2026年江西省苏教版初中英语下册第5单元语法练习

2026年江西省苏教版初中英语下册第5单元语法练习一、单项选择题（每题2分，共20分）1.根据第5单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.TheteachertoldusthatthestudentswillgotothesciencemuseumnextSunday.解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时），"because"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时），"when"连接的从句需与主句时态一致；选项C中"since"连接的从句需用一般过去时，主句用现在完成时，但"started"时态错误；选项D正确，"willgo"表示将来时，符合语境。2.选择第5单元语法中正确的被动语态形式。A.Thebookwasreadbythestudentslastnight.B.Myfatherwasnotbeeninvitedtothepartybytheschool.C.Englishisspeakbymanypeopleinthiscity.D.Thenewruleswillbefollowbyalltheteachersnextterm.解析：选项A正确，"wasread"是被动语态；选项B错误，"notbeeninvited"双重否定；选项C错误，"isspeak"缺少助动词；选项D错误，"willbefollow"应为"willbefollowed"。3.根据第5单元语法，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Iboughtanewbikeattheshopyesterday.B.Therearemanybooksinthelibrary,butnoonereadthem.C.Shewenttothebanktogetsomemoneyyesterday.D.Theteacheraskedmetobringmyhomeworkat9AMtomorrow.解析：选项A正确，"anewbike"泛指；选项B错误，"nooneread"前需加"any"；选项C正确，"thebank"特指；选项D错误，"at9AM"应为"by9AM"。4.选择第5单元语法中正确的比较级形式。A.Thisbookismoreinterestingthanthatone.B.Sheisthetallestinherclass.C.Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.D.Thisisthemostbeautifulhouseinthetown.解析：选项A正确，"more...than"比较级；选项B错误，"thetallest"应为最高级；选项C正确，"tallerthan"比较级；选项D正确，"themostbeautiful"最高级。5.根据第5单元语法，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatthestationontimeyesterday.B.Themeetingwillbeheldat3PMinnextweek.C.Heisinterestedinplayingbasketballsincehewasachild.D.Thebookisonthetablenearthewindow.解析：选项A正确，"atthestation"表示地点；选项B错误，"innextweek"应为"nextweek"；选项C正确，"interestedin"表示兴趣；选项D正确，"nearthewindow"表示方位。6.选择第5单元语法中正确的非谓语动词形式。A.Isawaboywhoisplayingthepianointhegarden.B.Shewenttothestoretobuysomemilkandsheforgottobringherwallet.C.Thedogbarkedatthemailmanbecauseitwasscaredofhim.D.Helikestoplaytheguitar,sohepracticeeveryday.解析：选项A错误，"playing"应为"play"（不定式表目的）；选项B正确，"tobuy"和"tobring"不定式表目的；选项C正确，"wasscared"一般过去时；选项D错误，"practice"应为"practices"（第三人称单数）。7.根据第5单元语法，选择下列句子中形容词最高级使用正确的一项。A.Thisisthebiggestsizeofshoesinthestore.B.Sheisthemostintelligentstudentinhergrade.C.Hisbrotheristallerthanhim.D.ThemoviewasthemostboringIhaveeverseen.解析：选项A错误，"biggestsize"应为"biggestsizeavailable"（缺少限定词）；选项B正确，"themostintelligent"最高级；选项C正确，"tallerthan"比较级；选项D错误，"themostboring"前需加"the"。8.选择第5单元语法中正确的宾语从句形式。A.MyteachersaidthatImustfinishmyhomeworkbeforeIgotobed.B.SheaskedmewheredidIgolastnight.C.HetoldmethattheexamwillbeonnextMonday.D.Theteacheraskedifwecanhaveabreakafterthetest.解析：选项A正确，"mustfinish"动词原形；选项B错误，"wheredidIgo"时态错误，应为"whereIwent"；选项C正确，"willbe"将来时；选项D错误，"canhave"应为"couldhave"（虚拟语气）。9.根据第5单元语法，选择下列句子中连词使用正确的一项。A.Sheissmartandsheishardworking.B.Hewenttothelibraryorhewenttotheparkyesterday.C.Theweatherwasbad,sotheystayedathome.D.Iwillcallyouwhenyouarriveatthestation.解析：选项A正确，"and"并列连词；选项B错误，"or"表示选择，应为"either...or"或"neither...nor"；选项C正确，"so"表示因果；选项D正确，"when"引导时间状语从句。10.选择第5单元语法中正确的定语从句形式。A.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.B.Sheisthegirlwhoissingingintheclassroomnow.C.Thisisthehousewheremyparentslivesince2010.D.Theteacherwhotaughtuslastyearisverykind.解析：选项A正确，"which"指物；选项B错误，"whoissinging"时态错误，应为"whoissinging"或"whosings"；选项C正确，"where"指地点；选项D正确，"whotaught"一般过去时。二、填空题（每空2分，共20分）1.Mysister______(go)tothesupermarketyesterdaybecauseshe______(need)somevegetablesfordinner.2.Thestudents______(study)fortheexamwhentheteacher______(come)intotheclassroomlastnight.3.ThisisthemostbeautifulgardenI______(see)sofar.4.Sheaskedme______(bring)myhomeworktoschooltomorrow.5.ThemoviewassoboringthatI______(fall)asleepduringtheshow.6.Mybrother______(be)tallerthanme,buthe______(notbe)asstrongasme.7.Theywillgotothezoonextweekendiftheweather______(be)sunny.8.Theteachertoldusthattheschool______(hold)apartynextmonth.9.I______(notfinish)myhomeworkyet,soIneedmoretime.10.ThisisthefirsttimeI______(eat)Japanesefood.三、判断题（每题2分，共20分）1.Theboywhoisplayingthepianoismybrother.(正确)2.Shewenttothestoretobuysomemilkandsheforgottobringherwallet.(正确)3.Thisisthebiggestsizeofshoesinthestore.(错误，应为"biggestsizeavailable")4.MyteachersaidthatImustfinishmyhomeworkbeforeIgotobed.(正确)5.Theweatherwasbad,sotheystayedathome.(正确)6.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting.(正确)7.ThemoviewasthemostboringIhaveeverseen.(错误，应为"ThemostboringmovieIhaveeverseen")8.Theywillgotothezoonextweekendiftheweatherissunny.(正确)9.Inotfinishedmyhomeworkyet,soIneedmoretime.(错误，应为"Ihavenotfinished")10.ThisisthefirsttimeIeatJapanesefood.(错误，应为"eat"改为"haveeaten")四、简答题（每题2分，共16分）1.简述第5单元中被动语态的构成和用法。2.比较第5单元中"more...than"和"themost"的用法区别。3.解释第5单元中宾语从句的引导词和时态规则。4.说明第5单元中定语从句中关系代词"which"和"who"的用法区别。5.分析第5单元中非谓语动词不定式的用法场景。6.阐述第5单元中连词"and"、"or"、"so"的用法区别。7.讲解第5单元中冠词"a"、"an"、"the"的用法规则。8.说明第5单元中比较级和最高级的构成方法及用法场景。五、应用题（每题4分，共24分）1.用第5单元语法知识改错下列句子：-Sheisthetallestinherclass.-Thebookwasreadbythestudentslastnight.-HetoldmethattheexamwillbeonnextMonday.-Iboughtanewbikeattheshopyesterday.2.根据第5单元语法知识，用所给动词的适当形式填空：-Mybrother______(be)tallerthanme,buthe______(notbe)asstrongasme.-Thestudents______(study)fortheexamwhentheteacher______(come)intotheclassroomlastnight.-Sheaskedme______(bring)myhomeworktoschooltomorrow.3.根据第5单元语法知识，翻译下列句子：-这是我见过最美的花园。-他每天练习弹吉他，因为他喜欢音乐。-如果明天下雨，我们就不能去公园了。4.根据第5单元语法知识，用适当连词连接下列句子：-Sheissmart.Sheishardworking.-Hewenttothelibrary.Hewenttothepark.-Theweatherwasbad.Theystayedathome.5.根据第5单元语法知识，用适当介词填空：-Thebookisonthetablenearthewindow.-Shearrivedatthestationontimeyesterday.-Heisinterestedinplayingbasketballsincehewasachild.6.根据第5单元语法知识，用适当非谓语动词形式填空：-Isawaboywhoisplayingthepianointhegarden.-Shewenttothestoretobuysomemilkandsheforgottobringherwallet.-Thedogbarkedatthemailmanbecauseitwasscaredofhim.标准答案及解析一、单项选择题1.D2.A3.A4.A5.D6.B7.B8.A9.C10.D解析：11.选项D正确，"willgo"表示将来时，符合语境；其他选项时态或语态错误。12.选项A正确，"wasread"被动语态；其他选项存在时态或助动词错误。13.选项A正确，"anewbike"泛指；其他选项冠词使用不当。14.选项A正确，"more...than"比较级；其他选项最高级或比较级使用不当。15.选项D正确，"nearthewindow"方位介词；其他选项介词使用不当。16.选项B正确，"tobuy"不定式表目的；其他选项时态或非谓语动词形式错误。17.选项B正确，"themostintelligent"最高级；其他选项最高级或比较级使用不当。18.选项A正确，"mustfinish"动词原形；其他选项宾语从句时态或引导词错误。19.选项C正确，"so"表示因果；其他选项连词使用不当。20.选项D正确，"whotaught"一般过去时；其他选项时态或关系代词使用不当。二、填空题1.went,needed2.werestudying,came3.haveseen4.tobring5.fell6.is,isnot7.is8.willhold9.havenotfinished10.haveeaten解析：11."go"一般过去时，"need"一般过去时；12."study"过去进行时，"come"一般过去时；13."haveseen"现在完成时；14."tobring"不定式表目的；15."fell"一般过去时；16."be"一般现在时，"isnot"一般现在时；17."is"一般现在时；18."willhold"将来时；19."havenotfinished"现在完成时；20."haveeaten"现在完成时。三、判断题1.正确2.正确3.错误4.正确5.正确6.正确7.错误8.正确9.错误10.错误解析：11."whoisplayingthepiano"指代男孩；12."biggestsizeavailable"更准确；13."themostboringmovieIhaveeverseen"更完整；14."havenotfinished"现在完成时；15."haveeaten"现在完成时。四、简答题1.被动语态构成：be动词+过去分词，用法：强调动作承受者，主语是动作对象。2."more...than"比较级，用于两者比较；"themost"最高级，用于三者以上比较。3.引导词：when/where/that/who/which；时态：主句用现在/过去时，从句用相应的时态。4."which"指物，"who"指人。5.不定式表目的、不定式作主语/宾语/表语等。6."and"并列，"or"选择，"so"因果。7."a"泛指，"an"元音开头，"the"特指。8.比较级加"er"，最高级加"est"，最高级前加"the"。五、