2026年初中英语语法填空专项训练试卷（附答案）

2026年初中英语语法填空专项训练试卷（附答案）1.Mr.Smithis______busytoattendthemeetingthisafternoonbecausehehastofinishthereport.A.soB.tooC.veryD.such解析：本题考查too...to...结构，意为“太...而不能...”，固定搭配。根据句意“史密斯先生太忙了，今天下午不能参加会议，因为他必须完成报告”，too符合语境。so和such后需加形容词，very不能与too搭配，故选B。2.Thegirl______livesnextdoorismyfavoritesinger.A.whichB.whoC.whomD.that解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指人且作主语，需用who或that。which指物，whom作宾语，不符合语法。根据句意“住在隔壁的那个女孩是我最喜欢的歌手”，who和that均可，但who更常用，故选B。3.Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark.A.won’trainB.won’tberainingC.doesn’trainD.isn’training解析：本题考查if条件句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。根据句意“如果明天不下雨，我们就去公园”，主句为willgo，从句需用doesn’train，故选C。4.Myparents______metostudyhardernextsemester.A.hopeB.wishC.expectD.want解析：本题考查动词辨析，hope意为“希望”，wish意为“愿望”，expect意为“期望”，want意为“想要”。根据句意“我父母期望我下学期学习更努力”，expect符合语境，故选C。5.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.A.whichB.thatC.whomD.whose解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指物且作宾语，需用which或that。whom指人，whose表所属，不符合语法。根据句意“我从图书馆借来的那本书很有趣”，which和that均可，但which更常用，故选A。6.Couldyoupleasetellmethetime______thetrainleaves?A.whichB.thatC.whenD.where解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指时间且作状语，需用when。which和that指物，where指地点，不符合语法。根据句意“你能告诉我火车几点出发吗”，when符合语境，故选C。7.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.A.ifB.whetherC.thatD.what解析：本题考查宾语从句，asked后需用if或whether引导，且从句用陈述语序。that和what不符合语法。根据句意“老师问学生们是否完成了作业”，if和whether均可，但whether更正式，故选B。8.Mysisteris______thanme,soshecanplaythepianowell.A.tallerB.thetallestC.tallerofusD.thetaller解析：本题考查比较级，thanme为比较对象，需用形容词比较级。thetallest为最高级，不符合语法。根据句意“我姐姐比我高，所以她能弹钢琴”，taller符合语境，故选A。9.Theboy______isplayingfootballismybrother.A.whoB.whomC.whoseD.which解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指人且作主语，需用who或that。whom作宾语，whose表所属，which指物，不符合语法。根据句意“那个在踢足球的男孩是我哥哥”，who符合语境，故选A。10.It’simportant______youshouldstudyhardeveryday.A.thatB.whatC.whichD.when解析：本题考查主语从句，It作形式主语，that引导主语从句且不充当成分。what、which、when不符合语法。根据句意“你每天努力学习很重要”，that符合语境，故选A。11.Ifyou______(be)lateforthemeeting,pleasecallmeimmediately.解析：本题考查虚拟语气，if条件句主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。参考答案：are12.Thegirl______(call)Lilyismybestfriend.解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指人且作主语，需用who或that。参考答案：who/that13.Myfatheraskedme______(go)tothesupermarketwithhim.解析：本题考查宾语从句，asked后需用动词不定式。参考答案：togo14.Theman______Ispoketolastnightisafamouswriter.解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指人且作主语，需用who或that。参考答案：who/that15.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,wewillstayathome.解析：本题考查虚拟语气，if条件句主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。参考答案：rains16.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指物且作宾语，需用which或that。参考答案：which/that17.Couldyoupleasetellmethetime______thetrainleaves?解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指时间且作状语，需用when。参考答案：when18.Theteacheraskedthestudents______theyhadfinishedtheirhomework.解析：本题考查宾语从句，asked后需用if或whether引导。参考答案：if/whether19.Mysisteris______thanme,soshecanplaythepianowell.解析：本题考查比较级，thanme为比较对象，需用形容词比较级。参考答案：taller20.Theboy______isplayingfootballismybrother.解析：本题考查定语从句，先行词指人且作主语，需用who或that。参考答案：who/that21.Thegirlwhoiswearingareddressismysister.(正确)解析：定语从句中，先行词指人且作主语，用who或that引导。句意正确。22.IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallthepoliceimmediately.(正确)解析：虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时。句意正确。23.ThebookthatIboughtyesterdayisveryexpensive.(正确)解析：定语从句中，先行词指物且作宾语，用which或that引导。句意正确。24.Theboywhoisplayingthepianoismybrother.(正确)解析：定语从句中，先行词指人且作主语，用who或that引导。句意正确。25.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillgotothepark.(正确)解析：if条件句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。句意正确。26.ThegirlwhosenameisLilyismybestfriend.(错误)解析：whose表所属，此处应为“thegirlwhoisLily”或“thegirlcalledLily”。句意错误。27.TheboywhomIspoketolastnightisafamouswriter.(错误)解析：whom作宾语，此处应为“theboywhoIspoketo”或“theboyIspoketo”。句意错误。28.ThebookwhichIborrowedfromthelibraryisveryinteresting.(正确)解析：定语从句中，先行词指物且作宾语，用which或that引导。句意正确。29.IfIwereyou,Iwouldcallthepolice.(正确)解析：虚拟语气，与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时。句意正确。30.Thegirlwhoiswearingabluedressismysister.(正确)解析：定语从句中，先行词指人且作主语，用who或that引导。句意正确。31.Whatisthedifferencebetween"if"and"whether"?解析：if和whether都可引导条件状语从句和宾语从句，但whether可引导主语从句，if不可；whether可连接并列主语，if不可；whether在口语中更常用。32.Howdoyouuse"too...to..."structure?解析：too...to...意为“太...而不能...”，too后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。例如：Heistooyoungtogotoschool.33.Whendoyouuse"which"and"that"inrelativeclauses?解析：which指物，that可指物也可指人；先行词前有介词时用which；先行词指人且作宾语时用who或that；非限制性定语从句用which。34.Howdoyouformapassivevoicesentence?解析：被动语态结构为“be动词+过去分词”，例如：Thebookwaswrittenbyhim.35.Whatisthefunctionof"it"in"Itisimportantthat..."?解析：it作形式主语，that引导主语从句且不充当成分，例如：Itisimportantthatyoushouldstudyhard.36.Howdoyouuse"so...that..."and"such...that..."?解析：so...that...意为“如此...以至于...”，so后接形容词或副词，that后接句子；such...that...意为“如此...以至于...”，such后接名词，that后接句子。例如：Heissotallthathecantouchtheceiling.37.Whendoyouuse"if"or"whether"inindirectquestions?解析：间接疑问句中，if不可用，必须用whether。例如：HeaskedmeifIwascoming.38.Howdoyouuse"whom"inrelativeclauses?解析：whom只用于指人且作宾语，例如：TheboywhomIspoketoismybrother.39.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Thegirl______issingingismysister."解析：先行词指人且作主语，用who或that引导。参考答案：who/that句意：那个在唱歌的女孩是我姐姐。40.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"too...to...":"Sheisyoungtodriveacar."解析：too...to...意为“太...而不能...”。参考答案：Sheistooyoungtodriveacar.句意：她太小了，不能开车。41.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Ifit______tomorrow,wewillgotothepark."解析：if条件句，主句用一般将来时，从句用一般现在时。参考答案：rains句意：如果明天下雨，我们就去公园。42.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Thebook______Iboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting."解析：先行词指物且作宾语，用which或that引导。参考答案：which/that句意：我昨天买的那本书很有趣。43.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusingpassivevoice:"Theteachergaveusanewhomework."解析：被动语态结构为“be动词+过去分词”。参考答案：Anewhomeworkwasgiventousbytheteacher.句意：老师给我们布置了一项新作业。44.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Itisimportantthatyou______studyhardeveryday."解析：it作形式主语，that引导主语从句且不充当成分。参考答案：should句意：你每天努力学习很重要。45.Completethefollowingsentencewithasuitableword:"Thegirl______nameisLilyismybestfriend."解析：whose表所属。参考答案：whose句意：那个名字叫莉莉的女孩是我最好的朋友。46.Rewritethefollowingsentenceusing"so...that...":"Heistallthathecantouchtheceiling."解析：so...that...意为“如此...以至于...”，so后接形容词，that后接句子。参考答案：Heissotallthathecantouchtheceiling.句意：他太高了，能摸到天花板。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.B3.C4.C5.A6.C7.B8.A9.A10.A解析：同前。二、填空题1.are12.who/that13.togo14.who/that15.rains16.which/that17.when18.if/whether19.taller20.who/that解析：同前。三、判断题1.√22.√23.√24.√25.√26.×27.×28.√29.√30.√解析：同前。四、简答题1.参考答案：if和whether都可引导条件状语从句和宾语从句，但whether可引导主语从句，if不可；whether可连接并列主语，if不可；whether在口语中更常用。解析：同前。2.参考答案：too...to...意为“太...而不能...”，too后接形容词或副词，to后接动词原形。例如：Heistooyoungtogotoschool.解析：同前。3.参考答案：which指物，that可指物也可指人；先行词前有介词时用which；先行