2025年12月四级真题及答案

2025年12月四级真题及答案PartIWriting(30minutes)Directions:Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayontheimportanceofcollegestudents'participationincommunityvolunteerservices.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsandnomorethan180words,followingtheoutlinegivenbelow:1.Anincreasingnumberofcollegestudentstakepartincommunityvolunteerservicesintheirsparetime2.Thesignificanceofsuchactivitiesforindividualgrowthandsocialdevelopment3.Yoursuggestionsforcollegestudentstoparticipateinsuchactivities【参考范文】Inrecentyears,agrowingnumberofcollegestudentshavechosentodevotetheirsparetimetocommunityvolunteerservices,rangingfromcaringforempty-nestelderlytotutoringleft-behindchildren,andfrompromotinggarbageclassificationtoorganizingcommunityculturalactivities.Thistrendbringsmultiplebenefitsforbothindividualsandthesociety.Forcollegestudents,volunteerpracticesofferthemapreciousopportunitytoapplyprofessionalknowledgetorealscenarios,cultivatetheirsenseofsocialresponsibility,andimprovetheircommunicationandproblem-solvingskills.Forthesociety,theparticipationofyoungcollegestudentsinjectsvitalityintocommunitygovernance,fillsthegapofgrassrootsservicesupply,andhelpsbuildamoreinclusiveandharmonioussocialatmosphere.Frommyperspective,collegestudentsshouldselectvolunteerprojectsthatmatchtheirprofessionalstrengthsandpersonalintereststomaximizethevalueoftheirservices.Meanwhile,communitiesshouldalsoestablishasoundfeedbackandincentivemechanismtoprotecttheenthusiasmofyoungvolunteers.【评分标准说明】本题满分106.5分，按五个档次评分：1.14分档（99-106.5分）：切题，思想清晰，语言流畅，用词准确，基本无语法错误，符合字数要求；2.11分档（78-98分）：切题，思想清晰，语言较流畅，有少量语法错误，符合字数要求；3.8分档（57-77分）：基本切题，思想表达较清楚，语言连贯性尚可，有较多语法错误，字数基本达标；4.5分档（36-56分）：偏离题意，思想表达混乱，语言错误多，字数不足；5.2分档（0-35分）：严重偏离题意，语言支离破碎，大部分语句存在错误，字数严重不足。PartIIListeningComprehension(25minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreenewsreports.Attheendofeachnewsreport,youwillheartwoorthreequestions.Boththenewsreportandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.NewsReportOneAprivateChineseaerospacecompanysuccessfullylaunchedareusablecarrierrocketfromtheWenchangSpaceLaunchSiteat8:17a.m.onNovember22,2025,markingamajorbreakthroughinthecountry'scommercialaerospacesector.Therocket,codenamed"Feitian-3",carriedthreecommercialsatellitesintothescheduledlow-Earthorbit.Aftercompletingthedeliverymission,thefirststageoftherocketreturnedtothedesignatedlandingareaintheSouthChinaSea,achievingaverticalrecoveryaccuracyofwithin1.2meters.Thecompany'schiefengineersaidthatthereusabletechnologycanreducethelaunchcostbymorethan70%comparedwithdisposablerockets,andthe"Feitian-3"isexpectedtobeputintocommercialoperationinthesecondquarterof2026,withanannuallaunchcapacityofupto50times.Questions1and2arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.1.Whatisthemajorachievementmentionedinthenewsreport?A)Aprivatefirmsuccessfullylaunchedareusablecarrierrocket.B)Chinasentthreenewmeteorologicalsatellitesintoorbit.C)TheWenchangSpaceLaunchSitecompletedits100thmission.D)Anewtypeofdisposablerocketcutlaunchcostby70%.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe"Feitian-3"rocket?A)Itwillbemainlyusedforscientificresearchmissions.B)Itsfirststagelandedintheinlandrecoveryareaaccurately.C)Itisexpectedtostartcommercialoperationin2026.D)Itsannuallaunchcapacitywillreach100timeswhenputintouse.【答案】1.A2.C【解析】第1题：考点为新闻主旨。新闻开篇第一句明确提到“中国一家民营航天企业2025年11月22日在文昌发射场成功发射一枚可重复使用运载火箭，是中国商业航天领域的重大突破”，对应A选项。B选项“气象卫星”未提及，C选项“第100次任务”无中生有，D选项“一次性火箭”与原文“可重复使用火箭降低成本”相悖。第2题：考点为细节信息匹配。原文提到“飞天3号预计2026年第二季度投入商业运营”，对应C选项。A选项“主要用于科研”未提及，B选项“内陆着陆区”与原文“南海指定着陆区”不符，D选项“年发射能力100次”与原文“最高50次”相悖。NewsReportTwoArecentsurveyreleasedbytheChinaBiodiversityConservationandGreenDevelopmentFoundationshowsthaturbanparkshavebecomeimportanthabitatsforwildspeciesinfirst-tiercities.Thesurveycovered120urbanparksin10citiesincludingBeijing,ShanghaiandGuangzhou,andrecordedatotalof427speciesofwildanimalsandplants,including17speciesundernationalsecond-classprotection,suchastheChinesehwameiandthelessercoucal.Theresearchteamfoundthatparkswithnativevegetationcoverageofmorethan80%andreservednaturalwaterareashave3timesmorespeciesthanordinaryparks.Thefoundationhasproposedthaturbanparkconstructionshouldreserveatleast15%oftheareaas"wildcorridors"forwildanimals,tofurtherimprovetheurbanbiodiversitylevel.Questions3and4arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.3.Whatdoestherecentsurveyfindabouturbanparksinfirst-tiercities?A)Theyhavelostmostoftheirnativevegetation.B)Theyhavebecomeimportanthabitatsforwildspecies.C)Theyarefacingseriousinvasionofalienspecies.D)Theyhaveattractedmorethan80%ofurbanresidents.4.Whatsuggestiondidthefoundationputforwardforurbanparkconstruction?A)Buildmoreartificiallandscapestoattracttourists.B)Increasethenumberofnationalsecond-classprotectedspecies.C)Reserve15%oftheareaaswildcorridorsforwildanimals.D)Reducethecoverageofnativevegetationappropriately.【答案】3.B4.C【解析】第3题：考点为细节定位。新闻开篇提到调查显示一线城市的城市公园已经成为野生物种的重要栖息地，对应B选项。A选项“失去大部分本土植被”与原文相悖，C选项“外来物种入侵”未提及，D选项“吸引80%城市居民”无中生有。第4题：考点为建议类信息。原文提到基金会建议城市公园建设至少预留15%的区域作为野生动物的“野生廊道”，对应C选项。A选项“建更多人工景观”未提及，B选项“增加二级保护物种数量”属于偷换概念，D选项“减少本土植被覆盖”与原文建议相悖。NewsReportThreeAspartofthenationalelderlycareserviceimprovementproject,morethan12,000communitycanteensfortheelderlyhavebeenputintooperationacrossChinabytheendofOctober2025,accordingtotheMinistryofCivilAffairs.Thesecanteensofferaffordablemealsforelderlyresidentsover60yearsold,withanaveragepriceof8to12yuanpersetmeal,andprovidefreedeliveryservicesforempty-nestelderlyanddisabledelderlylivingalone.Asurveyof5,000elderlyresidentsin20provincesshowedthat92%oftherespondentsweresatisfiedwiththeserviceofthecommunityelderlycanteens.TheMinistryofCivilAffairssaidthatitwillfurtherexpandthecoverageofelderlycanteenstoallurbancommunitiesand80%ofadministrativevillagesbytheendof2027.Questions5to7arebasedonthenewsreportyouhavejustheard.5.HowmanycommunityelderlycanteenshavebeenputintooperationacrossChinabytheendofOctober2025?A)Morethan8,000B)Morethan12,000C)Morethan15,000D)Morethan20,0006.Whatservicedotheelderlycanteensprovideforempty-nestelderlyanddisabledelderlylivingalone?A)FreemedicalconsultationB)FreemealdeliveryC)DiscountednursingservicesD)Freedailynecessitiessupply7.WhatisthegoaloftheMinistryofCivilAffairsforthecoverageofelderlycanteensbytheendof2027?A)Coverallurbancommunitiesand80%ofadministrativevillagesB)CoverallurbanandruralcommunitiesnationwideC)Cover80%ofurbancommunitiesandalladministrativevillagesD)Cover90%ofurbancommunitiesand70%ofadministrativevillages【答案】5.B6.B7.A【解析】第5题：考点为数字信息。原文明确提到“截至2025年10月底，全国已有超过1.2万个社区老年食堂投入运营”，对应B选项。第6题：考点为细节匹配。原文提到老年食堂为空巢老人和独居失能老人提供免费送餐服务，对应B选项。A选项“免费义诊”、C选项“折扣护理服务”、D选项“免费日用品供应”均未提及。第7题：考点为目标类信息。原文提到民政部的目标是到2027年底，老年食堂覆盖所有城市社区和80%的行政村，对应A选项。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youwillheartwolongconversations.Attheendofeachconversation,youwillhearfourquestions.Boththeconversationandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.ConversationOneW:Hi,Mark!Iheardyouwerelookingforaninternshipduringthewintervacation.Haveyoufoundasuitableone?M:Notyet.Ihavereceivedtwooffers,butI'mstillhesitatingwhichonetochoose.Oneisfromawell-knownInternetcompany,offeringanunpaidpositioninthemarketingdepartment,andtheotherisfromasmalllocaladvertisingcompany,offeringapaidpositionasacopywriter.W:Wow,bothsoundgood.What'syourmajor?M:MymajorisChineselanguageandliterature,andIwanttoengageincontentcreationrelatedworkinthefuture.TheInternetcompany'spositionismainlyresponsiblefortheoperationoftheofficialsocialmediaaccount,andIcanlearntheoperationlogicoflargeplatforms.Buttheproblemisthatthereisnosalary,andIhavetopayfortherentandmealsinthecitywherethecompanyislocated,whichisabigburdenforme.W:Whatabouttheadvertisingcompany'sposition?M:Theadvertisingcompanyoffersamonthlysalaryof3,500yuan,andalsoprovidesaccommodationsubsidies.Thedailyworkistowritecopyforlocalsmallandmedium-sizedenterprises.Butthecompanyissmall,andtherearefewlargeprojectsthatIcanparticipatein.W:Ithinkyoushouldconsideryourlong-termcareerdevelopmentfirst.IftheexperienceoftheInternetcompanycanhelpyougetabetterfull-timejobaftergraduation,theshort-termeconomicsacrificeisworthit.Butifyouneedtoearnlivingexpensestoreducetheburdenonyourfamily,thepaidpositionisalsoagoodchoice.M:Youareright.IalsoprefertheInternetcompany'sposition.Icansavemylivingexpensesthissemestertocoverthecostoftheinternship.Ibelievethisexperiencewillbeveryhelpfulformyfuturejobhunting.Questions8to11arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.8.Whatistheman'smajor?A)MarketingB)AdvertisingC)ChineselanguageandliteratureD)Mediaoperation9.WhatisthemainresponsibilityoftheInternetcompany'sinternshipposition?A)Writingcopyforsmallandmedium-sizedenterprisesB)OperatingtheofficialsocialmediaaccountC)Planninglarge-scalemarketingprojectsD)Managingthecompany'scustomerresources10.Whatisthedisadvantageoftheadvertisingcompany'spositionaccordingtotheman?A)NosalaryB)NoaccommodationsubsidyC)FewlargeprojectstoparticipateinD)Longworkinghours11.Whatdecisionwillthemanmostprobablymake?A)ChoosetheInternetcompany'sinternshippositionB)Choosetheadvertisingcompany'sinternshippositionC)RejectbothoffersandcontinuetolookforotherpositionsD)AsktheInternetcompanytoraisetheinternshipsalary【答案】8.C9.B10.C11.A【解析】第8题：考点为细节匹配。男士明确提到自己的专业是汉语言文学，对应C选项。第9题：考点为职责类信息。男士提到互联网公司的岗位主要负责官方社交媒体账号的运营，对应B选项。A选项是广告公司的工作内容，C、D选项未提及。第10题：考点为劣势类信息。男士提到广告公司规模小，能参与的大型项目很少，对应C选项。A、B选项是互联网公司岗位的劣势，D选项未提及。第11题：考点为推理判断。男士最后表示自己更倾向于互联网公司的岗位，会攒这学期的生活费来覆盖实习开支，对应A选项。ConversationTwoM:Hi,Lisa!Inoticedthatyouhavebeenridinganelectricbiketoworkrecently.Didn'tyoudrivetoworkbefore?W:Yes,Isoldmycarthreemonthsago.NowImainlyrideelectricbikesortakepublictransporttowork.Idecidedtochooselow-carbontraveltoreducemycarbonfootprint.M:That'sreallyenvironmentallyfriendly.Butisitconvenienttorideanelectricbikeinbadweather?W:It'sokay.Ifitrainsorsnows,Icantakethesubwayorbus.Thecity'spublictransportsystemisverywelldevelopednow,andthesubwaycanreachalmostallthemainbusinessdistricts.Besides,therearesharedbikesnearthesubwaystationforthelastmiletrip.M:Ialsowanttotrylow-carbontravel,butIneedtopickupmychildfromprimaryschooleveryday,andtheschoolisfarfromthesubwaystation.W:Youcanbuyanewenergyvehicle.Thegovernmentnowgivesapurchasesubsidyofupto10,000yuanfornewenergyvehicles,andtheparkingfeeinpublicparkinglotsishalvedfornewenergyvehicles.Thecostofusingnewenergyvehiclesisonlyonefifthofthatoffuelvehicles.M:Thatsoundsattractive.ButI'mworriedaboutthedifficultyofcharging.W:Thecityhasbuiltmorethan200,000publicchargingpilesbytheendofthisyear,andalmostallnewresidentialcommunitieshavereservedchargingpilesintheparkinglot.Thechargingproblemhasbeenbasicallysolved.M:Great!Iwillgotothenewenergyvehicleexhibitionthisweekendtolearnaboutrelevantmodels.Questions12to15arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustheard.12.Whydidthewomansellhercarthreemonthsago?A)ToreducelivingexpensesB)ToavoidtrafficjamsC)Tochooselow-carbontravelD)Toexerciseherbody13.Whatdoesthewomandowhentheweatherisbad?A)ShetakesataxitoworkB)SheworksfromhomeC)ShetakespublictransportD)Sheborrowsacarfromherfriend14.Whatisthegovernment'spreferentialpolicyfornewenergyvehicles?A)FreeparkinginallpublicparkinglotsB)Purchasesubsidyofupto10,000yuanC)ExemptionfromvehicleandvesseltaxforlifeD)Freeaccesstobuslanes15.Whatistheman'smainworryaboutnewenergyvehiclesatfirst?A)HighpurchasecostB)ShortbatterylifeC)DifficultyinchargingD)Lowsafetyperformance【答案】12.C13.C14.B15.C【解析】第12题：考点为原因类信息。女士明确提到卖车是为了选择低碳出行，减少碳足迹，对应C选项。第13题：考点为细节匹配。女士提到如果下雨下雪，她会乘坐地铁或公交，对应C选项。第14题：考点为政策类信息。女士提到政府对新能源汽车提供最高1万元的购车补贴，公共停车场停车费减半，对应B选项。A选项“免费停车”与原文“减半”不符，C、D选项未提及。第15题：考点为担忧类信息。男士提到自己担心充电难的问题，对应C选项。SectionCDirections:Inthissection,youwillhearthreepassages.Attheendofeachpassage,youwillhearthreeorfourquestions.Boththepassageandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaquestion,youmustchoosethebestanswerfromthefourchoicesmarkedA),B),C)andD).ThenmarkthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet1withasinglelinethroughthecentre.PassageOneProcrastinationisacommonproblemamongcollegestudents,withmorethan70%ofcollegestudentsadmittingthattheyhaveseriousprocrastinationbehaviorinacademictasks,accordingtoa2025surveyof10,000collegestudentsnationwide.PsychologyprofessorLiMingfromPekingUniversityhasconducteda6-monthinterventionstudyonprocrastination,andfoundthatthe"5-minutestartmethod"hasasignificanteffectonreducingprocrastinationbehavior.Thecoreofthemethodistoforceyourselftospendonly5minutesonthetaskyouwanttoavoidwhenyouhavetheideaofprocrastinating.Forexample,ifyoudon'twanttowriteapaper,youcanforceyourselftowriteonlythefirstsentenceofthepaperfirst.Mostpeoplewillcontinuetofinishthetaskafter5minutes,becausethepsychologicalresistancetothetaskwillbegreatlyreducedafterstarting.ProfessorLialsofoundthatstudentswhosplitlargetasksintomultiplesmalltaskswithcleardeadlinesreducedtheirprocrastinationbehaviorby62%comparedwiththecontrolgroup.Hesuggestedthatcollegestudentsshouldavoidsettingtooambitiousgoals,andcreateadistraction-freeworkingenvironmentbyturningoffsocialmedianotificationswhencompletingtasks.Questions16to18arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.16.Whatpercentageofcollegestudentshaveseriousacademicprocrastinationbehavioraccordingtothe2025survey?A)Morethan50%B)Morethan60%C)Morethan70%D)Morethan80%17.Whatisthecoreofthe"5-minutestartmethod"?A)Takea5-minutebreakeveryhalfanhourwhendoingtasksB)Forceyourselftospend5minutesonthetaskyouwanttoavoidfirstC)Finishallsmalltaskswithin5minutesfirstD)Seta5-minutetimerforeachsmalltask18.Whatmethodcanreduceprocrastinationby62%comparedwiththecontrolgroup?A)TurningoffsocialmedianotificationswhenworkingB)Settingambitiouslong-termgoalsC)SplittinglargetasksintosmalltaskswithcleardeadlinesD)Askingclassmatestosupervisetheirtaskprogress【答案】16.C17.B18.C【解析】第16题：考点为数字信息。原文提到2025年的调查显示超过70%的大学生存在严重的学业拖延行为，对应C选项。第17题：考点为概念核心。原文提到“5分钟启动法”的核心是当你有拖延的想法时，强迫自己先花5分钟做你想逃避的任务，对应B选项。第18题：考点为研究结果。原文提到将大任务拆分为多个有明确截止日期的小任务的学生，拖延行为比对照组减少62%，对应C选项。PassageTwoWiththedevelopmentofartificialintelligencetechnology,AIteachingaidshavebeenwidelyusedinprimaryandsecondaryschoolsinChinainrecentyears.Bytheendof2025,morethan60%ofprimaryandsecondaryschoolsacrossthecountryhaveintroducedAIintelligenttutoringsystems.Unliketraditionalteachingmethods,AItutoringsystemscananalyzethelearningsituationofeachstudentthroughbigdata,providepersonalizedlearningplansandtargetedexercisesforstudents,andhelpstudentsmakeupfortheirknowledgegapsintime.A3-yearfollow-upstudybytheMinistryofEducationshowedthatstudentsusingAItutoringsystemsimprovedtheiracademicperformancebyanaverageof18%comparedwithstudentswhodidnotusethesystem,andthelearningefficiencyincreasedbymorethan30%.However,someeducationexpertsalsopointedoutthatover-relianceonAIteachingaidsmayleadtothedeclineofstudents'independentthinkingabilityandinterpersonalcommunicationability.TheysuggestedthatschoolsshouldreasonablycontroltheusetimeofAIteachingaids,andgivefullplaytotheleadingroleofteachersinemotionalguidanceandvalueshaping.Questions19to21arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.19.WhatpercentageofprimaryandsecondaryschoolshaveintroducedAIintelligenttutoringsystemsbytheendof2025?A)Morethan40%B)Morethan50%C)Morethan60%D)Morethan70%20.WhatadvantageofAItutoringsystemsismentionedinthepassage?A)TheycanreplaceteacherstogivelessonscompletelyB)TheycanprovidepersonalizedlearningplansforeachstudentC)TheycanhelpstudentsimprovetheirinterpersonalcommunicationskillsD)Theycanreducetheburdenonteachersby50%21.Whatproblemmaybecausedbyover-relianceonAIteachingaidsaccordingtoexperts?A)Theincreaseofstudents'learningburdenB)TheunfairnessofeducationalresourcesC)Thedeclineofstudents'independentthinkingabilityD)Theriseofschooleducationcosts【答案】19.C20.B21.C【解析】第19题：考点为数字信息。原文提到截至2025年底，全国超过60%的中小学引入了AI智能辅导系统，对应C选项。第20题：考点为优势类信息。原文提到AI辅导系统可以通过大数据分析每个学生的学习情况，提供个性化的学习计划和针对性练习，对应B选项。A选项“完全替代教师”未提及，C选项是AI的劣势，D选项“减少教师负担50%”无中生有。第21题：考点为问题类信息。专家提到过度依赖AI教具可能导致学生独立思考能力和人际交往能力下降，对应C选项。PassageThreeMortiseandtenonstructure,atraditionalChinesewoodworkingcraftwithahistoryofmorethan7,000years,hasbeenwidelyusedincontemporaryarchitecturaldesigninrecentyears.Thestructuredoesnotneedanynailsoradhesives,andconnectsdifferentcomponentsthroughtheconcave-convexfitofwood,whichhasstrongstabilityandseismicperformance.In2024,a120-meter-highofficebuildingusingmortiseandtenonstructurewascompletedinHangzhou,becomingthetallestmortiseandtenonstructurebuildingintheworld.Thebuildingusesmorethan30,000prefabricatedwoodcomponents,allofwhichareconnectedbymortiseandtenontechnology,reducingtheuseofconcreteby70%comparedwithtraditionalhigh-risebuildings,andthecarbonemissionduringconstructionisreducedby80%.ArchitectssaidthatmortiseandtenonstructurenotonlyinheritsthetraditionalChinesecraftculture,butalsomeetstherequirementsofgreenandlow-carbonconstructionincontemporarytimes.Inadditiontoarchitecturaldesign,mortiseandtenontechnologyisalsowidelyusedinfurnituremanufacturing,culturalandcreativeproductdesignandotherfields,showingstrongvitality.Questions22to25arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustheard.22.Howlongisthehistoryofmortiseandtenonstructure?A)Morethan3,000yearsB)Morethan5,000yearsC)Morethan7,000yearsD)Morethan10,000years23.Whatisthefeatureofmortiseandtenonstructure?A)ItusesalotofnailsandadhesivestoimprovestabilityB)Itconnectscomponentsthroughtheconcave-convexfitofwoodC)IthaspoorseismicperformancecomparedwithconcretestructuresD)Itisonlysuitableforlow-risebuildings24.Whatcanwelearnaboutthe120-meter-highofficebuildinginHangzhou?A)ItisthefirstmortiseandtenonstructurebuildinginChinaB)Itusesmorethan50,000prefabricatedwoodcomponentsC)Itreducescarbonemissionduringconstructionby80%D)Itconsumes70%moreconcretethantraditionalbuildings25.Whichofthefollowingfieldsismortiseandtenontechnologyalsoappliedto?A)AutomobilemanufacturingB)FurnituremanufacturingC)AerospaceengineeringD)Medicalequipmentproduction【答案】22.C23.B24.C25.B【解析】第22题：考点为数字信息。原文提到榫卯结构是有7000多年历史的中国传统木工工艺，对应C选项。第23题：考点为特征类信息。原文提到榫卯结构不需要钉子和粘合剂，通过木材的凹凸咬合连接不同构件，稳定性和抗震性强，对应B选项。第24题：考点为细节匹配。原文提到杭州的120米高办公楼施工过程中的碳排放减少了80%，对应C选项。A选项“中国第一座榫卯建筑”错误，B选项“5万个构件”与原文“3万个”不符，D选项“多消耗70%混凝土”与原文“减少70%”相悖。第25题：考点为应用领域。原文提到除了建筑设计，榫卯技术还广泛应用于家具制造、文创产品设计等领域，对应B选项。PartIIIReadingComprehension(40minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,thereisapassagewithtenblanks.Youarerequiredtoselectonewordforeachblankfromalistofchoicesgiveninawordbankfollowingthepassage.Readthepassagethroughcarefullybeforemakingyourchoices.Eachchoiceinthebankisidentifiedbyaletter.PleasemarkthecorrespondingletterforeachitemonAnswerSheet2withasinglelinethroughthecentre.Youmaynotuseanyofthewordsinthebankmorethanonce.TheconstructionofspongecitieshasbecomeacoremeasureforChinatoaddressurbanwaterloggingandimproveurbanecologicalresilienceinrecentyears.Aspongecityreferstoanurbanconstructionmodelthatcan_26_absorb,storeandpurifyrainwaterlikeasponge,releasethestoredwaterforusewhenneeded,andeffectivelyreducethe_27_ofextremerainfallonurbanoperation.Bytheendof2025,80%ofthebuilt-upareasin60pilotcitiesacrossChinahavereachedthespongecityconstructionstandard.Thesecitieshavebuiltmorethan32,000kilometersofpermeableroads,18,000rainwatergardensand7,500ecologicaldetentionbasins.The_28_showthattheaveragewaterloggingtimeinthesepilotcitieshasbeenreducedby92%comparedwithbeforetheconstruction,andtherainwaterresourceutilizationratehas_29_reached23%.Comparedwiththetraditional"hard"urbanconstructionmodelthatusesalargenumberofimpermeableconcrete,thespongecityconstructionadopts"soft"ecologicalmeasures,whichcannotonlysolvethewaterloggingproblem,butalso_30_theurbanecologicalenvironment.Forexample,rainwatergardensplantedwithnativevegetationcanprovidehabitatsforurbanwildspecies,andthepurifiedrainwatercanbeusedforurbangreeningirrigation,roadcleaningandotherscenarios,_31_theconsumptionoftapwaterresources.However,thepromotionofspongecityconstructionstillfacessome_32_.Somesmallandmedium-sizedcitieslacksufficientconstructionfunds,andthelatermaintenanceandmanagementsystemisnotperfect.Expertssuggestthatthegovernmentshould_33_theparticipationofsocialcapitalinspongecityconstruction,establishalong-termmaintenancemechanism,and_34_formulatetargetedconstructionstandardsaccordingtotheclimaticcharacteristicsandrainfallrulesofdifferentregions,soasto_35_givefullplaytotheecologicalandeconomicbenefitsofspongecities.WordBank:A)effectivelyB)challengesC)impactD)encourageE)statisticsF)reduceG)graduallyH)improveI)randomlyJ)obstaclesK)dataL)flexiblyM)riseN)negativeO)fully【答案】26.A27.C28.E29.G30.H31.F32.B33.D34.L35.O【解析】26.空格前为情态动词can，后为动词absorb，需填副词修饰动词。语义为“海绵城市指的是可以像海绵一样有效吸收、储存、净化雨水的城市建设模式”，A选项effectively（有效地）符合语义。27.空格前为定冠词the，后为介词of，需填名词。语义为“有效减少极端降雨对城市运行的影响”，C选项impact（影响）符合语义。28.空格前为定冠词the，后为动词show，需填名词作主语。后文提到的是试点城市的内涝时间减少等数据，E选项statistics（统计数据）符合语义。29.空格在助动词has和动词reached之间，需填副词修饰动词。语义为“雨水资源利用率逐渐达到23%”，G选项gradually（逐渐地）符合语义。30.空格前为情态动词can，后为名词短语urbanecologicalenvironment，需填动词原形。语义为“还能改善城市生态环境”，H选项improve（改善）符合语义。31.空格所在句为伴随状语，语义为“减少自来水资源的消耗”，F选项reduce（减少）符合语义。32.空格前为some，需填名词复数。后文提到的是资金不足、维护体系不完善等问题，B选项challenges（挑战）符合语义。33.空格前为情态动词should，后为名词短语theparticipationofsocialcapital，需填动词原形。语义为“政府应该鼓励社会资本参与海绵城市建设”，D选项encourage（鼓励）符合语义。34.空格在连词and和动词formulate之间，需填副词修饰动词。语义为“根据不同地区的气候特征和降雨规律灵活制定针对性的建设标准”，L选项flexibly（灵活地）符合语义。35.空格在不定式符号to和动词短语givefullplay之间，需填副词修饰动词。语义为“从而充分发挥海绵城市的生态和经济效益”，O选项fully（充分地）符合语义。SectionBDirections:Inthissection,youaregoingtoreadapassagewithtenstatementsattachedtoit.Eachstatementcontainsinformationgiveninoneoftheparagraphs.Identifytheparagraphfromwhichtheinformationisderived.Youmaychooseaparagraphmorethanonce.Eachparagraphismarkedwithaletter.AnswerthequestionsbymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2.GlobalYouth'sInnovativePracticestoAddressClimateChangeA)Climatechangeisoneofthemostseriouschallengesfacingtheworldtoday.AccordingtotheUnitedNationsYouthReport2025,youngpeopleaged15to24accountfor16%oftheglobalpopulation,andtheirinnovativeactionsareplayinganincreasinglyimportantroleinaddressingclimatechange.Morethan70%ofyoungpeoplearoundtheworldhavetakenpracticalactionstoreducecarbonemissionsintheirdailylives,andalargenumberofyouth-ledinnovativeprojectshaveemergedinthefieldsofrenewableenergy,circulareconomyandecologicalprotection.B)22-year-oldKenyanstudentRinahasdevelopedalow-costsolarpowersystemsuitableforruralareas.MostruralareasinKenyahavenoaccesstothenationalpowergrid,andlocalresidentsusuallyusekerosenelampsforlighting,whichnotonlyhashighcost,butalsoproducesalotofcarbonemissions.Rina'ssystemusessecond-handsolarpanelsanddiscardedcarbatteries,whichreducesthecostby65%comparedwithtraditionalsolarpowersystems.Sofar,hersystemhasbeeninstalledin1,200ruralhouseholds,reducingcarbonemissionsby3,200tonsperyear.C)InIndia,ayouthteamledby24-year-oldengineerRajhasinventedabiodegradablepackagingmaterialmadefromagriculturalwastesuchasricestrawandwheatstraw.Thematerialcanbecompletelydegradedinsoilwithin90days,anditstensilestrengthissimilartothatoftraditionalplasticpackaging.Atpresent,theirproductshavebeenusedby18localfoodande-commerceenterprises,replacingmorethan200tonsofplasticpackagingeveryyear.D)InChina,ayouthenvironmentalprotectionorganizationcalled"GreenGeneration"haslauncheda"CampusCarbonNeutrality"project,callingoncollegestudentstoreducecarbonemissionsoncampusthroughvariousactionssuchassavingelectricity,reducingfoodwa