全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级复习试题库(2025年下半年东莞)

全国英语等级考试（PETS）四级复习试题库(2025年下半年东莞)SectionIListeningComprehension(25minutes)Directions:ThissectionisdesignedtotestyourabilitytounderstandspokenEnglish.Youwillhearaselectionofrecordedmaterialsandyoumustanswerthequestionsthataccompanythem.ThereareTHREEpartsinthissection:PartA,PartB,andPartC.Remember,youshouldfirstputyouranswersinyourtestbooklet.Attheendofthelisteningcomprehensionsection,youwillhave3minutestotransferyouranswersfromyourtestbookletontoyourANSWERSHEET1.Ifyouhaveanyquestions,youmayraiseyourhandNOWasyouwillnotbeallowedtospeakoncethetesthasstarted.NowlookatPartAinyourtestbooklet.PartADirections:Youwillhear10shortdialogues.Foreachdialogue,thereisonequestionandFOURpossibleanswers.Choosethecorrectanswer—A,B,C,orD,andmarkitinyourtestbooklet.YouwillheareachdialogueONLYONCE.1.Whatdoesthewomanimplyabouttheseminar?[A]Itwascanceledduetolowattendance.[B]Thematerialsdistributedweretoocomplicated.[C]Shefoundthetopicparticularlyengaging.[D]Thespeakerfailedtoaddressthemaintheme.2.Whatdoesthemansuggestthewomando?[A]Buyanewcarimmediately.[B]Havetheoldcarrepairedbyamechanic.[C]Sellthecartoadealership.[D]Checkthewarrantystatusfirst.3.Whatarethespeakersmainlydiscussing?[A]Arecentchangeinuniversitypolicy.[B]Theconstructionofanewlibrary.[C]Thelocationofthestudentunion.[D]Upcomingfinalexaminations.4.Whatdoesthewomanmean?[A]Sheprefersteaovercoffee.[B]Shedoesn'twantanycaffeinerightnow.[C]Sheistoobusytotakeabreak.[D]Shehasalreadyhadacupofcoffee.5.Whatwillthemanprobablydonext?[A]Gotothegym.[B]Preparedinner.[C]Pickuphischildrenfromschool.[D]Finishhisreportattheoffice.6.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheman?[A]Heisunabletoattendtheconcert.[B]Healreadyboughtaticketfortheconcert.[C]Hethinkstheconcertistooexpensive.[D]Heisnotafanoftheband.7.Whatisthewoman’sopinionregardingthenewsoftware?[A]Itistoodifficulttolearn.[B]Itsignificantlyimprovesefficiency.[C]Ithastoomanybugs.[D]Itissimilartothepreviousversion.8.Whatdoesthemansayabouttheweather?[A]Itwillrainlaterintheday.[B]Theforecastisunreliable.[C]Itissurprisinglywarmforwinter.[D]Heplanstogoskiingtomorrow.9.Whatistherelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?[A]Doctorandpatient.[B]Teacherandstudent.[C]Librarianandborrower.[D]Shopassistantandcustomer.10.Whatdoesthewomandecidetodo?[A]Stayathomeandrest.[B]Gotothepartyalone.[C]Askthemantojoinherlater.[D]Callataxi.PartBDirections:Youwillhearfourdialoguesormonologues.Beforelisteningtoeachone,youwillhave5secondstoreadeachofthequestionswhichaccompanyit.Whilelistening,answereachquestionbychoosingA,B,C,orD.Afterlistening,youwillhave10secondstocheckyouranswertoeachquestion.YouwillheareachpieceONLYONCE.Questions11-13arebasedonthefollowingconversationabouttheDongguanInternationalLogisticsHub.11.Whyisthemanvisitingthelogisticspark?[A]Todeliverashipmentofelectronics.[B]Toinvestigateinvestmentopportunities.[C]Tointerviewforamanagementposition.[D]Toinspectthenewautomatedwarehouse.12.WhatadvantageoftheDongguanHubdoesthewomanemphasize?[A]ItsproximitytotheShenzhenport.[B]Thelowcostoflaborintheregion.[C]TheadvancedAI-drivensortingsystem.[D]Thetaxexemptionsforforeigncompanies.13.Accordingtothewoman,whatisthefutureplanforthehub?[A]ExpandingtherailwayconnectionstoSoutheastAsia.[B]Buildingadedicatedairportforcargoflights.[C]Doublingthestoragecapacitybynextyear.[D]Establishingatrainingcenterforlogisticspersonnel.Questions14-17arebasedonthefollowinginterviewwithaprofessorofEnvironmentalScience.14.Whatisthemainfocusoftheprofessor’scurrentresearch?[A]Theimpactofurbanizationonbirdmigration.[B]Theeffectsofmicroplasticsonmarinelife.[C]Renewableenergysolutionsforruralareas.[D]Thepsychologyofclimatechangedenial.15.Accordingtotheprofessor,whatisamajormisconceptionaboutelectricvehicles(EVs)?[A]Theyaretooexpensivefortheaverageconsumer.[B]Theyhaveazerocarbonfootprintovertheirlifecycle.[C]Theycannottravellongdistances.[D]Theirbatteriesarenon-recyclable.16.Whatdoestheprofessorsuggestisthemosteffectivewaytoreducecarbonemissionsimmediately?[A]Banningallinternalcombustionengines.[B]Switchingtoaplant-baseddiet.[C]Improvingenergyefficiencyinexistingbuildings.[D]Plantingmoretreesinurbancenters.17.Whatistheprofessor'sattitudetowardsinternationalclimateagreements?[A]Cautiouslyoptimisticbutcriticaloftheslowpace.[B]Completelypessimisticabouttheireffectiveness.[C]Believestheyaretheonlysolutionavailable.[D]Thinkstheyplaceunfairburdensondevelopingnations.Questions18-21arebasedonthefollowingtalkaboutthehistoryofteaculture.18.Accordingtothespeaker,howwasteaoriginallyconsumedinChina?[A]Asamedicinalherbbrewedinsoup.[B]Asafermentedbrickcake.[C]Asapowderwhiskedwithhotwater.[D]Asadriedleafsnack.19.WhattriggeredthepopularizationofteainBritainduringthe18thcentury?[A]ThediscoveryofteaplantationsinIndia.[B]Areductioninimporttaxes.[C]Theroyalfamily’spublicendorsement.[D]Theinventionoftheteabag.20.WhatdoesthespeakeridentifyasakeydifferencebetweentheJapaneseTeaCeremonyandBritishAfternoonTea?[A]Thetypeoftealeavesused.[B]Theemphasisonspiritualityversussocialization.[C]Thetimeofdaytheyareconducted.[D]Theinclusionoffoodintheceremony.21.Whatisthemainideaofthetalk?[A]Teaisthesecondmostconsumedbeverageintheworld.[B]Thecultivationoftearequiresspecificclimaticconditions.[C]Teaculturehasevolveddifferentlyacrossvarioussocieties.[D]Theglobaltradeofteahasshapedeconomichistory.Questions22-25arebasedonthefollowingconversationbetweentwocolleaguesaboutamarketingproject.22.Whatseemstobethebiggestproblemwiththecurrentmarketingcampaign?[A]Thetargetaudienceistoobroad.[B]Thebudgethasbeenexhausted.[C]Thesocialmediaengagementislow.[D]Thevisualdesignisoutdated.23.Whatproposaldoesthewomanmakeregardingthe"GreenLifestyle"productline?[A]Todiscontinueitduetopoorsales.[B]Torebranditwithafocusondurability.[C]Topartnerwitheco-influencersforpromotion.[D]Tolowerthepricetoattractyoungerbuyers.24.Whyisthemanhesitantaboutthewoman'sproposal?[A]Hedoubtsthecredibilityofinfluencers.[B]Thetimelineforthelaunchistootight.[C]Itconflictswiththecompany'slong-termstrategy.[D]Thecostofsponsorshipistoohigh.25.Whatdothespeakersagreetodoattheendoftheconversation?[A]Conductasmall-scaleA/Btest.[B]Scheduleameetingwiththefinancedirector.[C]Postponetheproductlaunch.[D]Reverttotheoriginalmarketingplan.PartCDirections:Youwillhearapassage.Whilelistening,youmustlookattheformonyourtestbookletandfillintheblankswiththeinformationyouhaveheard.YouwillhearthepassageTWICE.Younowhave25secondstoreadtheformbelow.InformationabouttheUpcoming"DigitalManufacturing"ConferenceDate:26thofOctoberVenue:DongguanInternationalConventionCenterKeynoteSpeaker:Dr.RichardSterling,anexpertin(26)_________________________.MorningSessionTopic:TheintegrationofAIin(27)_________________________.LunchBreakDuration:(28)_________________________minutes.AfternoonWorkshop:Focuson(29)_________________________security.RegistrationFee:Includesafree(30)_________________________andlunchvoucher.Nowyouhave1minutetocheckyouranswers.SectionIIUseofEnglish(15minutes)Directions:Readthefollowingtext.ChoosethebestwordforeachnumberedblankandmarkA,B,C,orDonANSWERSHEET1.Theconceptof"smartcities"hasmovedfromafuturisticvisiontoatangiblerealityinmanypartsoftheworld.Inessence,asmartcityusesvarioustypesofelectronicInternetofThings(IoT)sensorstocollectdataandthenusetheseinsightstomanageassets,resources,andservices(31)_____.Thisincludesdatacollectedfromcitizens,devices,buildings,andassetsthatisprocessedandanalyzedtomonitorand(32)_____trafficandtransportationsystems,powerplants,watersupplynetworks,wastemanagement,lawenforcement,informationsystems,schools,libraries,hospitals,andothercommunityservices.Thesmartcityconceptintegratesinformationandcommunicationtechnology(ICT),andvariousphysicaldevices(33)_____totheIoTnetworktooptimizetheefficiencyofcityoperationsandservicesand(34)_____toacity.TheIoTnetworkallowsforthe(35)_____ofdatainreal-time,providingcityofficialswiththetoolstomakeinformeddecisionsquickly.Forinstance,smarttrafficlightscanadjustsignaltimingsbasedon(36)_____trafficflow,reducingcongestionandloweringemissions.Similarly,smartgridscanbalanceelectricityloadstopreventoutagesandintegraterenewableenergysourcesmoreeffectively.(37)_____,thedevelopmentofsmartcitiesisnotwithoutchallenges.Onesignificantconcernistheissueofdataprivacyandsecurity.Withvastamountsofdatabeingcollected,thereisariskthatsensitiveinformationcouldbe(38)_____ormisused.Ensuringthatrobustcybersecuritymeasuresareinplaceis(39)_____tomaintainingpublictrust.Anotherchallengeisthehighcostofinfrastructureimplementation.Buildingthenecessarynetworksandsensorsrequires(40)_____investment,whichcanbeabarrierformanymunicipalities.Moreover,thereistheriskofthe"digitaldivide."(41)_____smartcitytechnologiesaimtoimprovethequalityoflifeforallresidents,thereisadangerthatmarginalizedcommunitiesmaybeleft(42)_____iftheylackaccesstothenecessarytechnologyordigitalliteracyskills.Itiscrucialthaturbanplannersensure(43)_____accesstothesebenefitstoavoidexacerbatingexistingsocialinequalities.Despitethesechallenges,the(44)_____ofsmartcitiesremainshigh.Asurbanizationcontinuestoaccelerate,withmorethanhalfoftheworld'spopulationnowlivingincities,the(45)_____forsustainableandefficienturbanmanagementsolutionshasneverbeengreater.Smartcitiesofferapathwaytoamoresustainable,resilient,andlivableurbanfuture.31.[A]effectively[B]effective[C]effect[D]effectiveness32.[A]manage[B]control[C]handle[D]maintain33.[A]connected[B]linking[C]attached[D]relative34.[A]connect[B]link[C]communicate[D]interface35.[A]transport[B]transmission[C]transfer[D]transformation36.[A]current[B]present[C]actual[D]instant37.[A]Furthermore[B]However[C]Therefore[D]Consequently38.[A]compromised[B]compromisedwith[C]compromising[D]compromisingwith39.[A]vital[B]virtual[C]virulent[D]viral40.[A]substantial[B]substance[C]substitute[D]subtle41.[A]Since[B]Although[C]Because[D]Unless42.[A]ahead[B]behind[C]out[D]away43.[A]partial[B]total[C]equitable[D]unequal44.[A]promise[B]promotion[C]propaganda[D]profit45.[A]need[B]request[C]order[D]demandSectionIIIReadingComprehension(60minutes)PartADirections:Readthefollowingthreetexts.AnswerthequestionsoneachtextbychoosingA,B,C,orD.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Text1Therapidevolutionofartificialintelligence(AI)hassparkedintensedebateregardingitsimpactonthegloballabormarket.WhileproponentsarguethatAIwilldriveunprecedentedproductivitygainsandcreatenewtypesofjobs,skepticswarnofwidespreaddisplacementandincreasedinequality.Thisdichotomypresentsacomplexchallengeforpolicymakers,educators,andbusinessesalike.Historically,technologicalrevolutions—suchastheIndustrialRevolution—haveeliminatedcertainrolesbutgeneratednewones,oftenrequiringhigherskills.TheAIrevolution,however,isdistinctinitsspeedandscope.Unlikepreviousautomationtechnologiesthatprimarilyreplacedphysicallabor,AIhasthecapabilitytoperformcognitivetasks,rangingfrommedicaldiagnosistolegalanalysis.Thisshiftthreatensnotonlyblue-collarjobsbutalsowhite-collarprofessionspreviouslyconsideredsafefromautomation.Oneofthemostsignificantconcernsisthe"hollowingout"ofthelabormarket.Thisphenomenoninvolvesthedisappearanceofmiddle-skilljobs,leavingapolarizedworkforcecomprisinghighlyskilled,high-paidworkersandlow-skilled,low-paidserviceworkers.AsAIalgorithmsbecomemoreadeptathandlingroutinecognitivetasks,employeesinadministrative,clerical,andevenmid-levelmanagementrolesfaceprecariousfutures.Conversely,AIalsocreatesopportunities.ThereisagrowingdemandforAIethicists,datascientists,andprofessionalscapableofmanaginghuman-AIcollaboration.Furthermore,AIcanaugmenthumancapabilities,allowingworkerstofocusoncreativeandstrategicaspectsoftheirwork.Forinstance,doctorscanuseAItoanalyzemedicalimages,freeingthemtospendmoretimeonpatientcare.Tonavigatethistransition,arobustpolicyresponseisessential.ThisincludesinvestingineducationandretrainingprogramstoequiptheworkforcewithskillsrelevanttoanAI-driveneconomy.Lifelonglearningmustbecomethenorm,enablingworkerstoadapttochangingjobrequirements.Additionally,socialsafetynetsmayneedtobestrengthenedtosupportthosetemporarilydisplacedbytechnologicalchange.Ultimately,theimpactofAIonworkwillnotbepredetermined.Itwillbeshapedbythechoiceswemaketoday.Byfosteringacultureofadaptationandprioritizinginclusivegrowth,societycanharnessthebenefitsofAIwhilemitigatingitsdisruptiveeffects.46.Whatistheauthor'smainpurposeinwritingthistext?[A]TopraisetherapiddevelopmentofAItechnology.[B]TocompareAIwithprevioustechnologicalrevolutions.[C]ToanalyzethepotentialimpactofAIonthelabormarket.[D]ToargueagainsttheuseofAIinwhite-collarprofessions.47.Accordingtothetext,howistheAIrevolutiondifferentfromtheIndustrialRevolution?[A]Itfocusessolelyonphysicallaborreplacement.[B]Itcreatesfewerjobsthaniteliminates.[C]Itaffectscognitivetasksinadditiontophysicalones.[D]Itishappeningataslowerpace.48.Whatdoesthe"hollowingout"ofthelabormarketreferto?[A]Thecompletedisappearanceofmiddle-classworkers.[B]Thedeclineindemandforhigh-skilledworkers.[C]Thelossofmiddle-skilljobsleadingtoworkforcepolarization.[D]Theincreaseinlow-skilledagriculturaljobs.49.WhichofthefollowingismentionedasapotentialbenefitofAIintheworkplace?[A]Iteliminatestheneedforhumandoctors.[B]Itallowsworkerstofocusoncreativeandstrategictasks.[C]Itreducestheneedforeducationandtraining.[D]Itguaranteeshigherwagesforallemployees.50.Whatsolutiondoestheauthorsuggestfordealingwithjobdisplacement?[A]Implementingataxonrobots.[B]BanningtheuseofAIinadministrativeroles.[C]Providingeducationandretrainingprograms.[D]Focusingexclusivelyonblue-collarjobcreation.Text2Theconceptof"QuietQuitting"hasgarneredsignificantattentioninrecentmonths,particularlywithinthecontextofthepost-pandemicworkplace.Thetermdoesnotliterallymeanquittingone'sjob,butratherreferstothepracticeofdoingexactlywhatthejobdescriptionrequires—nomore,noless.Itisarejectionofthe"hustleculture"thatglorifiesoverworkandconstantavailability.Insteadofstayinglate,volunteeringforextraprojects,oransweringemailsonweekends,"quietquitters"drawfirmboundariesbetweentheirprofessionalandpersonallives.Whilesomemanagersviewthistrendasasignoflazinessoralackofengagement,proponentsarguethatitisarationalresponsetoburnoutandwagestagnation.Foryears,manyemployeeshavebeenexpectedtogoaboveandbeyondwithoutadditionalcompensationorrecognition.Theexhaustioncausedbythepandemichasledmanytoreevaluatetheirpriorities,placingahighervalueonmentalhealthandpersonaltime.Inthislight,quietquittingcanbeseenasaformofself-preservation.However,theimplicationsofthistrendfororganizationalproductivityandculturearecomplex.Ononehand,aworkforcethatiswell-restedandhasclearboundariesmaybemorefocusedandefficientduringworkinghours.Ontheotherhand,innovationoftenrequiresadegreeofdiscretionaryeffort—thewillingnesstoexperiment,collaboratespontaneously,andsolveproblemsoutsideone'sstrictremit.Ifasignificantportionoftheworkforceadoptsaquietquittingmindset,organizationsmaystruggletoadaptandinnovateinacompetitivemarket.Furthermore,thelabel"quietquitting"itselfmaybeproblematic.Itimpliesthatmeetingthestandardrequirementsofajobissomehowafailure.Thisperspectivecanbeexploitative,suggestingthatemployersareentitledtounpaidlabor.Ahealthierapproachmightinvolveredefiningexpectations.Organizationsshouldfocusonimprovingefficiencywithinstandardworkinghoursratherthanrelyingonunpaidovertimetoachievegoals.Ultimately,thequietquittingtrendisasymptomofadeepermisalignmentbetweenemployerexpectationsandemployeewell-being.Addressingthisissuerequiresadialogueonbothsides.Employersneedtoensurethatworkloadsaremanageableandthatcompensationreflectsthevalueemployeesbring.Employees,inturn,shouldcommunicatetheirboundariesclearlyandprofessionally.Byfindingabalance,organizationscanfosterasustainableworkenvironmentthatvaluesbothproductivityandpersonalwell-being.51.Whatisthedefinitionof"QuietQuitting"accordingtothetext?[A]Leavingajobwithoutgivingnotice.[B]Doingonlythebareminimumrequiredbythejob.[C]Refusingtoworkwithcolleagues.[D]Takingextendedbreaksduringworkhours.52.Whydosomeemployeeschooseto"quietquit"?[A]Theyareplanningtofindnewjobssoon.[B]Theywanttoprotestagainsttheirmanagersdirectly.[C]Theywanttoavoidburnoutandprioritizepersonaltime.[D]Theylackthenecessaryskillstodomorework.53.Howmightquietquittingnegativelyaffectanorganization?[A]Itcouldleadtoadecreaseinoperationalefficiency.[B]Itmightreducethecapacityforinnovationandadaptation.[C]Itcausesconflictsbetweendifferentdepartments.[D]Itincreasesthecostofhiringnewemployees.54.Whatistheauthor'sviewonthelabel"quietquitting"?[A]Itaccuratelydescribesalazyworkforce.[B]Itisaninappropriatetermformeetingjobrequirements.[C]Itshouldbeencouragedbyallemployees.[D]Itisasignofastrongeconomy.55.Whatdoestheauthorsuggestasasolutiontotheissue?[A]Firingemployeeswhodonotworkovertime.[B]Reducingthesalariesofthosewhoquietquit.[C]Redefiningexpectationsandimprovingcommunication.[D]Mandatinglongerworkinghoursforeveryone.Text3Intherealmofrenewableenergy,solarpowerhaslongbeenthefront-runner,celebratedforitsplummetingcostsandwidespreadaccessibility.However,astheworldseekstotransitiontoacarbon-neutralfuture,theintermittentnatureofsolarenergyposesasignificantchallenge.Thesundoesnotalwaysshine,especiallyatnightorduringcloudydays.Toaddressthis,researchersandcompaniesareincreasinglyturningtheirattentiontoenergystoragesolutions,withGreenHydrogenemergingasapromisingcontender.GreenHydrogenisproducedbyusingrenewableelectricitytosplitwaterintohydrogenandoxygenthroughaprocesscalledelectrolysis.Unlike"grey"or"blue"hydrogen,whicharederivedfromfossilfuels,GreenHydrogenproduceszerocarbonemissions.Onceproduced,thehydrogencanbestoredintanksorpipelinesforlongperiodsandusedlatertogenerateelectricityorfuelheavyindustriesthataredifficulttoelectrify,suchassteelmanufacturingandshipping.TheversatilityofGreenHydrogenmakesitapotential"SwissArmyknife"fortheenergytransition.Itcanbeusedinfuelcellsforvehicles,injectedintoexistinggasgridstoreducethecarbonintensityofheating,orusedasafeedstockforchemicalsandfertilizers.Thisflexibilityiscrucialfordecarbonizingsectorsoftheeconomythatbatteriescannoteasilyreach.Despiteitspotential,theGreenHydrogenindustryfacessubstantialhurdles.Currently,theproductionofGreenHydrogenisexpensivecomparedtofossilfuelalternatives.Theelectrolysisprocessrequiressignificantamountsofelectricity,andtheefficiencylossesduringconversion(electricitytohydrogenandbacktoelectricity)aresubstantial.Criticsarguethatusingrenewableelectricitydirectly—viathegridorbatteries—ismoreefficientthanconvertingittohydrogen.Nevertheless,governmentsandindustriesareinvestingheavily.TheEuropeanUnion,forexample,haslaidoutambitiousstrategiestoinstallgigawattsofelectrolyzersby2030.InDongguan,China,industrialparksareexploringpilotprojectstointegratehydrogenrefuelingstationswithlogisticsfleets.Thehopeisthatastechnologymaturesandscalesup,costswillfall,makingGreenHydrogenacommerciallyviablepillarofthegreeneconomy.Thedebatebetweendirectelectrificationandhydrogenutilizationislikelytocontinue.However,mostexpertsagreethatamixofbothwillbenecessarytoachievedeepdecarbonization.Whilebatterieswilldominatepassengervehiclesandshort-termstorage,hydrogenholdsthekeytounlockingafullyrenewableenergysystemforheavyindustryandlong-termenergysecurity.56.Whatistheprimarylimitationofsolarpowermentionedinthetext?[A]Itistooexpensivetoinstall.[B]Itisdependentonweatherandtimeofday.[C]Itrequirestoomuchlandspace.[D]Itdamagesthelocalecosystem.57.HowisGreenHydrogenproduced?[A]Byburningnaturalgas.[B]Bysplittingwaterusingrenewableelectricity.[C]Byextractingitfromtheground.[D]Byprocessingbiomass.58.WhatadvantagedoesGreenHydrogenhaveoverbatteriesaccordingtothetext?[A]Itislightertotransport.[B]Itischeapertoproduce.[C]Itcanstoreenergyforlongerperiodsanddecarbonizeheavyindustry.[D]Itismoreefficientinconvertingenergybacktoelectricity.59.WhyistheproductionofGreenHydrogencurrentlychallenging?[A]Thereisashortageofwater.[B]Thetechnologyisnotyetfullydeveloped.[C]Thecostishighandthereareenergyefficiencylosses.[D]Itproducesdangerousbyproducts.60.Whatistheauthor’sconclusionregardingthefutureofenergy?[A]Solarpowerwillbecomeobsolete.[B]Batterieswillcompletelyreplacehydrogen.[C]GreenHydrogenistheonlysolutionforclimatechange.[D]Acombinationofdirectelectrificationandhydrogenisneeded.PartBDirections:Readthefollowingtextfromwhichfivesentenceshavebeenremoved.ChoosefromthesentencesA-Gtheonewhichbestfitseachgap61-65.Therearetwoextrasentenceswhichyoudonotneedtouse.MarkyouranswersonANSWERSHEET1.Thepsychologicalimpactofremoteworkhasbeenasubjectofintensescrutinysincetheglobalpandemicforcedamassiveexperimentinworkingfromhome.Formany,theshiftofferedanewfoundsenseoffreedom,eliminatingthedailycommuteandallowingforamoreflexibleschedule.However,asthemonthsturnedintoyears,thedownsidesbegantoemerge.(61)_____Oneofthemostsignificantissuesistheblurringofboundariesbetweenprofessionalandpersonallife.Whenyourhomebecomesyouroffice,itcanbedifficultto"switchoff"attheendoftheday.(62)_____Thisconstantstateofbeing"on"canleadtochronicstressandburnout.Furthermore,thelackofface-to-faceinteractioncanresultinfeelingsofisolationandloneliness.Humansareinherentlysocialcreatures,andwhilevideocallshavebridgedthegaptosomeextent,theycannotfullyreplicatethenuancesofin-personcommunication.(63)_____Withoutthesespontaneousinteractions,employeesmayfeeldisconnectedfromtheircolleaguesandthecompanyculture.Anotherchallengeisthe"proximitybias"facedbyremoteworkers.Studiessuggestthatemployeeswhoarephysicallypresentintheofficeareoftenperceivedasmorededicatedandproductivethantheirremotecounterparts.(64)_____Thiscanmanifestinfewerpromotionsforremoteworkers,regardlessoftheiractualoutputorperformance.Ontheotherhand,remoteworkhasalsodemocratizedtheworkplaceinsomeways.Itallowsindividualswhomayhavephysicaldisabilities,caregivingresponsibilities,orliveinremotegeographiclocationstoparticipateintheworkforce.(65)_____Asorganizationsmovetowardhybridmodels,thegoalshouldbetocreateasystemthatcapturesthebenefitsofflexibilitywhilemitigatingthepsychologicalandprofessionalrisks.[A]Thephysicalseparationoftheofficeprovidedapsychologicalsignalthattheworkdaywasdone.[B]Thiscanleadtoasituationwhereremoteworkersareoverlookedforcareeradvancement.[C]Manyemployeesreportedfeelinghappierandmoresatisfiedwiththeirwork-lifebalance.[D]Informalconversationsbythewatercoolerorlunchbreaksareoftenwherebondsareformed.[E]Companiesthatfailtoadapttothisnewrealityrisklosingtoptalenttomoreflexiblecompetitors.[F]Itbecameclearthatwhileremoteworkofferedflexibility,italsointroducednewmentalhealthchallenges.[G]Thisinclusioncanleadtoamorediverseandtalentedworkforce,whichbenefitseveryone.PartCDirections:ReadthefollowingtextcarefullyandthentranslatetheunderlinedsegmentsintoChinese.YourtranslationshouldbewrittenclearlyonANSWERSHEET2.Theglobaleconomyisundergoingaprofoundtransformationdrivenbydigitalization,sustainabilityimperatives,andgeopoliticalshifts.(66)Thiseraofchangeisnotmerelyacontinuationofpasttrendsbutrepresentsafundamentalreshapingofhowvalueiscreated,distributed,andconsumed.Asindustriesadapttothesenewrealities,theconceptof"resilience"hastakencenterstage.(67)Inthepast,efficiencywastheholygrailofsupplychainmanagement,leadingtojust-in-timemanufacturingmodelsthatminimizedinventorycosts.However,therecentdisruptionscausedbypandemicsandtradeconflictshaveexposedthefragilityoftheseleansystems.(68)Consequently,businessesa