时文阅读练习：变废为宝打造“无废城市”

难度：3星（高二）主题语境：人与社会-历史社会与文化-社会热点变废为宝，打造“无废城市”WangAifendropswasteintoasmartbin,andherphoneimmediatelyreceivesamessage:"Yourdisposal(丢弃)hasbeenrecorded."Thenthetrashbeginsitsdigitaljourney,trackedallthewaytoawaste-to-energyplantinHangzhou,atechhubineastChina'sZhejiangProvince.Inthepast,wastemanagementoperatorshadtomanuallymonitorroaringfurnaces(熔炉),atiringandimprecisetask.Today,theyuseAIandtemperaturesensorstoguidetheincineration(焚烧)inrealtime,boostingefficiencyandsignificantlyreducingharmfulemissions."It'satransformation,"saidZhengRendong,aformerlandfillengineer.Hehaswitnessedtherevolutionofturninggarbageintoenergyforhomes,gasfordailyuse,andrawmaterialsthatreturntoproductionlines.Hangzhouhasbeenselectedasoneofthe"20CitiesTowardsZeroWaste"bytheUnitedNations.Thecityoperatesasmartrecyclingnetworkforhouseholdwaste,wheredatafromeverystage—fromcollectiontoprocessing—istracedinrealtime.Residentsareencouragedtoplaceusedcartons,bottles,andotherrecyclablesintodedicatedcollectionbagsandscheduleapickuponline.Collectorsarriveontime,scantheitems,anduploadthedata,allowingresidentstoinstantlyearneco-pointsthatcanbeexchangedforgoods.Hangzhouoncestruggledwithhugeamountsofwasteandinsufficientprocessingcapacities.In2013,itgeneratedover3milliontonnesofhouseholdwaste.Theturningpointcamein2018whenamoderneco-industrialparkwasbuilt.By2020,thefacilitywasabletoprocess2milliontonnesofhouseholdwasteannually,generatingover1billionkilowatt-hoursofelectricityandtransformingtheresultingslagintoeco-friendlyconstructionmaterials.Stepbystep,wastehasbeentransformedfromaburdenintoadriverofacompletecirculareconomy.Asaresult,71.8%ofthecity'shouseholdwasteisrecycledandover98%ofgeneralindustrialsolidwastehasbecomeuseful.From"zero-waste"classroomstovillagesturningkitchenwasteintofertilizer,greenhabitsarebecomingpartofeverydaylife.However,truetransformationrequirespublicbuy-in,whichisoftenthehardestpart.Engagingeveryoneinlow-carboncircularpracticesisnosimpletask.Itrequirespersistent,jointefforts.1.WhatcanwelearnaboutthecurrentwastemanagementinHangzhou?A.Thesmartbincansortwasteautomatically.B.Theentireprocessistrackedbytechnology.C.Residentsneedtouploadthedataoftheirwaste.D.Workershavetoguidetheincinerationinrealtime.2.HowdoesHangzhouencourageresidentstoparticipateinwasterecycling?A.Byprovidingfreecollectionbags.B.Byofferingdirectfinancialrewards.C.Byreducingtheirtrashcollectionfee.D.Bygivingthemeco-pointsforgoods.3.Whatdonumbersinparagraph4mainlyindicate?A.Hangzhou'sprogressinwastemanagement.B.Theenergyconsumptioninrecyclingwaste.C.ProblemsofwastetreatmentinHangzhou.D.Thecostofbuildingtheeco-industrialpark.4.Whatiscrucialforasuccessful"greenshift"accordingtothelastparagraph?A.Strictregulation.B.Economicsupport.C.Publicparticipation.D.Advancedtechnology.变废为宝，打造“无废城市”解题思路：细节理解题。根据第一段内容及第二段中的“Inthepast,wastemanagement…efficiencyandsignificantlyreducingharmfulemissions.”可知，WangAifen把垃圾扔进智能垃圾桶，她的手机立刻收到一条消息：“您的丢弃已被记录。”随后，这些垃圾便踏上了它们的数字化旅程，一路被追踪到杭州的一座垃圾焚烧发电厂。杭州是中国东部浙江省的一个科技中心。过去，垃圾处理运营人员必须手动监控轰鸣的熔炉，这是一项极其辛苦且不精确的任务。如今，他们使用人工智能和温度传感器实时指导焚烧过程，既提高了效率，又大幅减少了有害气体的排放。由此可知，杭州当前的垃圾管理全过程都有技术进行追踪。故选B项。2.D解题思路：细节理解题。根据第三段中的"Residentsareencouragedto…beexchangedforgoods."可知，居民被鼓励将废旧纸箱、瓶子以及其他可回收物装入专用收集袋，并在线上预约上门回收。回收员会准时抵达，扫描物品并上传数据，居民即刻获得可用于兑换商品的环保积分。故选D项。解题思路：推理判断题。根据第四段内容可知，杭州曾一度面临垃圾量大、处理能力不足的困境。2013年，全市生活垃圾超300万吨。转折点出现在2018年，当时一个现代化的生态产业园建成。到2020年，产业园的设施年处理家庭垃圾200万吨，发电超10亿千瓦时并将产生的炉渣转化为环保建筑材料。一步步地，垃圾已从负担转变为完整循环经济的驱动力。正因如此，该市71.8%的家庭垃圾被回