2026年天津市北师大版初中英语第8单元语法练习题

2026年天津市北师大版初中英语第8单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.TheteachertoldusthatthestudentswillgotothemuseumnextSunday.解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"when"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，但"started"时态错误；选项D正确，"told"为一般过去时，"willgo"为一般将来时，符合宾语从句规则。2.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichisbelongtomysister.B.Iboughtsomeapplesatthesupermarketyesterday,buttheyareveryexpensive.C.Shegoestotheschooleverydaybybus,butshedon’thaveacar.D.Myfatherhastwobrother-in-law,andtheyareverykindtome.解析：选项A中"belongto"前无需冠词；选项B正确，"someapples"泛指数量；选项C中"don’t"应为"doesn’t"（第三人称单数）；选项D中"twobrother-in-law"应为"twobrothers-in-law"（复数名词）。3.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Theboyisinterestedinplaythepiano,butheisnotgoodatit.B.Shearrivedatthestationat8o’clock,butthetrainhadalreadyleftforBeijing.C.Myparentsalwaysgotothegymonweekend,buttheydon’tgoonSunday.D.Thecatissleepingunderthebed,butthedogislyingonthefloor.解析：选项A中"playthepiano"应为"playingthepiano"（动名词形式）；选项B正确，"atthestation"和"forBeijing"均符合介词使用规则；选项C中"onweekend"应为"onweekends"（复数形式）；选项D中"underthebed"和"onthefloor"介词重复。4.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Isawagirlwhoisdancingintheparkyesterdayevening.B.Thebookwhichhewroteisveryinterestinganditisreadbymanypeople.C.Shelovestoswimintheriver,butshedoesn’tliketoplaybasketball.D.Mybrotherwenttothelibrarytostudyfortheexambecausehehadtoprepareforit.解析：选项A中"isdancing"应为一般过去时；选项B中"itisread"应为"itwasread"（一般过去时）；选项C正确，"toswim"和"toplay"均为不定式表目的；选项D中"toprepare"与"hadto"重复。5.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中形容词和副词使用正确的一项。A.Themoviewasverybored,andtheaudiencewasveryboredtoo.B.ShespeaksEnglishverygood,butshedoesn’tspeakFrenchverywell.C.Mybrotheristhetallestinhisclass,butheisn’ttheintelligenteststudent.D.Theweatherwastoobad,sowecouldn’tgotothebeachyesterday.解析：选项A中"bored"应为"boring"（形容词修饰物）；选项B中"good"应为"well"（副词修饰动词）；选项C中"intelligentest"应为"mostintelligent"（最高级形式）；选项D正确，"toobad"和"couldn’tgo"符合逻辑。6.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.MysisterandIaregoingtotheconcerttomorrow,andshewanttobuyaticket.B.Thisisthebookwhichmyfathergavetomelastyear,anditisveryuseful.C.Hetoldmethathisbrotherisadoctor,butIdon’tknowwhereheworks.D.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhavefinishedtheirhomework.解析：选项A中"she"应为"we"（复数）；选项B中"which"应为"that"（限定性定语从句）；选项C正确，"hisbrother"和"he"指代一致；选项D中"havefinished"应为"hadfinished"（一般过去时）。7.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.IwaswatchingTVwhenthephoneranglastnight,butIdidn’tanswerit.B.ShehasbeentoLondontwice,butshehasn’tbeentoParisyet.C.Theywillgotothemuseumnextweek,buttheydon’tknowiftheycango.D.MybrotherhaslivedinBeijingforfiveyears,butheismovingtoShanghainextmonth.解析：选项A正确，"waswatching"和"didn’tanswer"时态一致；选项B正确，"hasbeen"和"hasn’tbeen"时态一致；选项C中"don’tknow"应为"don’tknowiftheywillgo"（一般将来时）；选项D中"haslived"和"moving"时态矛盾。8.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中连词使用正确的一项。A.Sheissmartandsheishardworking,soshealwaysgetsgoodgrades.B.Iwanttogotothelibrary,butIhavetofinishmyhomeworkfirst.C.Hedidn’tstudyfortheexam,becausehewassick,sohefailedit.D.Theteachertoldusthatweshouldstudyhard,orwewillfailthetest.解析：选项A正确，"and"连接并列主语，"so"引导结果状语从句；选项B正确，"but"引导转折状语从句；选项C正确，"because"引导原因状语从句，"so"引导结果状语从句；选项D正确，"or"引导条件状语从句。9.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中名词性从句使用正确的一项。A.ThequestionishowwecanimproveourEnglishskills.B.Idon’tknowwhattimethetrainwillarrive,butIwillwaitforit.C.Shesaidthatshewastired,butshedidn’texplainwhyshewastired.D.Theteachertoldusthatweshouldstudyharder,butwedidn’tknowhowtodoit.解析：选项A正确，"how"引导宾语从句；选项B正确，"whattime"引导宾语从句；选项C正确，"why"引导宾语从句；选项D正确，"how"引导宾语从句。10.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中被动语态使用正确的一项。A.Thebookwaswrittenbymyfatherlastyear,anditisverypopular.B.Mybrotherwastakentothehospitalyesterdaybecausehewasinjuredintheaccident.C.Thehomeworkwasfinishedbythestudentslastnight,butitwasn’tgood.D.Themoviewaswatchedbytheaudiencelastnight,butitwasboring.解析：选项A正确，"waswritten"为被动语态；选项B正确，"wastaken"为被动语态；选项C正确，"wasfinished"为被动语态；选项D中"waswatched"为被动语态，但"boring"应为"bored"（形容词修饰物）。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mysisterisinterested______(go)hikingonweekends,butshedoesn’tlike______(swim)intheriver.2.Theboyistooyoung______(drive)acar,soheneedshisparents’help.3.Shewenttothelibraryyesterdaybecauseshehadtofinish______(do)herhomeworkbeforedinner.4.MybrotherhaslivedinShanghai______(three)years,butheisgoingtomovetoBeijingnextmonth.5.Theteachertoldusthatthestudentsshouldstudyharder______(get)goodgradesnextsemester.6.Idon’tknowwheremyparentsare,butIthinktheyareprobably______(go)tothesupermarket.7.ThebookwhichmyfathergavetomelastyearisveryusefulbecauseithelpsmeimprovemyEnglish.8.Mysisteristhetallestinherclass,butsheisn’tthemostintelligent______(student)inherfamily.9.Themoviewastooboring,sowedidn’twatchit______(end)lastnight.10.IwaswatchingTVwhenthephonerang,butIdidn’tansweritbecauseIwastoobusy.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theboyisinterestedinplaythepiano,butheisnotgoodatit.(×)解析：应为"playingthepiano"（动名词形式），"interestedin"后需跟动名词。2.Shearrivedatthestationat8o’clock,butthetrainhadalreadyleftforBeijing.(√)解析：时态和介词使用均正确。3.Myparentsalwaysgotothegymonweekend,buttheydon’tgoonSunday.(×)解析：应为"onweekends"（复数形式）。4.Thecatissleepingunderthebed,butthedogislyingonthefloor.(√)解析：介词使用正确。5.Isawagirlwhoisdancingintheparkyesterdayevening.(×)解析：应为"isdancing"（一般过去时）。6.Thebookwhichhewroteisveryinterestinganditisreadbymanypeople.(×)解析：应为"itwasread"（一般过去时）。7.Shelovestoswimintheriver,butshedoesn’tliketoplaybasketball.(√)解析：不定式表目的，使用正确。8.Mybrotherwenttothelibrarytostudyfortheexambecausehehadtoprepareforit.(×)解析："toprepare"与"hadto"重复。9.Themoviewasverybored,andtheaudiencewasveryboredtoo.(×)解析：应为"boring"（形容词修饰物）。10.Theweatherwastoobad,sowecouldn’tgotothebeachyesterday.(√)解析：逻辑和时态均正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.简述第8单元中一般过去时和现在完成时的区别。参考答案：一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，且与现在无关；现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果。例如："Hewenttothelibraryyesterday"（一般过去时）vs"Hehasfinishedhishomework"（现在完成时）。2.解释第8单元中冠词"the"和"a/an"的用法区别。参考答案："the"用于特指，如"Thebookonthetable"；"a/an"用于泛指，如"Iboughtanapple"。3.说明第8单元中非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的用法。参考答案：不定式表目的、结果等，如"toswim"；动名词表主语、宾语等，如"swimming"；分词表伴随、修饰等，如"dancing"。4.分析第8单元中形容词和副词的用法区别。参考答案：形容词修饰名词，如"boringbook"；副词修饰动词、形容词等，如"speaksEnglishwell"。5.阐述第8单元中代词"it"、"they"、"he"的指代对象。参考答案："it"指代事物，如"thebook"；"they"指代复数，如"myparents"；"he"指代男性单数，如"mybrother"。6.解释第8单元中连词"and"、"but"、"so"的用法。参考答案："and"连接并列成分，如"sheissmartandhardworking"；"but"表示转折，如"Iwanttogo,butIcan’t"；"so"表示结果，如"Istudied,soIpassed"。7.说明第8单元中名词性从句的功能和引导词。参考答案：功能包括主语、宾语、表语等，如"Whathesaidistrue"；引导词包括"what"、"how"、"that"、"if"等。8.分析第8单元中被动语态的构成和用法。参考答案：构成为"be+过去分词"，如"thebookwaswritten"；用法包括强调动作承受者，如"thehomeworkwasfinished"。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.阅读以下短文，并改错。"Mysisterisastudent.Shegotoschooleveryday.Shestudyhard,butshedon’tlikemath.Shethinkmathisboring.Shewanttobeadoctor,butshedon’tknowifshecandoit."参考答案：-"go"→"goes"（第三人称单数）-"study"→"studies"（第三人称单数）-"don’tlike"→"doesn’tlike"（第三人称单数）-"think"→"thinks"（第三人称单数）-"want"→"wants"（第三人称单数）-"don’tknow"→"doesn’tknow"（第三人称单数）2.将以下句子改为一般过去时。"Heusuallyplaysbasketballafterschool.HissisteroftenwatchesTVintheevening."参考答案：-"plays"→"played"-"watches"→"watched"3.用所给词的适当形式填空。"Thebookwhich______(write)bymyfatherisveryinteresting."参考答案：waswritten4.用所给词的适当形式填空。"Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano,butsheisnotgoodatit."参考答案：playing5.用所给词的适当形式填空。"Idon’tknowwheremyparents______(be)now,butIthinktheyareprobablyatthesupermarket."参考答案：are6.用所给词的适当形式填空。"Themoviewastooboring,sowedidn’twatchit______(end)lastnight."参考答案：until7.用所给词的适当形式填空。"Theteachertoldusthatthestudentsshouldstudyharder______(get)goodgradesnextsemester."参考答案：toget8.用所给词的适当形式填空。"MybrotherhaslivedinShanghai______(three)years,butheisgoingtomovetoBeijingnextmonth."参考答案：for六、案例分析（总共9题，每题2分，共18分）案例背景：Lastweekend,myfamilywenttothebeachforapicnic.Theweatherwassunny,sowedecidedtogoearlyinthemorning.Myparentspackedsandwiches,fruits,anddrinks.MysisterandIplayedbeachvolleyballwithsomefriends,butmybrothersatundertheumbrellaandreadabook.Wehadalotoffun,butwedidn’tgoswimmingbecausethewaterwastoocold.1.用"was"或"were"填空。-Theweather______sunny.参考答案：was2.用"did"或"didn’t"填空。-We______goswimmingbecausethewaterwastoocold.参考答案：didn’t3.用"toswim"或"swimming"填空。-Mybrothersatundertheumbrellaand______abook.参考答案：read4.用"on"或"at"填空。-Wewenttothebeach______earlyinthemorning.参考答案：at5.用"for"或"since"填空。-MybrotherhaslivedinShanghai______threeyears.参考答案：for6.用"because"或"so"填空。-Theweatherwassunny,______wedecidedtogoearlyinthemorning.参考答案：so7.用"what"或"how"填空。-Idon’tknow______timewewillgotothebeachnextweekend.参考答案：what8.用"the"或"a"填空。-MysisterandIplayedbeach______volleyballwithsomefriends.参考答案：a9.用"by"或"with"填空。-Myparentspackedsandwiches______mysisterandme.参考答案：with七、论述题（总共11题，每题2分，共22分）1.论述第8单元中一般过去时和现在完成时的区别，并举例说明。参考答案：一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，且与现在无关；现在完成时用于描述过去发生的动作对现在的影响或结果。例如："Hewenttothelibraryyesterday"（一般过去时）vs"Hehasfinishedhishomework"（现在完成时）。2.论述第8单元中冠词"the"和"a/an"的用法区别，并举例说明。参考答案："the"用于特指，如"Thebookonthetable"；"a/an"用于泛指，如"Iboughtanapple"。3.论述第8单元中非谓语动词（不定式、动名词、分词）的用法，并举例说明。参考答案：不定式表目的、结果等，如"toswim"；动名词表主语、宾语等，如"swimming"；分词表伴随、修饰等，如"dancing"。4.论述第8单元中形容词和副词的用法区别，并举例说明。参考答案：形容词修饰名词，如"boringbook"；副词修饰动词、形容词等，如"speaksEnglishwell"。5.论述第8单元中代词"it"、"they"、"he"的指代对象，并举例说明。参考答案："it"指代事物，如"thebook"；"they"指代复数，如"myparents"；"he"指代男性单数，如"mybrother"。6.论述第8单元中连词"and"、"but"、"so"的用法，并举例说明。参考答案："and"连接并列成分，如"sheissmartandhardworking"；"but"表示转折，如"Iwanttogo,butIcan’t"；"so"表示结果，如"Istudied,soIpassed"。7.论述第8单元中名词性从句的功能和引导词，并举例说明。参考答案：功能包括主语、宾语、表语等，如"Whathesaidistrue"；引导词包括"what"、"how"、"that"、"if"等。8.论述第8单元中被动语态的构成和用法，并举例说明。参考答案：构成为"be+过去分词"，如"thebookwaswritten"；用法包括强调动作承受者，如"thehomeworkwasfinished"。9.论述第8单元中一般现在时和一般过去时的区别，并举例说明。参考答案：一般现在时用于描述习惯性动作或事实，如"Shestudieshard"；一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作，如"Shestudiedhardyesterday"。10.论述第8单元中情态动词"can"、"may"、"must"的用法，并举例说明。参考答案："can"表能力，如"Icanswim"；"may"表可能性，如"Itmayrain"；"must"表必须，如"Youmuststudyhard"。11.论述第8单元中介词"at"、"on"、"in"的用法区别，并举例说明。参考答案："at"表具体时间点，如"at8o’clock"；"on"表具体时间，如"onSunday"；"in"表时间段，如"inthemorning"。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D2.B3.B4.C5.D6.C7.A8.A9.A10.A二、填空题1.togo/nottoswim2.todrive3.todo4.for5.toget6.going7.which8.at9.until10.to三、判断题1.×2.√3.×4.√5.×6.×7.√8.×9.×10.√四、简答题1.一般过去时描述过去发生且与现在无关的动作，如"went"；现在完成时描述过去发生且对现在有影响的动作，如"hasfinished"。2."the"用于特指，如"Thebook"；"a/an"用于泛指，如"anapple"。3.不定式表目的，如"toswim"；动名词表主语，如"swimming"；分词表伴随，如"dancing"。4.形容词修饰名词，如"boringbook"；副词修饰动词，如"speakswell"。5."it"指代事物，如"thebook"；"they"指代复数，如"myparents"；"he"指代男性单数，如"mybrother"。6."and"连接并列成分，如"andhardworki