外研版英语选择性必修第四册　Unit 1　Loing forwards 教师用书

选择性必修第四册Unit1LookingforwardsⅠ.阅读单词——会意1．boyhoodn．(男性的)童年时期，少年时代2．bullfightingn．斗牛3．dotn．点，小圆点v．在……上加点；布满，星罗棋布于4．backwardsadv.往回，往前面5．divergev．(两条路)岔开，分开6．undergrowthn．(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1．ultimatelyadv.最后，最终2．numerousadj.许多的，很多的3．thoughtfuladj.认真思考的，深思的4．dilemman．进退两难的境地，困境5．arisev．(arose，arisen)(由……)引起；(问题或困难)出现，发生；发展；起床；起身，起立6．circumstancen．情况，情形7．shiftn．转移，转换；(工厂、医院等轮班制中的)当班时间v．(使)转移，(使)移动；(使)改变；换(挡)Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．traineen．接受工作培训的人；实习生→trainern．教练员；运动鞋→trainv．培训；训练n.火车；队列；一系列相关的事情→trainingn．培训，训练2．historicaladj.(有关)历史的→historyn．历史→historicadj.有历史意义的→historiann．历史学家3．detectiven．私家侦探→detectv．察觉；发现；侦察出→detectorn．检测器；探测器4．complexadj.复杂的；复合的n．建筑群→complexityn．复杂性5．symbolizev．象征，代表→symboln．符号；象征→symbolismn．象征主义→symbolicadj.有象征意义的6．mixturen．混合；混合体→mixv．混合→mixedadj.混合的；人员混杂的7．fluencyn．熟练，流利→fluentadj.流利的→fluentlyadv.流利地8．sincerelyadv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地→sincereadj.真诚的，诚挚的→sincerityn．真诚，诚挚9．refreshmentsn．茶点，点心和饮料→refreshv．使清新，使凉爽；使恢复精力；刷新→refreshingadj.令人耳目一新的；使人精神振作的→refreshedadj.清爽的，恢复精神的10．ambitionn．追求，理想→ambitiousadj.有雄心的；有野心的；费力的，耗资的，耗时的11．admissionn．允许进入(加入)；承认；入场费→admitv．承认；准许进入；接纳；招收→admittedlyadv.诚然，不可否认地12．participationn．参加，参与→participatevi.参加，参与→participantn．参加者，参与者13．qualifiedadj.合格的，胜任的→qualificationn．资格；资历→qualifyvt.&vi.(使)有资格；(使)合格→disqualifyv．取消资格14．alternativen．可供选择的事物，选择adj.可供选择的，可替代的；非传统的→alternativelyadv.要不，或者15．commercialn．(电视或电台的)商业广告adj.商业的；商业化的；赢利的→commerciallyadv.商业上→commercializev．商业化→commercen．商业16．affectionn．喜爱，钟爱；感情→affectv．影响；侵袭→affectingadj.使人悲伤的，使人遗憾的17．correspondentn．通讯员，记者→correspondv．符合，相一致；类似于；通信→correspondencen．一致；相似；通信；信件→correspondingadj.相应的，对应的积累——构词法学一法会一类前缀di-/under-/词根spond/spons1．前缀di-：(1)表示“二，双，两次，两倍”。如dilemma＝di＋lemma(假设)→两种假设同时存在→进退两难；(2)表示“使分开，离开”。如digest＝di＋gest(运送)→(肠胃)把食物分开运送→消化，divide＝di＋vid(分开)＋e→分开，diverge＝di＋verge(转)→转到别处去→(两条路)岔开，分开。2．前缀under-表示“在……之下，低于；下面的，从属的；不足”。如undergrowth＝under＋growth(生长物)→在生长物下面→(长在大树下或周边的)下木层，下层灌木丛，underground＝under＋ground(地面)→在地(面)下→地铁。3．词根spond/spons表示“承诺，发誓，保证”。如correspond＝cor(共同)＋re(回)＋spond(承诺)→两人互相承诺→通信，responsible＝re(回)＋spons(承诺)＋ible(形容词后缀)→能承诺的→负责任的，sponsor＝spons(承诺)＋or(人)→能承诺的人→保证人，赞助者。(1)Imustremindyouthatyouressaydigressesfromthemainsubject.离题(猜加黑词义)(2)Plantsabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheairanduseit，alongwithsunlightandwater.二氧化物(3)Thereisnodenyingthattheworstthingyoucandoisunderestimateanopponent.低估(4)Manystatesunderfundtheirpensionsystems，evenbytheirownaccountingstandards.对……提供的资金不足(5)ForChristmasmybrotherandIgotnewunderwear，onetoyandonebook.内衣(6)Youmustnotdespondifyourplansdonotsucceedandyoushouldbelievethatyoucansucceedifyouinsistonyourdream.感到沮丧，失去信心Ⅳ.背核心短语1．takeaction采取行动2．makeupone’smind做出决定，拿定主意3．passup放过，放弃，错过(机会)4．havesecondthoughts(对原先的决定)犹豫，产生怀疑5．putoff推迟……，使……延期6．reject...outofhand坚决拒绝……；彻底否决……7．weighup权衡，仔细考虑8．inthefaceof面对9．comeone’sway发生在某人身上10．inplace处于合适的位置；就位，到位11．beforcedtodosth被迫做某事12．takealeafoutof/fromone’sbook效仿，模仿……的举止和行为13．insightinto对……的理解/洞察14．onadailybasis每天15．arisefrom由……引起16．lookback(on)回顾，回忆Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Indesperation，Doylekilledoffthefamousdetectiveinanovelpublishedin1893sothathecouldfocusonhis“serious”writing.(sothat引导目的状语从句)绝望之下，道尔在一部出版于1893年的小说中杀死了这位著名的侦探，以便专心创作他的“严肃”作品。2．IthasinfactbecomeoneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsofalltime，notonlybecauseofitsnaturalstyle，butalsobecauseofitsthoughtfulinsightsintohumannature.(notonly...butalso...不但……而且……)事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅是因为其自然的风格，还因为其对人性的深刻洞察。3．WhenreadingTheRoadNotTaken，onecannothelpbutseeinone’smindimagesofapeacefulwooddeepwithinthecountryside.(can’thelpbutdosth)阅读《未选择的路》总会让人脑海中不禁浮现出乡村深处静谧的树林。4．Whetherbigorsmall，whatallourchoiceshaveincommonisthattheyleadtospecificconsequences.(whether...or...)无论我们的选择是大是小，它们都有一个共同点，那就是它们都会带来某种结果。5．Likethewriter，allwecandoislookbackwards“withasigh”andimaginewhatcouldhavebeen.(省略to的动词不定式作表语)就像作者一样，我们能做的只有在回首往事时“轻声叹息”，幻想事情本可以成为什么样子。6．Whatif，inchoosingone，weareunknowinglyturningdownotherfutureopportunities？(Whatif...？假使……将会怎样？)如果我们选择了一份工作而在不知不觉中放弃了其他未来的机会，那该怎么办？体验——析真题长句知高考难度(2025•北京)Inmydefence，Ididwhatwe’vealldonebefore，whichistorepeatreceivedwisdomwithoutexploringthenuances(细微差别)．[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。Inmydefence为介词短语作状语；what引导宾语从句，作did的宾语；which引导非限制性定语从句，指代前面whatwe’vealldonebefore，并在从句中作主语。torepeat...thenuances为不定式短语作表语，补充说明主语which(即前文行为)的具体内容。[尝试翻译]恕我辩解，我只是做了我们以前都做过的事，即复述那些普遍接受的智慧，而不深究其细微差别。Ⅰ.重点单词(每空1分，共26分)1．ultimatelyadv.最后，最终2．circumstancen．情况，情形3．numerousadj.许多的，很多的4．thoughtfuladj.认真思考的，深思的5．dilemman．进退两难的境地，困境6．arisev．(由……)引起；(问题或困难)出现，发生；发展；起床；起身，起立7．mixturen．混合；混合体→mixv．混合→mixedadj.混合的；人员混杂的8．complexadj.复杂的；复合的n．建筑群；综合体→complexityn．复杂性9．symbolizev．象征，代表→symboln．符号；象征→symbolismn．象征主义→symbolicadj.有象征意义的10．alternativen．可供选择的事物，选择adj.可供选择的，可替代的；非传统的→alternativelyadv.要不，或者11．sincerelyadv.由衷地，真诚地，真心实意地→sincereadj.真诚的，诚挚的→sincerityn．真诚，诚挚12．ambitionn．追求，理想→ambitiousadj.有雄心的；有野心的；费力的，耗资的，耗时的13．correspondentn．通讯员，记者→correspondv．符合，相一致；类似于；通信→correspondencen．一致；相似；通信；信件→correspondingadj.相应的，对应的Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共13分)1．Toensureonlyqualifiedcandidatesareselected，thecommitteefirstchecksifeachapplicant’squalificationcanqualifythemfortheposition，andimmediatelydisqualifiesthosewhofailtomeetthebasicrequirements.(qualify)2.Dozensofparticipantsfiercelyparticipatedinthecompetitionandtheywouldneverforgettheirparticipationinthecontest，whichmadeadeepimpressiononthem.(participate)3．Someparentsinsistthatgainingadmission，orbeingadmittedtoatopuniversityisakeytofuturesuccess.Admittedly，collegeeducationdoesmakeasignificantdifferencetopeople’slife.(admit)4．Thesetwofamousdetectivessucceededindetectingthecauseofthematterusingadvanceddetectorsandthesmilesontheirfacesshonelikediamonds.(detect)Ⅲ.补全语段(句式仿写)(每题3分，共12分)Dearjudgesandstudents，Highschoolstudentsshouldbeofferedacareerplanningcourse1.sothatstudentscanbetterunderstandtheirowninterestsandstrengths(以便学生更好地了解自己的兴趣和优势)．Thecourse2.wouldnotonlyenablethemtomakeinformeddecisionsontheiracademicpathandpotentialcareeroptionsbutalsohelp(不仅能让他们在学术道路和潜在的职业选择上做出明智的决定，还能帮助)thembuildafulfillingfuture.Therefore，Istronglysuggestincorporatingitintocompulsorycourses.3.Whetherthroughseminarsorbyinvitingguestspeakers(无论是通过研讨会还是邀请演讲嘉宾)，studentscandefinitelygainvaluableinformationandguidance.Allinall，I’mconfidentthatthecoursewillbenefitstudentsintheirfutureendeavors.Allwecandonowis4.waitforthemeaningfulcoursetocomeassoonaspossible(等待这门有意义的课程尽快到来)．Inthefaceofrapidchangesinsocietyandtechnology，youngpeopleoftenstruggletomakeuptheirmindsaboutfuturepaths，andsomeevenputoffimportantdecisionsoutofhesitation.However，avoidingchoiceswon’tsolveproblems—instead，activeparticipationininternships，workshops，orvolunteerworkcanhelpexplorealternatives.Suchexperiencesnotonlyclarifypersonalinterestsbutalsobuildpracticalskills，layingasolidfoundationforaconfidentfuturechoice.participationn．参加，参与(participatevi.参加，参与participantn．参加者，参与者)participatein参加，参与participatewithsbinsth与某人一起参与某事(1)(通知)那些想参加比赛的人应在5月21日前提交相关材料。ThosewhodesiretoparticipateinthecompetitionaresupposedtopresentrelevantmaterialsbeforeMay21.(2)(话题写作之活动安排)为了提高学生们户外活动的参与度，我们学校于9月10日组织了一项活动——攀登泰山。Inordertoincreasestudents’participationinoutdooractivities，ourschoolorganizedanactivityonSeptember10—climbingMountTai.alternativen．可供选择的事物，选择adj.可供选择的，可替代的；非传统的(alternativelyadv.要不，或者)analternativeto...……的替代品havenoalternativebuttodosth别无选择只好做某事Thereisnoalternativebuttodosth.别无选择只好做某事。(1)Cyclingisanalternativetodrivingforshorttrips，asit’smoreeco-friendly;alternatively(alternative)，youcouldalsotakethebusifyoudon’tfeellikeridingabike.(2)(2022•全国甲，书面表达)面对令人担忧的海洋现状，人类别无选择，只能彼此合作以应对海洋危机。正如专家所说的，除了采取切实行动，例如减少海洋塑料垃圾以及控制工业废水外，别无替代方案。Facingtheworryingcurrentsituationoftheocean，humanbeingshavenoalternativebuttocooperatewitheachothertotackletheoceancrisis.Asexpertsputit，thereisnoalternativebuttotakeconcreteactions，suchasreducingmarineplasticwasteandcontrollingindustrialwastewater.用法点拨类似的短语还有havenochoice/optionbuttodosth。inthefaceof面对loseface失面子；丢脸makeaface(atsb)(对某人)皱眉头；做苦相；做鬼脸facetoface面对面befacedwithsth＝facesth面临；面对某事faceupto勇于面对，敢于正视(1)(2025•全国二，读后续写)在决定勇于面对自己对尴尬场景的恐惧后，我便不再担心如果同学们还在纠结我的名字，自己会丢面子。讨论结束后，同学莉莉过来与我面对面交流，她说会每天练习“秋雨”这个名字的发音——她的真诚让我庆幸自己当初选择了敞开心扉。Afterdecidingtofaceuptomyfearofawkwardness，myworryaboutlosingfaceifmyclassmatesstillstruggledwithmynamefaded.WhenLily，aclassmate，camefacetofacewithmeafterthediscussion，shesaidshe’dpractice“Qiuyu”everyday—hersinceritymademegladI’dchosentoopenup.(2)(续写之动作链描写)调皮的男孩悄悄地靠近陌生人，对他做了个鬼脸，然后打掉了他的宽边帽。Thenaughtyboysilentlyapproachedthestranger，madeafaceathimandthenknockedoffhisbroad-brimmedhat.(3)(续写之情感描写)面临着如此多的压力，我无法控制自己的情绪，大哭起来。Facedwith/Facingsomuchpressure，Icouldn’tcontainmyemotionsandburstoutcrying.(运用分词作状语)makeupone’smind做出决定，拿定主意changeone’smind改变主意bear/keep...inmind(bear/keepinmindthat...)牢记……comeintoone’smind浮现在某人的脑海fixone’smindon/upon全神贯注于……readone’smind看出某人的心思nevermind没关系，不要紧mindone’sownbusiness别管闲事(1)(记叙文之写人)一旦他下定决心，什么都不能改变他的主意。他将全神贯注于他正在做的事情直到实现目标。他始终牢记，坚持不懈是最终成功的关键。Oncehehasmadeuphismind，nothingcanchangehismind.Hewillfixhismindon/uponwhatheisdoinguntilheachieveshisgoal.Heconstantlybears/keepsinmindthatpersistenceisthekeytotheultimatesuccess.(2)(续写之恐惧心理描写)这个凶神恶煞的人冲我大吼道：“别管闲事！”突然，一个可怕的念头出现在我的脑海里，我感觉体内的血液迅速凝固了。Thefierce-lookingmanscreamedatme，“Mindyourownbusiness！”Suddenly，aterriblethoughtcameintomymindandIfeltthebloodinmybodyfreezerapidly.(3)(2025•全国二，读后续写)当我犹豫着是否要继续解释我名字背后的故事时，体贴的教授似乎看穿了我的心思，说道：“没关系——我们有足够的时间，你慢慢说，多跟我们讲讲就好。”WhenIhesitatedtokeepexplainingthestorybehindmyname，mythoughtfulprofessorseemedtohavereadmymindandsaid，“Nevermind—wehaveenoughtime，sotakeitslowtotellusmore.”用法点拨makeupone’smind和changeone’smind中的mind随one’s的单复数变化而变化。putoff使……延期，推迟……putaway把……收起来，放好；攒钱putaside储存；搁置；忽视；忘记putforward提出(意见、建议等)putupwith忍受，忍耐putup张贴；搭建；投宿；提高；提名putout熄灭，扑灭；生产；公布(1)Thefirefightersdashedofffiretrucksandtookactionimmediatelytoputoutthefire.(2)用put短语的正确形式填空(建议信)Learningthatyouhavedifficultyputtingupwiththeunfamiliarsurroundings，Iamwritingtosharewithyousomesuggestions.Firstly，you’dbetterputasideyournegativeemotionsandactivelyparticipateinextracurricularactivities.Furthermore，neverputoffwhatshouldbedonetodayuntiltomorrow.Puttingupyouracademicgoalonyourdeskisalsoagoodalternative.Lastbutnotleast，whynotputawayyourtextbooksandexercisebooksbeforeleavingtheclassroom？IsincerelyhopethatyoucanadopttheabovesuggestionsIhaveputforward.notonly...butalso...IthasinfactbecomeoneofthemostfamousAmericanpoemsofalltime，notonlybecauseofitsnaturalstyle，butalsobecauseofitsthoughtfulinsightsintohumannature.事实上，它已经成为美国历史上最著名的诗歌之一，这不仅是因为其自然的风格，还因为其对人性的深刻洞察。notonly...butalso...不但……而且……，连接两个平行结构。当连接两个并列成分作主语时，谓语动词要根据butalso后的名词决定单复数(就近原则)；当连接两个并列分句，且notonly位于句首时，notonly后面的句子要用部分倒装，butalso后面的句子不倒装。(1)(2024•新课标Ⅰ，应用文写作)它不仅为我提供了一个将艺术创作与自然相联结的机会，也让我更愿意在未来从自然中汲取灵感。Itnotonlyprovidedmewithanopportunitytoconnectmyartisticcreationwithnature，butalsoenhancedmywillingnesstotakeinspirationfromnatureinthefuture.(2)(2022•天津6月，书面表达)为了提高英语口语，他们不仅在英语口语社里说英语，在宿舍里也说英语。到目前为止，不仅我的搭档，而且其他成员也都取得了巨大进步。InordertoimproveoralEnglish，theyspeakEnglishnotonlyintheSpokenEnglishClubbutalsointhedormitory.Sofar，notonlymypartnerbutalsotheothermembershavemadegreatprogress.(3)(2025•八省联考，应用文写作)你不仅能够积极参与体育馆的各项活动，还将获得与其他志同道合的人分享你对乒乓球的热爱的特别机会。Notonlywillyoubeactivelyparticipatinginavarietyofactivitiesofthestadium，butyouwillalsoreceivespecialopportunitiestoshareyourloveoftabletenniswithotherlike-mindedindividuals.1．Hearose①fromhisseat，sayingseriously，“Weshouldbecarefulincasesomeunexpectedproblemsmightarise②.Afterall，problemscanarise③fromcarelessness.”①v.起身②v.(问题或困难)出现，发生③v.(由……)引起2．Tomwasonthenightshift①andhewassoanxiousthatheshifted②uncomfortablyfromonefoottoanother，wonderingwhethertoshift③hisoriginalopinion.①n.当班时间②v.(使)转移，(使)移动③v.(使)改变3．Atrain①ofmemoriesranacrossmymindwhenIsawalongtrain②ofvisitorswaitingtovisittheMonumenttothePeople’sHeroesinBeijingonTV.IclearlyrememberthatItraveledbytrain③toBeijingtovisitittwoyearsagoanditwasatthattimethatIdeterminedtobetrained④tobecomeastrongerathlete.①n.一系列相关的事情②n.队列③n.火车④v.培训；训练4．Thedesignteamspentweeksanalyzingthecomplex①layoutofthenewculturalcomplex②，asitsmixofexhibitionhallsandgardensrequiredcarefulplanning.①adj.复杂的②n.建筑群提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇1．Thetranslationofthehistoricalnoveldoesnotquitecorrespondto/withtheoriginal.2．Drivenbyherambitiontosupport(support)localcraftsmen，Mayadecidedtolaunchacommunity-basedonlineplatform.3．Athoroughmarketsurveygavetheteamprecisedataandvaluableinsightintocustomers’hiddenneeds.4．Underthesecircumstances，youmightagreewithusthatnothingismoreimportantthanhisreputation.5．Thegrasslandisjustlikeablanketdotted(dot)withnumeroussmallandcolorfulbloomingflowers.6．I’vebeenrecommendedforadmission(admit)tostudymarinephysicsatmydreamuniversity.7．Wehadbeenbannedfromgoingoutdoors，andwecouldn’thelpbutacceptthereality.8．Thegentleinspectorwasinfectedwithaseriousillness，amixture(mix)offeelingssweepingoverus.9．Withhisvoicetrembling，hetoldusthatacaraccidenthadarisen(arise)asaresultoficeonthestreet.10．BecauseIwasconsideredasaqualified(qualify)volunteer，thesmileonmyfaceshonelikeadiamond.Mybiggestambitioninboyhoodwastobeacorrespondentandtobeabletocovereventsaroundtheworld.Tothisend，Imade1.upmymindtostudyhardandtookactionimmediately，suchasmyactiveparticipationinvariousactivities2.organized(organize)bymyschool.NeverdidIputoff3.whatIshoulddotilltomorrow.Ultimately，Igainedadmissiontothejournalismmajoratafamousuniversity.Duringmycollegeyears，Ididnumerouspart-timejobsanddealtwithcomplexsituations.Ididn’tpassupanychancetostudyandpracticetomakemyself4.aqualifiedjournalist.However，after5.graduation(graduate)，Iwasfacedwithtwoalternatives，amixtureoffeelings6.welling(well)upinme.Adilemma7.arose(arise)becausemythoughtfulgirlfriendwhoIhadadeepaffectionforinsistedthatIgotoapublishinghousewithher.ButIdesiredtowritedetective8.stories(story)orhistoricalnovelstocatertothetastesofyoungpeople.Inthiscircumstance，Ihadsecondthoughts9.initially(initial)，butIweigheduptheprosandconsandsincerelyacceptedmygirlfriend’sadvice.Afteryearsofhardwork，manyofmyworks10.havebeenpublished(publish)andIhavemadegreatachievementsinthefieldofliterature.(2025•东北三省三校联考)你校英文报近期开展了以“WhichMattersMore—MajororUniversity？”为题的调查。请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇调查报告，内容包括：1．调查结果描述；2.观点分析；3.你的看法。完成句子1．正如饼图所示，48%的学生认为专业更重要，而33%的学生认为大学更重要。(as引导的定语从句；while连接并列句表示对比)Asisrevealedinthepiechart,48%ofthestudentsbelievemajorismoreimportant,while33%thinkuniversityismoreimportant.2．一些学生优先考虑专业。他们认为自己喜欢的专业能够激发他们的学习参与度，以便他们能更好地追求学术兴趣。(participation；sothat引导目的状语从句)Somestudentsprioritizemajor.Theythinkthatafavoritemajorcanstimulatetheirparticipationinstudy，sothattheycanpursuetheiracademicinterestsbetter.3．另一些学生更看重大学。他们主张一所重点大学不仅能提供更优质的教育资源，还能为进入顶尖研究生院提供更多的机会。(admission;notonly...butalso...的部分倒装结构)Othersvalueuniversitymore.Theyarguethatakeyuniversitynotonlyprovidesbettereducationalresourcesbutalsooffersmoreopportunitiesforadmissiontotopgraduateschools.4．无论我们是基于专业还是大学做出选择，都应该采取行动，充分利用大学生活。(whether...or...；takeaction)Whetherwechoosebasedonmajororuniversity，weshouldtakeactiontomakethemostofourcollegelife.5．真正重要的是我们在大学期间的努力和态度。(what引导的主语从句)Whatreallymattersisoureffortandattitudeduringtheuniversityyears.组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。参考范文WhichMattersMore—MajororUniversity?Recently，ourschool’sEnglishnewspaperconductedasurveyon“WhichMattersMore—MajororUniversity？”．Asisrevealedinthepiechart,48%ofthestudentsbelievemajorismoreimportant，while33%thinkuniversityismoreimportant.Still,19%areuncertain.Inthefaceofthisquestion，differentstudentshavedifferentviews.Somestudentsprioritizemajor.Theythinkthatafavoritemajorcanstimulatetheirparticipationinstudy，sothattheycanpursuetheiracademicinterestsbetter.However，othersvalueuniversitymore.Theyarguethatakeyuniversitynotonlyprovidesbettereducationalresourcesbutalsooffersmoreopportunitiesforadmissiontotopgraduateschools.Personally，Ibelieveweshouldbethoughtful.Whetherwechoosebasedonmajororuniversity，weshouldtakeactiontomakethemostofourcollegelife.Whatreallymattersisoureffortandattitudeduringtheuniversityyears.语料积累巧用修辞(一)：明喻与拟人在读后续写中可以适当采用明喻和拟人的修辞手法，让故事更加生动传神。明喻主要采用比喻词like，as或者asif。拟人表示把事物人格化。句型明喻Whenheheardustalkingaboutthecolorfullife，thesmileonhisfaceshonelikeadiamond.当他听我们谈论丰富多彩的生活时，他脸上的笑容如钻石一样闪耀。Itmurmuredinasoftvoicelikealittlegirlwhisperingtohermother.它在温柔低语，就像一个小女孩对她的母亲私语一样。Tomwasassickasadog，andcouldn’tgototheparty.汤姆病得很重，不能去参加聚会了。拟人Angerchokedmywords.我气得说不出话来。Seeingsuchextraordinarybeauty，Ithoughteverycellinmybodywokeup.看到这绝美的景色，我想我身体里的每一个细胞都苏醒了。Thefirstraysofmorningsunshinetiptoedthroughthegrass.第一缕晨光踮着脚穿过草地。Asenseofsadnessseizedme.我充满伤感。Oneeveningsaw/witnessedabusdriverweavingthroughtraffic.一天晚上，一位公共汽车司机在车流中穿梭。Thefeatherysnowflakesdancedinthenightair，makingabeautifulpicture.羽毛般的雪花在夜空中飞舞，构成一幅美丽的图画。语料运用职业选择Icouldn’tmakeupmymindwhichcareerpathtochoose：medicineorbusinessand①asenseofsadnessseizedme(拟人)．②Oneeveningsaw/witnessedabusdriverweavingthroughtraffic(拟人)，withthechildreninthebusshakingfromsidetoside.Suddenly，aboybrokeintothetrafficandwasknockeddownbeforethedrivercouldbrake.Jumpingoffthebusquickly，thedriverdashedtowardshim③likeanarrow(明喻)．Findingtheboyunconscious，thedriverworried④likeanantonahotpan(明喻)．Onseeingthescene，Ipushedmycardooropen，rushedtotheboyandperformedfirstaidimmediately.WhenIsawtheboycametohimself，⑤thesmileonmyfaceshonelikeadiamond(明喻)．ThenIreturnedtomycarlikeahappybirdbecauseIknewwhatIwouldchooseasmyfuturecareer.我无法下定决心选择哪条职业道路：医学还是商学；我充满伤感。一天晚上，一位公共汽车司机在车流中穿梭，车厢里的孩子们晃来晃去。突然，一个男孩闯入车流，司机还没来得及刹车，他就被撞倒了。司机迅速跳下公共汽车，像箭一样向他冲去。发现男孩昏迷了，司机急得像热锅上的蚂蚁。看到这一幕，我推开车门，立即冲向男孩并进行急救。当我看到这个男孩苏醒过来时，我脸上的笑容像钻石一样闪耀。然后我像一只快乐的小鸟一样回到我的车里，因为我知道我将选择什么作为我未来的职业了。单元主题组合练(分值：62.5分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)AThepondwassilent，untilthefirstcry，“Foundsomething！”Aswimmerdivedintothewaterandappearedwithapairofchildren’sswimminggoggles.Overthenexthour，onacloudySaturdaymorninginJuly，theteamof15，allwomenover65，huntedfortrashacrossthe28-acreMaresPond，atdepthsofuptoeightfeet.Thediversturnedupwoodenboards，beercansand①countlessotherbitsofgarbage.Whentheteamreturnedtoshore，theywere②crackingjokesaboutthediveandtheirachievements.ThesearetheOldLadiesAgainstUnderwaterGarbage(OLAUG)．Since2017，thegroup，whichacceptsonlyolderwomenasmembers，hasmadeititsmissiontoremovetrashfrompondsacrossCapeCodinMassachusetts.WhenSusan，aretiredpsychologist，beganswimmingintheponds，thepondwasoneoftheworriesforher.In2017，she③roundeduptwofriendsandapproachedastrangerwithakayak(小艇)，andtogethertheyclearedlitterfromapond.Soonothersjoinedthem，andtheyfoundasenseofwonderinthepondcleanups.“It’sadifferentworldunderthesurface.Youseefishofalldifferentsizes.Youseeturtles.It’sbeautiful.It’sallunderwatermiracles，”saysSusan.Whilesomepeoplehavequestionedwhytheyrefertothemselvesas“oldladies”，andsuggestthattheyshouldopenthegrouptoallagesandtomen，thegroupmemberBaurbelievesthatthe“oldlady”identityisacrucialpartofwhatthegroupisabout.“Over65，ifyou’rehealthyenoughtodowhatwe’redoing，itistheageofgratitude，”Baursays.ShenotesthatpartofthegoalofOLAUGistodemonstratethatolderwomen，workingasateam，candoalotmorethanpeoplemightthink.语篇解读本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了由一群65岁以上的老年女性组成的“水下垃圾清理老年女士队”的故事。1．Whatweretheswimmersdoinginthepondinparagraph1?A．Huntingforhiddentreasures.B．Detectingrecyclablerubbish.C．Clearingrubbishfromthepond.D．Spottingsignsofclimatechange.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“huntedfortrash...Thediversturnedupwoodenboards，beercansandcountlessotherbitsofgarbage”可知，这些游泳者在池塘里清理垃圾。故选C。2．WhydidSusangatherherfriends?A．Sheworriedaboutthelifeafterretirement.B．Shewantedtojoinforcestocleanupthepond.C．Shedesiredtogetpeopleengagedinswimming.D．Shemeanttospreadherprofessionalknowledge.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“In2017，sheroundeduptwofriendsandapproachedastrangerwithakayak(小艇)，andtogethertheyclearedlitterfromapond.”可知，Susan召集她的朋友们是为了一起清理池塘里的垃圾。故选B。3．HowdoesBaurviewtheir“oldlady”identity?A．Itrepresentsthequalitiesoftheoldpeople.B．Itshowstheirabilitytocontributetosociety.C．Itistheirspecialwayofexploringtheworld.D．Itshouldberevisedtoincludevariouspeople.答案B解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“ShenotesthatpartofthegoalofOLAUGistodemonstratethatolderwomen，workingasateam，candoalotmorethanpeoplemightthink.”可知，Baur认为“老年女性”身份能展示老年女性为社会做贡献的能力。故选B。4．WhichofthefollowingbestdescribestheOLAUG?A．Far-reaching. B．Professional.C．World-famous. D．Temporary.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段以及全文内容可知，OLAUG自2017年成立以来，致力于清理科德角地区各个池塘的垃圾，其行动展示了老年女性的能力，对社会有积极影响，并且组织持续存在并开展活动，所以其影响是深远的。故选A。语境猜词①countless(派)＝count＋lessadj.数不尽的，无数的②crack(熟义：v.裂开)生义(文义)：v.开(玩笑)③roundup聚集BInKibaha，Tanzania，nearthecapitalDaresSalaam，architectsaresettobuildanewvillagewith“earthprinting”．FundedbycharityOneHeart，HopeVillagehasbeendesignedbyarchitecturefirmsHassellandClarkeHopkinsClarketohelpand①housechildrenfromacrossthecountrywhohaveexperiencedhardshiporunsafehomeenvironments.Thevillagewillofferschoolingforupto480children，aswellasaccommodation，childcareandskillstrainingfor3-to18-year-oldgirls.ThelandmarkbuildingforHopeVillageisitscommunitycenter，a3D-printeddesignthatwillserveasaschoolhallandcafeteriaduringtheweekandopentothewidercommunityforeventsatweekends.“Wewantedtomakesurethatwe’reabletocreatewallsthatcouldcirculateairinthebuilding，butatthesametimealsobringinlight，”saidXavierDeKestelier，Hassell’sheadofdesignandinnovation，“andturningto3Dprintingallowedforanopen，‘porous(多孔的)’walldesign.”Theearthsuitableforprintingtypicallycontains15%to30%clay，givingitnaturalbondingcharacteristics.Thewallswillnotbeload-bearing，asametalstructurewillsupporttheroofthatcoversthewallsandprotectsthemfromtheelements.Theroofwillbemadefromshortlengthsoflocallysourcedwood，connectedinaninterlockingdesignonthegroundbeforebeingraisedupandcoveringtheframelikeafabrictentandfinishedwithsheetmetal，explainedDeKestelier.“TheplanisnotjusttousetechnologybuttobringtechnologytothesiteinTanzaniaandleaveitthere，”saidDeKestelier.Aspartoftheproject’scommitmenttocommunity②outreachandskillstraining，theconstructorswillteachlocalshowtousetheprintersothecommunitycanconstructfurtherbuildingsinthefuture.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章通过介绍希望村HopeVillage项目，展示了如何借助现代建筑技术和社区参与，为弱势儿童提供帮助和发展的机会。5．WhatisHopeVillageinKibahaaimedat?A．Engagingincharityactivities.B．Restoringunsafeenvironments.C．Experimentingwithearthprinting.D．Providingshelterfordisadvantagedchildren.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第一段中“FundedbycharityOneHeart，HopeVillagehasbeen...tohelpandhousechildren...whohaveexperiencedhardshiporunsafehomeenvironments.”可知，HopeVillage的主要目的是为经历困境或家庭环境不安全的儿童提供帮助和住所。故选D。6．Whatdoweknowaboutthecommunitycenter?A．Itswallsbearheavyweight.B．Itofferschildrenschooling.C．It’sa3D-printedbuilding.D．Itopenstoallduringweekdays.答案C解析细节理解题。根据第二段中“ThelandmarkbuildingforHopeVillageisitscommunitycenter，a3D-printeddesign”可知，社区中心是3D打印建筑。故选C。7．Whatdoesparagraph4mainlytalkabout?A．Environmentalbenefitsofclay.B．Materialsanddesignofthebuilding.C．3Dprintingforwallconstruction.D．Techniquesinmodernarchitecture.答案B解析段落大意题。根据第四段“Theearthsuitableforprintingtypicallycontains15%to30%clay...ametalstructure...sourcedwood，connectedinaninterlockingdesignonthegroundbeforebeingraisedupandcoveringtheframelikeafabrictentandfinishedwithsheetmetal，explainedDeKestelier.”可知，第四段主要介绍了建筑的材料(如含15%到30%黏土的土壤用于打印、屋顶使用当地木材等)和设计(如非承重墙、屋顶设计等)。故选B。8．Whatistheprincipleoftheproject?A．Teachamantofish.B．Innovationisthekeytogrowth.C．Agoodbeginningishalfdone.D．Shareknowledge，sharesuccess.答案A解析推理判断题。根据最后一段中“Aspartoftheproject’scommitmenttocommunityoutreachandskillstraining，theconstructorswillteachlocalshowtousetheprintersothecommunitycanconstructfurtherbuildingsinthefuture.”可知，项目的理念是教会当地人使用打印机，以便他们未来能够自行建造更多建筑，这体现了“授人以渔”的原则。故选A。语境猜词①house(转)n．→v.给……提供住所②outreach(合)＝out＋reachn．外展服务Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)(2026·浙江杭州模拟)HowLonelinessIsKillingUsLonelinessisabsolutelyawidespreadissueinoursociety，butit’sbeengrowingfordecades.Lonelinessisthesensethat“IamlessconnectedtootherpeoplethanIwanttobe.”1Andthatmakesitdifferentfromisolation(独处)．Icandeliberatelyisolatemyselfandfeelgreataboutthat，butonlyyoucantellifyou’relonely.2Insomestudies，asmanyas60%ofpeoplewillsaythattheyfeellonelymuchofthetime.Youngadultsaged16to24aretheloneliestagegroup.Therearemanyfactorsthatareresponsibleforthat.Lonelinesswasontherisefromthe1950sinpartbecauseoftheriseofprivatecars.We’ve