2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试　北京卷•英语（精校版）

2021年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试北京卷·英语第一部分知识运用(共两节，30分)第一节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。Recently，Itookatriphomebytrain.Igotaseatoppositeamiddle­agedmanwithsharpeyes，whokept1ayoungwomaninawindowseatwithalittleboyonherlap.Thewoman’seyefellontheman’sface，andsheimmediatelylookeddownand2herscarf.Asthenightworeon，peoplebegantoclosetheireyes，buttheseatsweresouncomfortablethatonlyaveryheavysleepercouldmanagetogetany3.Thewomanlookedoverattheman.Hewasstillstaringather.Shelookedbackathimwithfireinhereyes.Iwasbeginningtoget4，too.Thetrainmovedon.Thelittleboywas5awakeonhismother’slap，butthewomandroppedofftosleep.Amomentlater，hebeganto6thehalf­openwindow—onelegwentoverit.Themanjumpedupand7thechildjustbeforehefellout.The8wokeupthewoman.Sheseemedtobein9，andthenrealitydawned(显现)．“Yourchildhasbeenlookingforanopportunitytoclimboutofthewindow，”themansaidashegavethechildbacktoher.“SoIhavebeenwatchingthewholetime.”Thewomanwas10，andsowasI.1．A.guiding B．botheringC．watching D．monitoring2．A.adjusted B．changedC．packed D．waved3．A.air B．joyC．space D．rest4．A.nervous B．embarrassedC．angry D．disappointed5．A.almost B．stillC．hardly D．even6．A.drag B．climbC．knock D．push7．A.grabbed B．rockedC．touched D．picked8．A.alarm B．quarrelC．risk D．noise9．A.sorrow B．reliefC．panic D．pain10．A.astonished B．confusedC．concerned D．inspired第二节(共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分)阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个恰当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。AWhydowedream？Scientistsaren’tcompletelysure，andtheyhavediverse11.(idea)．Dreamsmightbeasideeffectofmemorymaking.Whenyousleep，yourbrainsortsthrougheverything12.happenedduringtheday，tryingtolinknewexperiencestooldmemories.Asit13.(connect)things，yourbrainturnsthemintoastory，andyougetadream.BSamisanin­real­lifestreamer(播主)，andhelivestreamshimselfjustgoingabouthisday.Whileridinghisbikehome14.acoldnight，hecameacrossasad­lookingelderlywomanwanderingthestreetsbyherself.Thepoorwomanwasn’tabletogivehimanyinformationabout15.shelived.Samwalkedhertoanearbyconveniencestoresothatshecould16.(safe)waitforthepolicetotakeherhome.CThere17.(be)adramaticriseinthenumberofextremeweathereventsoverthepast20years,18.(cause)largelybyrisingglobaltemperatures，accordingtoanewreportfromtheUnitedNations.From2000to2019，therewere7,348majornaturaldisastersaroundtheworld,19.(result)inUSD2,970billionineconomicloss.Muchofthisincreasecanbeduetoclimatechange.Thefindingsshowacriticalneed20.(invest)indisasterprevention.第二部分阅读理解(共两节，38分)第一节(共14小题；每小题2分，共28分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AIfyouareplanningtostartacareerinthefieldofeducation，science，orculture，thenaninternship(实习)atUNESCOwillbeidealforyou.Whocanapply?Youhavecompletedyourfull­timeuniversitystudies；orYouarestudyinginagraduateprogramforamaster’sdegree.Applicantsintechnicalassignmentsmusthavereachedthelastyearoftheirstudiesinatechnicalinstitution.Whataretherequirements?Youmustbeatleast20yearsold.Youshouldhaveagoodcommand(掌握)ofeitherEnglishorFrench.Youmusthaveanexcellentknowledgeofoffice­relatedsoftware.Youshouldbeabletoworkwellinateamandadapttoaninternationalworkingenvironment.Youshouldpossessstronginterpersonalandcommunicationskills.Whatdoyouneedtoprepare?Visa：Youshouldobtainthenecessaryvisas.Travel：Youmustarrangeandfinanceyourtraveltoandfromthelocationwhereyouwilldoyourinternship.Medicalinsurance：Youmustshowproofofacomprehensivehealthinsurancevalid(有效的)inthetargetcountryfortheentireperiodoftheinternship.UNESCOwillprovidelimitedinsurancecoverageuptoUSD30,000fortheinternshipperiod.Medicalcertificate：Youmustprovideamedicalcertificateindicatingyouarefittowork.Motivationletter：Youshouldhaveyourmotivationletterreadybeforefillingouttheapplicationform.YourapplicationwillbeaccessedbyUNESCOmanagersandwillstayinourdatabaseforsixmonths.Wedonotrespondtoeverycandidate.Ifselected，youwillbecontactedbyamanager.Ifyoudonotreceiveanyupdatewithinsixmonths，itmeansthatyourapplicationhasnotbeensuccessful.21．Accordingtothispassage，applicantsarerequiredto.A．holdamaster’sdegreeinscienceB．haveinternationalworkexperienceC．befluentineitherEnglishorFrenchD．presentaletterfromatechnicalinstitution22．WhatwillUNESCOprovidefortheinternshipperiod?A．Limitedmedicalinsurancecoverage.B．Trainingincommunicationskills.C．Amedicalcertificateforwork.D．Financialsupportfortravel.23．Whatshouldapplicantsdobeforefillingouttheapplicationform?A．ContactUNESCOmanagers.B．Getaccesstothedatabase.C．Keepamotivationletterathand.D．Workinateamforsixmonths.BIrememberthedayduringourfirstweekofclasswhenwewereinformedaboutoursemester(学期)projectofvolunteeringatanon­profitorganization.Whentheteacherintroducedustothedifferentorganizationsthatneededourhelp，mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC)．MyfirstimpressionoftheorganizationwasthatitwasnotgoingtomakeenoughofadifferencewiththeplansIhadinmind.Then，anOICrepresentativegaveussomedetails，whichsomewhatinterestedme.Afterdoingsomeresearch,Ibelievedthatwecouldreallydosomethingforthosekids.WhenIwentonlinetotheOICwebsite，IsawpicturesoftheIraqichildren.Theirfacesweresopowerfulinsendingamessageoftheirdespair(绝望)andneedthatIjoinedthisprojectwithouthesitation.Wedecidedtocollectasmanyschoolsuppliesaspossible，andmakethemintokits—onekit，onechild.Themostrewardingdayforourgroupwasprojectday，whenalltheeffortsweputintocollectingtheitemsfinallycametogether.WhenIsawthevarioussupplieswehadcollected，ithitmethateverykitweweretobuildthatdaywouldeventuallybeinthehandsofanIraqichild.Overthepastfourmonths，IhadneverimaginedhowIwouldfeelonceourprojectwascompleted.Whilemakingthekits，IrealizedthatIhadlostsightofthetruemeaningbehindit.IhadonlyfocusedonthefactthatitwasanotherschoolprojectandoneIwantedtogetagoodgradeon.Whenthekitswerecompleted，andreadytobesentoverseas，thewarmfeelingIhadwasoneIwouldneverforget.Inthebeginning，Idaredmyselftomakeadifferenceinthelifeofanotherperson.Nowthatourprojectisover，IrealizethatIhaveaffectednotonlyonelife，butten.Withourefforts，tenyoungboysandgirlswillnowbeabletofurthertheireducation.24．HowdidtheauthorfeelaboutjoiningtheOICprojectinthebeginning?A．Itwouldaffecthis/herinitialplans.B．Itwouldinvolvetravelingoverseas.C．Itwouldnotbringhim/heragoodgrade.D．Itwouldnotliveuptohis/herexpectations.25．Whatmainlyhelpedtheauthorchangehis/herattitudetowardtheproject?A．ImagesofIraqichildren.B．Researchbyhis/herclassmates.C．Ateacher’sintroduction.D．Arepresentative’scomments.26．Theauthor’sOICprojectgroupwouldhelptenIraqichildrento.A．becomeOICvolunteersB．furthertheireducationC．studyinforeigncountriesD．influenceotherchildren27．Whatcanweconcludefromthispassage?A．One’spotentialcannotalwaysbeunderrated.B．Firstimpressioncannotalwaysbetrusted.C．Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.D．Hewhohesitatesislost.CHundredsofscientists，writersandacademicssoundedawarningtohumanityinanopenletterpublishedlastDecember：Policymakersandtherestofusmustengageopenlywiththeriskofglobalcollapse.Researchersinmanyareashaveprojectedthewidespreadcollapseas“acrediblescenario(情景)thiscentury”．Asurveyofscientistsfoundthatextremeweatherevents，foodinsecurity，andfreshwatershortagesmightcreateglobalcollapse.Ofcourse，ifyouareanon­humanspecies，collapseiswellunderway.Thecallforpublicengagementwiththeunthinkableisespeciallygermaneinthismomentofstill­uncontrolledpandemicandeconomiccrisesintheworld’smosttechnologicallyadvancednations.Notverylongago，itwasalsounthinkablethataviruswouldshutdownnationsandthatsafetynetswouldbeprovensodisastrouslylackinginflexibility.Theinternationalscholars’warningletterdoesn’tsayexactlywhatcollapsewilllooklikeorwhenitmighthappen.Collapseology，thestudyofcollapse，ismoreconcernedwithidentifyingtrendsandwiththemthedangersofeverydaycivilization.Amongthesignatories(签署者)ofthewarningwasBobJohnson，theoriginatorofthe“ecologicalfootprint”concept，whichmeasuresthetotalamountofenvironmentalinputneededtomaintainagivenlifestyle.Withthecurrentfootprintofhumanity，“itseemsthatglobalcollapseiscertaintohappeninsomeform，possiblywithinadecade，certainlywithinthiscentury，”Johnsonsaidinanemail.“Onlyifwediscusstheconsequencesofourbiophysicallimits，”theDecemberwarninglettersays，“canwehavethehopetoreducetheirspeed，severityandharm.”Andyetmessengersofthecomingdisturbancearelikelytobeignored.Weallwanttohopethingswillturnoutfine.Asapoetwrote，Manisavictimofdope(麻醉品)Intheincurableformofhope.Thehundredsofscholarswhosignedtheletterareintent(执着)onquietinghopethatignorespreparedness.“Let’slookdirectlyintotheissueofcollapse，”theysay，“anddealwiththeterriblepossibilitiesofwhatweseetheretomakethebestofatroublingfuture.”28．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“germane”inParagraph3probablymean?A．Scientific. B．Credible.C．Original. D．Relevant.29．Asforthepublicawarenessofglobalcollapse，theauthoris.A．worried B．puzzledC．surprised D．scared30．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Thesignatoriesmaychangethebiophysicallimits.B．Theauthoragreeswiththemessageofthepoem.C．Theissueofcollapseisbeingprioritized.D．Theglobalcollapseiswellunderway.DEarlyfifth­centuryphilosopherSt.Augustinefamouslywrotethatheknewwhattimewasunlesssomeoneaskedhim.AlbertEinsteinaddedanotherwrinklewhenhetheorizedthattimevariesdependingonwhereyoumeasureit.Today’sstate­of­the­artatomic(原子的)clockshaveprovenEinsteinright.Evenadvancedphysicscan’tdecisivelytelluswhattimeis，becausetheanswerdependsonthequestionyou’reasking.Forgetabouttimeasanabsolute.Whatif，insteadofconsideringtimeintermsofastronomy，werelatedtimetoecology？Whatifweallowedenvironmentalconditionstosetthetempo(节奏)ofhumanlife？We’reincreasinglyawareofthefactthatwecan’tcontrolEarthsystemswithengineeringalone，andrealizingthatweneedtomoderate(调节)ouractionsifwehopetoliveinbalance.Whatifourdefinitionoftimereflectedthat?Recently，Iconceptualizedanewapproachtotimekeepingthat’sconnectedtocircumstancesonourplanet，conditionsthatmightchangeasaresultofglobalwarming.We’renowbuildingaclockattheAnchorageMuseumthatreflectsthetotalflowofseveralmajorAlaskanrivers，whicharesensitivetolocalandglobalenvironmentalchanges.We’veprogrammedittomatchanatomicclockifthewaterwayscontinuetoflowattheirpresentrate.Iftheriversrunfasterinthefutureonaverage，theclockwillgetaheadofstandardtime.Iftheyrunslower，you’llseetheoppositeeffect.Theclockregistersbothshort­termirregularitiesandlong­termtrendsinriverdynamics.It’sasortofobservatorythatrevealshowtheriversarebehavingfromtheirowntemporalframe(时间框架)，andallowsustowitnessthosechangesonoursmartwatchesorphones.AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiverTimewillliveinharmonywiththeplanet.Anyonewhoconsidersrivertimeinrelationtoatomictimewillencounteramajorimbalanceandmaybemotivatedtocounteractitbyconsuminglessfuelorsupportinggreenerpolicies.Evenifthismethodoftimekeepingisnovelinitsparticulars，earlyagriculturalsocietiesalsoconnectedtimetonaturalphenomena.Inpre­ClassicalGreece，forinstance，people“corrected”officialcalendarsbyshiftingdatesforwardorbackwardtoreflectthechangeofseason.Temporalconnectiontotheenvironmentwasvitaltotheirsurvival.Likewise，rivertimeandothertimekeepingsystemswe’redevelopingmayencourageenvironmentalawareness.WhenSt.Augustineadmittedhisinabilitytodefinetime,hehighlightedoneoftime’smostnoticeablequalities：Timebecomesmeaningfulonlyinadefinedcontext.Anytimekeepingsystemisvalid，andeachisaspraiseworthyasitspurpose.31．WhatisthemainideaofParagraph1?A．Timekeepingisincreasinglyrelatedtonature.B．Everyonecandefinetimeontheirownterms.C．Thequalitiesoftimevarywithhowyoumeasureit.D．Timeisamajorconcernofphilosophersandscientists.32．TheauthorraisesthreequestionsinParagraph2mainlyto.A．presentanassumptionB．evaluateanargumentC．highlightanexperimentD．introduceanapproach33．Whatcanwelearnfromthispassage?A．Thosewhodonotgoonrivertimewillliveanimbalancedlife.B．NewwaysofmeasuringtimecanhelptocontrolEarthsystems.C．Atomictimewillgetaheadofrivertimeiftheriversrunslower.D．Moderntechnologymayhelptoshapetherivers’temporalframe.34．Whatcanweinferfromthispassage?A．Itiscrucialtoimprovethedefinitionoftime.B．Afixedframewillmaketimemeaningless.C．Weshouldliveinharmonywithnature.D．Historyisamirrorreflectingreality.第二节(共5小题；每小题2分，共10分)根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Musichaslongbeenconsideredtobeanenjoyablepastimeformanypeople.35Thementalhealthbenefitsfrommusiccan’tbeargued.Musiccouldalsobehelpingyouwithmanyotherhealthproblemsbehindthescenes.36However，forthesamereason，musiccanbeverybeneficialifoneisinpain.Bydistracting(分心)themindfromthepain，music，peoplesay，canlowerstressandanxietylevels.This，ofcourse，canleadtolesspain.Manypeopleenjoyrelaxingmusicintheeveningpriortogoingtobed.37Whilethevalidityoftheideaisstillbeingassessed，theloweredstresscanevenbetiedbacktobloodpressure.Similarly，accordingtoresearchers，listeningtojust30minutesofsoftmusiceverydaymayhelpwithhealthybloodsugarlevels,throughtheloweringofstressandanxiety.Whenitcomestohearthealth，thereisspeculation(推测)thatit’snotthestyleofmusic,butratherthetempothatmakesitsogoodforyourhearthealth.InoneEuropeanstudy，participantslistenedtomusicastheresearchersmonitoredtheirheartratesandbloodpressure.38Ontheotherhand，whenthemusicslowed，theparticipants’stressandanxietylevelsbecamelowerandtheeffectsonheartratesappearedtofollowsuit.39Butthereisawholerangeofotherhealthissuesthatturninguptheradiocouldbebeneficialfor，whichiswhatmakesmusicsovaluable.A．Thisfeelingcanalsoresultinmanyotherhealthproblems.B．Someexpertssaythatmusiccanbeharmfulifitistooloud.C．Thisideaisalittleoff­the­wallbutstillhasscientificbacking.D．Theysayitcanplayabigroleincalmingthebrainenoughtosleep.E．Theimplicationsofmusiconoverallwell­beingarereallyimpressive.F．Itisalsohighlypopularduetotheindividualizedeffectsonstressandanxiety.G．Interestingly，themorecheerfulthemusicwas，thefastertheirheartrateswere.第三部分书面表达(共两节，32分)第一节(共4小题；第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分)阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。Recentresearchsuggeststhatifanargumentgetsresolved，theemotionalresponsetiedtoitissignificantlyreducedoralmostcompletelyerased.Thus，itmaybeworthbringingupissueswithyourfriends,familymembers，orclassmatesratherthanholdingthemback.Thereisadifferencebetweenarguingandfighting.Arguingisthatyouandyouropponentpresentyourconcernsanddiscussthefeelingsandissuesrelatedtothoseconcerns.Youcanengageinanargumentrespectfullywithoutstirringup(激起)anger.Fighting，however，usuallyinvolvespersonalattacks，raisingofvoices,andstormingout.Discussingyourissuesandresolvingtheminsteadofstuffingthemdowncanimproveyouremotionalhealth.Inastudy,2,000peoplewereaskedtorecordtheirfeelingsandexperiencesforeightdaysinarow.Whenpeoplehadanargumentthattheyconsideredresolved,theyhadhalfthereactivity(情绪反应)ofthosewhoavoidedanargument.Reactivityisanincreaseinnegativeemotionsoradecreaseinpositiveemotions.Inotherwords，resolvinganargumentcutsyournegativefeelingsbyhalf.Onedaylater,peoplewhohadaresolvedargumentreportednoincreaseofnegativeemotionscomparedwiththosewhoavoidedanargument.Thismeansthatresolvinganargumentcanfeellikeyouhavereachedastateofresolution—andyouarelesslikelytobeannoyed.Moreover，theolderyouare，themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument.Thismaybebecausemorelifeexperienceusuallyleadstomoredefinedpriorities.Youaremorelikelytodistinguishbetweenwhatmattersandwhatdoesnot.Itiseasiertoavoidadiscussion，butriskingtalkingaboutitmayeventuallyleadtoabetteroutcome.40．Accordingtothispassage，whatisarguing?41．Whyisitthat“theolderyouare,themorelikelyyouwillcometoaresolutionafteranargument”？42．Pleasedecidewhichpartisfalseinthefollowingstatement，thenunderlineitandexplainwhy.Resolvingargumentscanimproveyouremotionalhealth，becauseitincreasesyourreactivityandreducesthechanceofyougettingangry.43．Inadditiontoimprovingemotionalhealth，whatdoyouthinkaresomeotherbenefitsofresolvinganargument?(Inabout40words)第二节(20分)假设你是红星中学高三学生李华。你和英国好友Jim原定本周末一起外出，你因故不能赴约。请你用英文给他写一封电子邮件，内容包括：1．表达歉意并说明原因；2．提出建议并给出理由。注意：1词数100左右；2．开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。DearJim，Yours，LiHua

答案精析第一部分知识运用第一节语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。火车上一名男子一直观察着一位带着孩子的年轻女士，这让女士感到很恼火。夜幕降临，女士刚睡着不久，她怀中的男孩就想爬车窗。在小男孩即将摔下来的时候，这个男子迅速抓住了男孩，救下了他。1．C解析根据第二段中的“Hewasstillstaringather.”和最后一段中的“watching”可知，这名男子一直看着这位靠窗坐着的女士。C项意为“观看，观察”，符合语境。2．A解析根据该句中的“Thewoman’seyefellontheman’sface，andsheimmediatelylookeddown”可知，女士看了下男子的面孔，然后立即低下头“调整”了围巾。故A项正确。3．D解析根据该句中的“theseatsweresouncomfortablethatonlyaveryheavysleepercouldmanagetoget”并结合常识可推知，座位很不舒服，只有睡得很沉的人才能得到片刻休息。故D项正确。4．C解析根据上句中的“withfireinhereyes”可知，女士开始生气了。再结合该句中的“too”可推知，空处应与“withfireinhereyes”同义，故C项正确。5．B解析根据该句中的“butthewomandroppedofftosleep”可知，空处想表达的意思应与此处相反，即虽然女士睡着了，但怀中的男孩还醒着。B项意为“仍然”，符合语境。6．B解析根据下文中的“climboutofthewindow”并结合语境可以判断，趁着母亲入睡，这个男孩开始爬半开着的车窗。B项意为“攀登；爬”，符合语境。7．A解析根据该句中的“justbeforehefellout”和最后一段中的“hegavethechildbacktoher”可知，男子跳起身，在男孩跌落之前抓住了他，救了他一命。A项意为“抓住”，符合语境。8．D解析根据该句中的“wokeupthewoman”和上文男子抓住快要跌下窗的男孩并结合常识可知，此处应该是响声惊醒了女士。故D项正确。9．C解析根据上文可知，女士被响声惊醒，她的孩子爬车窗快跌下窗时被男子救下了。据此可以判断，她被吵醒后看见这一幕应该是恐慌的。panic惊恐，恐慌，符合语境。10．A解析根据男子说的话可知，他注意到男孩一直在寻找机会爬窗，所以一直在观察他。再结合上文描述的女士对男子一直看他们这种行为的愤怒可以判断，“我”和女士一样，对男子的行为“感到非常惊讶”，故A项正确。第二节A语篇解读这是一篇说明文。本文介绍了做梦的原因：夜晚的时候，大脑会将白天的信息编撰成故事。11．ideas解析考查名词单复数。idea为可数名词，根据空前的diverse“各种各样的”可知，此处应用idea的复数形式。12．that解析考查定语从句。分析句子成分可知，空处引导定语从句，修饰先行词everything，并在从句中作主语；先行词为不定代词，故用that引导。13．connects解析考查动词的时态、语态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，该句陈述的是客观事实，故用一般现在时；该句主语为it，所以谓语动词应用第三人称单数形式；且主语和谓语动词之间为主动关系，故用connects。B语篇解读这是一篇记叙文。主播Sam夜晚骑自行车回家时遇到一个不知家住何处的老奶奶，他将老奶奶带到便利店，等待警察送她回家。14．on解析考查介词。on后接特定的时间，“acoldnight”意为“一个寒冷的夜晚”，表示特定时间，故用介词on。15．where解析考查宾语从句。根据语境和分析句子结构可知，空处引导宾语从句，并在从句中作地点状语，表示这位老奶奶不知道自己住在何处，故用where引导宾语从句。16．safely解析考查副词。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词wait，修饰动词应用副词，故用safe的副词形式。C语篇解读这是一篇说明文。近20年来，全球气候变暖导致极端气候事件发生的次数急剧增加，导致了许多重大自然灾害的发生，这使得人类遭受了巨大的经济损失。我们必须找到方法解决这一问题。17．hasbeen解析考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据时间状语“overthepast20years”可知，该处用现在完成时；主语为“adramaticrise”，故谓语动词用第三人称单数形式，故填hasbeen。18．caused解析考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，cause与extremeweatherevents为逻辑上的动宾关系，故填caused。19．resulting解析考查非谓语动词。此处表示从2000年到2019年，全球共发生7348起重大自然灾害，造成经济损失29700亿美元。分析句子结构可知，空处为非谓语动词，result与majornaturaldisasters之间为主谓关系，应用现在分词形式表示自然而然的结果，故填resulting。20．toinvest解析考查动词不定式。名词need“需要”后一般用动词不定式作后置定语，故填toinvest。第二部分阅读理解第一节Aeq\x(语篇解读本文是一篇应用文，主要讲的是联合国教科文组织的实习项目。)21．C解析细节理解题。由题干关键词“applicantsarerequired”定位至Whataretherequirements？部分，根据该部分中的“Youshouldhave...EnglishorFrench.”可知，申请人须精通英语或者法语，故C项正确。22．A解析细节理解题。由题干关键词“providefortheinternshipperiod”可定位至Whatdoyouneedtoprepare？部分，根据该部分中的“UNESCOwillprovide...theinternshipperiod.”可知，联合国教科文组织将为实习生提供有限的医疗保险。故A项正确。23．C解析细节理解题。由题干关键词“theapplicationform”可定位至Whatdoyouneedtoprepare？部分，根据该部分中的“Motivationletter：Youshould...form.”可知，在填写申请表之前，申请人必须有动机信，故C项正确。B语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。作者在网站上看到伊拉克儿童的面孔后感受到了他们的绝望和需求。于是，作者和其他志愿者决定为伊拉克儿童尽可能多地收集学习用品，这使得十名伊拉克儿童得以继续接受教育。24．D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中的“mylastchoicewasOperationIraqiChildren(OIC)”和本段尾句“Myfirstimpression...Ihadinmind.”可知，作者一开始认为该组织与心中的期望不符，故D项正确。25．A解析细节理解题。根据第二段第四句“Theirfaceswereso...withouthesitation.”可知，伊拉克儿童的面孔有力地传达了他们的绝望和需要，所以作者毫不犹豫地加入了这个项目。据此可知，伊拉克儿童的形象是作者改变对这一项目的态度的主要原因，故A项正确。26．B解析细节理解题。根据本文尾句“Withourefforts...furthertheireducation.”可知，在作者和其他志愿者的努力下，十名伊拉克儿童得以继续接受教育，故B项正确。27．B解析推理判断题。根据第一段尾句“Myfirstimpression...inmind.”可知，作者对伊拉克儿童行动组织的第一印象并不好，认为该组织与自己的期望不符；根据第二段第四句“Theirfaceswere...withouthesitation.”可知，当看到伊拉克儿童的面孔有力地传达了他们的绝望和需要时，作者决定加入这一组织；再根据尾段可知，通过加入这一组织，作者影响了十名伊拉克儿童。据此可以推知，第一印象并不可信。故B项正确。C语篇解读本文是一篇议论文。文章介绍了极端天气、食品不安全和饮用水短缺等问题会导致全球崩溃，并且许多领域的研究者们一致认为这样的情况很可能在本世纪出现。几百位科学家、作家和学者发出警告：政策制定者和我们其他所有人必须公开参与，努力降低全球崩溃风险。28．D解析词义猜测题。根据第三段第一句可知，在当前技术最先进的一些国家，新冠肺炎疫情仍未得到控制，经济危机蔓延，因此，呼吁公众参与这些不可思议的事情是尤为恰当的，D项与画线词的意义最为接近。germane贴切，恰当，与……有密切关系；relevant紧密相关的，切题的。故选D。29．A解析观点态度题。根据第五段中的“Andyetmessengersofthecomingdisturbancearelikelytobeignored...turnoutfine.”可知，人们很可能选择忽视这些警示信息，我们都希望事情能顺利。由此可推断，这会让作者感到很担心，故A项正确。30．B解析推理判断题。结合第五段最后一句可知，“正如一位诗人写的”是为了说明作者前面的观点，因此作者对于这一观点是赞成的，故B项正确。D语篇解读这是一篇议论文。时间并不是一个绝对值，没有人可以很准确地说出时间。作者最近提出了一种新的计时方式，以自然活动为参考来记录时间，从而增强人们关爱自然、与自然和谐相处的意识。31．B解析段落大意题。第一段的前两句列举圣·奥古斯丁和爱因斯坦的例子是为了说明最后一句“Evenadvancedphysicscan’tdecisivelytelluswhattimeis，becausetheanswerdependsonthequestionyou’reasking.”，由此可知本段主要讲每个人都有自己判断时间的标准，故B项正确。32．D解析推理判断题。根据第二段中的三个问句和第三段首句中的“anewapproach”可知，这些问题的提出都是为了引出下一段中作者提出的一种新的计时方法，故D项“介绍一种方法”正确。33．C解析推理判断题。根据第三段中的“Iftheriversrunfasterinthefutureonaverage，theclockwillgetaheadofstandardtime.Iftheyrunslower，you’llseetheoppositeeffect.”可推断，如果将来河流的平均流速更快，那么河流时间会比标准时间(原子表)走得快，反之亦然，故C项正确。34．C解析推理判断题。根据第四段中的“AnyonewhooptstogoonAlaskaMeanRiverTimewillliveinharmonywiththeplanet...consuminglessfuelorsupportinggreenerpolicies.”可以推断，我们应该与自然和谐相处，故C项正确。第二节语篇解读本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了听