2026年陕西省人教版初中英语第12单元语法练习题

2026年陕西省人教版初中英语第12单元语法练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第12单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.TheteachertoldusthatthestudentswillgotothemuseumnextSunday.解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"when"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，但"started"时态错误；选项D正确，"willgo"表示将来时，符合语法规则。2.选择第12单元中关于情态动词can和may用法的正确表述。A.Youcanplaythepianoverywell,butyoumaynotjointhecompetitionnextmonth.B.Shemaygotothepartyifshecanfinishherreportontime.C.Wemustleavenowbecausewecan’tcatchthetraintomorrow.D.Hemaybelatebecausehecan’tdrivefasttoday.解析：选项A中"maynot"与"can"搭配不当，情态动词否定形式需统一；选项B正确，"may"表示可能性，"if"引导条件状语从句时，主句用一般现在时；选项C中"must"表示强制性，"can’t"与"must"矛盾；选项D中"maybelate"与"can’tdrivefast"逻辑不连贯。3.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichisbelongtomysister.B.Iboughtanappleandanorangeyesterday,butIeatonlyoneofthem.C.ShegoestoschoolbybuseverydayexceptSunday.D.Thestudentsareinterestedinmusic,becausetheylistentotheradiooften.解析：选项A中"whichisbelong"缺少冠词，应为"abookwhichbelongs"；选项B正确，"anapple"和"anorange"前均需不定冠词；选项C中"exceptSunday"前无需冠词；选项D中"music"作为不可数名词前无需冠词。4.选择第12单元中关于一般现在时和现在进行时的正确用法。A.Look!Thechildrenisplayinginthegardennow.B.MyfatherusuallywatchTVintheevening,buttonightheisreadingabook.C.Sheisnotgotothemarketbecausesheistired.D.TheyhavebeenstudyEnglishforthreeyears,sotheyareverygoodatit.解析：选项A中"children"为复数，谓语应为"isplaying"；选项B正确，"usuallywatch"表示习惯性动作，"isreading"表示当前进行动作；选项C中"notgo"应为"notgoing"；选项D中"havebeenstudy"应为"havebeenstudying"（现在完成进行时）。5.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Iaminterestedinplaytheguitar,butIdon’thaveenoughtimetopracticeit.B.Shesuggestedthatweshouldgotothecinemalastnight.C.Thebookwhichhewroteisverypopularamongstudents.D.Havingfinishedhishomework,thestudentwenttobedearly.解析：选项A中"play"应为"playing"（不定式作宾语补足语）；选项B中"suggestedthat"后从句需用虚拟语气，应为"shouldgo"；选项C中"whichhewrote"缺少冠词，应为"abookwhichhewrote"；选项D正确，"Havingfinished"作状语，表示时间先后。6.选择第12单元中关于宾语从句引导词和时态的正确用法。A.MymotheraskedmewhereIwasgototheweekend.B.Hesaidthathehadseenthatmovielastyear.C.TheteachertoldusthattheEarthisround.D.Shedoesn’tknowifitwillraintomorrow,butshewilltakeanumbrella.解析：选项A中"whereIwasgo"缺少动词，应为"whereIwasgoing"；选项B正确，"that"引导宾语从句，时态与主句一致；选项C中"that"引导宾语从句时，从句用陈述句语序；选项D中"if"引导宾语从句时，从句用一般现在时。7.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationtwohoursago,butthetrainhadalreadyleftforBeijing.B.Thestudentsarewaitingfortheirteacherintheclassroomsince8:00AM.C.Heisinterestedinthebookwhichisaboutspaceexploration.D.Theywenttothepartylastnight,sotheycamebackhomeat11PM.解析：选项A正确，"arriveat"用于地点，"leavefor"表示方向；选项B中"since"后需用一般过去时；选项C中"aboutspaceexploration"前无需介词；选项D中"at11PM"应为"at11o’clockatnight"。8.选择第12单元中关于被动语态的正确用法。A.Myhousewasbrokenintolastnight,butnothingwasstolen.B.Thebookwaswrittenbyafamousauthorlastyear,anditisverypopularnow.C.Shewasaskedtogiveaspeechatthemeetingyesterday.D.Thestudentsweremadetocleantheclassroombytheteacher.解析：选项A正确，"wasbrokeninto"表示被动；选项B中"waswritten"时态正确；选项C正确，"wasasked"表示被动；选项D中"weremadetoclean"结构正确，但"bytheteacher"多余（被动语态无需宾语）。9.根据第12单元语法，选择下列句子中定语从句使用正确的一项。A.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.B.Iboughtabookwhichisveryinterestingyesterday.C.Themanthatlivesnextdoorisadoctor.D.Sheisthestudentwhosealwaysarriveslateforclass.解析：选项A正确，"who"引导定语从句，指人；选项B中"which"指物，但"bought"时态错误；选项C中"that"引导定语从句时，先行词需用"theman"或"thedoctor"；选项D中"whose"后需用一般现在时，应为"whoalwaysarrives"。10.选择第12单元中关于虚拟语气的正确用法。A.IfIwereyou,Iwouldgotothepartylastnight.B.Shesuggestedthatheshouldstudyharderthisweek.C.IfIhadknownyouwerecoming,Iwouldhavepreparedameal.D.Hewouldhavepassedtheexamifhehadstudiedmore.解析：选项A正确，"were"表示与现在事实相反的假设；选项B中"suggestedthat"后需用"should+动词原形"的虚拟语气；选项C正确，"hadknown"表示与过去事实相反的假设；选项D正确，"wouldhavepassed"表示与过去事实相反的假设。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mybrother______(go)tothegymeverymorning,buthe______(notgo)todaybecausehe______(feel)sick.2.Theteacheraskedus______(open)ourbooksand______(look)atthepictureonpage78.3.Ifyou______(study)harder,you______(pass)theexamnextmonth.4.Thewoman______(wear)areddressismyEnglishteacher.5.Idon’tknowtheanswer,butIthinkTom______(know)it.6.They______(notfinish)theirhomeworkyet,sothey______(have)tostayatschool.7.Thisisthemostinterestingbook______(Ihaveeverread).8.Sheisthestudent______(alwaysarrives)lateforclass.9.IfI______(be)you,I______(notgo)tothepartybecauseI______(have)toomuchhomework.10.Theboy______(play)basketballintheparkismyneighbor.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthesentence"Shecanplaythepianowell,""can"isamodalverbthatexpressesability.(正确)2.Thepastcontinuoustenseisusedtodescribeanactioninprogressataspecifictimeinthepast.(正确)3.Inthesentence"Thebookisonthetable,""is"isalinkingverb.(正确)4.Theindefinitearticle"a"isusedbeforesingularcountablenounsthataregeneral.(正确)5.Thepresentperfecttenseisusedtodescribeanactionthatstartedinthepastandcontinuestothepresent.(正确)6.Inthesentence"Heisreadingabook,""isreading"isapassivevoiceform.(错误，主动语态)7.Therelativepronoun"which"canbeusedtorefertopeopleaswellasthings.(错误，"which"仅指物)8.Thesubjunctivemoodisusedinsuggestions,requests,andhypotheticalsituations.(正确)9.Inthesentence"Themanwholivesnextdoorisadoctor,""who"isarelativepronoun.(正确)10.Thepassivevoiceisusedwhenthesubjectofthesentenceperformstheaction.(错误，被动语态时主语不执行动作)四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.简述第12单元中一般现在时和现在进行时的区别。参考答案：一般现在时用于描述经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实；现在进行时用于描述正在进行的动作或临时性动作。例如："Heplaysbasketballeveryday"（一般现在时）vs"Heisplayingbasketballnow"（现在进行时）。2.解释第12单元中情态动词can和may的用法区别。参考答案：can表示能力或允许，may表示可能性或请求许可。例如："Youcanswim"（能力）vs"Youmayleavenow"（请求许可）。3.说明第12单元中定语从句的用法和引导词选择。参考答案：定语从句修饰名词或代词，引导词有who/whom（指人）、which（指物）、that（指物或人）、whose（所有格）。例如："Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedress"（指人）。4.分析第12单元中被动语态的构成和用法。参考答案：被动语态由"be动词+过去分词"构成，用于强调动作的承受者。例如："Thebookwaswrittenbyhim"（强调书被写）。5.阐述第12单元中宾语从句的引导词和时态要求。参考答案：引导词有that（无时态限制）、if/whether（一般现在时）、wh-类词（从句时态与主句一致）。例如："Hesaidthathewouldcome"（that引导，时态与主句一致）。6.解释第12单元中虚拟语气的用法场景。参考答案：用于假设、建议、请求等，常见结构有"if+一般过去时/should+动词原形"（与现在事实相反）、"if+had+过去分词/shouldhave+动词原形"（与过去事实相反）。例如："IfIwereyou"（与现在事实相反）。7.说明第12单元中冠词的用法规则。参考答案：不定冠词a/an用于泛指，定冠词the用于特指；不可数名词前通常不用冠词。例如："Iboughtanapple"（泛指）vs"Theappleisonthetable"（特指）。8.分析第12单元中介词的常见用法。参考答案：表示时间（in/on/at）、地点（at/on/in）、方式（by/with）、原因（becauseof）等。例如："at8o’clock"（时间）vs"intheclassroom"（地点）。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.阅读以下短文，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Lastnight,myfamily______(watch)amovieathome.Suddenly,thepower______(go)out,sowe______(notbeable)toseeanything.I______(suggest)thatwe______(turn)ontheflashlight,butmybrother______(notwant)to.Finally,mydad______(find)acandleandwe______(light)it.Themoviewasstillfunny,butit______(be)verydark.参考答案：watched,went,couldn’tbe,suggested,turn,didn’twant,found,lit,was.2.用所给单词的适当形式填空，完成句子。-Sheisthestudent______(1)alwaysarriveslateforclass.(who)-IfI______(2)you,I______(3)gotothepartybecauseI______(4)havetoomuchhomework.(were,wouldn’t,don’t)-Theboy______(5)isplayingbasketballintheparkismyneighbor.(who)-Mysistercan’tplaythepiano,butshe______(6)learnitnextmonth.(will)-Thebook______(7)Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(which)-They______(8)notfinishtheirhomeworkyet,sothey______(9)havetostayatschool.(have,will)-Theman______(10)livesnextdoorisadoctor.(who)参考答案：1.who2.were3.wouldn’t4.don’t5.who6.will7.which8.haven’t9.will10.who.3.将以下句子改为一般疑问句和特殊疑问句。-一般疑问句：Shegoestoschoolbybuseveryday.参考答案：Doesshegotoschoolbybuseveryday?-特殊疑问句：Howdoesshegotoschooleveryday?4.将以下句子改为被动语态。-Theteachergaveusanewassignmentyesterday.参考答案：Anewassignmentwasgiventousyesterday.5.用所给动词的适当形式填空，完成句子。-Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(go)tothepicnic.(doesn’t,will)-Thebook______(write)byafamousauthorisverypopular.(written)-Sheisthestudent______(alwaysarrives)lateforclass.(who)参考答案：1.doesn’t,will2.written3.who.6.阅读以下短文，用所给单词的适当形式填空。Lastweekend,myfriendsandI______(1)tothezoo.We______(2)manyinterestinganimals,suchaslions,elephants,andmonkeys.Myfavoriteanimalwasthemonkeybecauseit______(3)veryfunny.We______(4)totakephotos,butthezoo______(5)toocrowded.We______(6)homeat5PMbecausewe______(7)tired.参考答案：1.went2.saw3.was4.tried5.was6.went7.were.7.将以下句子改为否定句和感叹句。-否定句：Hecanplaythepianowell.参考答案：Hecan’tplaythepianowell.-感叹句：Sheisverykind.参考答案：Whatakindsheis!8.用所给动词的适当形式填空，完成句子。-IfI______(be)you,I______(notgo)tothepartybecauseI______(have)toomuchhomework.(were,wouldn’t,don’t)-Theboy______(play)basketballintheparkismyneighbor.(