Unit 4 Humour Lesson 1 课件-2022-2023学年高中英语北师大版2019选择性必修第二册

Unit4HumourLesson1What'sSoFunny?Vocabulary1.pretendpretendtobe假装成pretendtodo假装做pretendtobedoing假装正在做pretendtohavedone假装已经做了pretend+that从句假装练习：They_________tobefriendlywithus.pretend2.anxietywithanxiety焦急地anxiousadj.焦急的，渴望的beanxiousabout/forsb./sth.为某人/某事感到担心beanxioustodosth.渴望/急于做某事anxiouslyadv.焦虑地，不安地练习：What'stheoriginofyour_________?Vocabularyanxiety3.confusedconfusingadj.令人迷惑的confusev.混淆，困惑confuse...with...把……跟……混淆练习：Heis__________aboutthisquestion.confusedVocabulary4.faithfulfaithfuladj.忠实的；忠诚的afaithfulreader一位忠实的读者faithfulservice忠诚的服务befaithfultosb./sth.对某人/某物忠诚faithfullyadv.忠实地；忠诚地faithn.信念；信仰；信心loseone'sfaith失去信心练习：YouknowI'm__________toyou.faithfulVocabulary5.measurementmeasurev.测量n.措施，方法measureby…用……来衡量bemeasuredby通过……测量/衡量bemeasuredin以……方式测量/衡量measuresb.forsth.给某人量衣服尺寸takemeasures/steps/actiontodosth.采取措施做某事makesth.tosb.'smeasure照某人的尺寸做某物练习：Accurate_____________isimportantinscience.measurementVocabulary6.screamscream(out)(in/withsth.)(因伤痛、害怕和激动等)尖叫scream(sth.)(out)(atsb.)(向某人）高声喊/大声叫scream(out)(forsb./sth.)(为某人/某事)高声喊/大声叫练习：Heheardthe___________ofthebrakesscreamVocabulary7.announceannouncev.宣布，宣告，发表(决定、计划)announcesth.宣告某事announce+that从句宣告……announcesth.tosb.向某人宣告某事Itisannounced+that从句据宣布……announcementn.宣告announcern.播音员练习：Theyaregoingto___________theirengagement.announceVocabulary8.doadoubletakelookupto尊重，尊敬lookback回头看；回顾lookover检查lookup查阅lookdownon/upon轻视；瞧不起练习：We______________________tosolvetheproblem.doadoubletakeVocabularylookforwardto盼望lookinto调查lookthrough浏览lookout小心，注意LeadinginDoyoulikereadinghumorousorfunnystories?Why?ACTIVATEANDSHAREExampleIlikereadinghumorousstoriesbecauseIliketheplayonwords.LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour1.Playonwords—pun(双关语)Anamusinguseofawordorphrasethathastwomeanings,orofwordsthathavethesamesoundbutdifferentmeanings.双关语指在一定的语言环境中，利用词的多义和同音的条件，有意使语句具有双重意义，言在此而意在彼的修辞方式。双关可使语言表达得含蓄、幽默，而且能加深语意，给人以深刻印象。双关可分为谐音双关和语义双关两类。双关语最能发挥人的幽默和风趣。法国大文豪雨果也说：“双关语是飞舞着的灵魂的产物。”LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)Sarcasmgenerallytakestheformofanironicremark,somewhatrootedinhumour,thatisintendedtomockorsatirizesomething.Whenaspeakerisbeingsarcastic,heissayingsomethingdifferentthanwhatheactuallymeans.LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)Asaliterarydevice,sarcasmcanconveyawriterand/orcharacter'struefeelingsoffrustration,anger,andevenderision,thoughveiledbythepresenceofhumourandwordingthatisinconsistentwithwhatisintended.However,sincesarcasticstatements,astheyareworded,contradictthespeaker'sintentandtruemeaning,itcanbedifficultforwriterstoeffectivelyutilizethisliterarydevicewithoutpropercontextortone.LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)讽刺是一种文学手法，用于暴露对象的缺点和可笑之处，常采用夸张或反讽等方式，从而产生幽默的效果。有时用讥刺和嘲讽笔法描写敌对的、落后的事物，有时用夸张的手法加以暴露，以达到贬低的效果。这就是说作者在真实的基础上，以讽刺和嘲讽的手法，揭露某些现象，批判某种行为，使人在会心的笑声中予以否定，这种手法就是讽刺。LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)讽刺手法犀利有力，而且使用灵活，或正面进攻，或旁敲侧击，或讽刺揶揄，或正颜厉色，嬉笑怒骂，皆成文章。归纳起来，讽刺手法大致有以下几种：LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)①漫画法漫画式的讽刺手法其特点是夸张，把人或事的假、丑、恶加以扩大或缩小，使之变相、变形，以突出这一侧面的特征，达到讽刺的目的。马克·吐温的《竞选州长》采用了这种手法，揭露不同社会的光怪陆离现象，在刻画人物形象方面起了重要作用。LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)②对比法即把被讽刺的对象，在对待同一人或事的前后不同的言行进行描述，以显示被讽刺对象的愚蠢可笑。莫泊桑的《我的叔叔于勒》围绕于勒有无金钱，描写菲力普夫妇言行、态度，前后判若两人的变化，使读者不难看出夫妇二人的极度虚伪、冷酷无情，进一步揭示了资本主义社会人与人之间赤裸裸的金钱关系。契诃夫的《变色龙》通过描写警官奥楚蔑洛夫围绕狗的主人是谁的易变、善变，无情地揭露了沙皇统治下社会的黑暗。LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)③托物法这是一种把讽刺对象比作某物，使讽刺对象具体化、形象化的手法。《惠子相梁》中的惠子听信传言，以为庄子来代他为相，非常恐惧。而庄子却给他讲了一个风趣的故事，他在故事中把自己比作鹓鶵（古代传说中像凤凰一样的鸟），惠子比作猫头鹰，梁国则比作腐鼠。他极力描写了鹓鶵高尚的志趣，而猫头鹰得一腐鼠便视为珍贵美味，讽刺之意溢于言表。这种技法在诸子百家著作及《战国策》中屡有所见。LeadinginACTIVATEANDSHAREExploretwomethodsofcreatinghumour2.Sarcasm(讽刺)④反说法反说法也就是“说反话”。作为讽刺手段的“反话”，是指用肯定、赞美的语言描述明显的丑恶、虚假的现象，表达作者的鄙视与挖苦。《藤野先生》开头一段对“清国留学生”的描写，表达的正是厌恶之极的情感。“实在标致极了”其实是指一点也不标致，称他们标致，是明显的讽刺。当任何指斥的言辞都不足以把愤怒之情表达的酣畅淋漓时，化为反语的讽刺，较之直言指责更为有力，表达的厌恶之情更为强烈。Workingroupsofthree.Eachstudentreadsoneofthestoriesandanswersthefollowingquestions.Thensharewhatyouhavereadwithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORE1.Whichcharactersareinthestory?StoryA:afamousartcollectorandanownerofastore.StoryB:SherlockHolmesandDr.Watson.StoryC:Grockandadoctor.Workingroupsofthree.Eachstudentreadsoneofthestoriesandanswersthefollowingquestions.Thensharewhatyouhavereadwithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORE2.Wherearethey?Thefamousartcollectorwasinastore.SherlockHolmesandDr.Watsonwereonacampingtrip.Grockandthedoctorwereinahospital.Workingroupsofthree.Eachstudentreadsoneofthestoriesandanswersthefollowingquestions.Thensharewhatyouhavereadwithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORE3.Whathappenedto/betweenthem?StoryA:Thefamousartcollectorwantedtobuythevaluablesaucer.Andtheowneroftheshoponlywantedtosellthecat.Workingroupsofthree.Eachstudentreadsoneofthestoriesandanswersthefollowingquestions.Thensharewhatyouhavereadwithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORE3.Whathappenedto/betweenthem?StoryB:SherlockHolmeswantedtotellDr.Watsonthattheirtenthadbeenstolen.ButDr.Watsondescribedmoreabouttheuniverse.Workingroupsofthree.Eachstudentreadsoneofthestoriesandanswersthefollowingquestions.Thensharewhatyouhavereadwithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORE3.Whathappenedto/betweenthem?StoryC:Grockwantedthedoctortoexaminehimandgivehimsomecomfort,butthedoctoradvisedhimtowatchtheperformanceofthecircus.Asamatteroffact,Grockwastheclown.Workingroupsofthree.Eachstudentreadsoneofthestoriesandanswersthefollowingquestions.Thensharewhatyouhavereadwithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORE4.Whyisitfunny?StoryA:Thecollectorhadplannedtobuythesaucer,butinfactheboughtacat.StoryB:SherlockhadplannedtomakeWatsonknowtheirtenthadbeenstolen,butWatsondidn'tnoticethat.Workingroupsofthree.Eachstudentreadsoneofthestoriesandanswersthefollowingquestions.Thensharewhatyouhavereadwithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORE4.Whyisitfunny?StoryC:Grockwenttoseeadoctortorelievehisstress,butthedoctoradvisedhimtowatchtheperformanceofthecircustomakehimlaugh.Thedoctordidn'tknowitwasGrockwhogavetheperformance.GroupWorkReadthethreestories.Completethenotes.Thenshareandcheckyournoteswithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORECharacterWhatdideachpersondo?RealpurposeTheresultTheartcollectorThestoreownerStoryABuyacatSellgoodsBuythesaucerSellthecatfunnyGroupWorkReadthethreestories.Completethenotes.Thenshareandcheckyournoteswithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORECharacterWhatdideachpersondo?RealpurposeTheresultSherlockHolmesDr.WatsonStoryBAskWatsontolookupattheskyandtellhimwhathesawfunnyLookupattheskyTellWatsontheirtenthadbeenstolenShowoffwhatheknewabouttheuniverseGroupWorkReadthethreestories.Completethenotes.Thenshareandcheckyournoteswithyourgroupmembers.READANDEXPLORECharacterWhatdideachpersondo?RealpurposeTheresultThemiddle-agedmanThedoctorStoryCSeeadoctorfunnyExaminethemiddle-agedmanRelievestressandanxietyAdvisehimtoseetheperformanceofthecircusCompletethefunnypartofthethreestories.READANDEXPLOREStoryThefunnypartAThestoreownerrefusedtogiveawaythesaucerwiththecatbecause...BSherlockHolmesandDr.Watsonsawmillionsofstarsatnightbecause...CAnamazingclowncouldn't...itwashisluckysaucer.theirtenthadbeenstolen.ButWatsondidn'tnoticethis.makethemanrelaxed,becausetheclownwasjusthimself.Group

WorkTelloneofthethreestoriestoyourgroupbasedonyournotesCompletethesummarieswiththewordsorphrasesyouhavelearntfromthestories.Anartcollectornoticedacatlappingmilkfroma1___________inthe2___________ofastore.Herealisedthatitwasan3___________andveryvaluable.Hedecidedtobuythecatandofferedtopay200dollarsintheend.Thenheaskedthestoreownerto4___________thesaucer,buttheownerrefusedtogiveitawayforhehadsold68catsbecauseofthisluckysaucer.saucerdoorwayantiquethrowCompletethesummarieswiththewordsorphrasesyouhavelearntfromthestories.SherlockHolmesaskedhis5_________friendDr.Watsonwhathesawfromthesky."6___________ofstars,"saidDr.Watson.Basedonhisknowledgeon7___________,hebelievedtherearemillionsofgalaxiesand8___________ofplanets.Hededucedthatitwasprobablyaquarterpastthreebasedonthe9_______________________oftime.Fromthe10__________________,heforecastedthatitwouldbeabeautifuldaythenextday.Watsondidn'trealisethatsomeonehadstolentheirtent!Millionsfaithful

astronomybillionsscientificmeasurementcurrentatmosphereCompletethesummarieswiththewordsorphrasesyouhavelearntfromthestories.Amiddle-agedmanwhowas11___________________wenttothedoctor.Thedoctorexaminedhimandfound12______________OK.Thedoctorthoughtthatwhatthemanneededwas13______________andsuggested14_________________________.Actuallyhewas15___________.feelingverydowneverythingagoodlaughseeingacircusperformingtheclownFOCUSONLANGUAGE:CONTINUOUSTENSESReadthefollowingsentencesfromStoryC.Discusswhichcontinuoustense(presentperfectcontinuous,pastperfectcontinuous,futurecontinuous)isusedineachsentence.1Everythinghadbeengoingwrongforhim.2Well,I'vebeenhavingabitofacrisis.3Thistimenextweek,I'llbearrivinginNewYork.pastperfectcontinuousPair

WorkpresentperfectcontinuousfuturecontinuousFOCUSONLANGUAGE:CONTINUOUSTENSESFutureContinuous(willbe+verb-ing)PresentPerfectContinuous(have/hasbeen+verb-ing)PastPerfectContinuous(hadbeen+verb-ing)

IwillbeworkingintheUnitedStatesforthreemonths.Well,I'vebeenhavingabitofacrisis,youknow,lotsofproblems.Everythinghadbeengoingwrongforhim.Completethesentencesusingpresentperfectcontinuous,pastperfectcontinuousorfuturecontinuouswhereappropriate.FOCUSONLANGUAGE:CONTINUOUSTENSES1Theeagerfans_____________________(wait)forsixhoursbeforetheyfinallygottheticketsforthefootballmatch.2.I_____________________(lookfor)thatforweeks-wheredidyoufindit?3.MrsWang______________________________(staywithherfriends)whenshegoestoHainan.hadbeenwaitinghavebeenlookingforwillbestayingwithherfriendsCompletethesentencesusingpresentperfectcontinuous,pastperfectcontinuousorfuturecontinuouswhereappropriate.FOCUSONLANGUAGE:CONTINUOUSTENSES4.Ashe__________________________(repairhiscar)allafternoon,hewasmessy.5.ThisbookistakingmesolongthatI_____________________(stillread)itbythistimenextyear!6.She_________________________(studyEnglish)sincesheleftschool.hadbeenrepairinghiscarwillbestillreadinghasbeenstudyingEnglishReadthejokesbelowandtalkaboutthefunnypartofeachjoke.EXPRESSYOURSELFPairWorkGirl:Whywasthecatsittingonthecomputer?Boy:Hewaskeepinganeyeonthemouse.Thefunnypartistheplayonthemeaningof"mouse";acomputermouseandamouse.Readthejokesbelowandtalkaboutthefunnypartofeachjoke.EXPRESSYOURSELFPairWorkTeacherofpolitics:WhoisthespeakeroftheHouse?Student:Mother.Thefunnypartistheplayonthemeaningof"theHouse".Inpoliticsitoftenreferstothepoliticalinstituteandiscapitalised.Thestudentunderstoodittobethehousehold.Themotherisoftenthoughtofthespeakerasshetendstotalkmoreathomeanddecidesonhouseholdmatters.Readthejokesbelowandtalkaboutthefunnypartofeachjoke.EXPRESSYOURSELFPairWorkStudent:Professor,IdidthebestIcouldonthistest.Ireallydon'tthinkIdeserveazero.Professor:NeitherdoI.Butthat'sthelowestgradeI'mallowedtogive.Thefunnypartisthatthestudentiscomplainingaboutthelowmarkandprofessorrespondsasitisactuallyhigherthanwhathedeserves.Theprofessorusessarcasmhere.Readthejokesbelowandtalkaboutthefunnypartofeachjoke.EXPRESSYOURSELFPairWorkTeacher:Whatisthechemicalformulaforwater?Student:HIJKLMNO!Teacher:Whatareyoutalkingabout?Student:Yesterdayyousaidit'sHtoO!Thefunnypartistheplayon"to",whichsoundsthesame;anumbertwoorgoingfromonepointtoanother.Itimpliesthatthestudentdoesn'tknowwhataformulais.语法：进行时态

形式时态肯定否定现在进行时am/is/are

doingam/is/are

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doingwas/were

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doing现在完成进行时have/has

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doing一、现在进行时1.表示说话时正在进行或发生的动作，也可表示当前一段时间内的活动或现阶段正在进行着的动作或存在的状态。--Ihearyouareworkinginapub.What'sitlike?——我听说你在酒吧工作。感觉怎么样？--Well,theworkisveryhardandI'malwaystired,butIdon'tmind.——哦，工作很辛苦，我也总是很累，不过我不介意。语法：进行时态一、现在进行时2.某些表示位置转移的动词，如：come,go,leave,arrive,start,move等，可用现在进行时表示即将发生或计划要做的事。语法：进行时态一、现在进行时3.一些特殊的用法现在进行时可用来表示经常性的动作，常和constantly,always,forever等副词连用，表示厌烦、赞美等情绪。Sheisalwayssleepingwiththewindowopen.她总喜欢开着窗户睡觉。语法：进行时态二、过去进行时1.表示过去某时刻正在发生的动作，或与过去发生的某事同时发生的动作；也可表示过去某个时间段内一直在进行的动作。Iwalkedslowlythroughthemarket,wherepeopleweresellingallkindsoffruitsandvegetables.我慢慢地走过市场，市场里人们在卖各种各样的水果和蔬菜。语法：进行时态二、过去进行时2.短暂性动词可用过去进行时表示过去按计划、安排要做的事。Iwascomingtovisityoulaterthatday,butIhadtophoneandcancel.我本打算那天晚些时候来看你的，但是我不得不打电话取消了。语法：进行时态二、过去进行时3.与always,constantly,forever等副词连用时，表示说话人对某种行为的赞赏、厌烦、不满等情绪。Hewasalwayschanginghismind.他总是改变主意。语法：进行时态三、将来进行时表示将来某时刻或某一时间段正在进行的动作，常表示事情的正常发展。I'llbedoingsomehouseworktomorrow.明天我要干些家务活。语法：进行时态四、现在完成进行时1.常用来表示开始于过去某个时间，一直持续到现在并且会继续进行下去的动作。Fordaysthekidsha