2026年四川省北师大版高一英语上册第5单元词汇语法练习

2026年四川省北师大版高一英语上册第5单元词汇语法练习一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thenewlibraryinourschool______openedlastmonthandhasalreadyattractedthousandsofstudents.A.wasjustB.hasjustbeenC.justhasbeenD.justwas解析：本题考查动词时态。句意为“我们学校的新图书馆上个月刚刚开放，已经吸引了数千名学生”。根据时间状语“lastmonth”和主句“hasalreadyattracted”可知，谓语动词需用现在完成时，表示动作发生在过去但与现在有关。选项A和D使用一般过去时，与“hasalready”矛盾；选项C语序错误；选项B“hasjustbeen”符合现在完成时的用法，表示“刚刚被开放”。正确答案为B。2.______youfinishyourhomework,______youcanwatchTV.A.Assoonas/thenB.Until/whenC.Before/afterD.Though/so解析：本题考查状语从句。句意为“你一完成作业就可以看电视”。根据句意，需用表示“一……就……”的连词，选项A“assoonas”符合此用法，引导时间状语从句，主句用一般现在时。选项B“until”表示“直到”，选项C“before”表示“在……之前”，选项D“though”表示“尽管”，均不符合句意。正确答案为A。3.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirproject.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句。句意为“老师问学生们是否完成了他们的项目”。根据句意，需用表示“是否”的引导词，选项A和B“if”和“whether”均可，但“whether”更正式，常用于正式文体。选项C“that”引导宾语从句时，不表示“是否”，选项D“what”表示“什么”，不符合句意。正确答案为B。4.______isthepopulationofthiscityaccordingtothereport?A.HowmanyB.HowmuchC.WhatD.Howlong解析：本题考查疑问词。句意为“根据报告，这个城市的人口是多少？”。根据“population”是可数名词，需用“howmany”提问数量；选项B“howmuch”用于不可数名词；选项C“what”用于询问身份或事物；选项D“howlong”用于询问时间长度。正确答案为A。5.Theboy______livesnextdoorismybestfriend.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.that解析：本题考查定语从句。句意为“住在隔壁的那个男孩是我的好朋友”。根据先行词“boy”是可数名词，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词“who”或“that”。选项B“whom”作宾语，选项C“whose”作定语，选项D“that”在口语中可代替“who”，但“who”更规范。正确答案为A。6.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whoD.where解析：本题考查定语从句。句意为“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣”。根据先行词“book”是可数名词，且在从句中作宾语，需用关系代词“which”或“that”。选项C“who”用于人，选项D“where”用于地点，不符合句意。正确答案为A。7.______shearrives,wewillstartthemeeting.A.AssoonasB.UntilC.BeforeD.After解析：本题考查状语从句。句意为“她一到，我们就会开始会议”。根据句意，需用表示“一……就……”的连词，选项A“assoonas”符合此用法，引导时间状语从句，主句用一般现在时。选项B“until”表示“直到”，选项C“before”表示“在……之前”，选项D“after”表示“在……之后”，均不符合句意。正确答案为A。8.Thestudentswere______tofinishtheexperimentbecausetheyweretired.A.enoughB.tooC.soD.very解析：本题考查形容词用法。句意为“学生们太累了，无法完成实验”。根据句意，需用表示“太……而不能……”的结构，固定搭配为“too+adj.+todosth.”。选项A“enough”用于“enough+adj.+todosth.”，选项C“so”用于“so+adj.+that从句”，选项D“very”不能与“too”搭配。正确答案为B。9.Theteachertoldthestudents______theyshouldbequietinthelibrary.A.thatB.whatC.ifD.whether解析：本题考查宾语从句。句意为“老师告诉学生们在图书馆应该保持安静”。根据句意，需用连接词引导宾语从句，表示“应该做什么”，选项A“that”引导宾语从句时，不表示“应该”，但此处“that”可省略；选项B“what”表示“什么”，不符合句意；选项C“if”和D“whether”表示“是否”，不符合句意。正确答案为A。10.Thegirl______issittingnexttomeismysister.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.whose解析：本题考查定语从句。句意为“坐在我旁边的那位女孩是我的妹妹”。根据先行词“girl”是可数名词，且在从句中作主语，需用关系代词“who”或“that”。选项A“which”用于物，选项C“whom”作宾语，选项D“whose”作定语，不符合句意。正确答案为B。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thecompanyislookingforsomeone______hasexperienceinmarketing.参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词“someone”指人，且在从句中作主语，可用“who”或“that”。2.Iwillcallyou______Ifinishmywork.参考答案：assoonas解析：本题考查状语从句。空格处需填入表示“一……就……”的连词，固定搭配为“assoonas”，引导时间状语从句。3.Thebook______Ireadlastnightwasveryexciting.参考答案：which/that解析：本题考查定语从句。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词“book”指物，且在从句中作宾语，可用“which”或“that”。4.______youstudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.参考答案：Theharder/themore解析：本题考查比较级。空格处需填入比较级形式，固定搭配为“The+比较级，the+比较级”，表示“越……越……”。5.Thegirl______livesnextdoorismybestfriend.参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词“girl”指人，且在从句中作主语，可用“who”或“that”。6.Theman______Ispoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.参考答案：whom/that解析：本题考查定语从句。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词“man”指人，且在从句中作宾语，可用“whom”或“that”。7.Iwillcallyou______IarriveinBeijing.参考答案：assoonas解析：本题考查状语从句。空格处需填入表示“一……就……”的连词，固定搭配为“assoonas”，引导时间状语从句。8.Thewoman______iswearingareddressismymother.参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词“woman”指人，且在从句中作主语，可用“who”或“that”。9.Theboy______livesnextdoorismybestfriend.参考答案：who/that解析：本题考查定语从句。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词“boy”指人，且在从句中作主语，可用“who”或“that”。10.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.参考答案：which/that解析：本题考查定语从句。空格处需填入关系代词引导定语从句，先行词“book”指物，且在从句中作宾语，可用“which”或“that”。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theteacheraskedthestudentsiftheyhadfinishedtheirhomework.(正确)解析：本题考查宾语从句。“if”可引导宾语从句，表示“是否”，符合句意。2.Theboywholivesnextdoorismybestfriend.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“who”引导定语从句，修饰“boy”，符合语法规则。3.ThebookthatIreadlastnightwasveryexciting.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“that”引导定语从句，修饰“book”，符合语法规则。4.ThegirlwhomIspoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“whom”引导定语从句，修饰“girl”，作宾语，符合语法规则。5.ThemanthatIsawyesterdayisafamousactor.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“that”引导定语从句，修饰“man”，符合语法规则。6.Thewomanwhoiswearingareddressismymother.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“who”引导定语从句，修饰“woman”，符合语法规则。7.Theboythatlivesnextdoorismybestfriend.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“that”引导定语从句，修饰“boy”，符合语法规则。8.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“which”引导定语从句，修饰“book”，符合语法规则。9.Thegirlwholivesnextdoorismybestfriend.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“who”引导定语从句，修饰“girl”，符合语法规则。10.ThemanthatIspoketoyesterdayisafamouswriter.(正确)解析：本题考查定语从句。“that”引导定语从句，修饰“man”，符合语法规则。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetween"which"and"that"inrelativeclauses.参考答案："Which"isusedtorefertothingsoranimalsinrelativeclauses,while"that"canrefertoboththingsandpeople.Forexample,"ThebookwhichIreadisinteresting."(Thebookisathing)."ThemanthatIsawismyfather."(Themanisaperson)."That"ismorecommoninformalwriting,while"which"ismorecommonininformalwriting.2.Whatisthestructureofaconditionalsentence?参考答案：Aconditionalsentencehastwoparts:the"if"clauseandthemainclause.The"if"clausestatesthecondition,andthemainclausestatestheresult.Forexample,"Ifitrains,wewillcancelthepicnic."(Ifclause:condition;mainclause:result).3.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?参考答案：Toformapassivevoicesentence,usetheverb"be"+pastparticiple.Forexample,"ThebookwaswrittenbyGeorgeOrwell."(Active:GeorgeOrwellwrotethebook;Passive:ThebookwaswrittenbyGeorgeOrwell).4.Whatisthedifferencebetween"too"and"so"?参考答案："Too"isusedwith"too+adj.+todosth."tomean"too...to...".Forexample,"Itistoohottoplayoutside.""So"isusedwith"so+adj.+that从句"tomean"so...that...".Forexample,"Itissohotthatwecannotplayoutside."5.Howdoyouformaquestionwith"howmany"?参考答案：Toformaquestionwith"howmany",use"howmany+pluralnoun+do/does+subject+verb?"Forexample,"Howmanystudentsareintheclassroom?"6.Whatisthefunctionof"which"inarelativeclause?参考答案："Which"isusedtorefertothingsoranimalsinarelativeclauseandcanbethesubjectorobjectoftheclause.Forexample,"ThehousewhichIliveinisbig."(Subject);"ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting."(Object).7.Howdoyouformaquestionwith"whether"?参考答案：Toformaquestionwith"whether",use"whether+subject+verb?"Forexample,"Whetheryoucomeornot,Iwillbehappy."8.Whatisthedifferencebetween"if"and"unless"?参考答案："If"isusedtostateacondition,while"unless"means"ifnot".Forexample,"Ifitrains,wewillstayhome."(Ifcondition);"Wewillstayhomeunlessitrains."(Ifnotcondition).五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Rewritethefollowingsentenceinpassivevoice:"Theteachergavethestudentsatest."参考答案："Thestudentsweregivenatestbytheteacher."2.Completethefollowingsentencewith"too"or"so":"Itis______hottoplayoutside."参考答案："too"解析：固定搭配“too+adj.+todosth.”表示“太……而不能……”。3.Completethefollowingsentencewith"who"or"that":"Thegirl______livesnextdoorismybestfriend."参考答案："who/that"解析：关系代词“who”或“that”引导定语从句，修饰“girl”，作主语。4.Completethefollowingsentencewith"which"or"that":"Thebook______Ireadlastnightwasveryexciting."参考答案："which/that"解析：关系代词“which”或“that”引导定语从句，修饰“book”，作宾语。5.Completethefollowingsentencewith"if"or"unless":"Youwillfailtheexam______youstudyhard."参考答案："unless"解析："unless"表示“如果不”，相当于“ifnot”。6.Completethefollowingsentencewith"howmany"or"howmuch":"______studentsareintheclassroom?"参考答案："howmany"解析："howmany"用于可数名词“students”。7.Completethefollowingsentencewith"whether"or"if":"Iamnotsure______youwillcome."参考答案："whether"解析："whether"用于正式文体，表示“是否”。8.Complet