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-2026年甘肃考研英语考试(真题)试卷PartIMultipleChoice(50points)(1)Nosoonerhadheenteredtheroom______thetelephonerang.()AwhenBthanCthenDand答案:B解析:考查固定搭配和倒装句。"Nosooner...than..."是固定搭配,意为"一……就……"。当Nosooner位于句首时,主句需使用部分倒装结构(hadheentered)。than引导时间状语从句。句意:他刚一进房间,电话就响了。故选B。(2)HardlyhadIenteredtheroom______thephonerang.()AthanBwhenCasDwhile答案:B解析:本题考查倒装句和固定搭配。句意:我刚一进入房间,电话就响了。"Hardly...when..."是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时,句子需要部分倒装,且主句通常使用过去完成时,when引导的从句使用一般过去时。注意区分"Nosooner...than..."。因此选B。(3)______hehaslimitedknowledgeofthesubject,hehasabroadvision.()AAsBWhileCSinceDUnless答案:B解析:本题考查连词辨析。句意:虽然他对这门学科的知识有限,但他有着广阔的视野。A.As意为“因为”或“当……时”;B.While意为“虽然”、“尽管”,用于引导让步状语从句,表示对比或转折;C.Since意为“自从”或“因为”;D.Unless意为“除非”。根据句意,前后分句存在转折/让步关系,While符合语境。故选B。(4)Itishightimethatwe______measurestoprotecttheenvironment.()AtakeBtookCwilltakeDhavetaken答案:B解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在"Itis(high/about)timethat..."句型中,that从句中的谓语动词通常用过去式表示虚拟语气,意为“是时候做某事了”。因此应选took。(5)BythetimeyougetbackfromLondon,I______theproject.()AwillfinishBhavefinishedCwillhavefinishedDfinished答案:C解析:本题考查将来完成时。'Bythetime'引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时间点之前已经完成的动作。句意:当你从伦敦回来时,我将已经完成了这个项目。(6)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:考查非谓语动词作状语。分析句子结构可知,逗号前为分词短语作状语,其逻辑主语应与主句主语一致。主句主语是'thesouthfootofthemountain'(山的南麓)。山是被看的对象,因此see与逻辑主语之间是被动关系,应使用过去分词Seen。如果是Seeing,则意味着山在看,逻辑不通。句意:从塔顶看去,山的南麓是一片树的海洋。故选B。(7)Bythetimehearrivedatthestation,thetrain______.()AhasleftBhadleftCleftDwasleaving答案:B解析:考查时态。句意:当他到达车站时,火车已经开走了。“Bythetime+过去时间状语/从句”引导的时间状语从句中,主句通常使用过去完成时(haddone),表示在过去某个时间点之前已经完成的动作。因此选B。(8)Iwouldratheryou______homenow,foritisgettinglate.()AgoBwentChavegoneDhadgone答案:B解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在"wouldrather"后接宾语从句时,从句谓语动词需用虚拟语气。如果表示对现在或将来情况的假设或愿望,谓语动词用一般过去时;如果表示对过去情况的假设,谓语动词用过去完成时。根据句末的"now"可知是对现在的虚拟,故用一般过去时went。句意为:我宁愿你现在就回家,因为天快黑了。故选B。(9)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextFriday.()AbepostponedBwaspostponedCpostponedDwouldbepostponed答案:A解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在suggest,order,demand,require,request,command,insist等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需使用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,should可以省略。此处meeting与postpone之间是被动关系,故用(should)bepostponed。因此选A。(10)Iwouldratheryou______homenow.()AgoBwentChavegoneDwillgo答案:B解析:本题考查虚拟语气。句意:我宁愿你现在回家。在"wouldrather+宾语从句"结构中,从句需要使用虚拟语气。如果表示现在或将来的愿望,从句谓语动词用一般过去时;如果表示过去的愿望,从句谓语动词用过去完成时。本题中有时间状语now,表示现在的愿望,故用一般过去时went。因此选B。(11)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextMondaybecauseoftheheavysnow.()AbeputoffBwasputoffCputoffDwouldbeputoff答案:A解析:考查虚拟语气和被动语态。动词suggest表示“建议”时,其后的宾语从句需使用虚拟语气,结构为"(should)+动词原形"。此外,meeting(会议)与putoff(推迟)之间是被动关系,因此需要使用被动语态"(should)beputoff"。句意:由于大雪,经理建议将会议推迟到下周一。故选A。(12)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。分析句子结构可知,逗号前是状语部分,逻辑主语应与主句主语'thesouthfootofthemountain'保持一致。山脚是被看的对象,因此see与逻辑主语之间是被动关系,应使用过去分词Seen表示被动和完成。如果是Seeing,则暗示山脚发出了“看”的动作,不合逻辑。句意:从塔顶看去,山的南麓是一片树的海洋。故选B。(13)Nosoonerhadheenteredtheroom______thetelephonerang.()AwhenBthanCthenDand答案:B解析:本题考查固定搭配和倒装句。'Nosooner...than...'是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当Nosooner位于句首时,主句需要使用部分倒装结构(hadheentered)。than引导时间状语从句。句意为:他刚进房间,电话就响了。注意区分'Hardly/Scarcely...when...'搭配。(14)Thecompanydecidedto____themeetinguntilnextweekduetothebadweather.()AputoffBputonCputupDputout答案:A解析:本题考查动词短语辨析。Putoff意为“推迟”,符合句意“因天气不好决定将会议推迟到下周”。Puton是穿上/上演,Putup是张贴/搭建,Putout是熄灭/出版。故选A。(15)BythetimehearrivesinBeijing,we______fortwodays.()AwillhavestayedBshallstayChavestayedDhadstayed答案:A解析:本题考查时态。句意:当他到达北京时,我们将已经待了两天了。1.时间状语分析:"BythetimehearrivesinBeijing"是一个由"bythetime"引导的时间状语从句。在英语中,当"bythetime"引导的从句使用一般现在时(arrives)表示将来动作时,主句通常需要使用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作或持续的状态。2.时态结构:将来完成时的结构为"willhave+过去分词"。3.选项分析:-A.willhavestayed:将来完成时,符合语境和语法规则。-B.shallstay:一般将来时,不能体现"fortwodays"所强调的持续性和完成性。-C.havestayed:现在完成时,用于表示截止到目前的动作,而题干指向的是将来时间点。-D.hadstayed:过去完成时,用于表示“过去的过去”,与题干中的将来时间不符。故为A。(16)Thenumberofstudentsinourclass______50,andanumberofthem______fromthecountryside.()Ais;areBare;isCis;isDare;are答案:A解析:考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时,中心词是number,谓语动词用单数;“Anumberof+复数名词”作主语时,意为“许多”,相当于many,谓语动词用复数。因此第一空填is,第二空填are。(17)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______untilnextFriday.()AbepostponedBwaspostponedCpostponedDwouldbepostponed答案:A解析:本题考查虚拟语气。在suggest,order,demand,require,request,command等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需使用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构,should可以省略。此外,meeting与postpone之间是被动关系,因此使用被动语态bepostponed。句意:经理建议会议推迟到下周五。故选A。(18)Hefailedintheexamagain,______madehisparentsverydisappointed.()AthatBwhatCwhichDit答案:C解析:本题考查非限制性定语从句。逗号后面是一个非限制性定语从句,修饰前面整个主句"Hefailedintheexamagain"。在非限制性定语从句中,指代前面整个句子内容时,关系代词只能用which,不能用that。what不能引导定语从句,it不能引导从句。故选C。(19)Thenumberofstudentsinourclass______50,andanumberofthem______fromthecountryside.()Ais;areBare;isCis;isDare;are答案:A解析:考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时,中心词是number,意为“……的数量”,谓语动词用单数;“Anumberof+复数名词”作主语时,意为“许多……”,相当于many,修饰复数名词,谓语动词用复数。因此第一空填is,第二空填are。(20)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:从塔顶看去,山的南麓是一片树的海洋。分析句子结构可知,逗号前是非谓语动词短语作状语,其逻辑主语应与主句主语一致。主句主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain"(山的南麓)。山脚是被看的对象,因此see与主语之间是被动关系,应使用过去分词Seen表示被动和完成。若选Seeing,则意味着山脚自己在看,逻辑不通。(21)Itisessentialthateverystudent______preparedforthefinalexam.()AisBbeCwillbeDwas答案:B解析:考查虚拟语气。句意:每个学生都为期末考试做好准备是至关重要的。在"Itisessential/necessary/important...that..."句型中,that引导的主语从句谓语动词需使用虚拟语气,即"(should)+动词原形",其中should可以省略。因此这里应填be。故选B。(22)Themanagerinsistedthatthereport______byFriday.()AisfinishedBwillbefinishedCbefinishedDhasbeenfinished答案:C解析:考查虚拟语气。在insist,suggest,order,demand,require,request,command等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”,should可以省略。report与finish之间是被动关系,故用(should)befinished。因此选C。(23)Hardly______whenitbegantorainheavily.()AhadhearrivedBhehadarrivedCdidhearriveDhearrived答案:A解析:本题考查倒装句和过去完成时。句意:他刚一到,天就开始下大雨了。"Hardly...when..."是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时,句子需要部分倒装,即把助动词提到主语之前。此外,hardly引导的动作发生在when引导的动作之前,且when从句使用了一般过去时(began),所以主句应使用过去完成时(haddone)。综合来看,结构应为"Had+主语+过去分词"。因此选A。(24)Thenewpolicyaimsto______thegapbetweentherichandthepoor.()AbridgeBbreakCbalanceDbuild答案:A解析:本题考查动词辨析。bridgethegap是固定搭配,意为“缩小差距;弥合分歧”。break打破;balance平衡;build建造。句意为:“新政策旨在缩小贫富差距。”故选A。(25)______fromthetopofthetower,thesouthfootofthemountainisaseaoftrees.()ASeeingBSeenCToseeDHavingseen答案:B解析:本题考查非谓语动词作状语。句意:从塔顶看去,山的南麓是一片树的海洋。解题思路:1.分析句子结构,逗号前为非谓语动词短语作状语,逻辑主语应与主句主语一致。2.主句主语是"thesouthfootofthemountain"(山的南麓)。3.判断逻辑关系:“山脚”与“看”之间是被动关系,即“山脚被看”。因此应使用过去分词表示被动。4.选项分析:-A.Seeing:现在分词,表示主动,若选此项,逻辑主语必须是人(如Seeingfromthetop...,Isaw...),但本句主语是山脚,故错误。-B.Seen:过去分词,表示被动,符合逻辑。-C.Tosee:不定式,通常表目的或将来,且表主动,不符。-D.Havingseen:现在分词的完成式,表主动且发生在主句动作之前,不符。注意:虽然中文常说“从...看”,但在英语中若主语是物,需用被动形式"Seenfrom..."或独立主格结构。此处为典型的过去分词作状语。故为B。PartIIGap-filling(14points)(1)Themeetingwasput____duetothebadweather.答案:off解析:本题考查动词短语。putoff意为“推迟/延期”。句意为“由于天气恶劣,会议被推迟了”。(2)Theteachersuggestedthatthestudents______(finish)theirhomeworkbeforedinner.答案:(should)finish解析:考查虚拟语气。在suggest,advise,order,demand等表示建议、命令、要求的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词通常使用"(should)+动词原形"的结构,其中should可以省略。(3)Onlyinthisway____solvetheproblemeffectively.答案:canwe解析:本题考查“Only+状语”位于句首时的倒装。Only修饰介词短语inthisway置于句首,主句需用部分倒装,即将助动词/情态动词提到主语之前。根据语境“能有效地解决”,填入canwe。(4)HardlyhadIarrivedhome______itbegantorainheavily.答案:when解析:考查固定搭配与倒装句。"Hardly...when..."是固定搭配,意为“一……就……”。当hardly位于句首时,句子需部分倒装。本句符合该结构,故填when。注意区分"Nosooner...than..."。(5)______(absorb)inhisbook,hedidn'tnoticehisteacherstandingbehindhim.答案:Absorbed解析:考查非谓语动词作状语。beabsorbedin是固定短语,意为“全神贯注于……”。此处句子主语he与absorb之间是被动关系(他沉浸在书中),且该部分作原因或伴随状语,故使用过去分词Absorbed置于句首。(6)Bythetimeyouarriveatthestation,thetrain______(leave).答案:willhaveleft解析:将来完成时。解析:“Bythetime”引导的时间状语从句通常遵循“主将从现”或“主过完从过”的原则。当从句使用一般现在时(arrive)表示将来动作时,主句通常使用将来完成时,表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。句意为:“当你到达车站时,火车已经开走了。”将来完成时的结构为:willhave+过去分词。leave的过去分词是left,故填willhaveleft。(7)IfI______(be)you,Iwouldaccepttheofferimmediately.答案:were解析:考查虚拟语气。在if引导的非真实条件句中,如果表示与现在事实相反的假设,从句谓语动词用过去式(be动词通常用were)。句意:“如果我是你,我会立刻接受这个提议。”故填were。(8)Bythetimeyougettothestation,thetrain______(leave).答案:willhaveleft解析:考查将来完成时。Bythetime引导的时间状语从句若用一般现在时表将来,主句通常使用将来完成时(willhavedone),表示在将来某一时刻之前已经完成的动作。(9)Theteachersuggestedthatthestudents______(finish)theirhomeworkbeforeclass.答案:(should)finish解析:考查虚拟语气。在suggest,advise,order,demand等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”,其中should可以省略。(10)Thenumberofstudentsinourschool______(be)increasingyearbyyear.答案:is解析:考查主谓一致。“Thenumberof+复数名词”作主语时,中心词是number,表示“……的数量”,谓语动词应用单数形式。而“Anumberof+复数名词”作主语时,谓语动词用复数。此处为Thenumberof,且语境为现在进行时(yearbyyear暗示趋势,也可用一般现在时is,但结合increasing常用进行时态或系表结构,此处填is构成现在进行时或系动词均可,通常考点在于单复数),故填is。(11)IfI______(know)histelephonenumber,Iwouldhavecalledhimyesterday.答案:hadknown解析:考查虚拟语气。根据主句中的wouldhavecalled可知,这是对过去情况的虚拟。if引导的条件状语从句中,谓语动词应使用过去完成时(had+过去分词)。(12)Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案:arguing解析:考查固定句型。'Itisnouse/gooddoingsth.'是固定搭配,意为“做某事是没有用的/没有好处的”。其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。故填arguing。(13)Themanagersuggestedthatthemeeting______(put)offuntilnextweek.答案:(should)beput解析:考查虚拟语气。在suggest,order,demand,require,request,insist,command等表示“建议、命令、要求”的动词后的宾语从句中,谓语动词需用“(should)+动词原形”的虚拟语气结构。meeting与putoff之间是被动关系,故填(should)beput。(14)Itisnouse______(argue)withhimaboutthismatter.答案:arguing解析:考查固定句型。Itisnousedoingsth.是固定搭配,意为“做某事是没有用的”,其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是后面的动名词短语。PartIIICloze(30points)(1)Climatechangeisoneofthemostpressingissuesofourtime.Risingglobaltemperaturesarecausingicecapstomelt,sealevelstorise,andextremeweathereventstobecomemorefrequent.Scientistswarnthatifwedonottakeimmediateaction,theconsequencescouldbe1______.Governmentsaroundtheworldareimplementingpoliciestoreducegreenhousegasemissions.Theseincludeinvestinginrenewableenergysourcessuchassolarandwindpower,andimposingtaxesoncarbon-intensiveindustries.However,individualactionsalsoplayacrucialrole.Simplechangesindailyhabits,suchasreducingmeatconsumption,usingpublictransportation,andrecycling,cancollectivelymakeasignificant2______.Educationisanotherkeyfactor.Raisingawarenessaboutthecausesandeffectsofclimatechangeempowerspeopletomakeinformedchoices.Schoolsandcommunitiescanorganizeworkshopsandcampaignstopromote3______living.Moreover,technologicalinnovationoffershope.Advancesinelectricvehicles,energy-efficientappliances,andcarboncapturetechnologyprovidetoolstocombatclimatechange.Nevertheless,thetransitiontoasustainableeconomyrequirescooperationamongnations,businesses,andindividuals.Nosingleentitycansolvethisproblemalone.Wemustworktogethertoprotectourplanetforfuture4______.Thetimetoactisnow;delayingactionwillonlyincreasethecostsand5______involvedinmitigatingclimatechange.答案:1.catastrophic2.impact3.sustainable4.generations5.risks解析:本文探讨了气候变化的严峻性、政府与个人的应对措施、教育与技术的作用,以及全球合作的必要性。1.catastrophic:如果不立即采取行动,后果可能是“灾难性的”(catastrophic)。形容词作表语,形容后果严重。2.impact:日常习惯的简单改变集体起来可以产生显著的“影响”(makeanimpact/difference)。3.sustainable:学校和社区组织活动以促进“可持续的”(sustainable)生活。sustainableliving是环保常见术语。4.generations:我们必须共同努力,为后代(futuregenerations)保护地球。5.risks:拖延行动只会增加缓解气候变化所涉及的成本和“风险”(risks)。(2)Intoday'sfast-pacedworld,manypeoplesufferfromstress.Tostayhealthy,itisimportanttofindwaysto1______it.Oneeffectivemethodisexercise.Regularphysicalactivitycanhelpreducetensionandimproveyourmood.Anotherwayistogetenoughsleep.Without2______rest,yourbodycannotrecoverproperly.Additionally,talkingtofriendsorfamilycanprovideemotionalsupport.Sharingyourproblemsoftenmakesthemseemless3______.Finally,learningtosay"no"iscrucial.Tryingtodotoomuchcanleadtoburnout.Bymanagingyourtimewisely,youcanmaintainagood4______betweenworkandlife.Remember,takingcareofyourmentalhealthisjustasimportantastakingcareofyour5______health.答案:1.manage2.sufficient3.serious4.balance5.physical解析:文章讨论了在快节奏生活中如何应对压力。提出了锻炼、充足睡眠、与人交流以及学会拒绝等方法,强调了身心健康平衡的重要性。答案解析:1.manage:面对压力,我们需要找到方法来“管理/应对”它。2.sufficient:没有“充足的”休息,身体无法恢复。3.serious:分享问题通常会让问题看起来不那么“严重”。4.balance:在工作与生活之间保持“平衡”是常见搭配(balancebetweenAandB)。5.physical:心理健康与“身体”健康同样重要,形成对比。(3)ThehistoryoftheInternetdatesbacktothe1960s.Itwasoriginallydevelopedformilitaryandacademicpurposes.Intheearlydays,onlyafewcomputerswereconnected,andthenetworkwasquitelimited.However,withtheinventionoftheWorldWideWebinthe1990s,theInternetbecameaccessibletothegeneralpublic.Thisrevolutionizedthewaypeoplecommunicate,work,andaccessinformation.Today,theInternetisanintegralpartofdailylife.Itenablesinstantcommunicationacrosstheglobethroughemail,socialmedia,andvideocalls.BusinessesrelyontheInternetformarketing,sales,andcustomerservice.Educationhasalsobeentransformed,withonlinecoursesanddigitalresourcesmakinglearningmore1______.Despiteitsmanybenefits,theInternetalsoposeschallenges.Cybercrime,suchashackingandidentitytheft,isagrowingconcern.Privacyissueshavealsocometotheforefront,ascompaniescollectvastamountsofuserdata.Therefore,itiscrucialforuserstobeawareofsecurityrisksandtakeprecautions.Usingstrongpasswordsandavoidingsuspiciouslinksaresimplebuteffectivewaystostay2______.Furthermore,thedigitaldivideremainsaproblem.NoteveryonehasequalaccesstotheInternet,whichcanexacerbatesocialinequalities.Governmentsandtechcompaniesareworkingtobridgethisgapbyimprovinginfrastructureandprovidingaffordableaccess.Aswelooktothefuture,theInternetwillcontinuetoevolve.EmergingtechnologieslikeartificialintelligenceandtheInternetofThingswillfurtherintegrateintoourlives.Itisessentialtoadapttothesechangesandusetechnology3______toenhanceourwell-being.TheInternethasundoubtedlychangedtheworld,anditsimpactwillonly4______intheyearstocome.Wemuststrivetouseitresponsiblytocreateabetterdigital5______foreveryone.答案:1.accessible2.safe3.wisely4.grow5.environment解析:1.accessible:在线课程使学习更加“易于获得的/方便的”。2.safe:采取预防措施以保持“安全”。`staysafe`是固定搭配。3.wisely:副词修饰动词use,意为“明智地”使用技术。4.grow:影响将在未来几年继续“增长/扩大”。5.environment:创造一个更好的数字“环境”。`digitalenvironment`指网络环境。(4)Learninganewlanguageisnotjustaboutmemorizingvocabularyandgrammarrules.Itisalsoaboutunderstandingtheculturebehindthelanguage.Manystudentsfinditdifficulttospeakfluentlybecausetheyareafraidofmakingmistakes.However,makingmistakesisanaturalpartofthelearningprocess.Ifyounevertry,youwillneverimprove.Oneeffectivewaytopracticeistoimmerseyourselfinthelanguageenvironment.Forexample,youcanwatchmoviesorlistentomusicinthetargetlanguage.Thishelpsyougetusedtothepronunciationandintonation.Anotherusefultipistofindalanguagepartner.Youcanpracticespeakingwithsomeonewhoisnativetothelanguage.Don'tbeshy.Mostpeoplearehappytohelpifyoushowgenuineinterest.Remember,consistencyiskey.Practicingforashorttimeeverydayisbetterthanstudyingforhoursonceaweek.Overtime,youwillnoticesignificantprogressinyour1______skills.Moreover,learningalanguageopensdoorstonewopportunities.Itallowsyoutoconnectwithpeoplefromdifferentbackgrounds.Intoday'sglobalizedworld,beingbilingualisavaluable2______.So,keeppracticinganddon'tgiveup.Youreffortswilleventuallypayoff,andyouwillgainadeeperappreciationforanother3______.答案:1.speaking2.asset3.culture解析:本题考查语言学习话题的词汇辨析及逻辑连贯性。第1空:前文提到"practicespeakingwithsomeone"(与人练习口语),且整段强调沉浸式环境和日常练习对口头表达的帮助。因此,进步最显著的是"speaking"(口语)技能。虽然listening也有帮助,但语境更侧重互动和输出。第2空:句意为“在当今全球化的世界,双语能力是一种宝贵的______”。"asset"意为“资产、优势”,符合语境,指双语能力对个人发展有利。"burden"(负担)、"problem"(问题)语义相反。第3空:文章开头提到"understandingtheculturebehindthelanguage"(理解语言背后的文化),结尾呼应主题,指出你会对另一种"culture"(文化)有更深的欣赏和理解。(5)Manypeoplebelievethatsuccessisdeterminedbyluck.However,researchshowsthathardworkandpersistencearemoreimportant.Successfulpeopleoftenfacemany1______beforetheyachievetheirgoals.Theydonotgiveupeasilywhenthingsgowrong.Instead,theylearnfromtheirmistakesandkeeptrying.Thisattitudehelpsthemtoovercomedifficultiesandeventuallysucceed.Itisalsoimportanttohaveaclearplan.Withoutaplan,itiseasytolosedirection.Therefore,settingspecificgoalsandworkingtowardsthemstepbystepiscrucialforlong-termsuccess.答案:1.challenges2.giveup3.mistakes4.plan5.goals解析:1.根据上下文,成功人士在达成目标前通常面临许多“挑战”(challenges)。2.当事情出错时,他们不轻易“放弃”(giveup)。3.他们从“错误”(mistakes)中学习。4.拥有清晰的“计划”(plan)很重要。5.设定具体的“目标”(goals)并逐步努力是关键。(6)Healthyeatinghabitsarecrucialformaintaininggoodhealth.Abalanceddietincludesavarietyoffruits,vegetables,wholegrains,andproteins.Avoidingexcessivesugarandsaltisalsoimportant.Manypeoplestrugglewithfindingtimetocookhealthymeals.Mealpreppingonweekendscansolvethisproblem.Bypreparingingredientsinadvance,yousavetimeduringbusyweekdays.Additionally,drinkingenoughwaterkeepsthebodyhydratedandfunctioningwell.Smallchangesindietcanleadtosignificantimprovementsinenergylevels.1______2______3______4______5______答案:1.crucial2.variety3.excessive4.preparing5.hydrated解析:1.crucial:形容词作表语,意为“至关重要的”,强调健康饮食习惯的重要性。2.variety:avarietyof是固定短语,意为“各种各样的”。3.excessive:形容词修饰名词sugarandsalt,意为“过量的/过多的”。4.preparing:介词By后接动名词。prepareingredients意为“准备食材”。5.hydrated:keep+宾语+宾补(形容词)。hydrated意为“含水的/保持水分充足的”。PartIVErrorCorrection(20points)(1)短文改错:请对下面短文中的错误进行改正。Thenumberofpeoplewhoownscarsareincreasingrapidly.Thisisbecausethelifelevelisimproving.However,trafficjamshavebecameaseriousproblem.Wemusttakemeasuretosolveit.答案:owns->own,are->is,became->become,measure->measures解析:1.主谓一致(定语从句):先行词是people(复数),故定语从句中的谓语动词应用复数形式owns->own。2.主谓一致(主句):Thenumberof...作主语时,谓语动词用单数。故are->is。3.过去分词错误:现在完成时have/has+过去分词。become的过去分词是become(become-became-become)。故havebecame->havebecome。4.固定搭配:takemeasures意为“采取措施”,measure在此处是可数名词,应用复数。故measure->measures。(2)下面短文中共有10处语言错误,每句中最多有两处。错误涉及一个单词的增加、删除或修改。增加:在缺词处加一个漏字符号(∧),并在其下面写出该加的词。删除:把多余的词用斜线()划掉。修改:在错的词下划一横线,并在该词下面写出修改后的词。注意:1.每处错误及其修改均仅限一词;2.只允许修改10处,多者(从第11处起)不计分。MynameisLiHua.IamastudentinSeniorHighSchool.Ilikeplayingbasketballverymuch.Yesterday,Iplaybasketballwithmyclassmatesontheplayground.Weplayedveryhappily.Suddenly,oneofmyclassmatefelldownandhurthisleg.Westoppedplayandhelpedhimstandup.Hesaidhecouldnotwalk.Sowesenthimtothehospitalimmediate.Thedoctorcheckedhimcarefulandsaiditwasnotserious.Wewereveryrelieved.Afterthat,wewentbacktoschool.Althoughweweretired,butwefelthappybecausewehelpedothers.答案:play->played,classmate->classmates,play->playing,immediate->immediately,careful->carefully,but->删去but解析:1.play->played:时间状语是Yesterday,句子应用一般过去时,故将play改为played。2.classmate->classmates:oneof后接可数名词复数,表示“中的一个”,故将classmate改为classmates。3.play->playing:stopdoingsth.意为“停止正在做的事”,stoptodosth.意为“停下来去做另一件事”。此处指停止打篮球,故用stopplaying。4.immediate->immediately:修饰动词sent,应用副词形式,故将immediate改为immediately。5.careful->carefully:修饰动词checked,应用副词形式,故将careful改为carefully。6.but->删去but:although和but不能同时出现在一个句子中,二者留其一。此处保留although,故删去but。(3)短文改错:Nowadays,moreandmorepeopleareconcernedabouttheirhealth.Theyrealizethatitisimportanttohaveabalanceddiet.However,manypeoplestilleattoomuchjunkfood,thatisbadfortheirhealth.Inaddition,theydon'ttakeenoughexercise.Asresult,manypeoplearebecomingoverweight.Itissuggestedthateveryoneshoulddevelopgoodeatinghabits.答案:that->which,Asresult->Asaresult解析:1.that->which:此处是非限制性定语从句,修饰前面的整个主句或junkfood,且逗号后不能用that引导定语从句,应用which。2.Asresult->Asaresult:asaresult是固定短语,意为“结果,因此”,中间不能缺少冠词a。(4)短文改错:请找出并改正下列短文中的错误。DearPeter,Howareyoudoing?I'mwritingtoinviteyouparticipateinourschool'sartfestival.ItwillbeheldinnextFriday.Therewillbevariousactivity,suchassinging,dancingandpainting.Iknowyouaregoodatsing.Whynottojoinus?I'mlookingforwardtoyourreply.Yours,LiHua答案:participate->toparticipate,去掉in,activity->activities,sing->singing,去掉to解析:1.固定搭配:`invitesb.todosth.`邀请某人做某事,故在`participate`前加`to`。2.时间状语:`nextFriday`前不加介词,故去掉`in`。3.名词复数:`various`修饰可数名词复数,故将`activity`改为`activities`。4.介词后接动名词:`at`是介词,后接动名词,故将`sing`改为`singing`。5.固定句型:`Whynotdosth.?`为什么不做某事呢?后接动词原形,故去掉`to`。(5)短文改错:请找出下列短文中的错误并改正。Myteachertoldmethatheisproudofme.HesaidIhavemadegreatprogressinEnglish.Iwasveryhappyhearhiswords.Idecidedtoworkharderthanbefore.答案:is->was,happyhear->happytohear解析:1.时态一致性:主句谓语told是过去式,宾语从句中描述当时的状态也应保持时态一致,使用过去时,故将`is`改为`was`。2.非谓语动词/固定搭配:behappytodosth.是固定结构,表示“很高兴做某事”,不定式作原因状语。原文缺少to,故在`happy`和`hear`之间加`to`。PartVReadingComprehension(36points)Passage1ThehistoryoftheInternetdatesbacktothe1960swhentheUSgovernmentbegandevelopinganetworktoshareinformationbetweencomputers.InitiallyknownasARPANET,itwasdesignedtoensurecommunicationevenifpartsofthenetworkweredamaged.Overthedecades,itexpandedfromamilitaryandacademictooltoaglobalphenomenonconnectingbillionsofdevices.TheinventionoftheWorldWideWebinthe1990sbyTimBerners-LeemadetheInternetaccessibletothegeneralpublicthroughwebbrowsers.Today,theInternetinfluencesalmosteveryaspectofdailylife,fromcommerceandeducationtoentertainmentandsocialinteraction.(1-1)WhatwastheoriginalpurposeoftheearlyInternet(ARPANET)?()AToentertainsoldiersBToensurecommunicationdespitenetworkdamageCTosellproductsonlineDToconnectuniversitiesglobally(1-2)WhoiscreditedwithinventingtheWorldWideWeb?()ABillGatesBSteveJobsCTimBerners-LeeDAlGore(1-3)WhendidtheInternetbecomeaccessibletothegeneralpublic?()AInthe1960sBInthe1970sCInthe1980sDInthe1990s(1-4)WhatimpactdoestheInternethavetodayaccordingtothetext?()AItislimitedtoacademicuseBItinfluencesalmosteveryaspectofdailylifeCItismainlyusedforemailDIthasdecreasedsocialinteraction答案:1-1.B1-2.C1-3.D1-4.B解析:1.细节理解题。文中提到ARPANET的设计目的是"ensurecommunicationevenifpartsofthenetworkweredamaged",即在网络受损时确保通信,故选B。2.细节理解题。文章明确指出"TheinventionoftheWorldWideWebinthe1990sbyTimBerners-Lee",故选C。3.细节理解题。根据文中"inthe1990s...madetheInternetaccessibletothegeneralpublic",可知是在20世纪90年代,故选D。4.主旨大意题。文章最后一句总结"theInternetinfluencesalmosteveryaspectofdailylife",即影响了日常生活的方方面面,故选B。Passage2Inrecentyears,theconceptofremoteworkhasgainedsignificanttractionglobally.Manycompanieshaveshiftedfromtraditionalofficesettingstoallowingemployeestoworkfromhome.Thisshiftwasacceleratedbytheglobalpandemic,whichforcedbusinessestoadaptquicklytomaintainoperations.Proponentsofremoteworkarguethatitoffersgreaterflexibility,reducescommutingtime,andcanleadtoincreasedproductivity.Employeesoftenreporthigherjobsatisfactionwhentheyhavecontrolovertheirworkenvironment.However,criticspointoutpotentialdownsides,suchasfeelingsofisolation,difficultiesinteamcollaboration,andtheblurringofboundariesbetweenworkandpersonallife.Despitethesechallenges,manyexpertsbelievethatahybridmodel,combiningremoteandin-officework,willbecomethestandardinthefuture.(2-1)Whateventprimarilyacceleratedtheshifttowardsremotework?()ATheinventionofnewsoftwareBTheglobalpandemicCGovernmentregulationsDEmployeestrikes(2-2)Accordingtoproponents,whatisonemajorbenefitofremotework?()AHighersalariesBFreeofficesuppliesCReducedcommutingtimeDMorevacationdays(2-3)Whichofthefollowingismentionedasadisadvantageofremotework?()AIncreasedtrafficcongestionBFeelingsofisolationCLackofinternetaccessDStrictworkinghours(2-4)Whatdomanyexpertspredictwillbethestandardworkmodelinthefuture?()AFullyremoteworkonlyBTraditionalofficeworkonlyCAhybridmodelDPart-timeworkforeveryone答案:2-1.B2-2.C2-3.B2-4.C解析:1.根据文章第二段第二句"Thisshiftwasacceleratedbytheglobalpandemic"可知,全球疫情加速了这一转变,故选B。2.根据文章第三段第二句"...reducescommutingtime..."可知,支持者认为减少通勤时间是主要好处之一,故选C。3.根据文章第四段第一句"...feelingsofisolation..."可知,孤独感是被提及的缺点之一,故选B。4.根据文章最后一句"...ahybridmodel...willbecomethestandardinthefuture"可知,专家预测混合模式将成为标准,故选C。Passage3Urbangardeninghasbecomeapopulartrendincitiesaroundtheworld.Asurbanizationcontinuestoexpand,greenspacesarebecomingincreasinglyscarce.Urbangardeningoffersasolutionbytransformingunusedareassuchasrooftops,balconies,andvacantlotsintoproductivegardens.Thesegreenoasesnotonlyprovidefreshproducebutalsoserveascommunityhubswhereneighborscanconnectandshareknowledge.Thebenefitsofurbangardeningextendbeyondfoodpr
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