosts,andthesesavingsareoftenpassedontotheconsumers.Additionally,ebookscanbeupdatedeasily.Forexample,ifanauthormakesacorrectionoraddsnewcontenttoanebook,readerscangettheupdatedversionimmediately.However,ebooksalsohavesomedrawbacks.Oneofthemainconcernsistheimpactonreadingexperience.Somepeoplepreferthefeelofaprintedbookintheirhands,thesmellofthepaper,andtheabilitytoflipthroughthepages.Readingonascreenforalongtimecanalsocauseeyestrain.Anotherissueisthelongtermpreservationofebooks.Unlikeprintedbooks,whichcanlastforcenturiesifproperlystored,ebooksaredependentontechnology.Iftheformatbecomesobsoleteorthedevicemalfunctions,thereisariskoflosingaccesstotheebook.21.Whatisthemainadvantageofebooksmentionedinthepassage?A.Theyaremorebeautifulthanprintedbooks.B.Theyaremoreconvenientandcheaper.C.Theyhavemorecontentthanprintedbooks.D.Theyareeasiertowrite.22.Whyareebooksoftencheaperthanprintedbooks?A.Becausetheyarenotaspopularasprintedbooks.B.Becausepublisherscansaveonprintinganddistributioncosts.C.Becausetheyhavelesscontent.D.Becausetheyaresoldinlargequantities.23.Whatisoneofthemainconcernsaboutebooks?A.Theyaretooheavytocarry.B.Theyaredifficulttoupdate.C.Theyhaveanegativeimpactonthereadingexperience.D.Theyaretooexpensive.24.Whatistheproblemwiththelongtermpreservationofebooks?A.Theyareeasilydamagedbywater.B.Theyaredependentontechnologyandmaybecomeinaccessible.C.Theyaretoolargetostore.D.Theyarenotasvaluableasprintedbooks.25.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaccordingtothepassage?A.Ebookscanbeupdatedeasily.B.Somepeoplepreferthefeelofprintedbooks.C.Ebooksarealwaysmoreexpensivethanprintedbooks.D.Readingonascreenforalongtimecancauseeyestrain.Passage3Inthefieldofeducation,theflippedclassroommodelhasemergedasanewteachingmethod.Inatraditionalclassroom,theteacherlecturesinclass,andstudentsdotheirhomeworkathome.Inaflippedclassroom,thesituationisreversed.Studentswatchprerecordedvideolecturesathomeandthencometoclasstodohandsonactivities,groupdiscussions,andgetindividualizedhelpfromtheteacher.Theflippedclassroommodelhasseveraladvantages.Firstly,itallowsstudentstolearnattheirownpace.Theycanpause,rewind,andreplaythevideolecturesasmanytimesastheyneedtounderstandthecontent.Thisisespeciallybeneficialforstudentswhomayhavedifficultykeepingupwiththepaceofatraditionallecture.Secondly,itpromotesactivelearning.Inatraditionalclassroom,studentsareoftenpassivelisteners.Inaflippedclassroom,studentsareactivelyinvolvedindiscussionsandactivities,whichhelpsthembetterunderstandandretaintheknowledge.However,implementingtheflippedclassroommodelalsohassomechallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesistheneedforstudentstohaveaccesstotechnologyandareliableinternetconnection.Notallstudentsmayhavetheseresourcesathome,whichcouldcreateanunfairlearningenvironment.Anotherchallengeisthechangeintheroleoftheteacher.Teachersneedtobemoreskilledincreatingengagingvideolecturesandfacilitatinginclassactivities.26.Whatisthemaindifferencebetweenatraditionalclassroomandaflippedclassroom?A.Thelocationoflearning.B.Thewayofteachingandlearning.C.Thenumberofstudentsintheclass.D.Thesubjectmattertaught.27.Whyistheflippedclassroommodelbeneficialforstudents?A.Itallowsthemtolearnattheirownpaceandpromotesactivelearning.B.Itreducestheamountofhomework.C.Itdoesnotrequirestudentstolistentolectures.D.Itismorefunthanatraditionalclassroom.28.Whatisoneofthechallengesinimplementingtheflippedclassroommodel?A.Thelackofteachingmaterials.B.Thedifficultyingradingstudents.C.Theneedforstudentstohaveaccesstotechnologyandtheinternet.D.Theresistancefromteachers.29.Howdoestheroleoftheteacherchangeinaflippedclassroom?A.Theteacherbecomesapassiveobserver.B.Theteacherneedstocreatevideolecturesandfacilitateinclassactivities.C.Theteacherhaslessinteractionwithstudents.D.Theteacheronlyfocusesongradingstudents'work.30.Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrueaccordingtothepassage?A.Theflippedclassroommodelissuitableforallstudents.B.Inaflippedclassroom,studentsdonotneedtodoanyhomework.C.Theimplementationoftheflippedclassroommodelhasbothadvantagesandchallenges.D.Theflippedclassroommodelismoreexpensivethanatraditionalclassroom.Passage4Theagingpopulationisaglobalphenomenonthatishavingaprofoundimpactonsocietiesaroundtheworld.Aspeoplelivelonger,theproportionoftheelderlyinthepopulationisincreasing.Thisdemographicchangebringsbothopportunitiesandchallenges.Oneoftheopportunitiesisthepotentialforamoreexperiencedworkforce.Olderworkersoftenhaveawealthofknowledgeandskillsthatcanbepassedontoyoungergenerations.Theycanalsocontributetotheeconomythroughtheircontinuedparticipationinthelabormarket.However,theagingpopulationalsoposessignificantchallenges.Oneofthemainchallengesisthestrainonthepensionandhealthcaresystems.Withmoreelderlypeople,thereisagreaterdemandforpensionpaymentsandhealthcareservices.Thiscanputaheavyburdenongovernmentsandtaxpayers.Anotherchallengeisthesocialisolationoftheelderly.Asfamiliesbecomesmallerandmoremobile,olderpeoplemayfindthemselveslivingaloneorhavinglimitedcontactwiththeirrelatives.Thiscanleadtofeelingsoflonelinessanddepression.Toaddressthesechallenges,governmentsandsocietiesneedtotakeaseriesofmeasures.Forexample,theycanencourageolderpeopletostayintheworkforcelonger,improvethepensionandhealthcaresystems,andpromotesocialactivitiesfortheelderly.31.Whatistheglobalphenomenonmentionedinthepassage?A.Theincreaseinthebirthrate.B.Theagingpopulation.C.Themigrationofpeople.D.Thedevelopmentoftechnology.32.Whatisoneoftheopportunitiesbroughtbytheagingpopulation?A.Alargerconsumermarket.B.Amoreexperiencedworkforce.C.Adecreaseinthedemandforhealthcareservices.D.Areductioninthepensionburden.33.Whatarethemainchallengesposedbytheagingpopulation?A.Strainonthepensionandhealthcaresystemsandsocialisolationoftheelderly.B.Lackofjobopportunitiesfortheelderly.C.Environmentalproblemscausedbytheelderly.D.Resistancefromyoungergenerations.34.Howcangovernmentsandsocietiesaddressthechallengesoftheagingpopulation?A.Byforcingolderpeopletoretireearly.B.Byreducingthepensionpayments.C.Byencouragingolderpeopletostayintheworkforceandimprovingsocialsupport.D.Byignoringtheneedsoftheelderly.35.Whichofthefollowingstatementsisfalseaccordingtothepassage?A.Theagingpopulationhasbothpositiveandnegativeimpacts.B.Olderworkershavenovalueinthemodernworkforce.C.Socialisolationcancauseproblemsfortheelderly.D.Governmentsneedtotakemeasurestodealwiththeagingpopulation.Passage5Theimportanceofbiodiversitycannotbeoverstated.BiodiversityreferstothevarietyoflifeonEarth,includingplants,animals,andmicroorganisms.Itplaysacrucialroleinmaintainingthebalanceofecosystems.Oneofthekeyfunctionsofbiodiversityisprovidingecosystemservices.Forexample,plantsproduceoxygenthroughphotosynthesis,whichisessentialforalllivingorganisms.Pollinatorssuchasbeesandbutterflieshelpinthereproductionofplants.Wetlandsactasnaturalwaterfilters,purifyingwaterandreducingtheriskoffloods.Biodiversityalsohaseconomicvalue.Manyindustriesrelyonnaturalresourcesprovidedbybiodiversity.Thepharmaceuticalindustry,forinstance,discoversnewdrugsfromplantsandmicroorganisms.Thetourismindustrybenefitsfromthebeautyofnaturallandscapesandwildlife.However,biodiversityiscurrentlyunderthreat.Humanactivitiessuchasdeforestation,pollution,andclimatechangearecausingasignificantlossofbiodiversity.Thislosscanhavefarreachingconsequences,includingthedisruptionofecosystems,theextinctionofspecies,andthereductionofecosystemservices.36.Whatdoesbiodiversityreferto?A.ThenumberofplantsonEarth.B.ThevarietyoflifeonEarth.C.Thepopulationofanimalsinaparticulararea.D.Thedevelopmentofmicroorganisms.37.Howdoesbiodiversitycontributetoecosystemservices?A.Byproducingoxygen,helpingplantreproduction,andfilteringwater.B.Byreducingthenumberofpests.C.Byincreasingthetemperatureoftheenvironment.D.Bycreatingnewhabitatsforanimals.38.Whatistheeconomicvalueofbiodiversity?A.Itprovidesnaturalresourcesforindustriesandattractstourists.B.Itreducesthecostofenvironmentalprotection.C.Ithelpsinthedevelopmentofnewtechnologies.D.Itincreasestheproductivityofagriculture.39.Whyisbiodiversityunderthreat?A.Becauseofnaturaldisasters.B.Becauseofhumanactivitiessuchasdeforestationandpollution.C.Becauseoftheoverpopulationofcertainspecies.D.Becauseofthelackofscientificresearch.40.Whatcanbetheconsequencesofthelossofbiodiversity?A.Theimprovementofecosystems.B.Theincreaseinthenumberofspecies.C.Thedisruptionofecosystemsandtheextinctionofspecies.D.Theenhancementofecosystemservices.完形填空（PartIIICloze,10points）Directions:Inthispart,thereisapassagewithtwentyblanks.ForeachblanktherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.ChoosethebestanswerforeachblankandmarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.TheInternethasbecomeanessentialpartofourlives.Ithaschangedthewaywecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.However,theInternetalsohasits41.Oneofthemainproblemsisonlineprivacy.Withthedevelopmentoftechnology,companiesandorganizationscancollectalargeamountof42aboutus.Theycantrackouronlineactivities,suchasthewebsiteswevisit,theproductswebuy,andthe43wemakeonsocialmedia.Thisinformationcanbeusedforvariouspurposes,44targetedadvertising.Manypeopleare45abouttheironlineprivacy.Theyworrythattheirpersonalinformationmaybe46ormisused.Forexample,hackersmaystealourpasswordsandcreditcardnumbers,47ustofinanciallosses.Toprotectouronlineprivacy,weneedtotakesome48.First,weshouldbecarefulaboutwhatweshareonline.Weshouldavoidsharingsensitiveinformation,suchasoursocialsecuritynumbersandbankaccountdetails,onpublicwebsites.Second,weshouldusestrongpasswordsandchangethem49.Third,wecaninstallsecuritysoftwareonourdevicesto50usfrommalwareandviruses.AnotherissuerelatedtotheInternetisonlineaddiction.Manypeople,especiallyteenagers,51alotoftimeontheInternet.Theymayspendhoursplayingonlinegames,chattingwithfriendsonsocialmedia,orwatchingvideos.Thiscanhaveanegative52ontheirphysicalandmentalhealth.Spendingtoomuchtimeonlinecanleadto53problems,suchaseyestrain,backpain,andobesity.Itcanalsoaffecttheirsocialskillsand54development.TeenagerswhoareaddictedtotheInternetmayhavedifficulty55facetofaceconversationsandmakingfriendsintherealworld.Todealwithonlineaddiction,parentsandteachersshould56teenagers'Internetuse.Theycansetlimitsonthe57oftimeteenagersspendonlineandencouragethemtoengageinotheractivities,suchassportsandreading.Inaddition,theInternethasalsochangedthewayweaccessinformation.Wecannowfindalmostanyinformationweneedwithjustafewclicks.However,thisalsomeansthatthereisalotof58informationontheInternet.Someoftheinformationmaybefalseormisleading.To59reliableinformation,weneedtobecriticalthinkers.Weshouldcheckthesourceoftheinformationandlookformultiple60toconfirmit.41.A.advantagesB.disadvantagesC.benefitsD.features42.A.dataB.knowledgeC.newsD.facts43.A.commentsB.decisionsC.plansD.choices44.A.includingB.excludingC.exceptD.besides45.A.concernedB.unconcernedC.interestedD.uninterested46.A.protectedB.stolenC.savedD.used47.A.leadingB.causingC.resultingD.bringing48.A.stepsB.actionsC.measuresD.ways49.A.regularlyB.rarelyC.occasionallyD.seldom50.A.protectB.preventC.defendD.guard51.A.costB.takeC.spendD.pay52.A.effectB.affectC.influenceD.impact53.A.physicalB.mentalC.emotionalD.social54.A.intellectualB.socialC.physicalD.mental55.A.havingB.makingC.takingD.doing56.A.controlB.monitorC.manageD.direct57.A.amountB.numberC.quantityD.deal58.A.accurateB.falseC.reliableD.useful59.A.findB.discoverC.locateD.identify60.A.sourcesB.placesC.websitesD.materials口语交际（PartIVOralCommunication,10points）SectionADirections:Inthissection,therearetwoincompletedialogues.EachdialoguehasthreeblanksandfourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosethemostappropriateanswertocompletethedialogue.MarkyouranswerontheAnswerSheet.Dialogue1A:Hi,I'mthinkingofgoingonatripthisweekend.Doyouhaveanysuggestions?B:61.There'sabeautifulmountainnearby.Youcangohikingthere.A:Soundsgreat!Butisitfarfromhere?B:62.Itonlytakesaboutanhourbycar.A:That'snotbad.WhatelsecanIdothere?B:63.Therearealsosomesmallvillageswhereyoucanexperiencethelocalculture.A.No,it'snot.B.Youcanenjoythebeautifulsceneryandfreshair.C.Well,youcouldgotothemountains.D.It'sveryfar.Dialogue2A:I'mreallystressedoutthesedays.Ihavealotofworktodo.B:64.Youshouldtakeabreakandrelax.A:ButIdon'tknowhowtorelax.B:65.Youcangotoaspaorwatchamovie.A:Thatsoundslikeagoodidea.ButI'mabitshortofmoney.B:66.Youcanjusttakeawalkinthepark.It'sfree.A.Don'tworry.