2026年山东省青岛市中考英语真题及答案解析

第1页/共1页2026年青岛市初中学业水平考试英语试题（考试时间：100分钟满分：90分）说明：1.本试卷分为第I卷和第II卷两部分，共五大题。第I卷包含完形填空和阅读理解，共30小题；第II卷包含短文填空、阅读表达和书面表达，共17小题。2.所有题目均在答题卡上作答，在试题上作答无效。第I卷（满分40分）I.完形填空（本题10小题，每小题1分，共10分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Nowadays,anumberofyoungpeoplearebecoming“newfarmers”.Withlotsofnewskills,theyareturningtraditionalfarmingintomodernonline____1____.GengPeipei,a26-year-oldmanfromShanxiProvince,hashisowncattle(牛)farm.Heis____2____ontheInternetwithover280,000followers.But____3____hereturnedtohisvillagetokeepcattle,hedidnotgethisparents’support.Hisparentsaretraditionalfarmers.Theythoughtcattlefarmingwas____4____work.Theyhadasmallfamilyfarmandeachyeartheywaitedforcattletraderstoshowupwithatake-it-or-leave-itprice.Theyworkedreallyhard,butthemoneytheycouldmakewas____5____uptothem.Genghasbuilthisbusinesswhichisverydifferentfromhisparents’.Atfirst,he____6____hisdailylifeonline,suchaspreparingfeedforthecattleandvisitinga____7____wherepeoplegathered(聚集)totradecattle.Gradually,hisvideosgotfollowersincities,aswellasfarmerswhowantedtobuycattle.Laterhebeganto____8____beeftofollowers.Nowhehasevendevelopedhisownbeefbrand.“Myfollowersgavemethe____9____tostartbusiness.Imadeupmymindtogoforit,”Gengsaid,“Isawanewwayofdoingbusiness—usingshortvideostogetfollowers,andthen____10____thosefollowerstothemarket.Thatgivestraditionalfarminganewlife.”Geng’sstoryisnottheonlyone.Manyyoungpeopleareusingshortvideostosellfarmingproducts.BornintheInternetage,educatedyoungChinesenowplayanimportantroleinruralrevitalization(乡村振兴).1.A.culture B.subject C.business D.technology2.A.important B.honest C.friendly D.popular3.A.until B.when C.unless D.if4.A.hard B.special C.dangerous D.necessary5.A.never B.usually C.sometimes D.always6.A.created B.imagined C.improved D.shared7.A.mall B.market C.factory D.theater8.A.pass B.lend C.give D.sell9.A.knowledge B.standard C.information D.confidence10.A.showing B.connecting C.spreading D.comparingII.阅读理解（本题20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读A、B、C三个文本，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。AStep1:Foldthecard.Draw3linesfromthefoldededge(边缘),whichare8cm,6cm,and4cmlong.Leavea5cmgap(间隔)betweeneachline.Step2:Cutalongthe3linesandfoldeachpartover.Presstomakeacrease(折痕),andthenfolditback.Drawsomesmallpicturesonthepaperandcutthemout.Step3:Openthecardandbend(弯曲)the3foldedpartsoutfromthemiddle.Glueyourcut-outsonthecard.Ourmagazineisholdinga“Pop-upShow”.Doyouwanttojoinit?EmailusaphotoofyourworkbeforetheclosingdateofJune22.11.Whydopeoplemakeapop-upcard?A.Toimprovepatience. B.Totakeupanewhobby.C.Topracticedrawingskills. D.Toexpressthanksorlove.12.WhichpicturecanmatchStep1?A. B. C. D.13.WhatdoyouneedforStep2?A.①②③ B.①②④ C.①③④ D.②③④14.Howcanyoutakepartinthe“Pop-upShow”?A.Bycallingthemagazine. B.Bywaitingforaninvitation.C.Byemailingaphotoofyourwork. D.Bysendingyourworktothemagazine.15.Inwhichpartofamagazinecanyoufindthetext?A.Sport. B.Travel. C.News. D.Art.BDoyoureadorwritereviewsonline?Manypeopledo.Theywritethemforproducts,restaurants,videosandmore.Howimportantareonlinereviews?Ouryearlycustomersurveyfoundthat85%ofthecustomersthinkreviewshelpthemdecidewhethertomakeapurchase(购买).Butnoteveryreviewisfairorhonest.Somearefake(假的)five-starreviews,someareimpolite,andsomedependonpersonalstandards.Ifyou’rereadingareview,thinkforyourself.Canyoutrustit?Ifyou’rewritingareview,willyoutakeitseriously?KenandEmily’sconversationmaygiveyousomeinspiration.KenandEmilyarehavinglunchatacoffeeshopduringatriptoanothercity.Emily:Don’tyouthinkthefoodandservicearereallygoodtoday?Ken:Ido.Mycoffeeisgreat,andthestaffarefriendly.Emily:IthinkI’llleaveareviewforthiscoffeeshop.Ken:Doyouthinkpeoplewillreadit?Emily:Ofcourse.Youreadreviewsbeforeyoutryanewplace,don’tyou?Ken:Yes.Ireadbothpositiveandnegativeones.Emily:Metoo.Theyhelpmedecidewhethertotryaplaceout.Ken:Helpfulreviewscanmakeabigdifference.Emily:Forthiscoffeeshop,I’llsaywhatIordered,howtheservicewasandhowcleanthisplacewas.Ken:That’sagoodidea.Haveyoueverwrittennegativereviews?Emily:Hardlyever!Iusuallyleavefive-starreviews.Ken:Peopleareoftenguidedbyreviewsfromotherpeople.So,ifsomethingreallygoeswrong,I’lltrytobekindandexplainhowitcanbeimproved.Emily:Youhaveapoint!Areviewshouldbehonest.Peopleplacegreatimportanceononlinecustomers’reviews.Listentobothsides—that’showyouseethefullpicture.Andwhenyouleaveareview,sticktothefactsandpayattentiontoyourmanners.16.Whyareonlinereviewsimportant?A.Theyaremadeby85%ofthecustomers. B.Theyprovidetheexperts’suggestionsonline.C.Theyhelppeoplemakepurchasingdecisions. D.Theydependonpeople’spersonalpreference.17.Howcanweleaveahelpfulreviewaccordingtothetext?A.Byavoidingbadexperiences. B.Bytellingthetruthinakindway.C.Bywritingassoonaspossible. D.Byaskingsellerstowritereviews.18.WhichreviewforthecoffeeshopisprobablyfromEmily?A.Deliciousdisheswithlowprices. B.Sunnybeach,convenienttransportation.C.Tastycoffee,cleanshop,nicestaff. D.Somethingwrongwithfoodandservice.19.Whyistheconversationmentioned?A.Tostresstheimportanceofwritingtravelguides. B.Torecommendanicecoffeeshopatanewplace.C.Toshowonlinereviewsshouldbetakenseriously. D.Toexplaintheprocessofwritingdifferentreviews.20.Whichopinionmaythewriteragreewith?A.Reviewsshouldhelpreadersseethefullpicture. B.Reviewsthatareimpolitehelpsellerstoimprove.C.Reviewsshouldbekindandmakesellersfeelhappy. D.Reviewsaremoreimportantforsellersthanforreaders.CSpaceTraveller’sTrainingBookAsyouknow,astraightlineistheshortestdistance(距离)betweentwopoints,andyoushouldalwayswatchwhereyouaregoing.However,onceaspacecraftleavesEarth,manyrulesabouttravellingmaystopworking.Nowforgetallthat.Let’sbeginourtraining!1.ToGoFaster,GoFartherTogetfrompointatob,aspacecraftdoesn’talwaystravelstraightinspace.That—1—isbecauseofthestrongforceofhugeobjectsaroundit.Theforcepullsitintoacurvedorbit(弯曲的轨道).Intheory,aspacecraftcouldflystraightallthetime,butthiswouldrequiretoomuchfuel(燃料)tooffset(抵消)theforce.Luckily,thereisabetterway.Byfollowingalongcurvedorbit,aspacecraftcanusetheforcetoreachthedestination.Althoughthetripislonger,thespacecraftuseslessfuelandarrivessooner.2.ToGoForward,LookBackwardThissoundsreallystrangeOnEarth,we—2—usuallytravelbywatchingtheroadahead.Wechangeourspeedordirectionaccordingtohowclosewearetothefinalposition.Butinspace,itisjusttheopposite.Mostspacecraftnever“see”wherethey’regoingorwheretheywillarrive.Forexample,aspacecraftdoesn’tseetheMoonorotherplanetsgettingclose.Howdoesitknowwhethertogoforwardornot?Aspacecraftcantellitspositionbyknowingthedistanceithastravelledfrom—3—whereitstarted.ThestartingpointisusuallyEarth.3.▲Wecanuseasignal(信号)travellingatlight-speedtocheckthespeed.AspacecraftsendsasignaltoEarth.BytiminghowlongthesignaltakestotravelfromthespacecrafttoEarthandthengobacktothespacecraft,wecanworkoutthespeed.Yourtrainingiscomplete.Goodluck!—4—21.WhatcanweknowaboutaspacecraftfromPart1“ToGoFaster,GoFarther”?A.Itgoesashorterwaytoarrivesooner. B.TheforcefromEarthdecidesitsorbit.C.Flyingincurvedorbitisabetterway. D.Ituseslessfueltoflystraightinspace.22.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“destination”mean?A.Somethingthatprovidesmorefuel. B.Aplacewheresomeoneisgoing.C.Somethingthatpeoplehopetoachieve. D.Aroadthatpeopletaketoreachaplace.23.Whydoesaspacecraftlookbackwardwhentravellinginspace?A.Toknowhowfarithastravelled. B.Torememberthewayithasflown.C.Tofindoutwhereotherplanetsare. D.TotakealookatourbeautifulEarth.24.Whichcanbeputin▲?A.ToReturntoEarth,SendaSignal B.ToCheckSpeed,TimeaSignalC.ToKnowSpeed,GoBacktoEarth D.ToGoFaster,MoveatLight-speed25.What’sthepurposeofthetrainingbook?A.Toshowdifferentpartsinaspacecraft. B.Toremindpeopleofthedangerinspace.C.Tointroducebasicfactsaboutspacetravel. D.Todescribekeystepsindesigningaspacecraft.D阅读下面文本，从文本后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有一项为多余选项。Manypeople,whenlearninghowtocook,expecttomasteritafterjusttryingonceortwice.Butthat’simpossible.____26____Let’stakeseasoningasanexample.Duringthewholeprocessofcooking,it’sbettertoseasongraduallythantolayonthesaltorthesugarallinonehit.____27____Addingalittleatatimegivesyoualargermarginforerror(容错空间).Itreducesthepossibilityofmessingupadish.Seasoningtakespractice.Thispracticeisbestdonebytesting.Ifyouarenotsure,pourofforscoopalittleofwhatyouarecookingintoabowl.Tasteit.Ifnecessary,addabitofthesaltorsugarthatyouthinkitmightneed.____28____Withsuchpractice,overtimeyouwillgetafeelforhowmuchistoomuch.Andyouwillalsoknowwhenthereisacallforalittlemore.____29____Youwillfindyouhavelessneedforwrittenmeasurements(计量).____30____Don’texpecttosucceedallatonce.Keeptryingandit’snormaltomakemistakes,astheyarepartoflife.Theycanimproveyourunderstanding,narrowingtheplayingfieldforthenexttime.Allowingspaceformistakesisnotasignoffailure,butasmartwaytomoveforward.A.It’sexcitingtolearnadifficultskill.B.Isitimprovedorisittoosaltyorsweet?C.Itrequirespatienceandrepeatedpractice.D.Ifyouaddtoomuch,youcan’ttakeitout.E.Whatyoulearnfromcookingworksinlifeaswell.F.Yourownexperiencewillfinallybecomeyourdependableguide.第II卷（满分50分）III.短文填空（本题10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。TheNineCarpLanternDancefromFujianProvincehasahistoryofover1,000years.Inthepast,peopleonlyperformeditduringtheLanternFestivalintheYearoftheDragonorwhentherewasadisaster.Theyhopedtogetrainandstayawayfrombadluck.IntheMingandQingdynasties,it____31____(reach)itspeak(鼎盛时期).Thename“ninecarp”standsforninekindsofwateranimals.Thedancetellsanoldstoryaboutacarptryingtojumpoverahighgate____32____(become)adragon.Thisstoryencouragesyoungpeopletoworkhard____33____nevergiveup.Unlikefishlanterndancesinotherplaces,theoneinFujianisperformed____34____(different),withkungfumovementsandlocalopera.Duringtheshow,dancerswearold-styleclothesandmovethelanternsquicklyandskillfully.Theirfaststepsandbigmovementsmaketheperformance____35____(energy)andlively.Makingfishlanternsneedsspecialskills.First,workersbend(弯曲)thebambootomakeitlooklike____36____fish.Then,thebamboopieces____37____(tie)togetherandcoveredwithpaper.Finally,workersdrawfinsandscales(鳞片)carefully.Inrecentyears,thedancehasbecomepopularandhelpedwiththe____38____(develop)oflocaltourism.Manyvisitorscometowatchtheshowandwonder____39____theycanjoininthelanterndance.Theanswerisyes!Thisoffersthemachancetobetterexperiencethelocalculture.Thedanceservesasastrongbridge____40____ancienttraditionsandmodernlife.Withmoreattentionandcare,thislivingtreasurewillcontinuetoshinearoundtheworld.IV.阅读表达（本题6小题，共20分）A（共9分）阅读下面文本，完成下面小题。Everysummer,manyvisitorscometoadmire,photographandpaintlotusflowers.Lotusflowerscomeinseveraldifferentcolorsandusuallygrowinwetlandsormud.Theycanalsoliveindifferentplacesaslongastheirrootsremaininwaterormud.InChina,admiringthelotushasalonghistory.Itisnotonlyaviewingactivity,butalsocarriestheculturalspiritthathaslivedinChinesepeople’sheartsforthousandsofyears.AsearlyastheSpringandAutumnPeriod,poetsbegantopraisethebeautyoflotusflowersandusethemtoexpressfeelingsinTheBookofSongs,thefirstcollectionofpoemsinChina.PoetsintheSouthernDynastiessangfolksongssuchas“RowingaboattopickthelotusintheSouthLakeinautumn”.Theword“love”isnotinanysentence,buteachlineisfilledwithlove.ZhouDunyi,afamouspoetintheSongDynasty,praisedtheelegance(优雅)andintegrity(正直)ofthelotusinhisessayOdetotheLotus(《爱莲说》),whichhasbeenpasseddownforcenturies.Thelotusisalsoknownas“atreasureallover”.Thelotusrootsaresweetandrichinvitamins(维生素).TheyoftenappearonChinesediningtablesandarecookedindifferentways.Thelotusleavesandseedsareoftenusedinteasandmedicines.Theyarebelievedtosupporthealthybloodpressure.Nowadays,admiringlotusflowersisnolongeranactivitythatonlybelongstoChinesepeople.Moreandmoreforeignersarebecominginterestedinthecultureofthelotus.Theyarepromoting(促进)culturalexchangesandspreadingChinesecultureacrosstheworldintheirways.41.根据文本内容，仿照示例完成下面的阅读笔记。（1）—（4）总词数不超过30。Title:____________+Introduction:differentcolors,growingenvironments+__________________________________________+__________________________________________+__________________________________________42.Imagineyouareaculturalambassador(大使),whatwillyoudotopromotethecultureofthelotus?（请写出2条）（1）_____________________________________________________（2）_____________________________________________________B（共11分）阅读下面文本，完成下面小题。ChangingCoastlinesCoastlinesareplaceswherelandmeetssea,andtheyarealwayschanging.Everyfewseconds,waveshittheshore(海岸),wearingthelandawayorshapingitintonewforms.Also,humanactivitieshavemadeEarthwarmer.Astemperaturesrise,icecapsandglaciersmelt(冰川融化),addingmorewatertotheoceans.Thiscausessealevelstorise,bringinggreaterchangestocoastlines.Slidingaway(滑坡)Cliffs(悬崖)maylookstrong,buthugepartssometimesslideintothesea.Rainistakeninbysoilandrockatthetop,makingthegroundheavier.Waveshitthecliff,makingitweaker.Overtime,thecliffbecomesweakerstill,untilfinallyitfallsdown.Caves,arches,andstacksAheadlandisrockylandstickingoutintothesea.Windandwaterworktogethertoslowlyshapeit.Cavesformwhenwaveswearaway(磨损)cracksinthecliffface.Acavemightbreakthroughtherockandformanarch.Somearcheskeepgrowinguntiltheycannotsupportthemselves.Theythenfalldown,creatingastack.BeachonthemoveWindpusheswavestobreakontotheshoreatanangle(角度).Thewavescarrysandandsmallstonesontothebeach.Asthewavesmoveback,theypullsandbacktoo.Overtime,thesandismovedalongthebeachandspreadfurther.Thisiscalledlongshoredrift.LandunderwaterEveryyear,thesealevelrisesbyabout4.5mm.Evenasmallrisecancauselargeareasoflandtobecoveredwithwater.Overtime,moreandmorepeopleareforcedtomovefurtherinlandbecausetheirhomesareflooded.KeepingthewaterbackSeawallsarebuiltalongtheshoretoprotectlandfromstrongwaves.However,theyareexpensivetobuildandmaystoplocalwildlifefrommovingfreelyalongthenaturalcoast.Asacoastalcity,Qingdaohasbeenbuildingastrongercoastalprotectionsystemtoprotectbothhumanbeingsandnature.43.What’sthemainideaofparagraph1?________________________________________________________44.根据图文内容补全信息。（每空不超过5个词）(1)_________________________(2)_________________________45.Howdoessea-levelriseinfluencepeoplelivingalongthecoast?________________________________________________________46.根据文本内容填空。（每空一词）Coastlinesarealwayschanging.Rainandwavescan_________hugecliffstoslideaway.Theheadlandisshapedintodifferent_________overalongperiod._________and_________leadtosandmovementwhichiscalledlongshoredrift.Peopleneartheseaarefacingbigchallengesbecauseofstrongwaves.Theyaremaking_________toprotecttheirhomeslikebuildingseawalls.V.书面表达（共15分）47.在成长过程中，有那么一瞬间，你突然理解了某个人。请补全“TheMomentICametoUnderstand__________”，并以此为题写一篇短文，讲述你对这个人从不理解到理解的过程及感悟。要求：（1）词数80-100；（2）文中不得出现真实姓名、校名、地名等个人信息。____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________2026年青岛市初中学业水平考试英语试题答案解析（考试时间：100分钟满分：90分）第I卷（满分40分）I.完形填空（本题10小题，每小题1分，共10分）【答案】1.C2.D3.B4.A5.A6.D7.B8.D9.D10.B【解析】【导语】本文主要讲述了耿培培等年轻人利用互联网将传统农业转变为现代在线生意，助力乡村振兴的故事。【1题详解】句意：掌握诸多新技能的他们正把传统农业变成现代在线生意。根据下文“startbusiness”及卖牛肉可知，是把农业变成在线生意，onlinebusiness“在线生意”。【2题详解】句意：他在网上很受欢迎，拥有超过28万粉丝。根据“over280,000followers”可知，粉丝多说明受欢迎，popular符合句意。【3题详解】句意：但是当他回到村庄养牛时，没有得到父母的支持。根据语境，是指当他回乡养牛的那个时候，父母不支持，when符合题意，其它选项逻辑不通。【4题详解】句意：他们认为养牛是辛苦的工作。根据下文“theywaitedforcattletraderstoshowupwithatake-it-or-leave-itprice.”和“Theyworkedreallyhard”可知，父母工作非常努力，但他们能赚的钱价格由商人定，所以认为这是辛苦的工作。【5题详解】句意：他们工作非常努力，但他们能赚的钱从来不由他们决定。根据“waitedforcattletraders...take-it-or-leave-itprice”可知，价格由商人定，收入从不由自己决定，never符合题意，其它选项不符合被动局面。【6题详解】句意：起初，他在网上分享他的日常生活，例如为牛群准备饲料和参观人们聚集交易牛的市场。根据“...hisdailylifeonline”和“Gradually,hisvideosgotfollowers...”可知，他是在网上分享生活视频以吸引粉丝，share符合题意，其它选项不符合发视频的行为。【7题详解】句意：起初，他在网上分享他的日常生活，例如为牛群准备饲料和参观人们聚集交易牛的市场。根据“tradecattle”可知，交易牛的地方是市场，market符合句意。【8题详解】句意：后来他开始向粉丝出售牛肉。根据“developedhisownbeefbrand”及商业性质可知，是卖牛肉，sell符合句意。【9题详解】句意：我的粉丝给了我创业的信心。根据“Imadeupmymindtogoforit”可知，粉丝支持给了他信心，confidence符合句意，其它选项不符合心理状态。【10题详解】句意：我看到了一种新的商业模式——通过短视频吸引粉丝，然后再把粉丝和市场对接起来。根据“usingshortvideostogetfollowers,andthen...thosefollowerstothemarket.”可知，是把流量和市场建立联系，选用connecting“对接、联结”合适，connectfollowerstothemarket“将粉丝对接市场”。II.阅读理解（本题20小题，每小题1.5分，共30分）阅读A、B、C三个文本，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。A【答案】11.D12.A13.A14.C15.D【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，介绍了立体贺卡的制作所需材料、详细制作步骤，还介绍了杂志举办的立体作品展览相关信息。【11题详解】原文第一段“Areyoulookingforaspecialwaytosaythanksorshowlove?Apop‑upcardisawonderfulchoice.”，由此可知制作立体卡片是为了表达感谢或爱意。【12题详解】原文Step1“Foldthecard.Draw3linesfromthefoldededge,whichare8cm,6cm,and4cmlong.Leavea5cmgapbetweeneachline.”，由此可知从折叠边画出3条长度递减、相互间隔5厘米的线条，线条起点都在折叠一侧，对应A图。【13题详解】原文Step2“Cutalongthe3linesandfoldeachpartover…Drawsomesmallpicturesonthepaperandcutthemout.”，由此可知第二步需要卡片①、剪刀③、纸张，结合Whatyouneed里的paper，对应①②③；胶水是第三步使用，排除含④的选项，因此选A。【14题详解】原文BigNews部分“EmailusaphotoofyourworkbeforetheclosingdateofJune22.”，由此可知参加“Pop‑upShow”需要发送作品照片的邮件。【15题详解】本文介绍手工立体卡片的制作方法，属于艺术板块，因此选Art。B【答案】16.C17.B18.C19.C20.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要讲述了在线评论的重要性。文章通过顾客调查和Ken与Emily的对话，说明评论能帮助消费者做出购买决定，并探讨了如何写出诚实、有礼、有帮助的评论。【16题详解】根据文章第一段最后一句“85%ofthecustomersthinkreviewshelpthemdecidewhethertomakeapurchase”可知，85%的顾客认为评论帮助他们决定是否购买，因此在线评论的重要性在于帮助人们做出购买决定。故选C。【17题详解】根据对话中Ken所说的“ifsomethingreallygoeswrong,I’lltrytobekindandexplainhowitcanbeimproved”以及文章最后一段“sticktothefactsandpayattentiontoyourmanners”可知，写有帮助的评论应该基于事实，并以礼貌的方式表达真相。故选B。【18题详解】根据对话中Emily所说的“Forthiscoffeeshop,I’llsaywhatIordered,howtheservicewasandhowcleanthisplacewas”以及之前提到的“Mycoffeeisgreat,andthestaffarefriendly”可知，她可能会评论咖啡、店员和卫生情况。故选C。【19题详解】文章第二段提到“KenandEmily’sconversationmaygiveyousomeinspiration”，紧接着前文关于如何对待评论（阅读时思考是否可信，写作时是否认真）的论述，对话内容展示了两人认真讨论如何写评论，旨在表明在线评论应被认真对待。故选C。【20题详解】根据文章最后一段“Listentobothsides—that’showyouseethefullpicture”可知，作者建议听取双方意见以看到全貌，因此作者同意评论应帮助读者看到全面的情况。故选A。C【答案】21.C22.B23.A24.B25.C【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了航天器在太空航行时的几条基础航行知识与训练内容。【21题详解】根据第1部分中“Byfollowingalongcurvedorbit,aspacecraftcanusetheforcetoreachthedestination.Althoughthetripislonger,thespacecraftuseslessfuelandarrivessooner.”可知，虽然沿弯曲轨道飞行的路程更长，但是航天器消耗更少的燃料，还可以更快抵达目标，所以沿着弯曲轨道飞行是一种更好的航行方式。【22题详解】根据第1部分中“Intheory,aspacecraftcouldflystraightallthetime,butthiswouldrequiretoomuchfueltooffsettheforce.Luckily,thereisabetterway.Byfollowingalongcurvedorbit,aspacecraftcanusetheforcetoreachthedestination.”可知，航天器选择弯曲轨道的最终目的就是飞到自己计划去往的位置，由此可以判断destination代表某人将要前往的地点。【23题详解】根据第2部分中“Aspacecraftcantellitspositionbyknowingthedistanceithastravelledfromwhereitstarted.”可知，航天器在太空中无法看见前方道路，它只能依靠自己距离起点的路程，来判断自身所处的位置以及已经飞行了多远，所以它要回顾自己走过的路程。【24题详解】根据第3部分中“Wecanuseasignaltravellingatlight‑speedtocheckthespeed.AspacecraftsendsasignaltoEarth.BytiminghowlongthesignaltakestotravelfromthespacecrafttoEarthandthengobacktothespacecraft,wecanworkoutthespeed.”可知，本段完整介绍了航天器向地球发射信号，通过测算信号往返花费的时长，进而计算出航天器飞行速度的方法，因此小标题选“ToCheckSpeed,TimeaSignal”最为合适。【25题详解】通读全文可知，整篇文章分别从提速远航、向前航行向后观测、借助信号测速三个板块讲解太空航行的原理，属于太空旅行相关的科普知识，由此可知这份训练手册的写作目的就是介绍有关太空旅行的基础事实与常识。D【答案】26.C27.D28.B29.F30.E【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文。文章以烹饪中的调味为例，说明了学习烹饪需要耐心和反复练习，并指出从烹饪中悟出的道理同样适用于日常生活。【26题详解】根据前文“Manypeople...expecttomasteritafterjusttryingonceortwice.Butthat’simpossible.”提到许多人期望尝试一两次就能掌握烹饪，但那是不可能的，可知此处应解释为什么不可能一两次就掌握。选项C“Itrequirespatienceandrepeatedpractice.”与前文形成逻辑上的呼应与补充，说明了掌握烹饪的真正条件。【27题详解】根据前文“it’sbettertoseasongraduallythantolayonthesaltorthesugarallinonehit.”提到最好逐渐调味，而不是一次性加入所有的盐或糖；后文“Addingalittleatatimegivesyoualargermarginforerror.”提到一次加一点会给你更大的容错空间。可知此处应解释不能一次性加太多调料的原因。选项D“Ifyouaddtoomuch,youcan’ttakeitout.”完美解释了这一原因，给出背后的原因。【28题详解】根据前文“Tasteit.Ifnecessary,addabitofthesaltorsugar...”提出尝一尝，如果有必要，加一点盐或糖。可知此处是在描述品尝和调整味道的过程。选项B“Isitimprovedorisittoosaltyorsweet?”紧承前文的“尝一尝”，表达了添加调料后品尝时的思考与判断。【29题详解】根据前文“Withsuchpractice,overtimeyouwillgetafeel...”提出通过这样的练习，随着时间的推移，你会找到感觉；后文“Youwillfindyouhavelessneedforwrittenmeasurements.”提到你会发现你越来越不需要书面的计量了。可知长期的练习会让你积累直觉和经验。选项F“Yourownexperiencewillfinallybecomeyourdependableguide.”承上启下，说明了经验积累后的结果。【30题详解】空格位于段首，通常为段落主旨句。根据后文“...it’snormaltomakemistakes,astheyarepartoflife.”提到犯错是正常的，因为它们是生活的一部分。可知本段将烹饪中“允许犯错”的道理引申到了日常生活中。选项E“Whatyoulearnfromcookingworksinlifeaswell.”恰好引出后文关于生活哲理的论述。第II卷（满分50分）III.短文填空（本题10小题，每小题1.5分，共15分）【答案】31.reached32.tobecome33.and34.differently35.energetic36.a37.aretied38.development39.if##whether40.between【解析】【导语】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了福建省九鲤灯舞的历史、表演特色、制作工艺以及在现代社会中的发展和意义。【31题详解】句意：在明清时期，它达到了鼎盛时期。根据时间状语“IntheMingandQingdynasties”可知，句子描述的是过去发生的事情，应使用一般过去时，动词reach的过去式为reached。【32题详解】句意：这支舞蹈讲述了一个关于一条鲤鱼试图跃过高高的门以成为一条龙的古老故事。分析句子结构可知，此处表示跃过高门的目的是为了“成为”龙，应使用动词不定式表目的。故填tobecome。【33题详解】句意：这个故事鼓励年轻人努力工作并且永不放弃。分析语境可知，空处连接“workhard”和“nevergiveup”两个动作，表示顺承并列关系用and。【34题详解】句意：与其他地方的鱼灯舞不同，福建的这种舞蹈表演方式有所不同，带有功夫动作和地方戏曲。分析句子结构可知，空处修饰动词短语“isperformed”，应使用副词形式，different的副词为differently。【35题详解】句意：他们轻快的步伐和大幅度的动作使表演充满活力且生动。分析句子结构可知，此处为“make+宾语+形容词作宾补”的结构，空处与形容词lively并列，应使用形容词形式，energy的形容词为energetic。【36题详解】句意：首先，工人们弯曲竹子使其看起来像一条鱼。分析语境可知，此处泛指“一条鱼”，且fish的发音以辅音音素开头，应使用不定冠词a。【37题详解】句意：然后，这些竹片被绑在一起并用纸覆盖。分析句子结构可知，主语“thebamboopieces”与动词“tie”之间是动宾关系（被动关系），且此处描述的是客观事实和一般制作步骤，应使用一般现在时的被动语态（am/is/are+过去分词）。主语为复数，助动词用are，tie的过去分词是tied。故填aretied。【38题详解】句意：近年来，这种舞蹈变得流行起来，并帮助了当地旅游业的发展。分析句子结构可知，空处位于定冠词the和介词of之间，应使用名词形式，develop的名词为development。【39题详解】句意：许多游客来看表演，并且想知道他们是否能加入灯舞。根据下文“Theanswerisyes!”可知，游客想知道的是“是否”能加入，应使用if或whether引导宾语从句。故填if/whether。【40题详解】句意：这种舞蹈起到了连接古老传统和现代生活的一座坚固桥梁的作用。分析语境可知，此处表达“在……和……之间”，固定搭配“between...and...”符合句意。故填between。IV.阅读表达（本题6小题，共20分）A（共9分）【答案】41.①.Lotus/Lotusflowers②.Historyandculturalspirit/Culture③.Uses/Values/Atreasureallover④.Culturalexchanges42.①.Iwillmakeashortvideoaboutthelotusandpostitonline.（言之有理，语法正确即可）②.Iwillinvitemyforeignfriendstotastefoodmadefromlotusroots.（言之有理，语法正确即可）【解析】【导语】本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了莲花的生长环境、在中国历史上的文化精神、实用价值以及在世界范围内的文化交流作用。【41题详解】根据文章内容和阅读笔记的结构可知，笔记是对文章各段落大意的概括。根据文章第一段“Everysummer,manyvisitorscometoadmire,photographandpaintlotusflowers.（每年夏天，许多游客来欣赏、拍摄和画莲花。）”以及全文围绕莲花展开，可推知文章的标题应为Lotus或Lotusflowers，故填Lotus/Lotusflowers。根据文章第二段“InChina,admiringthelotushasalonghistory.Itisnotonlyaviewingactivity,butalsocarriestheculturalspirit...（在中国，赏莲有着悠久的历史。它不仅是一项观赏活动，而且承载着文化精神……）”可推知第二段主要讲述莲花的历史和文化精神，故填Historyandculturalspirit/Culture。根据文章第三段“Thelotusisalsoknownas‘atreasureallover’.”以及后文介绍莲藕、莲叶和莲子的用途，可推知第三段主要讲述莲花的实用价值或用途，故填Uses/Values/Atreasureallover。根据文章第四段“TheyarepromotingculturalexchangesandspreadingChinesecultureacrosstheworldintheirways.（他们正在以自己的方式促进文化交流，向世界传播中国文化。）”可推知，第四段主要讲述莲花在文化交流中的作用，故填Culturalexchanges。【42题详解】本题为开放性试题，要求写出两条推广莲花文化的建议。言之有理，语法正确即可。例如可以通过制作视频宣传，或者邀请外国朋友品尝莲花制作的食物等。故填[1]Iwillmakeashortvideoaboutthelotusandpostitonline.；故填[2]Iwillinvitemyforeignfriendstotastefoodmadefromlotusroots.B（共11分）【答案】43.Coastlinesarealwayschanging.44.①.breakthroughtherock②.falldown45.