八年级下学期期末测试卷 （B卷·提升能力）原卷版

【牛津（广州，深圳，沈阳）版】八年级下学期期末测试卷（B卷·提升能力）学校：__________班级：__________姓名：_________考号：___________温馨提示：本试卷共分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分，第Ⅰ卷为选择题；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题；满分为90分，考试时间为100分钟。第Ⅰ卷选择题一、语法选择（15分）Nowadaysmanypeoplegetused___1___things,especiallyyoungpeople.Intheschool,wastecan___2___everywhere.Somestudentsaskfor___3___foodthantheycaneatandothersoftenforgettoturnoffthelights___4___theyleavetheclassroom.Wastecanbringalotofproblems.Someone___5___Chinaisrichinsomeresources,suchascoal,oil,treesandsoon.Somepeopleevensay“___6___richourcountryis!”Butactuallywe____7____nocoaloroiltouseinonehundredyearsifwegoonwasting.Wereallyfeel___8___aboutwhatwecanuseinthefuture.Wecan’timaginehowwecangoon___9___withoutthisresources.Thinkaboutit___10___.Ithinkweshould___11___notothestudentswhowastethingseveryday.Inourdailylife,wecandothingstostopwaste___12___happening.Forexample,weshouldturnofftapsafterusingit.Don’tthrowtheusedpaper___13___wecanrecycleit.Let’sstartoutsmallfromnowon.Littlebylittleeverythingwillbechanged.Wastecanbestoppedonedayifwedo___14___best.Thenaturewillbemoreharmoniousandourcountrywillbecome___15___.1.A.waste B.wasting C.towaste D.towasting2.A.beseeing B.areseen C.see D.beseen3.A.more B.many C.much D.most4.A.after B.before C.since D.whether5.A.say B.besaid C.says D.issaying6.A.How B.Howa C.What D.Whata7.A.have B.has C.had D.willhave8.A.worry B.worries C.worried D.worriedly9.A.live B.lives C.lived D.living10.A.care B.carefulness C.carefully D.careful11.A.say B.tosaying C.tosay D.saying12.A.in B.from C.on D.of13.A.because B.although C.until D.if14.A.we B.us C.our D.ours15.A.beautiful B.mostbeautifulC.morebeautiful D.themorebeautiful二、完形填空（10分）ItwasacoldwindywinterdayandIwaswalkinghomefromwork.MyheadpointeddownagainstthesnowwhenInoticedanoldlady.Shewas___16___onthesidewalkinherhouseslippers(拖鞋).AsI___17__her,Isawthatshewaswellintoher80s,andshewasholdingsome___18___inherhands.Iwalkedonandarrivedatthetrafficlight.Waitingthere,Isawthemailboxacrossthestreet.Thelightturnedgreen,butIpretended(假装)tocheckmyphoneandwaitedforhertocatchupwithme.Inthisneighborhood,evencrossingwiththegreenlightwas___19___.Driversoftendrove___20___throughredlightsandstopsigns.Istayedthereuntilshereachedme.Iturnedtoherandtouchedhergentlyonthearm.Shesmiledandtookmyhandinhersand___21___it.Hersmallhandwassoftandwarm.Hand-in-hand,wewerewaitingforthe___22___tochange.Whenthelightturnedgreen,wewalkedtogetherslowlyacrossthestreet,droppedthelettersinthemailbox.ThenItookher___23___acrossthestreet.AsIwalkedtherestofthewayhome,Icouldstillfeelthe___24___ofherhandinmyown.Peoplesaythefirstlanguageofallhumansis___25___.Acaringtouchhelpstomakeabadsituationhopeful.Andevennow,everytimeIthinkoftheoldlady.Icanstillfeelthepoweroftouch.16.A.begging B.walking C.running D.riding17.A.knew B.expected C.missed D.passed18.A.letters B.pictures C.books D.flowers19.A.strange B.crazy C.dangerous D.safe20.A.carefully B.quietly C.wildly D.calmly21.A.pushed B.pulled C.hit D.held22.A.way B.light C.ride D.traffic23.A.forward B.back C.away D.ahead24.A.warmth B.trust C.care D.love25.A.help B.kindness C.touch D.action三、阅读（共两节，满分45分）第一节阅读理解（共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D项中，选出最佳选项，并答题卡上将该项涂黑。ATheBeijing2022WinterOlympicsweremorethanasportingevent.Theywerealsoashowcase(展示)forscienceandtechnology.Let’slookatsome.AlotofdifferentkindsofrobotsservedvisitorsandathletesduringtheOlympics.SomemachineswereusedtoenforcesocialdistancingrequirementsrelatedtoCOVID-19.Robotscouldalsotransportequipment,cleansurfaces,prepareandcarryfoodtolimithuman-to-humancontact.TheNationalSpeedSkatingOvalissaidtohave“thefastestice”because12newOlympicrecordsandoneworldrecordweresetthere.Thesecretisanewice-makingtechnology.Liquidcarbondioxide(液态二氧化碳)isputundertheicetokeeptemperaturechangesontheicesurfacewithinhalfadegree.Thatkeepstheiceflat.Flaticeiseasiertoskateon.Duringthespeedskatingrace,athletescanreachspeedsofupto18meterspersecond.Tocapture(捕捉)everyexcitingmomentofthecompetition,LieBaowasusedfortheevent.LieBaocanrecordspeedsofupto25meterspersecond.Itcloselytracks(跟踪)theathletes’movementsandcapturesvariousscenesduringspeedskating.GuAilinggotahistoricgoldmedalattheBeijingWinterOlympicsinthewomen’sfreestyleskiingBigAironFeb8.Shewon1withherfirst1620—fourandahalffullrotations(旋转)whichhavebeenpresentedtopeopleinthewayofa“timeslice”.Thesystemshowstheathletes’movementsfromtakeofftolandinginoneframe(画面).26.LieBaowasusedduring________．Atheicehockeymatch B.theskijumpingeventC.thespeedskatingrace D.thefreestyleskiingevent27.________canshowthegamefromthebeginningtotheendinoneframe.A.Therobot B.ThefastesticeC.Thehigh-speedcamera D.Thetimeslice28.Thenewice-makingtechnologyisto________．A.keeptheiceflatB.limithuman-to-humancontactC.captureeveryexcitingmomentofthecompetitionD.keeptheiceatthesametemperatureBOnceuponatime,therewasalittleboycalledMengKe.Hisfatherdiedwhenhewasjustababy,sohelivedalonewithhismother,Mengmu.Atfirst,theylivednexttoagraveyard（墓地）.Thegraveyardenveloped（笼罩）theold,weather-worntombs（坟墓）.ButforMengKe,hehadalotoffunasheimitated（模仿）otherpeoplevisitingthegraveyarddiggingtombs,mourningthedeadandscattering（散发）papermoneyontheground.Mengmusawthisandthoughttoherself,“No,thisisnottheplacetoraisemychild.”Sothenextday,shepackedthebagsandleftthegraveyardwithMengKe.Theymovedtoahousenexttoanoisymarket.Everydaymanyvendors（商贩）shoutedaroundtotrytoattractcustomers.MengKesawthisandenjoyedhimselfbyactinglikeavendor.ButMengmuwasterrifiedbythesightandtoldherself,“No,thisisdefinitelynottheproperplacetoraisemychild,either.”SoshepackeduptheirbelongingsatonceandtookMengKeawayfromthemarket.Atlast,theysettleddownbesideaschool.Everyday,MengKeobservedthepupils.Heimitated（模仿）theirpolitemanners.Hesawthestudentsreadingbooksandhedidsoaswell.Soonhedevelopedagreatinterestinknowledge.Mengmuwashappytoseethisanddecidedthattheschoolwastheeducationalenvironmentshehadbeenlookingforallalong.SoMengKeandhismotherlivedthereforyears,andMengKegrewuptobeawell-mannered,knowledgeableandwiseman,andtodayweallknowhimasMencius.Withouthismothergoingoutofherwaytofindagoodenvironmentforhim,MengKewouldn’thavebeenabletobecomeoneofthegreatestideologists（哲学家）ofalltimes.Thisstorynotonlytellsustheimportanceofaproperlearningenvironment,butalsoshowstheselflessloveofparentstowardstheirchildren.29.WheredidMengKeliveatthefirsttime_________.A.Nearthemarket. B.Besidetheschool.C.Nearthegraveyard. D.Farfromthegraveyard.30.WhatdidMengKedowhentheylivednearthemarket?A.Heimitatedpeoplediggingthetombs.B.Heshoutedloudlytoattractthecustomers.C.Hereadbooksandimitatedtheirpolitemanners.D.Hehelpedhismothertodohousework.31.WhichofthefollowingisNOTTRUE?A.MengMuwasnotsatisfiedwiththegraveyardbecauseit’snotgoodforMengKe.B.MengKehadfunlivinginthenoisymarketbecausehecouldactlikeavendor.C.MengMumovedtodifferentplacesbecauseshewantedtofindaplacetoraiseMengKe.D.MengKecouldbecomeagreatestideologistsbecausehehadfoundagoodenvironment.32.What’sthebesttitleofthepassage?A.三顾茅庐 B.孟母三迁 C.三思而后行 D.三人成虎CDuringtheSongDynasty,therewasafamousartistnamedWenTong.Hewasknownforhispaintingsofbamboo.Heplantedonlybambooinhisgardeneveninsidehishouse.Hispaintingsweresogoodthattheyalmostlookedreal!NooneelsecoulddrawbamboolikeWenTongdid.Onedayinspring,astormmovedintothevillage.WenTongrushedoutsidetohisbamboogardenwheneveryonestayedinside.Hewantedtoseehowtherainbouncedoff(弹起)thebamboo.Thisway,hecouldseewhatwateronbambooleaveslookedlike.Sure,hegotverywet.Onedayinsummer,thesunwashighintheskyandtheairwashot.WenTongwasoutsideinhisbamboogardenwhenmostpeoplestayedcoolathome.Hewantedtoseethebambooclearlyinthestrongsunlight.Thisway,hecouldseeeverydetailofeveryleaf.Sure,hegotsupersweaty.Onedayinfall,itgotverywindy.WenTongwentoutsidetohisbamboogarden.Hewantedtoseethebambooleavesswayinginthewind.Thisway,hecouldseehowthebamboomoved.Sure,healmostfelloveracoupleoftimes.Onedayinwinter,itstartedtosnow.Whenalltheothervillagerswereinsidehomestayingwarm,WenTongwasoutsideinhisbamboogarden.Thisway,hecouldseehowtheicesatontheleaves.Sure,hewasvery,verycold.Aftermanydaysjustlikethese,hememorizedalltherewastoknowaboutbamboo.Sowhenitwastimetopaint,herememberedeverythinghehadseen.Heknewthebamboosowellthatoneofhisfriendssaid,“WhenWenTongdrawsbamboo,hehasitsimageinhismind.”InmodernChinese,youcansaythatsomeonehasanimageofbambooinhisorhermind.Thismeansthatthepersonplansahead,justlikeWenTongplannedaheadbyalwaysgoingoutsidetostudyhisbamboo.Althoughitwasahardtimeforhim,studyinghardmeantthathecouldlatercreateamazingpaintings.33.WhatwouldWenTongseeifastormmovedintohisvillage?A.Hecouldseehowtherainbouncedoffthebamboo.B.Hecouldseebambooclearlyinthestrongsunlight.C.Hecouldseehowthebambooleavesmoved.D.Hecouldseehowtheicesatontheleaves.34.WhencouldWenTongseeeverydetailofeveryleaf?A.Inspring. B.Insummer. C.Infall. D.Inwinter.35.WhatdoyouthinkofWenTong?A.Self-centered. B.Easy-going. C.Open-minded. D.Hard-working.36.Whatcanweinferfromthepassage?A.Heworkedhardtoimprovehismemory.B.Hewasfamousbecausehegrewbamboowell.C.Hewassuccessfulbecausehehadabeautifulbamboogarden.D.Hisspiritofnevergiveuphelpedhimpaintbamboobestatthattime.DWhenJohnwasgrowingup,otherkidsfeltsorryforhim,ashisparentsalwayshadhimdosomehouseworkordosomepart-timejobs.ButwhenJohnreachedadulthood,hewasbetteroffthanhischildhoodfriends.Hehadabettercareer,abettermarriageandwashealthier.Mostofall,hewashappier.Thesearethefindingsofa40-yearstudy.Researchersfollowedthelivesof456teenageboysfromBoston.Thestudyshowedthatthosewhoworkedwhentheywereyoungenjoyedhappierandmoresuccessfullivesthanthosewhodidnot.“Boyswhoworkedinthehomeorcommunitygainedcompetence(能力)andcametofeeltheywereusefulmembersofsociety,”saidGeorgeVaillant,thepsychologist(心理学家)whomadethediscovery.“Andbecausetheyfeltgoodaboutthemselves,othersfeltgoodaboutthem,too.”Vaillant’sstudyfollowedthesemalesalltheseyears.Interviewswererepeatedatages25,31and47.UnderVaillant,theresearcherscomparedthemen’smental-healthscoreswiththeirboyhood-activityscores.Pointswereawardedforpart-timejobs,housework,effortinschool,andtheabilitytodealwithproblems.Thelinkbetweenwhatthemenoncedidasyoungboysandhowtheyturnedoutasadultswasverysharp.Thosewhodidthemostboyhoodactivitiesweretwiceaslikelytohavewarmrelationswithotherpeople,fivetimesaslikelytobewellpaidand16timeslesslikelytohavebeenunemployed.TheresearchersalsofoundthatIQandfamilysocialandeconomicclass(社会和经济阶层)madenorealdifferenceinhowtheboysturnedout.Working-atanyage-isimportant.Childhoodactivitieshelpachilddevelopresponsibility,independence,confidenceandcompetence-thebasis(基础)ofemotionalhealth.Theyalsohelphimunderstandthatpeoplemustworkwithotherstowardscommongoals.Themostcompetentadultsarethosewhoknowhowtodothis.Yetworkisn’teverything.AsTolstoryoncesaid,“Onecanlivemagnificentlyinthisworldifoneknowshowtoworkandhowtolove,toworkforthepersononelovesandtoloveone’swork.”37.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaboutJohn?A.Helikeddoingpart-timejobs. B.Heenjoyedhiscareerandmarriage.C.Hereceivedlittlelovefromhisfamily. D.Hehadfewfriendswhenhewasachild.38.AccordingtoVaillant,whycouldJohnbebetteroffthanthischildhoodfriends?A.Becausehedidpart-timejobsafterwork.B.Becausehefeltproudofhimselfwhenworking.C.Becausehisworkingexperienceinhischildhoodwasofhelp.D.Becausehewashappierthanhisfriendswhentheywereyoung.39.HowdidVaillantandhisteamgetthefindingsoftheresearch?A.Bycomparingdifferentsetsofscores. B.Bycheckingthemen’smentalhealth.C.Byrecordingtheboy’seffortinschool. D.Bytestingthemen’sproblem-solvingability.40.Thepurposeofthepassageistotellusthat___________.A.IQplaysanimportantroleinpeople’sdevelopmentB.socialandeconomicclassdecideshowourcareergoesC.onlyworkingatayoungageisimportanttoouradultlifeD.theabilityofworkingwithotherstowardsgoalsisveryimportant第二节阅读填空（共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分）根据短文内容，将下面A---E五个句子分别填入文中空缺处，使得补全后的短文意思通顺，结构完整。Readingisveryimportant.WorldBookDayfallsonApril23everyyear.___41___Itisalsothedaytohonorgreatwriters.___42___Onthatday,millionsofschoolchildrencanbuybooksatamuchlowerpricethanusualinanybookstoreinEngland.Ithasbeendoneeveryyearsince1998.WorldBookDayisalsocelebratedinChina.TheyoungpeopleareencouragedtoreadmorebooksandlotsofreadingcornersarebuiltinChina.Japaneseregardthedayasoneofthemostimportantdays.InJapan,youcanseepeoplereadingalmosteverywhere.___43___Readinghelpsustofollowthelatestdevelopmentsofscienceandtechnology.Readinggivesusinformationaboutotherculturesandplacesintheworld.ReadingisalsooneofthemostimportantwaystolearnaforeignlanguagelikeEnglish.___44___Books,magazines,andotherkindsofreadingmaterialscanhelpustoknowmoreabouttheoutsideworld.Asthesayinggoes,“Bookscannotchangetheworld,butpeoplecanchangetheworldbychangingthemselvesthroughreading”.___45___A.ManycountriescelebrateWorldBookDay.B.Therefore,itisnecessaryforustospendtimereadingeveryday.C.Forexample,thewaysEnglishpeoplearelivingandworkingtodaycan’tbelearntintheclassroom,butitcanbelearntbyreading.D.Readinghelpsusbecomemoreknowledgeableandsmarter.E.Itencouragespeople,especiallyteenagers,todiscoverthepleasureofreading.第2卷非选择题（共30分）短文填空（5分）Dogsareexcellentpets,friendlyandsmart.Mostdogsaregoodwithpeople.Somedogs,likewatchdogs,barkl___46_____towarnpeoplethatstrangersarecomingclose.Somebarktoe_____47_____theirfeelings,suchaslonelinessandhappiness.Manypeoplewonderhowtof____48____theirdogs.Infact,dogseatalmostanything!Theirm____49____includesmeat,rice,biscuits,andsoon.Don’tletyourdogeattoomuch.Alwaysleavewaterforyourdog.Itcangetthirstyveryquickly,especiallyinsummer.Rememberthatdogsneedexercise.Don’tkeepyourdoginsideallday.Itwillfeelb_____50____.Youshouldtakeitforadailywalktocheeritup.Remember,bigdogsneedlongerwalksthansmallones.第二节完成句子(5小题，共10分)51.握手是展示礼貌的好方法。________________________agoodwaytoshowyourpoliteness.52.可怜的小狗遇到了善良的女孩儿，得到了细心照顾。Thepoordogmetakindgirland________________________wellbyher.53.我想知道如何阻止人们杀