上海华东师范大学附属东昌中学高一下学期期中英语试题解析版

华东师范大学附属东昌中学2020学年度第二学期期中考试高一年级试卷时间:90分钟总分:100分I.Listeningcomprehension(20分每题1分)Directions:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconversationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.1.A.Athome.B.Inhisoffice.C.Atschool.D.Inthemeetingroom.2.A.Bossandsecretary.B.BrotherandsisterC.Teacherandstudent.D.Customerandshopassistant.3.A.Themanneedstobeupallnight.B.It’swiseofthemantostudyEnglish.CThemanshouldgetsomesleep.D.It’seasyforthemantostayuplate.4.A.Two.B.Three.C.Four.D.Six.5.A.Sheusedtobehealthier.B.Joggingdoesdogoodtoher.C.Shedidn'tlikeexercisebefore.D.Joggingisneverpartofherlife.6.A.Thewomaniswillingtoteachthemantousethemachine.B.Themandoesn'twanttobebotheredbythewoman.C.Theclerkshouldhavemademorecopies.D.Theclerkwon'tcomebacktomakeanycopies.7.A.HelikestoeatItalianfood.B.Hewishestopaythebill.C.Hewantstobetreatedthere.D.Heintendstopreparelunch.8.A.SheisstudyingFrenchinCanada.B.ShestayedinCanadafortwoweeks.C.SheisplanningtoreturntoCanada.D.ShespenttheSpringFestivalinCanada.9.A.Heprefersyellowtobrown.B.Hedoesn'tlikeeitherofthecolors.C.Hechoosesbothyellowandbrown.D.Hedoesn'tcaremuchaboutthechoice.10.A.Hiswifeoftencomplainsabouteverything.B.Hedidn'twanttocuthiswife'slonghair.C.Hiswifedidn'ttakehissensibleadviceD.Hereallylikeshiswife'snewhairstyle.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwopassagesandonelongerconversation.Aftereachpassageorconversation,youwillbeaskedseveralquestions.Thepassagesandconversationwillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11.A.Thefloorissmooth.B.Thestaircaseissteep.C.Thepassageisnarrow.D.Thehouseissmall12.A.Itdisturbsthelocalpeoplewithnoises.B.Itcausesthedamageonthepavement.C.Itstopspeopleandcarsmovingfreely.D.Itpreventspeoplefromwalkingeasily.13.A.Itispartoftheirlocalheritage.B.Itisanattractionoftourists.C.Itistherevival(复兴)ofmorals.D.ItisthemiracleofGod.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14.A.Lessthan30minutes.B.From30to45minutes.C.Atleast45minutes.D.Morethan45minutes.15.A.Heshouldshowrespectforthecandidates.B.Heshouldbeinterestedinthejob.C.Heshouldspeakbriefly.D.Heshouldbedressedproperly.16.A.Speakingconfidentlybutnotaggressively.B.Talkingseriouslytogivealastingimpression.C.Talkingalotaboutthejob.D.Speakingpolitelyandquickly.Questions17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.17.A.Computersalesconference.B.Aninterview.C.AnInternetmeeting.D.Abusinessmeeting.18.A.Sheusedtobeaprogrammer.B.Shewasanoperationandmaintenanceengineer.C.SheworkedasareceptionistD.Shewasawebsitedesigner.19.A.JavaisaWebpageauthoringprogram.B.Javaisakindofdrinks.C.Javaisacomputergamesoftware.D.Javaisveryeasytolearn.20.A.HewillcallMrs.Taylorinthenextfewdays.B.Hewilltalkovertheirdiscussionwithothers.C.Hewillnotcontactherforfurtherconsideration.D.Hewillemployheratonce.II.GrammarandvocabularySectionAGrammar(20分每题1分)Multiplechoice:1.Withthepopulation________atanalarmingrate,expertsareamazedthattherearesomanypeopleontheplanet,and________thattherewillbetenbillionofusbeforetheendofthiscentury.A.isincreasing,predict B.increasing,predictingC.increasing,predict D.tobeincreasing,predicted【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查现在分词和一般现在时。句意:随着人口以惊人的速度增长,专家们对地球上的人口如此之多感到惊讶,并预测到本世纪末地球人口将达到100亿。在"with+宾语+宾补"结构中,increase和population构成主动关系,应用现在分词形式。动词predict和谓语are之间有连词and,所以应用谓语形式。根据"expertsareamazed"可知,此处应用一般现在时。故选C。2.Inthepast,travellersfromEuropetoIndonesia________monthsatsea,butnowwejusthavetositonaplaneforafewhours,soinsomewaystheplanetseemsto________.A.havespent,getsmaller B.spent,begettingsmallerC.hadspent,getsmaller D.wouldspent,begettingsmall【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查一般过去时、非谓语动词和比较级。句意:过去,从欧洲到印度尼西亚的旅行者要在海上度过几个月,但现在我们只需要在飞机上坐上几个小时,所以从某些方面来说,地球似乎越来越小了。根据"Inthepast"可知,第一个空格应用一般过去时。根据"butnowwejusthavetositonaplaneforafewhours"可知,此处是指现在与过去相比,地球似乎越来越小了。seemtobedoing意为"似乎正在做某事",此处使用todo不定式的进行式表示正在进行。表示"越来越小"应用形容词比较级smaller。故选B。3.Infact,peoplefromdifferentcontinentspreferto________thediversityofproducts________byvariouscompanies.A.enjoying,made B.enjoying,makingC.enjoy,making D.enjoy,made【答案】D【解析】【分析】【详解】考查固定短语和非谓语动词。句意:事实上,来自不同大陆的人们更喜欢享受不同公司生产的产品的多样性。第一空为短语prefertodosth.,表示"更喜欢做某事";第二空make在句中应用非谓语动词形式,与逻辑主语thediversityofproducts构成被动关系,故应用过去分词作定语。故选D。4.InMyanmar,thepopulationnowhasbecome________thatin1971.A.twiceasbigas B.astwicebigasC.asbigtwiceas D.asbigastwice【答案】A【解析】【分析】【详解】考查倍数表达。句意:在缅甸,现在的人口已经是1971年的两倍。此处为"A+be+倍数+as+形容词/副词的原级＋as…"倍数表达,表示"……是……的几倍"。故选A。5.“________survivethetigerattack."thelittleboythoughttohimself.A.Iamnotpossibleto B.ItislikelythatIwillnotC.Itislikelytonot D.Ipossiblydon’t【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查likely的用法和it做形式主语。句意:小男孩心想:"我很可能在老虎的袭击中活不下来"。likely的用法为"Itislikelythat..."和"sbbelikelytodosth"。possible一般不用表示人的词作主语,但若真的要用表示人的词作主语,possible后接不定式,构成"Itispossible(forsb)todosth"。副词是用来修饰动词的,一般放在情态动词、be动词和助动词之后,实义动词之前。综合以上分析。故选B项。6.________byArunwithanumberofcustomers,theideaofdevelopingsolar-powerbatteriesforpeopleinIndiawouldworkdefinitely.A.Beingtested B.HavingbeentestedC.Havingtested D.Tobetested【答案】B【解析】【分析】【详解】考查非谓语动词。句意:经过阿伦和一些客户的测试,为印度人开发太阳能电池的想法肯定会成功。分析句子结构可知,"_______byArunwithanumberofcustomers"作状语,应用非谓语,结合句意,"test(测试)"在谓语动作"wouldwork"之前发生,所以应用完成式形式;该词"test"和主语"theideaofdevelopingsolar-powerbatteriesforpeopleinIndia"为被动关系,所以应用被动形式。综上,应用现在分词完成时被动形式作状语,故填Havingbeentested,故选B。7.Theoldman,who________intherope,sawthefishingspear________intotheshark’shead.A.waswrapping,threw B.wrapped,beingthrownC.waswrapped,thrown D.wrapping,throw【答案】C【解析】【分析】【详解】考查动词时态语态和非谓语。句意:被绳子缠住的老人看到鱼叉被扎进鲨鱼的脑袋里。第一空为非限制性定语从句修饰先行词Theoldman,先行词在从句中作主语,与逻辑主语构成被动关系,根据后文saw可知用一般过去时的被动语态;第二空为"see+宾语+宾补"结构,thefishingspear与throw构成被动关系,故用过去分词作宾补。故选C。8.Aftermonthsofresearchtherewaslittlehope________thelostcarmightbefound.A.when B.whereC.which D.that【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查同位语从句。句意:经过几个月的调查,找到那辆丢失的汽车的希望不大。"thelostcarmightbefound"是对名词hope的解释说明,所以为hope的同位语从句。从句中不缺少成分和意义,所以应用that引导。故选D。9.Whenthequestionsonmymind________,Idon’tdoubt________I’vedoneagoodjob.A.getsanswered,that B.getanswering,whetherC.getanswered,that D.getsanswering,whether【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查"getdone"结构、主谓一致和宾语从句连接词。句意:当我脑子里的问题得到回答时,我肯定我做得很好。分析句子可知,when引导的从句为一般现在时,主语为thequestions,与answer为被动关系,故用"get+过去分词"表示被动,谓语动词用复数。第二个空要填宾语从句的连接词,don’tdoubt后的连接词用that,故选C项。10.Youcan'timagine________whentheyreceivedtheseniceChristmaspresents.A.howtheywereexcited B.howexcitedtheywereC.howexcitedwerethey D.theywerehowexcited【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查宾语从句。句意:你想象不出当他们收到这些好的圣诞礼物的时候他们是多么的高兴。imagine后接宾语从句。这里how引导的是感叹句作宾语,how+形容词+主语+谓语,excited是形容词,是被感叹的词,故选B。Directions:Afterreadingthepassagebelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagecoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword.Fillineachblankwiththeproperformofthegivenword;fortheotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.A"GrowthMindset"CanLeadtoSuccessThemostsuccessfulpeoplearefondoftellingusabouttheirpassionfortheirprofessions.Andpassionhasbeenbelievedtobeessentialtonotonlytheirsuccess,butalsotheirhappiness.Unfortunately,____11____somepeoplehaveaclear"calling"fromayoungage,manystillleaveeducationwithoutknowingtheirvocationinlife.Theymayspendtheirwholelifewithouthavingeverdiscoveredacareerthattruly____12____(interest)them.Inthepasttenyears,theresearcher____13____(demonstrate)thatsomepeopletendtoseetheirabilitiesas"fixed"—theybelievethattheyareeitherbornwithatalentforsomethingortheydon’thaveitcompletely.Whatcantheydo?SomeanswerscomefromtheworkofPaulO’Keefe.Inhismindsettheory,themostbasicfoundationofpassionishavinganintenseinterestin____14____you’redoing.Meanwhile,peoplealsohavethecapacitytocultivatenewinterestsoutsidetheirnormalfields.____15____(consider)artsstudentslookingatapieceaboutscience,or"techy"studentsreadinganarticleonliterarycriticism(文学评论).____16____thestudentshaveverylittleinitialcuriosityaboutthesubject,withthegrowthmindset,theywillchangetheirratingsoftheinterestinthatnewsubjectafterreadingthepiece.Inaddition,aperson’smindsetcanalsodeterminehowlongtheywouldbeinterestedinmoredifficultcontentand____17____theywouldplantodealwiththecontentornot.Inoneexperiment,after____18____(show)avideoaboutblackholes,peoplehadtoreadachallengingacademicpaperonthesubject.Thepeoplewiththegrowthmindsetmaintainedtheirinterest:theywere_____19_____(willing)toknowabouttheblackholesdespitethedifficultiesofgraspingthetechnicalmaterial.Bycontrast,theflameofinterestquicklyburntoutinthosewiththefixedmindset.“Withinthespanofsevenminutestheywentfromsaying‘thisisfascinating’______20______saying‘no,I’mdone,’"saysO’Keefe.【答案】11.while/although/though12.interests13.hasdemonstrated14.whatever/what15.Consider16.Evenif/though17.whether18.beingshown19.morewilling20.to【解析】【分析】这是一篇说明文。短文介绍了"成长型思维"可以助人成功。【11题详解】考查连词。句意:不幸的是,尽管有些人从小就有一个明确的"使命",但许多人还是在不知道自己的职业的情况下放弃了教育。分析句意可知,本句为让步状语从句,表示"尽管"。故填while/although/though。【12题详解】考查时态。句意:他们可能一辈子都没有找到真正让自己感兴趣的职业。acareer为先行词,作定语从句的主语,定语从句在陈述一个事实,所以用一般现在时,主语that指代单数名词,谓语动词使用第三人称单数形式。故填interests。【13题详解】考查时态。句意:在过去的十年里,研究人员已经证明,有些人倾向于把自己的能力视为"固定的"——他们认为自己要么天生就有某种天赋,要么根本就没有这种天赋。根据"Inthepasttenyears"可知,本句为现在完成时,主语为theresearcher,助动词用has。故填hasdemonstrated。【14题详解】考查连接词。句意:在他的心态理论中,激情的最基本的基础是对你正在做的事情产生强烈的兴趣。in后接宾语从句,从句缺少主语,再结合句意可知,空处填连接词whatever/what。故填whatever/what。【15题详解】考查祈使句。句意:思考一下正在看一篇关于科学的文章的文科学生,或者读一篇关于文学批评的文章的"技术"学生。分析句子结构和句意可知,本句为祈使句的肯定形式。置于句首,首字母大写。故填Consider。【16题详解】考查连词。句意:即使学生一开始对这门学科没有什么好奇心,但伴随着成长型思维,他们在阅读这篇文章后会改变对这门新学科兴趣的评级。分析句意可知,本句为让步状语从句,表示"即使,尽管"。故填Evenif/though。【17题详解】考查连接词。句意:此外,一个人的心态也可以决定他们对更困难的内容感兴趣的时间能有多长,以及他们是否计划处理这些内容。determine后接两个并列的句子作宾语,根据句意和"ornot"可知,空处填whether"是否"。故填whether。【18题详解】考查动名词。句意:在一个实验中,在播放了一段关于黑洞的视频后,人们必须阅读一篇关于这个主题的具有挑战性的学术论文。after为介词后接动名词,且people与show在逻辑上是被动关系。故填beingshown。【19题详解】考查形容词比较级。句意:具有成长思维的人保持着他们的兴趣:尽管很难掌握技术资料,但他们更愿意了解黑洞。根据句意表示"他们更愿意了解黑洞",所以空处填比较级morewilling。故填morewilling。【20题详解】考查介词。句意:奥基夫说:"在七分钟的时间里,他们从说"这很有趣"变成了说"不,我看不懂"。from…to…"从……到……"为固定短语。故填to。SectionBVocabulary(9分每题1分）Directions:Completethefollowingpassageswiththewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonceandcanbecapitalized.Thereisoneextrawordwhichyoudon’tneed.AreYouReadyforYour15Minutes(orMore)ofFame?A.respondB.typicallyC.minorityD.quoteE.qualityF.postedG.purposefulH.achieveI.eventuallyJaccidentalCHENGYUNFUhasbeenquietlymakingnoodlesinhissmallShandongvillageforthepastfifteenyears.Duringthattimehehasn’traisedtheprice;it’sstill3yuanabowl.However,someone____21____avideoonlineaboutChengandhischeapnoodlesand,overnight,the39-year-oldmanbecameaninternetcelebrity.Thousandsofpeoplehavevisitedthevillage,someofthemhavingtraveledforhundredsofmiles,justtomeetChengandeathisnoodles."Inthefuture,everyonewillbeworld-famousfor15minutes."Thiscelebrated____22____appearedina1968exhibitionofAmericanartistAndyWarhol’sworkinStockholm.Thispredictionhas,inmanyrespects,cometrueinanerawhentherearesomanychannelsbywhichanindividualmight____23____fame(althoughitisthetypeoffamewhichmaynotendureforverylong).Youcouldbeonepostawayfrombecomingthenextcelebrity.Sometimesthisfamecanopendoorstootheropportunities,butsometimesitcanbecruelandfrightening.UnlikeChengandhis____24____fame,morepeopleareusingonlineplatformssuchasWeiboandBilibilitobecome"intentional"celebrities.Someofthem,suchasPapiandLiZiqi,havebecomeinternetsensations(引起轰动的人).Thesetwocelebrities,alongsideotherhouseholdnames,areconsideredKOLs(keyopinionleaders).AKOLis____25____apersonwhohas"expertproductknowledgeandinfluenceinaparticularfield."Heorsheis"trustedbyrelevantgroups"andhas"asignificanteffectonconsumerbehavior."Whenitcomestointernetcelebrity,PapiandLiZiqiareonlyinthe____26____assuccessismuchhardertoachievethanitwouldappearatfirstglance.BeingaKOLseemstobefunandeasy,butit’sactuallyhardwork.Youhavetobeknowledgeableandinteresting,andbeabletohavetomake____27____videosandpostnewonesregularly.Inotherwords,noteveryoneisqualifiedtodothisjob.Thereisalsotheproblemoflosingyourprivacyandfacingcriticismfromyourfans.Thosewhofollowinternetcelebritiesmaycometobelievetheyareyourclosestfriendsandgetangrywhenyoudon’t____28____totheircommentsoremails.Asonecelebritysaid,“Yourfanswillloveyouuntiltheykillyou."WhenChengbecameacelebrity,hewasfrightenedbyalltheattentionhewasreceivingandhidinhishomeforaweek.But____29____,hecametoaccepthisinstantfame.Buthewillprobablybehappierwhenhiscelebritystatusdiesdownandenableshim,nottobecomeaninfluencer,buttoreturntothequietlifeofsellinghischeapanddeliciousnoodlestohisneighbors.【答案】21.F22.D23.H24.J25.B26.C27.E28.A29.I【解析】【分析】这是一篇夹叙夹议文。文章通过对程云福的偶然的网络走红的记述,对网络走红的优势和弊端以及网络走红的条件等进行了讨论。【21题详解】考查动词和一般过去时。句意:然而,有人在网上发布了一段关于程云福和他的廉价面条的视频,一夜之间,这位39岁的男子成为了网红。根据"the39-year-oldmanbecameaninternetcelebrity"可知,此处应用一般过去时。根据"avideoonline"可知,此处是指有人在网上发布了一段关于程云福和他的廉价面条的视频。动词post意为"发布"。故选F。【22题详解】考查名词。句意:这句著名的名言出现在1968年在斯德哥尔摩举行的美国艺术家安迪·沃霍尔作品展览上。根据"Inthefuture,everyonewillbeworld-famousfor15minutes."(在未来,每个人都将出名15分钟。)可知,此处是指"名言",所以应用名词quote作主语。故选D。【23题详解】考查动词和情态动词用法。句意:在一个人可以通过多种渠道获得名望(尽管这种名望可能不会持续很长时间)的时代,从很多方面来说,这个预测已经成为现实。根据"althoughitisthetypeoffamewhichmaynotendureforverylong"可知,此处是指个人可以通过多种渠道获得名望。动词achieve意为"获得",在情态动词might后应用原形。故选H。【24题详解】考查形容词。句意:与程云福偶然成名不同,越来越多的人通过微博、哔哩哔哩等网络平台成为"有意"名人。根据unlike和intentional可知,此处是指程云福的偶然成名。所以应用形容词accidental表示"偶然的"作定语修饰名词fame。故选J。【25题详解】考查副词。句意:KOL通常是"在特定领域拥有专业产品知识和影响力"的人。根据后文"Heorsheis"trustedbyrelevantgroups"andhas"asignificanteffectonconsumerbehavior.""(他或她"受到相关群体的信任","对消费者行为有显著影响"。)可知,此处是指KOL通常是"在特定领域拥有专业产品知识和影响力"的人。所以应用副词typically表示"通常"修饰be动词作状语。故选B。【26题详解】考查名词。句意:说到网红,Papi酱和李子柒只是少数,因为成功比乍看起来要难得多。根据"assuccessismuchhardertoachievethanitwouldappearatfirstglance"可知,Papi酱和李子柒只是少数。所以应用名词minority表示"少数"作介词in的宾语。故选C。【27题详解】考查形容词。句意:你必须知识渊博和有趣,并有能力制作高质量的视频,并定期发布新的。根据"Youhavetobeknowledgeableandinteresting"可知,此处是指有能力制作高质量的视频,所以应用形容词quality表示"高品质的"作定语修饰名词videos。故选E。【28题详解】考查动词和助动词的用法。句意:那些关注网红的人可能会认为他们是你最亲密的朋友,当你不回复他们的评论或邮件时,他们会生气。根据"totheircommentsoremails"可知,此处是指不回复他们的评论或邮件。所以应用动词respond表示"回复",和don’t一起构成从句的谓语,在助动词do后用动词原形。故选A。【29题详解】考查副词。句意:但最终,他开始接受自己的名声。根据"hewasfrightenedbyalltheattentionhewasreceivingandhidinhishomeforaweek"(他被人们对他的关注吓坏了,在家里躲了一个星期)可知,此处是指但最终他开始接受自己的名声。所以应用副词eventually表示"最终"修饰句子作状语。故选I。III.ReadingcomprehensionSectionADirections:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Placebos(安慰剂)ProvePowerfulManydoctorsknowthestoryof"Mr.Wright".In1957hewasdiagnosedwithcancer,andgivenonlydaystolive.Hehadtumours(肿瘤)thesizeoforanges.Heheardthatscientistshaddiscoveredanewmedication,Krebiozen,thatwas___30___againstcancer,andhebeggedthedoctortogiveittohim.Hisphysician,DrPhillipWest,finallyagreed.AfterMr.WrighthadbeengivenaninjectiononaFridayafternoon,the___31___doctorfoundhispatientoutofhis"deathbed",jokingwiththenursesthefollowingMonday."Thetumours",thedoctorwrotelater,"had___32___likesnowballsonahotstove."Twomonthslater,Wrightreadmedicalreportsthatthemedicationwasfake.Hisconditionimmediatelygotworseagain.“Don’t___33___whatyoureadinpapers,"thedoctortoldWright.Thenheinjectedhimwithwhathesaidwas“anewsuper-refineddoublestrength"versionofthedrug.___34___,therewasnodrug,justamixofsaltandwater,butagainitworked.WrightwasthepictureofhealthforanothertwomonthsuntilhereadanofficialreportsayingthatKrebiozenwas___35___.Hediedtwodayslater.Thisstoryhasbeen___36___bydoctorsforalongtime,dismissedasoneofthosestrangetalesthatmedicinecannotexplain.Theideathatapatient’s___37___canmakeafataldiseasegoawayhasbeenthoughtofastoostrange.Butnowscientistsarediscoveringthattheplaceboeffectismorepowerfulthananyonehadeverthought.Theyarealsobeginningtodiscoverhowsuchmiraculousresultsare___38___.Throughnewtechniquesofbrainimagery,itcanbeshownthatathought,abelieforadesirecancausechemicalprocessesinthebrainwhichcanhavepowerfuleffectsonthe____39____.Scientistsarelearningthatsomebodyreactionsarenotcausedbyinformationcomingintothebrainfromtheoutsideworld,butbywhatthebrain____40____tohappennext.Placebosare"liesthat____41____,"saidDrAnneHarrington,ahistorianofscienceatHarvardUniversity."ThewordplaceboisLatinfor"Ishallplease"(orIshallmakeyouhappy)anditistypicallyatreatmentthatadoctorgivesto____42____patientstopleasethem,"shesaid."Itlookslikemedication,buthasnohealingingredientswhatsoever."Nowadays,doctorshavemuchmorepowerfulmedicinestofightdisease.Butthesetreatmentshavenotdiminished(减弱)thepoweroftheplacebo,quitethe____43____.Maybewhenscientistsfullyunderstandhowplaceboswork,thepowerfulhealingeffectsofthehuman____44____willbeusedmoresystematically!30.A.vague B.unique C.effective D.impossible31.A.astonished B.disappointed C.exhausted D.experienced32.A.expanded B.melted C.accumulated D.moved33.A.takedown B.lookfor C.makeout D.careabout34.A.Actually B.Moreover C.Meanwhile D.Consequently35.A.beneficial B.popular C.worthless D.available36.A.studied B.ignored C.invented D.spread37A.struggles B.promises C.rights D.beliefs38.A.achieved B.neglected C.emphasized D.mixed39.A.brain B.doctor C.body D.process40.A.advises B.expects C.instructs D.forbids41.A.heal B.hurt C.exist D.fade42.A.optimistic B.careful C.peculiar D.anxious43.A.point B.opposite C.time D.adventure44.A.relation B.strength C.being D.mind【答案】30.C31.A32.B33.D34.A35.C36.B37.D38.A39.C40.B41.A42.D43.B44.D【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。通过Wright先生的故事,说明了安慰剂虽没有治疗成分,但有强大作用。这主要是和大脑会预期发生什么事有关。【30题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:他听说科学家们发现了一种新的药物——克氏菌素(Krebiozen),可以有效地治疗癌症,于是他请求医生给他服用。A.vague模糊的;B.unique独特的;C.effective有效的;D.impossible不可能的。根据后文中,他听说此药物无效后病情恶化,可知,此处是听说药物对病情有效,所以才请求服用的。故选C。【31题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:医生惊讶地发现他的病人已经从"死亡之床"上爬了起来。A.astonished吃惊的;B.disappointed失望的;C.exhausted筋疲力尽的;D.experienced熟练的。Wright先生从"死亡之床"上爬起来,可知医生应该是非常的惊讶。故选A。【32题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:像滚烫的火炉上的雪球一样融化了。A.expanded扩大;B.melted融化;C.accumulated积累;D.moved移动。根据常识可知,雪球在火炉上会融化。故选B。【33题详解】考查动词短语。句意:不要在意你在报告上读到什么。A.takedown记下;B.lookfor寻找;C.makeout理解;D.careabout在意。Wright先生在医学报告上看见其实那个药物没有效果,病情恶化,此处医生应该是说不要在意报告上的话。故选D。【34题详解】考查副词。句意:事实上,没有药物,只有盐和水的混合物,但它又起作用了。A.Actually事实上;B.Moreover而且;C.Meanwhile同时;D.Consequently因此。医生说那是一种新的超精炼的双倍强度的药物,但"实际上"它并没有药效。故选A。【35题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:Wright的健康状况又持续了两个月,直到他读到一份官方报告,说Krebiozen毫无价值。A.beneficial有益的;B.popular流行的;C.worthless无价值的;D.available可获得的。Wright看到报告后两天就去世了,可知他看到的应该是不好的消息,则Krebiozen是毫无价值的。故选C。【36题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:这个故事长期以来一直被医生们忽视,被认为是医学无法解释的奇闻异事之一。A.studied研究;B.ignored忽视;C.invented发明;D.spread伸展。这个现象无法解释,而且很奇怪;直到后来科学家发现安慰剂作用真的很强大,也开始去探究它们为什么有那么大的功效。可知,这个无法解释的问题以前一直被忽视,后来科学家才探究它。故选B。【37题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:认为病人的信念可以使绝症消失的想法一直被认为太奇怪了。A.struggles斗争;B.promises约定;C.rights权利;D.beliefs信念。安慰剂没有治疗作用,病人们的好转只能是因为他们的信念,故选D。【38题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:他们也开始去发现这些神奇的结果是如何被实现的。A.achieved完成,实现;B.neglected忽视;C.emphasized强调;D.mixed混合。根据后文可知,此处说的是科学家们去探究安慰剂是如何实现有治疗作用的,即那些结果是怎样被实现的。故选A。【39题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:通过大脑成像的新技术,可以证明,一个想法、一个信念或一个愿望可以引起大脑中的化学过程,对身体有强大的影响。A.brain头脑;B.doctor医生;C.body身体;D.process过程。根据上文可知,人的信念、想法对身体状况有很大影响,故此处说的是这些想法引起大脑中的化学过程,对身体有着很大影响。故选C。【40题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:而是由大脑预期接下来会发生什么引起的。A.advises建议;B.expects预料;C.instructs命令;D.forbids禁止。空前说的是一些身体反应不是由外界信息进入大脑引起的,而根据空后的happennext,故此处是说大脑对接下来会发生什么进行预期。故选B。【41题详解】考查动词词义辨析。句意:安慰剂是"可以治愈的谎言"。A.heal治愈;B.hurt使疼痛;C.exist生存;D.fade逐渐消失。安慰剂虽没有治疗作用,但却可以让病人们好转,所以安慰剂是有治愈作用却是谎言一般的存在。故选A。【42题详解】考查形容词词义辨析。句意:它通常是医生为了让焦虑的病人高兴而给他们的一种治疗。A.optimistic乐观的;B.careful仔细的;C.peculiar罕见的;D.anxious焦虑的。根据前面提到,安慰剂这个词在拉丁语里的意思是"我会让你高兴",可知它应该是为了让"焦虑的"病人高兴起来。故选D。【43题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:但这些治疗并没有削弱安慰剂的作用,恰恰相反。A.point要点;B.opposite对立面;C.time时间;D.adventure冒险。quitetheopposite恰恰相反。治疗没有削弱安慰剂的作用,反而更有助于病情好转,此处指情况正好相反。故选B。【44题详解】考查名词词义辨析。句意:人类大脑强大的治愈作用将会被更系统地使用!A.relation关系;B.strength力量;C.being存在;D.mind大脑。根据上文可知,安慰剂本身没有治疗作用,身体好转是人类大脑的原因,故此处说的是人类"大脑"强大的治愈作用。故选D。SectionB(10分每题1分）Directions:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralquestionsorunfinishedstatements.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)"Runners,toyourmark,Getset…"Bang!AndIwasoff,alongwithabunchofotherteenagecross-countryrunnersfromhighschoolsacrossthecounty.Thedaywaslikeanyotherfair-weatherautumndayinMaryland.Buttheracethatdayfeltuniquefromtheget-go.Foronething,Ilikedthecourse.Itwasmyteam’shomecourse,oneIwasusedtorunningduringpractices.Ittookrunnersalonganareaoflandthatincludedopenfields,hillsandevenwindingdirtpathsthroughasmallforest.Itwasabeautiful5-kilometercourse.Thisparticularracewasourteam’sinvite,andIwasproudtobesharingthecoursewithcompetitorsfromotherschools.Italsomeantalot―morethannormalthatmyparentsweretheretocheermeon.Withsomuchtoexpectthatday,Iwasreadytorun!AndIdidn’twanttobestuckwiththepackofotherrunners,asistypicalatthebeginningofmostcross-countryraces.Sowhenthegunsounded,Itookoffrunning,leavingeveryoneelseinthedust.Thefirstpartofourcoursefollowedtheoutsideedgeofalargeopenfieldbeforedisappearingintotheforest.Withinsecondsofthestart,Iwasfaraheadofeveryone,andallofthefanscouldseeit.Itfeltmagnificent.Butthatfeelingdidn’tlastlong.LittledidIknowmycoachwaslaughingtohimself,thinking,"Gabeisdonefor!"AndIwas.Mybodywastellingmetoslowdown.Mypride,however,said"No!Notuntilyou’reoutofsightofthespectators!"Iwasinagony,butIkeptupmypaceuntilIreachedtheforest.Onceinamongthetrees.Islowedwaydown.Ienjoyedmostraces,evenwhilepushingmyself,butthisonewasnotenjoyableintheleast.Ifinishedtherace,butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI’dpacedmyselfwellfromthebeginning.EverytimeIreflectonthatcross-countryseason,I’mremindedofsomething:Prideisnosubstituteforpace.45.Whatisspecialtotheauthorabouttherace?A.Theweatherconditionwasgoodforrunners.B.Hewasfamiliarwiththehomecourse.C.Hetookprideincompetitorsfromotherschools.D.Hisparentscametosupporthimasusual.46.Theunderlinedword"agony"(paragraph4)mostprobablymeans________.A.suffering B.comfort C.relief D.contest47Whatresultoftheracecanbeconcludedabouttheauthorfromthepassage?A.Helefteveryonebehindandtookthefirstplace.B.Hetooktheleadfirstanddisappearedamongtrees.C.Hewontheraceunderthepressureofhiscoach.D.Hefinishedtheracebutfailedtoreachhisrecord.【答案】45.B46.A47.D【解析】【分析】这是一篇记叙文。作者在参加一次跑步比赛时,由于想把对手们甩在后面,因此打乱了自己的比赛节奏,最终的比赛结果不尽人意。通过反思这次经历,作者悟出了一个道理:骄傲不能代替节奏。【45题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中的"Buttheracethatdayfeltuniquefromtheget-go.Foronething,Ilikedthecourse.Itwasmyteam’shomecourse,oneIwasusedtorunningduringpractices.(但是那天的比赛从一开始就给人一种独特的感觉。首先,我喜欢这门课。这是我的球队的主场,也是我在训练时习惯跑的)"可知,作者对主场很熟悉。故选B。【46题详解】词义猜测题。根据上文"Mybodywastellingmetoslowdown.Mypride,however,said"No!Notuntilyou’reoutofsightofthespectators!(我的身体告诉我要慢下来。然而,我的自尊心却说:"不行!除非你离开观众的视线!)"可知,作者想要放慢速度,但是自尊心告诉自己不能慢下来,由此可推知,划线词所在句子意为我很痛苦,但我还是保持着前进的步伐,一直走到了森林里。agony的意思是"痛苦"。故选A。【47题详解】推理判断题。根据文章最后一段"Ifinishedtherace,butinnowherenearthetimeIcouldhaveifI’dpacedmyselfwellfromthebeginning..(我完成了比赛,但如果我从一开始就控制好自己的节奏,我可能会达到记录)"可知,他完成了比赛,但没有达到他的纪录。故选D。(B)TVVOICEPRO