2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）英语真题及答案解析

2022年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（全国乙卷）英语真题及答案解析适用地区：河南、安徽、江西、山西、陕西、黑龙江、吉林、甘肃、内蒙古、青海、宁夏、新疆考试时间：120分钟满分：150分第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话仅读一遍。1.Whatdoesthemanwanttodo?

A.Havebreakfast.B.Buyanewspaper.C.Catchabus.2.Whatistheweatherlikenow?

A.Sunny.B.Rainy.C.Cloudy.3.Wherewillthespeakersmeet?

A.Atthecafé.B.Atthelibrary.C.Atthebookstore.4.Whydoesthemanrefusetheoffer?

A.He’sbusy.B.He’stired.C.He’spoor.5.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?

A.Anewjob.B.Acolleague.C.Atravelplan.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。6.Whatdidthewomandolastweekend?

A.Shevisitedamuseum.B.Shewentcamping.C.Sheattendedaconcert.7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofcamping?

A.Tiring.B.Exciting.C.Relaxing.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题。8.Whatistheman’sproblem?

A.Helosthiskey.B.Hemissedthetrain.C.Heforgothispassword.9.Whatwillthewomandofortheman?

A.Resethispassword.B.Lendhimakey.C.Bookaticket.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。10.Wheredoestheconversationtakeplace?

A.Inahotel.B.Inarestaurant.C.Inasupermarket.11.Whatdoesthemanorder?

A.Fishandrice.B.Steakandpotatoes.C.Soupandbread.12.Howmuchchangewillthemanget?

A.$5.B.$10.C.$15.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。13.Whatisthewoman’sjob?

A.Ateacher.B.Areporter.C.Adesigner.14.Whatdoesthemanmajorin?

A.Art.B.Business.C.Computerscience.15.Whatistheman’splanforthefuture?

A.Torunacompany.B.Tostudyabroad.C.Toworkinabank.16.Whatdoesthewomanadvisethemantodo?

A.Gainmoreexperience.B.Learnmoreskills.C.Makemorefriends.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。17.Whatisthetopicofthespeech?

A.Howtokeephealthy.B.HowtolearnEnglish.C.Howtomanagetime.18.Whatshouldpeopledofirstaccordingtothespeaker?

A.Makeaplan.B.Doexercise.C.Readbooks.19.Whatisthebiggestenemyoftimemanagement?

A.Laziness.B.Worry.C.Procrastination.20.Whatdoesthespeakersuggestdoingatnight?

A.Reviewdailywork.B.WatchlessTV.C.Gotobedearly.第二部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）AHenryRaeburn(1756–1823)wasaScottishportraitpainter.HeisbestknownforhispaintingsofScottishEnlightenmentfigures.Raeburn’sstyleisrecognizableforitsboldbrushworkanddirectness.BorninStockbridge,Edinburgh,Raeburnwasorphanedatanearlyage.HewaseducatedatHeriot’sHospitalbeforebeingapprenticedtoagoldsmith.Hisartistictalentsoonshowed,andheturnedtoportraitpainting.Mostlyself-taught,hedevelopedaconfidentandnaturalstyle.Unlikemanypaintersofhistime,Raeburnrarelypaintedformalposedportraits.Instead,hepreferredtopainthissubjectsinnatural,relaxedposes,oftenoutdoors.Thisapproachmadehisworkslivelyandrealistic.Raeburn’spopularitygrewquickly.Hepaintedlawyers,doctors,writersandpoliticiansofEdinburgh’selite.Bythe1790s,hewastheleadingportraitpainterinScotland.In1815,hewaselectedafullmemberoftheRoyalAcademy.Today,hisworksareheldinmajorgalleriesworldwide,admiredfortheirhonestyandpowerfulcharacterportrayal.21.WhatdoweknowaboutRaeburn’searlylife?

A.Hereceivedprofessionalpaintingtraining.

B.Helosthisparentswhenyoung.

C.Heworkedasateacher.

D.Hestudiedartabroad.22.WhatmakesRaeburn’spaintingsspecial?

A.Formalposes.B.Outdoorbackgrounds.C.Naturalandlivelystyles.D.Colorfuldecoration.23.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.ThehistoryofScottishpainting.

B.Theachievementsofafamouspainter.

C.ThefeaturesofEnlightenmentart.

D.Thedevelopmentofportraitpainting.BIn1916,thefirstsupermarketintheworldopenedinMemphis,Tennessee.Beforethat,peopleboughtgoodsfromsmallshopswhereshopassistantsfetcheditemsforcustomers.Thenewself-servicemodelchangedshoppingforever.Self-serviceshoppingsavedlaborcostsandallowedstorestoofferlowerprices.Italsogavecustomersmorefreedomtochoosegoods.However,itbroughtnewchallenges.Shoppersneededtoknowprices,andstoresneededclearsignageandshelforganization.Intheearlydays,supermarketswerecriticizedforreplacingsmallfamilyshops.Manylocalstoresclosedassupermarketsexpanded.Yetsupermarketsmadefoodmoreaffordableforordinaryfamilies,improvingpublicnutrition.Overthepastcentury,supermarketshavecontinuedtoevolve.Theyhaveaddedbakeries,pharmaciesandcoffeeshops.Onlineshoppinganddeliveryserviceshavefurtherchangedtheindustry.Thoughpeople’sshoppinghabitskeepchanging,supermarketsremainanimportantpartofmodernlife.24.Whatwasshoppinglikebeforesupermarkets?

A.Customerspickedgoodsthemselves.

B.Shopworkersservedcustomers.

C.Goodswerecheaperandricher.

D.Storeshadlargeshelves.25.Whatwasadisadvantageofearlysupermarkets?

A.Higherlaborcosts.B.Fewerproductchoices.C.Impactonsmalllocalshops.D.Inconvenienttransportation.26.Whatcanweinferaboutmodernsupermarkets?

A.Theyofferdiverseservices.B.Theyaredisappearinggradually.

C.Theyonlysellfoodproducts.D.Theydependlittleoncustomers.27.Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardssupermarkets?

A.Critical.B.Objective.C.Doubtful.D.Uninterested.CHumanspeechiscomplex,butdogscanunderstandhumanvocalcuesbetterthanweoncethought.Researchershavefoundthatdogscandistinguishhumanemotionaltones,showingtheyhaveabasicabilitytoreadhumanmoods.Inarecentstudy,scientiststesteddozensofpetdogs.Theyplayedrecordingsofhumanvoiceswithhappy,angryandneutraltones.Thedogsrespondeddifferentlytoeachtone.Whenhearingangryvoices,dogsbecamecautiousandtendedtostepback.Happyvoicesmadethemrelaxedandcurious.Interestingly,dogs’reactiontohumanemotionsdoesnotdependonlanguagecontent.Evenwhenhearingunfamiliarforeignlanguages,theycanstilltellemotionaldifferences.Thissuggestsdogsfocusmoreonsoundtoneandrhythmthanwords.Scientistsbelievethisabilitydevelopedthroughlong-termcoexistencewithhumans.Overthousandsofyearsofdomestication,dogsgraduallylearnedtoreadhumanemotionalsignalstobettercooperatewithpeople.Thisskillhelpsdogssurviveandbondwithhumanfamilies.Thefindingsalsoexplainwhydogsareexcellenthumancompanions.Theirsensitivitytohumanemotionsallowsthemtoprovidecomfortandsupporttotheirowners.28.Whatdidthenewstudyfind?

A.Dogscanunderstandhumanemotiontones.

B.Dogscanlearnforeignlanguagesquickly.

C.Dogsaresmarterthanotheranimals.

D.Dogsreactfastertofamiliarvoices.29.Whataffectsdogs’judgmentofhumanemotions?

A.Languagecontent.B.Voicetone.C.Speakingspeed.D.Wordchoice.30.Whydodogshavethisability?

A.Theyarebornwithit.

B.Theyreceivehumantraining.

C.Theyevolvefromlong-termlivingwithhumans.

D.Theylearnfromotherdogs.31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.Dogs:Besthumanfriends

B.Howdogslearnhumanlanguages

C.Dogscanreadhumanemotionaltones

D.TheevolutionofpetdogsDUrbangreenspacesarewidelybelievedtoimprovecitizens’well-being,buttheirbenefitsarenotequallyshared.Anewstudyshowsthatdisadvantagedcommunitieshavelessaccesstohigh-qualityurbangreenspaces,whichwidensenvironmentalinequality.Researchersanalyzedgreenspacedatafromhundredsofcities.Theyfoundthatwealthyneighborhoodsusuallyhavelarger,better-maintainedparkswithcompletefacilities.Incontrast,low-incomeareasoftenhavesmall,crowdedgreenspaceswithpoorserviceandhighpollutionlevels.Thisgapmattersgreatly.Qualitygreenspacesreducestress,improveairquality,encourageexerciseandstrengthensocialconnections.Peoplewithoutaccesstosuchresourcesmissoutonthesehealthbenefits,leadingtolong-termhealthdifferencesbetweensocialgroups.Theinequalityhashistoricalroots.Earlyurbanplanningoftenprioritizedwealthyareasforgreenconstruction.Eventoday,newurbangreenprojectsaremorelikelytobebuiltindevelopedareastoincreaselandvalue.Scientistssuggestcitygovernmentsshouldadjusturbanplanningpolicies.Moregreenresourcesshouldbeallocatedtolow-incomecommunitiestoensureallcitizenscanenjoyequalenvironmentalbenefits.32.Whatproblemdoesthestudyreveal?

A.Urbangreenspacesaredecreasing.

B.Greenspacebenefitsareunevenlydistributed.

C.Cityplanningignorespublicopinions.

D.Low-incomecommunitieslackpublicfacilities.33.Whatadvantagedowealthyneighborhoodshave?

A.Largerhigh-qualitygreenspaces.B.Lowerpopulationdensity.

C.Betterpublictransportation.D.Morejobopportunities.34.Whydoesthegreenspaceinequalityexist?

A.Lackofgovernmentinvestment.

B.Unreasonablehistoricalurbanplanning.

C.Rapidpopulationgrowthincities.

D.Overdevelopmentofruralareas.35.Whatisthescientists’suggestion?

A.Buildmoreparksinwealthyareas.

B.Improvelandutilizationefficiency.

C.Balancegreenspacedistributionincities.

D.Encouragecitizenstoprotectenvironment.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。HowtoDevelopPositiveStudyHabitsGoodstudyhabitsdetermineyourlearningefficiency.Withproperhabits,youcanlearnbetterwithlesseffort.36First,setafixedstudyschedule.Studyingatthesametimeeverydayhelpsyourbrainformaregularpattern.37Avoidrandomstudying,whicheasilyleadstolazinessanddelay.38Manystudentstrytomemorizeeverythingatonce,whichcausestirednessandlowefficiency.Instead,divideknowledgepointsintosmallpartsandlearnthemstepbystep.Regularreviewalsohelpsstrengthenmemory.Createaquietandtidystudyenvironment.Yourstudyspacegreatlyinfluencesyourfocus.Removetoys,phonesandotherdistractionsbeforestudying.39Lastly,reflectonyourlearningregularly.Taketimetocheckyourprogressandfindoutyourweaknesses.Adjustyourstudymethodstimely.40A.Breaklearningtasksintosmallgoals.

B.Keepyourdeskcleanandorganized.

C.Herearesomepracticalsuggestions.

D.Ithelpsyougetintostudystatequickly.

E.Youcanaskteachersforlearningadvice.

F.Positivehabitsneedlong-termpersistence.

G.Toomanytaskswillmakeyoufeelstressed.第三部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）Igrewupinasmallruraltown.Myparentsworkedhardtosupportourfamily,andtheyalwaystaughtmethevalueofhonestyandperseverance.Istillrememberaspecialexperiencethatdeeply41me.WhenIwastwelve,myfamilyplantedavegetablefield.Onesummerafternoon,afterheavyrain,manyvegetableswere42.Ifeltupset,forwehadtakengoodcareofthemformonths.Myfatherwalkedbesidemeandsaid43,“Hardtimesareunavoidableinlife.Whattruly44iswhetheryoudaretostartagain.”Followingmyfather’swords,weclearedthedamagedfieldand45newseeds.Duringthefollowingdays,wewateredandweededcarefully.Thoughtheprocesswas46,wenevergaveup.Finally,weharvestedplentyoffreshvegetablesinautumn.Thisexperiencetaughtmeavaluable47.Failureisnottheendoflife.WheneverImeetdifficultiesinstudyandlife,Iwill48myfather’swords.Ichoosetofacechallengesbravelyinsteadof49.Lifeisfullofchangesanddifficulties.Noonecanalwaysbe50.Butwithperseveranceandcourage,wecanovercomeanytroubleandachieveour51.Thesepreciousqualitiesmyparentstaughtmewill52guidemeinmyfuturelife.41.A.touchedB.changedC.confusedD.disappointed

42.A.grownB.savedC.damagedD.sold

43.A.angrilyB.patientlyC.nervouslyD.secretly

44.A.mattersB.differsC.existsD.appears

45.A.boughtB.selectedC.buriedD.sowed

46.A.easyB.toughC.boringD.funny

47.A.lessonB.skillC.methodD.rule

48.A.ignoreB.doubtC.rememberD.question

49.A.givingupB.turningupC.gettingupD.standingup

50.A.luckyB.perfectC.healthyD.happy

51.A.dreamsB.promisesC.tasksD.marks

52.A.neverB.seldomC.alwaysD.sometimes第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TraditionalChineseteaculturehasahistoryofmorethan4,000years.Tea,53(consider)asoneofthesevendailynecessitiesinancientChina,playsanimportantroleinChinesepeople’slife.TherearesixmajorkindsofteainChina,54(include)greentea,blackteaandoolongtea.Differentkindsofteahavedifferenttastesandhealtheffects.Greentea,knownforitsfreshflavor,isrich55vitamins.Itcanhelpreducetiredness.Drinkingteaisnotonlyadailyhabitbutalsoaculturalactivity.Inancienttimes,peopleheldteaparties56(communicate)withfriendsandexpresstheirfeelings.Nowadays,teaculture57(become)asymbolofChinesetradition.Makingteaisaprocessfullofwisdom.Thetemperatureofwater,theamountoftealeavesandthebrewingtimeallaffect58finaltaste.Propertea-makingskillscanmaketeatastemuch59(good).Withthedevelopmentofculturalexchange,Chineseteaculturehasspreadworldwide.Moreandmoreforeignersfallinlove60Chinesetea.Ithasbecomeabridge61connectsChinawiththeworld.第四部分写作（共两节，满分35分）第一节短文改错（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）假定英语课上老师要求同桌之间交换修改作文，请你修改你同桌写的以下作文。文中共有10处语言错误，每句中最多有两处。每处错误仅涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。Iamwritingtosharemyvolunteerexperiencelastweekend.Itakepartinacommunityvoluntaryactivity.Wehelpedcleantheoldcommunity,wheremanyelderlypeoplelive.Wesweptfloors,removedweedsandcleanpublicfacilities.Duringtheactivity,wetalkedwiththeelderlyresident.Theywereverykindandtoldusmanyinterestingstory.Wealsohelpedthemcarryheavythingsandgavethemwarmgreet.Thoughweweretired,butwefeltv