2026年重庆市部编版初中英语八年级下册第8单元词汇练习题

2026年重庆市部编版初中英语八年级下册第8单元词汇练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewsciencemuseuminChongqinghasacollectionofancientfossilsthat______people'sinterestinpaleontology.A.attractB.attractsC.attractedD.attracting解析：题干考查动词时态和主谓一致。句子的主语是"collection"（集合体，单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。选项B"attracts"符合语法规则，表示现在时态。选项A"attract"是动词原形，选项C"attracted"是过去式，选项D"attracting"是现在分词，均不符合句法结构。该单元重点词汇涉及动词时态和名词单复数，"collection"作主语时谓语动词需加-s。2.Mysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomework,especiallywhenI______difficultproblems.A.meetB.meetsC.meetingD.met解析：题干考查动词时态。句子主语是"I"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。选项B"meets"符合语法规则，表示一般现在时。选项A"meet"是动词原形，选项C"meeting"是动名词，选项D"met"是过去式，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及动词与主语的人称数一致，"I"作主语时谓语动词加-s。3.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theirhomeworkbeforetheclassmeetingnextMonday.A.finishB.finishesC.finishedD.finishing解析：题干考查动词不定式。动词"ask"后常跟不定式作宾语，表示要求或命令。选项A"finish"符合语法规则，表示将来动作。选项B"finishes"是第三人称单数形式，选项C"finished"是过去式，选项D"finishing"是不定式的进行式，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及动词不定式在宾语从句中的用法，"asksb.todosth."是固定搭配。4.ManytouristsvisittheThreeGorgesDameveryyearbecauseit______agreatengineeringachievement.A.isB.areC.wasD.were解析：题干考查名词作主语时的谓语动词。句子的主语是"it"（指代"theThreeGorgesDam"，单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。选项A"is"符合语法规则，表示一般现在时。选项B"are"是复数形式，选项C"was"是过去式，选项D"were"是复数形式，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及不可数名词作主语时的谓语动词变化，"dam"是不可数名词。5.Theboywho______playingfootballintheparkismyneighbor.A.playB.playsC.playedD.playing解析：题干考查定语从句。关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。选项B"plays"符合语法规则，表示一般现在时。选项A"play"是动词原形，选项C"played"是过去式，选项D"playing"是现在分词，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及定语从句中动词时态和主谓一致，"who"指代"boy"，需用第三人称单数形式。6.MyparentsareproudofmebecauseI______thefirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcontestlastweek.A.wonB.winC.winningD.won't解析：题干考查动词时态。句子主语是"I"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。选项A"won"符合语法规则，表示过去时态。选项B"win"是动词原形，选项C"winning"是动名词，选项D"won't"是将来时，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及动词时态，"lastweek"提示用过去时。7.Thestudentsshould______moretimetopracticetheirEnglishpronunciationiftheywanttoimprove.A.spendB.spendsC.spendingD.spent解析：题干考查动词不定式。动词"should"后常跟不定式作宾语，表示建议。选项A"spend"符合语法规则，表示将来动作。选项B"spends"是第三人称单数形式，选项C"spending"是不定式的进行式，选项D"spent"是过去式，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及情态动词后跟不定式的用法，"should+do"是固定搭配。8.Theoldwomanwholivesnextdoor______alotofpets,includingcats,dogs,andbirds.A.hasB.haveC.hadD.having解析：题干考查名词作主语时的谓语动词。句子的主语是"theoldwoman"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。选项A"has"符合语法规则，表示现在时态。选项B"have"是复数形式，选项C"had"是过去式，选项D"having"是动名词，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及可数名词作主语时的谓语动词变化，"woman"是可数名词。9.Themoviewhich______lastnightwasveryinterestingandmademelaughalot.A.watchB.watchesC.watchedD.watching解析：题干考查定语从句。关系代词"which"在从句中作主语，谓语动词需用过去式。选项C"watched"符合语法规则，表示过去时态。选项A"watch"是动词原形，选项B"watches"是第三人称单数形式，选项D"watching"是现在分词，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及定语从句中动词时态，"lastnight"提示用过去时。10.Thestudentsneedto______theirEnglishskillsiftheywanttostudyabroadnextyear.A.improveB.improvingC.improvesD.improved解析：题干考查动词不定式。动词"need"后常跟不定式作宾语，表示必要动作。选项A"improve"符合语法规则，表示将来动作。选项B"improving"是不定式的进行式，选项C"improves"是第三人称单数形式，选项D"improved"是过去式，均不符合句法结构。该单元涉及情态动词后跟不定式的用法，"need+todo"是固定搭配。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thenewlibraryinourcity______alotofbooks,magazines,andnewspapersforstudentstoread.参考答案：has解析：句子主语是"thenewlibrary"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。该单元涉及不可数名词作主语时的谓语动词变化，"library"是不可数名词。2.Myfatheroften______metothezooonweekendsbecausehelovesanimals.参考答案：takes解析：句子主语是"Myfather"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。该单元涉及动词与主语的人称数一致，"father"作主语时谓语动词加-s。3.Thegirlwho______intheclassroomismybestfriend.参考答案：sits解析：句子主语是"thegirl"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。该单元涉及定语从句中动词时态和主谓一致，"who"指代"girl"，需用第三人称单数形式。4.Weneedto______ourhomeworkcarefullybeforetheteacherchecksitnextMonday.参考答案：do解析：句子主语是"We"（复数），谓语动词需用复数形式。该单元涉及动词时态，"nextMonday"提示用一般现在时。5.Theteacheraskedthestudentsto______theirhandsiftheyhavequestions.参考答案：raise解析：句子主语是"Theteacher"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。该单元涉及动词不定式在宾语从句中的用法，"asksb.todosth."是固定搭配。6.Mybrother______totheconcertlastnight,buthewastootiredtoenjoyit.参考答案：went解析：句子主语是"Mybrother"（单数），谓语动词需用过去式。该单元涉及动词时态，"lastnight"提示用过去时。7.Thestudentsshould______moretimetopracticetheirEnglishpronunciationiftheywanttosucceed.参考答案：spend解析：句子主语是"Thestudents"（复数），谓语动词需用复数形式。该单元涉及情态动词后跟不定式的用法，"should+do"是固定搭配。8.Theoldmanwho______nextdoorhasalotofpets,includingcatsanddogs.参考答案：lives解析：句子主语是"theoldman"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式。该单元涉及定语从句中动词时态和主谓一致，"who"指代"man"，需用第三人称单数形式。9.Themoviewhich______lastweekendwasveryexcitingandmademelaughalot.参考答案：watched解析：句子主语是"themovie"（单数），谓语动词需用过去式。该单元涉及定语从句中动词时态，"lastweekend"提示用过去时。10.Thestudentsneedto______theirEnglishskillsiftheywanttogetgoodgradesnextterm.参考答案：improve解析：句子主语是"Thestudents"（复数），谓语动词需用复数形式。该单元涉及动词不定式在宾语从句中的用法，"need+todo"是固定搭配。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.ThenewsciencemuseuminChongqinghasacollectionofancientfossilsthatattractpeople'sinterestinpaleontology.(×)解析：句子主语是"collection"（集合体，单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式"attracts"，而不是复数形式"attract"。该单元涉及不可数名词作主语时的谓语动词变化。2.Mysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomework,especiallywhenImeetdifficultproblems.(×)解析：句子主语是"I"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式"meets"，而不是动词原形"meet"。该单元涉及动词与主语的人称数一致。3.TheteacheraskedthestudentstofinishtheirhomeworkbeforetheclassmeetingnextMonday.(×)解析：动词"ask"后常跟不定式作宾语，表示要求或命令，应为"finish"，而不是动词原形"finish"。该单元涉及动词不定式在宾语从句中的用法。4.ManytouristsvisittheThreeGorgesDameveryyearbecauseitisagreatengineeringachievement.(√)解析：句子主语是"it"（指代"theThreeGorgesDam"，单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式"is"，符合语法规则。该单元涉及不可数名词作主语时的谓语动词变化。5.Theboywhoplaysfootballintheparkismyneighbor.(×)解析：关系代词"who"在从句中作主语，谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式"plays"，而不是动词原形"play"。该单元涉及定语从句中动词时态和主谓一致。6.MyparentsareproudofmebecauseIwonthefirstplaceintheEnglishspeechcontestlastweek.(√)解析：句子主语是"I"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式"won"，符合语法规则。该单元涉及动词时态，"lastweek"提示用过去时。7.ThestudentsshouldspendmoretimetopracticetheirEnglishpronunciationiftheywanttoimprove.(×)解析：动词"should"后常跟不定式作宾语，表示建议，应为"spend"，而不是动名词"spending"。该单元涉及情态动词后跟不定式的用法。8.Theoldwomanwholivesnextdoorhasalotofpets,includingcats,dogs,andbirds.(√)解析：句子主语是"theoldwoman"（单数），谓语动词需用第三人称单数形式"has"，符合语法规则。该单元涉及可数名词作主语时的谓语动词变化。9.Themoviewhichwatchedlastnightwasveryinterestingandmademelaughalot.(×)解析：关系代词"which"在从句中作主语，谓语动词需用过去式"watched"，而不是动词原形"watch"。该单元涉及定语从句中动词时态。10.ThestudentsneedtoimprovetheirEnglishskillsiftheywanttostudyabroadnextyear.(×)解析：动词"need"后常跟不定式作宾语，表示必要动作，应为"improve"，而不是动名词"improving"。该单元涉及情态动词后跟不定式的用法。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.DescribethemainfeaturesofthenewsciencemuseuminChongqing.参考答案：ThenewsciencemuseuminChongqinghasacollectionofancientfossilsthatattractpeople'sinterestinpaleontology.Italsoincludesinteractiveexhibitsonspaceexploration,dinosaurs,andmoderntechnology.Themuseumisdesignedtoeducatevisitorsofallagesaboutscienceandinnovation.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"newsciencemuseuminChongqing"，答案应涵盖博物馆的主要特点，如化石收藏、互动展览、教育目的等。该单元涉及对文章细节的描述能力。2.Whydoesyoursisteroftenhelpyouwithyourhomework?参考答案：MysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomeworkbecausesheisgoodatEnglishandcanexplaindifficultproblemsclearly.ShealsowantstosupportmeinmystudiesandmakesureIunderstandthematerialwell.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"helpsyouwithyourhomework"，答案应解释原因，如姐姐擅长英语、愿意支持等。该单元涉及对文章细节的推理能力。3.WhatmakestheThreeGorgesDamagreatengineeringachievement?参考答案：TheThreeGorgesDamisagreatengineeringachievementbecauseitgeneratesalotofcleanenergy,controlsfloodwaters,andprovideswaterforirrigation.Italsoattractsmanytouristseveryyear.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"ThreeGorgesDam"，答案应涵盖其工程成就，如发电、防洪、灌溉等。该单元涉及对文章细节的概括能力。4.Howdoestheboyinthestoryspendhisfreetime?参考答案：Theboyinthestoryspendshisfreetimeplayingfootballinthepark.Healsoenjoysreadingbooksandwatchingmovieswithhisfriends.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"boyinthestory"，答案应描述他的休闲活动，如踢足球、读书、看电影等。该单元涉及对文章细节的描述能力。5.WhydothestudentsneedtopracticetheirEnglishpronunciation?参考答案：ThestudentsneedtopracticetheirEnglishpronunciationbecauseithelpsthemcommunicatemoreeffectivelyinEnglish.Goodpronunciationalsomakesiteasierforotherstounderstandthem.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"practiceEnglishpronunciation"，答案应解释原因，如提高沟通能力、方便他人理解等。该单元涉及对文章细节的推理能力。6.Whatdoestheoldwomanwholivesnextdoordoinhersparetime?参考答案：Theoldwomanwholivesnextdoorspendshersparetimetakingcareofherpets,gardening,andreadingbooks.Shealsoenjoyswalkinginthepark.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"oldwomannextdoor"，答案应描述她的休闲活动，如照顾宠物、园艺、阅读等。该单元涉及对文章细节的描述能力。7.Howdoesthemoviemaketheaudiencelaughalot?参考答案：Themoviemakestheaudiencelaughalotbecauseithasmanyfunnyscenesandjokes.Theactors'performancesarealsoveryhumorous,andthedirectorusesalotofcomedytechniquestoentertaintheaudience.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"moviemakesaudiencelaugh"，答案应解释原因，如搞笑场景、演员表演、导演技巧等。该单元涉及对文章细节的推理能力。8.Whatarethebenefitsofstudyingabroadforthestudents?参考答案：Studyingabroadhasmanybenefitsforthestudents,suchasimprovingtheirlanguageskills,experiencingdifferentcultures,andgainingnewperspectives.Italsohelpsthembuildaglobalnetworkoffriendsandopportunities.解析：题目考查对文章细节的理解。根据题干中的关键词"studyingabroadforstudents"，答案应列举好处，如提高语言能力、体验文化、拓展视野等。该单元涉及对文章细节的概括能力。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.SupposeyouareatouristvisitingtheThreeGorgesDam.Writeashortparagraphdescribingyourexperience.参考答案：IrecentlyvisitedtheThreeGorgesDam,anditwasanamazingexperience.Thedamishugeandimpressive,andtheviewsfromtheobservationdeckarestunning.Ilearnedalotaboutitshistoryandhowitbenefitsthecountry.Itwasagreatday,andIhighlyrecommendittoothertourists.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"touristvisitingThreeGorgesDam"，答案应描述参观体验，如规模、景色、学习内容等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言流畅、内容连贯。2.Imagineyouarehelpingyourfriendwithhishomework.Writeashortparagraphexplaininghowyoucanhelphim.参考答案：Icanhelpmyfriendwithhishomeworkbyexplainingthedifficultproblemstohim.Icanalsoshowhimhowtoorganizehisnotesandstudyeffectively.Ifhehasanyquestions,Iwillbehappytoanswerthem.Ibelievemyhelpwillhelphimimprovehisgrades.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"helpingfriendwithhomework"，答案应解释如何帮助，如解释问题、组织笔记、回答疑问等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言清晰、逻辑合理。3.Supposeyouarewritingareviewofthemovieyouwatchedlastnight.Writeashortparagraphdescribingyourthoughts.参考答案：ThemovieIwatchedlastnightwasveryinterestingandmademelaughalot.Theactors'performancesweregreat,andthestorywasengaging.Iespeciallylikedthefunnyscenesandthejokes.Themoviewaswell-made,andIwouldrecommendittomyfriends.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"reviewofthemovie"，答案应描述电影评价，如演员表演、故事情节、搞笑场景等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言生动、观点明确。4.ImagineyouareastudentwhowantstoimproveyourEnglishskills.Writeashortparagraphdescribingyourplan.参考答案：ToimprovemyEnglishskills,Iplantopracticemypronunciationeveryday.IwillalsoreadEnglishbooksandwatchEnglishmoviestoimprovemyvocabularyandunderstanding.IwilljoinanEnglishclubtopracticespeakingwithotherstudents.IbelievetheseactivitieswillhelpmebecomemorefluentinEnglish.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"studentimprovingEnglishskills"，答案应描述计划，如练习发音、阅读、看电影、参加社团等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言具体、目标明确。5.Supposeyouarewritingalettertoyourpenpalinanothercountry.Writeashortparagraphdescribingyourhobbies.参考答案：Myhobbiesincludeplayingfootball,readingbooks,andwatchingmovies.Ialsoenjoyspendingtimewithmyfriendsandfamily.Iwouldlovetolearnmoreaboutyourhobbiesandshareourinterests.Ithinkwewillbecomegoodfriendsifwehavesimilarhobbies.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"lettertopenpal"，答案应描述爱好，如踢足球、读书、看电影等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言友好、内容真诚。6.Imagineyouareateacherexplainingthebenefitsofstudyingabroadtoyourstudents.Writeashortparagraphdescribingyourexplanation.参考答案：Studyingabroadhasmanybenefitsforstudents.Itimprovestheirlanguageskills,exposesthemtodifferentcultures,andhelpsthemgainnewperspectives.Italsohelpsthembuildaglobalnetworkoffriendsandopportunities.Iencouragemystudentstoconsiderstudyingabroadiftheyhavethechance.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"explainingbenefitsofstudyingabroad"，答案应描述好处，如提高语言能力、体验文化、拓展视野等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言专业、观点客观。7.Supposeyouarewritingareviewofthesciencemuseumyouvisited.Writeashortparagraphdescribingyourexperience.参考答案：ThesciencemuseumIvisitedwasveryimpressive.Ilearnedalotaboutdinosaurs,spaceexploration,andmoderntechnology.Theinteractiveexhibitswerefunandeducational.Iespeciallylikedthedinosaurexhibit,whichwasverydetailedandrealistic.Itwasagreatday,andIhighlyrecommendittootherstudents.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"reviewofthesciencemuseum"，答案应描述参观体验，如展览内容、互动项目、个人感受等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言生动、内容丰富。8.ImagineyouareastudentwhowantstoimproveyourEnglishpronunciation.Writeashortparagraphdescribingyourplan.参考答案：ToimprovemyEnglishpronunciation,Iplantopracticespeakingeveryday.IwillwatchEnglishmoviesandlistentoEnglishsongstolearnthecorrectpronunciation.Iwillalsorecordmyselfspeakingandcompareittonativespeakers.IbelievetheseactivitieswillhelpmesoundmorenaturalinEnglish.解析：题目考查写作能力。根据题干中的关键词"studentimprovingEnglishpronunciation"，答案应描述计划，如练习口语、看电影、听歌曲、录音等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言具体、目标明确。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.A3.A4.A5.B6.A7.A8.A9.C10.A二、填空题1.has2.takes3.sits4.do5.raise6.went7.spend8.lives9.watched10.improve三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.×6.√7.×8.√9.×10.×四、简答题1.参考答案：ThenewsciencemuseuminChongqinghasacollectionofancientfossilsthatattractpeople'sinterestinpaleontology.Italsoincludesinteractiveexhibitsonspaceexploration,dinosaurs,andmoderntechnology.Themuseumisdesignedtoeducatevisitorsofallagesaboutscienceandinnovation.解析：答案涵盖博物馆的主要特点，如化石收藏、互动展览、教育目的等。该单元涉及对文章细节的描述能力。2.参考答案：MysisteroftenhelpsmewithmyhomeworkbecausesheisgoodatEnglishandcanexplaindifficultproblemsclearly.ShealsowantstosupportmeinmystudiesandmakesureIunderstandthematerialwell.解析：答案解释原因，如姐姐擅长英语、愿意支持等。该单元涉及对文章细节的推理能力。3.参考答案：TheThreeGorgesDamisagreatengineeringachievementbecauseitgeneratesalotofcleanenergy,controlsfloodwaters,andprovideswaterforirrigation.Italsoattractsmanytouristseveryyear.解析：答案涵盖其工程成就，如发电、防洪、灌溉等。该单元涉及对文章细节的概括能力。4.参考答案：Theboyinthestoryspendshisfreetimeplayingfootballinthepark.Healsoenjoysreadingbooksandwatchingmovieswithhisfriends.解析：答案描述他的休闲活动，如踢足球、读书、看电影等。该单元涉及对文章细节的描述能力。5.参考答案：ThestudentsneedtopracticetheirEnglishpronunciationbecauseithelpsthemcommunicatemoreeffectivelyinEnglish.Goodpronunciationalsomakesiteasierforotherstounderstandthem.解析：答案解释原因，如提高沟通能力、方便他人理解等。该单元涉及对文章细节的推理能力。6.参考答案：Theoldwomanwholivesnextdoorspendshersparetimetakingcareofherpets,gardening,andreadingbooks.Shealsoenjoyswalkinginthepark.解析：答案描述她的休闲活动，如照顾宠物、园艺、阅读等。该单元涉及对文章细节的描述能力。7.参考答案：Themoviemakestheaudiencelaughalotbecauseithasmanyfunnyscenesandjokes.Theactors'performancesarealsoveryhumorous,andthedirectorusesalotofcomedytechniquestoentertaintheaudience.解析：答案解释原因，如搞笑场景、演员表演、导演技巧等。该单元涉及对文章细节的推理能力。8.参考答案：Studyingabroadhasmanybenefitsforthestudents,suchasimprovingtheirlanguageskills,experiencingdifferentcultures,andgainingnewperspectives.Italsohelpsthembuildaglobalnetworkoffriendsandopportunities.解析：答案列举好处，如提高语言能力、体验文化、拓展视野等。该单元涉及对文章细节的概括能力。五、应用题1.参考答案：IrecentlyvisitedtheThreeGorgesDam,anditwasanamazingexperience.Thedamishugeandimpressive,andtheviewsfromtheobservationdeckarestunning.Ilearnedalotaboutitshistoryandhowitbenefitsthecountry.Itwasagreatday,andIhighlyrecommendittoothertourists.解析：答案描述参观体验，如规模、景色、学习内容等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言流畅、内容连贯。2.参考答案：Icanhelpmyfriendwithhishomeworkbyexplainingthedifficultproblemstohim.Icanalsoshowhimhowtoorganizehisnotesandstudyeffectively.Ifhehasanyquestions,Iwillbehappytoanswerthem.Ibelievemyhelpwillhelphimimprovehisgrades.解析：答案解释如何帮助，如解释问题、组织笔记、回答疑问等。该单元涉及写作能力，要求语言清晰、逻辑合理。3.参考答案：ThemovieIwatchedlastnightwasveryinterestingandmademelaughalot.Theactors'performancesweregreat,andthestorywasengaging.Iespeciallylikedthefunnyscenesandthejokes.Themoviewaswell-made,andIwouldrecomm