2026年山东省部编版九年级英语上册阅读理解专项训练习题

2026年山东省部编版九年级英语上册阅读理解专项训练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Inthepassage"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorprimarilyuseswhichwritingtechniquetodescribehowtreescommunicatewitheachother?A.Metaphor,comparingtreestohumanbeingsintheircommunicationmethods.B.Expositorywriting,providingscientificfactsabouttreecommunication.C.Narrativestorytelling,recountingpersonalexperienceswithforesttrees.D.Persuasivelanguage,arguingfortheimportanceofprotectingtrees.解析：ThecorrectanswerisA.Thepassageemploysmetaphortovividlyillustratetreecommunication,suchasdescribingundergroundfungalnetworksas"treeinternet."OptionBisincorrectbecausethetextbalancesfactswithimaginativecomparisons.OptionCiswrongasitlackspersonalanecdotes.OptionDisirrelevantsincethefocusisondescription,notpersuasion.2.Accordingto"TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities,"whatisthemainpurposeofthearticle?A.Toconvincereadersthatunderwatercitiesarethefutureofhumanhabitation.B.Toinformreadersaboutthechallengesandtechnologiesusedinbuildingunderwatercities.C.Toentertainreaderswithfictionalstoriesoflifeinunderwatercities.D.Tocriticizegovernmentsfornotinvestingenoughinunderwaterresearch.解析：ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassagedetailsengineeringfeats(e.g.,pressure-resistantmaterials)andenvironmentalconcerns,aligningwithinformativeintent.OptionAistoostrong;thetextpresentspossibilities,notadvocacy.OptionCisincorrectasit’sanon-fictionalaccount.OptionDintroducesunrelatedcriticismabsentinthepassage.3.In"TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes,"howdoestheauthordevelopthecentralideathatclimatechangeisakeyfactor?A.Bypresentingonlystatisticsaboutlakeshrinkagewithoutexplanation.B.Byquotingscientistswhodenythelinkbetweenclimatechangeandlakedisappearance.C.Byusingevidencesuchasrisingtemperaturesandreducedrainfallinaffectedregions.D.Byfocusingsolelyonhistoricalaccountsoflakesizesfromthe20thcentury.解析：ThecorrectanswerisC.Thepassagecitesspecificdata(e.g.,"lakesintheHimalayashaveshrunkby20%since2000")andlinksittobroaderclimatetrends.OptionAlackscontext.OptionBcontradictsthepassage’sstance.OptionDignoresrecentscientificfindings.4."ThePowerofSmallActs"emphasizeswhichlessonforreaders?A.Thatindividualeffortsareuselessinsolvingglobalproblems.B.Thatonlylarge-scaleorganizationscanmakemeaningfulchanges.C.Thatsmall,consistentactionscancollectivelycreatesignificantimpact.D.Thatenvironmentalactivismisunnecessaryforyoungergenerations.解析：ThecorrectanswerisC.Thepassageusesexampleslike"plantingonetreeperyear"todemonstratecumulativeeffects.OptionAistheoppositeofthemessage.OptionBdismissesgrassrootsefforts.OptionDmisrepresentsthetext’sinclusivetone.5.Whatistheprimarypurposeoftheadverb"surprisingly"inthesentence"Surprisingly,theancientruinswerediscoverednearthemoderncity"?A.Toemphasizetheunexpectedlocationoftheruins.B.Toprovideadditionalinformationaboutthecity’sage.C.Tocontrasttheruinswiththecity’smodernarchitecture.D.Tosuggestthattheruinswereintentionallyhidden.解析：ThecorrectanswerisA."Surprisingly"highlightstheunexpectedjuxtapositionofancientandmodernsites,akeypointinthepassage.OptionBisirrelevanttotheadverb’sfunction.OptionCintroducesacomparisonnotsupportedinthetext.OptionDaddsspeculationabsentinthepassage.6.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"howdoestheauthorusetheexampleof"treelanguage"toengagereaders?A.Bypresentingitasaliteral,spokenlanguagelikehumancommunication.B.Bycomparingittohumanlanguagesintermsofcomplexityanddepth.C.Bydismissingitasamythtomaintainscientificobjectivity.D.Byignoringitentirelytofocusontreegrowthpatterns.解析：ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassagelikenschemicalsignals(e.g.,ethylene)tolinguisticcodes,drawingparallelstohumanlanguagesystems.OptionAmisrepresentsthenon-verbalnatureoftreesignals.OptionCcontradictsthetext’sacceptanceoftheconcept.OptionDignoresacentralmetaphorinthepassage.7.Accordingto"TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities,"whattechnologicalchallengedoengineersface?A.Ensuringthecitiescanfloatwithoutsinking.B.Designingairlocksthatwithstandextremewaterpressure.C.Providingenoughsunlightforplantstogrowinside.D.Creatingnoise-proofhabitatsformarinelife.解析：ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassagediscussesmaterialsliketitaniumforpressureresistance,directlyaddressingstructuralengineering.OptionAisincorrectasunderwatercitiesarefixed.OptionCisirrelevanttothetechnologicalfocus.OptionDintroducesanon-issueinthetext.8.In"TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes,"whydoestheauthorincludequotesfromlocalfishermen?A.Toarguethatfishingactivitiesarethemaincauseoflakeshrinkage.B.Toprovidefirsthandaccountsoftheenvironmentalchanges.C.Tocriticizethegovernmentfornotlisteningtofishermen.D.Tohumorouslydescribethefishermen’sstruggles.解析：ThecorrectanswerisB.Fishermen’sobservations(e.g.,"fisharehardertofindnow")offerreal-worldevidenceofecologicalshifts.OptionAmisinterpretstheirrole.OptionCintroducesbiasabsentinthepassage.OptionDignorestheserioustoneofthetext.9."ThePowerofSmallActs"useswhichrhetoricaldevicetostrengthenitsmessage?A.Repetitionofthephrase"smallacts"toannoyreaders.B.Anecdotesofordinarypeoplemakingextraordinarychanges.C.Statisticaldataaboutglobalenvironmentaldecline.D.Exaggeratedclaimsabouttheauthor’spersonalheroism.解析：ThecorrectanswerisB.Thepassagefeaturesstorieslike"thewomanwhocleaned10,000plasticbottlesfromabeach."OptionAistheoppositeoftheeffect.OptionCismentionedbutnottheprimarydevice.OptionDintroducesapersonalelementnotcentraltothetext.10.Howdoesthepassage"TheSecretLifeofTrees"usethephrase"woodwideweb"toexplaintreecommunication?A.Tosuggesttreeshaveliteralinternetconnections.B.Tocompareundergroundfungalnetworkstoaglobalnetwork.C.ToclaimtreesuseWi-Fiforcommunication.D.Toimplytreesaresentientbeingslikehumans.解析：ThecorrectanswerisB.Thephrasemetaphoricallydescribesinterconnectedfungalsystemsthattransfernutrientsandsignals,likeanetwork.OptionAisamisunderstandingofthemetaphor.OptionCintroducesmoderntechnologyabsentinthetext.OptionDoverstatesthepassage’sscientificclaims.二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.In"TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities,"theauthormentionsthatthefirstunderwatercity,"AquaSphere,"wasbuiltusing______towithstandoceanpressure.参考答案：Reinforcedconcreteandspecialalloys解析：Thepassagedetailstheuseofmaterialslikereinforcedconcreteandtitaniumalloysintheconstructionof"AquaSphere,"emphasizingtheirdurability.Theanswerisderivedfromthetext’stechnicaldescription.2.Accordingto"TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes,"thearticlestatesthattheAralSeahasshrunkby______sincethe1960s.参考答案：90%解析：Thepassagecites"theAralSeahaslost90%ofitsvolume"asakeyexampleofclimateimpact.Thenumberisexplicitlymentioned.3."ThePowerofSmallActs"includesanexamplewhereahighschoolstudentplanted______treesintheirneighborhoodtocombatdeforestation.参考答案：500解析：Thetextdescribesastudent’sinitiative:"Overthreeyears,sheplanted500trees,restoringlocalbiodiversity."Theexactfigureisprovided.4.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorexplainsthattreesrelease______gastowarnneighboringtreesofdanger.参考答案：Ethylene解析：Thepassagedetailshowtreesemitethylenewhenattackedbypests,triggeringdefensivemechanismsinnearbytrees.5."TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"discusseshowthecityof"Biosphere2"uses______torecyclewaterandair.参考答案：Closed-loopsystems解析：Thetextmentions"Biosphere2employsclosed-loopsystemsforwaterandairrecycling,"highlightingitsself-sustainingdesign.6.Accordingto"TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes,"thearticleattributesthedryingoftheOkavangoDeltato______changesinrainfallpatterns.参考答案：Altered解析：Thepassagenotes"theOkavangoDeltaisdryingduetoalteredrainfallpatterns,"linkingclimatechangetothephenomenon.7."ThePowerofSmallActs"quotesascientistwhosaysthatevery______personcancontributetoenvironmentalprotection.参考答案：Individual解析：Thetextincludesaquote:"Everyindividualcanmakeadifference,"emphasizingpersonalresponsibility.8.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorcomparestheundergroundfungalnetworktoa______,connectingtreesacrossdistances.参考答案：Network解析：Thepassageusesthemetaphor:"Thefungalnetworkactslikeatreeinternet,sharingresources."9."TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"mentionsthatthecityof"Oceanus"relieson______forenergy.参考答案：Tidalpower解析：Thetextdescribes"Oceanusgeneratespowerfromtidalcurrents,"highlightingrenewableenergyuse.10.Accordingto"TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes,"thearticlesuggeststhatreducing______canhelpslowlakeshrinkage.参考答案：Waterusage解析：Thepassageadvises"reducingwaterextractionfromrivers"topreservelakes,linkinghumanactivitytosolutions.三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1."TheSecretLifeofTrees"claimsthattreescancommunicatethroughspokenlanguagelikehumans.参考答案：False解析：Thepassageexplainstreecommunicationviachemicalsignals,notspokenlanguage.Thestatementmisrepresentsthetext.2."TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"suggeststhatunderwatercitiesareonlyfeasibleinthefuture,notcurrentlybuilt.参考答案：True解析：Thetextdiscussestheoreticaldesignsandchallenges,implyingcurrentconstructionisimpossible.3."TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes"blameslocalfishermenentirelyfortheshrinkingoflakes.参考答案：False解析：Thepassageblamesclimatechangeandwaterextraction,notsolelyfishermen.Thestatementovergeneralizes.4."ThePowerofSmallActs"encouragesreaderstogiveuphopeiftheiractionsseemsmall.参考答案：False解析：Thepassageemphasizesthatevensmallactionsmatter,directlycontradictingthestatement.5.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorstatesthatalltreeshavethesametypeofcommunicationsystem.参考答案：False解析：Thepassagementionsdifferentmethods(e.g.,chemicalvs.electricalsignals),sotheclaimisincorrect.6."TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"describes"AquaSphere"asafloatingcity,notfixedtotheoceanfloor.参考答案：True解析：Thetextstates"AquaSpherefloatsonthesurfaceusingbuoyantstructures,"confirmingthedescription.7."TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes"providesasolutiontolakeshrinkagebyplantingmoretrees.参考答案：False解析：Thepassagefocusesoncauses(climatechange)butdoesn’tsuggesttreeplantingasasolution.8."ThePowerofSmallActs"includesastudyshowingthat80%ofenvironmentalimprovementscomefromlargecorporations.参考答案：False解析：Thetexthighlightsindividualefforts,notcorporatedominance.Thestatementcontradictsthemessage.9.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthorusestheterm"woodwideweb"literallytodescribeaphysicalnetwork.参考答案：False解析：Thephraseisametaphorforfungalconnections,notaliteralnetwork.Thestatementmisinterpretstheterm.10."TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"mentionsthat"Oceanus"hasalreadybeenbuiltandisinhabited.参考答案：False解析：Thetextdescribes"Oceanus"asafutureproject,notabuiltcity.Thestatementisincorrect.四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.Explainhow"TheSecretLifeofTrees"usesscientificevidencetosupportitsclaimsabouttreecommunication.参考答案：Thepassagecitesstudiesonchemicalsignals(e.g.,ethylene)andelectricalimpulsesintrees.Forexample,itmentions"researchersatYaleUniversityfoundthatdamagedtreesreleaseethylene,whichalertsnearbytreestopreparedefenses."Thisevidencestrengthenstheargumentthattreescommunicateactively.2.Whatisthemainargumentof"TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities,"andhowdoesitrelatetofuturehumanhabitation?参考答案：Themainargumentisthatunderwatercitiesaretechnicallypossiblebutfacesignificantchallenges(e.g.,pressureresistance).Thepassagerelatesthistofuturehabitationbysuggestingtheycouldhousemillionsincoastalareasthreatenedbyrisingsealevels.3.Describeoneway"TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes"connectsclimatechangetolakeshrinkage.参考答案：Thepassagelinksclimatechangetoreducedrainfallandincreasedevaporation,asseenintheAralSea:"Risingtemperatureshavecausedrainfalltodropby30%intheregion,acceleratinglakeshrinkage."4.Howdoes"ThePowerofSmallActs"motivatereaderstotakeenvironmentalaction?参考答案：Thetextmotivatesreadersbyshowingreal-worldexamples(e.g.,thestudentwhoplanted500trees).Itemphasizesthatcollectivesmallactionscanleadtobigchanges,inspiringconfidenceinpersonalimpact.5.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"whatisthesignificanceofthemetaphor"woodwideweb"?参考答案：Themetaphorhighlightshowfungalnetworksconnecttrees,sharingresourceslikenutrients.Itunderscorestheinterconnectednessofecosystems,illustratingthatindividualtreesarepartofalargercommunity.6.Whattechnologicalinnovationdoes"TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"discussforsustainableliving?参考答案：Thepassagementionsclosed-loopsystemsforrecyclingwaterandair,reducingwaste.Forexample:"Biosphere2usesaclosed-loopsystemtorecycle92%ofitswater,minimizingenvironmentalimpact."7.Explainhow"TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes"usesstatisticstosupportitsargument.参考答案：Thearticleusesspecificdatalike"theAralSeahaslost90%ofitsvolumesince1960"toquantifythecrisis.Thesestatisticsprovideconcreteevidenceoftheseverityoflakeshrinkage.8.Whatisthetoneof"ThePowerofSmallActs,"andhowdoesitinfluencethereader?参考答案：Thetoneishopefulandencouraging,asseeninphraseslike"everyindividualcanmakeadifference."Thisinspiresreaderstobelievetheireffortsarevaluable,evenifsmall.五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.Imagineyouarewritingashortarticleforaschoolmagazineabout"TheSecretLifeofTrees."Howwouldyouexplaintreecommunicationtoyourpeers?参考答案："Treescommunicateusingchemicalslikeethyleneandelectricalsignals.Whenonetreeisdamaged,itreleasesethylene,whichalertsnearbytreestostrengthentheirdefenses.Scientistscomparethistoatreeinternet,showingthatevenisolatedtreesareconnectedunderground.Thisdiscoveryteachesusthatnatureismoreinterconnectedthanwethink."2."TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"mentionsthechallengesofbuildingindeepwater.Howwouldyouproposeasolutiontothepressureproblem?参考答案：Tosolvepressurechallenges,engineerscouldusecompositematerialslikecarbonfiberreinforcedpolymers,whicharelightweightyetstrong.Additionally,modulardesignscouldallowsectionstobereplacedorrepairedunderwater,reducingconstructionrisks.3."TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes"statesthatclimatechangeiscausinglakestodryup.Whatpersonalactioncouldyoutaketohelp?参考答案：Icouldreducewaterusageathomebyfixingleaks,takingshortershowers,andusingdrought-resistantplantsingardening.Theseactionscontributetoconservingwater,whichhelpsslowlakeshrinkagebyreducingdemand.4."ThePowerofSmallActs"includesastoryaboutacommunityclean-up.Howwouldyouorganizeasimilareventinyourschool?参考答案：Iwouldformacommitteetoplanacampusclean-up,partneringwithlocalenvironmentalgroups.We’ddistributetrashbags,gloves,andwater,andsetadate.Posterswould宣传theeventtoencourageparticipation,emphasizingthatcollectiveeffortcanmakeabigdifference.5.In"TheSecretLifeofTrees,"theauthordiscusseshowtreessharenutrientsthroughfungalnetworks.Howdoesthisrelatetoforestconservation?参考答案：Understandingtreecommunicationhelpsconservationistsprotectentireecosystems.Forexample,preservingfungalnetworkscanpreventtreedie-offs,ensuringforesthealth.Thisknowledgealsosupportsreforestationeffortsbymimickingnaturalprocesses.6."TheHiddenWorldofUnderwaterCities"mentionsenergychallenges.Howcouldtidalpowersolvethis?参考答案：Tidalpowerharnesseskineticenergyfromoceancurrents,asseenin"Oceanus."Thisrenewableenergycouldpowerunderwatercitiessustainably,reducingrelianceonfossilfuels.Tidalgeneratorscouldbeinstalledincitylayoutstocapturethisenergyefficiently.7."TheMysteryoftheVanishingLakes"blamesover-extractionforlakeshrinkage.Howwouldyouproposeapolicytoaddressthis?参考答案：Apolicycouldlimitwaterextractionfromriversfeedinglakes,enforcingquotasbasedonscientificstudies.Additionally,incentivizingwater-savingtechnologiesinagricultureandindustrywouldreducedemand,protectinglakelevels.8."ThePowerofSmallActs"encouragespeopletoeducateothers.Howwouldyouspreadawarenessabouttreecommunication?参考答案：Iwouldcreateasocialmediacampaignwithinfographicsexplainingtreecommunication.Atschool,I’dorganizeapresentationwithvideosandreal-worldexamples.Partneringwithalocal