2027新高考英语复习53A版1-主题十五　奥秘探索

主题十五奥秘探索组合练1阅读(2)&语法填空1.三年模拟(2026届广东深圳多校联考开学考,C)主题极地探索Formorethanadecade,ateamofresearchershavestudiedthedynamicsoftheGreenlandIceSheetasitrespondstoawarmingclimate.Butwhilemuchoftheirfocushasbeenonwater'simpactsonicesheetchange,theirmostrecentresearchfindingshaveoverturnedtheorderoftheirthinking.Meierbachtol,HarperandtheirteamdiscoveredthatchangesintheicesheethavearealimpactonthemassivegroundwatersystemunderlyingGreenland.Thislatestdiscoveryoccurredthankstoamarriageofdrillingtechniques.Internationalcooperatorsmadeanangledhole650metersthroughbedrockunderneathaGreenlandglacier(冰川)tomeasuregroundwaterconditionsundertheice.Meanwhile,researchersdrilled32holesfromatoptheglacier,throughnearlyakilometerofice,tomeasurewaterconditionsattheareabetweeniceandbedrock,whichformsanimportantboundarycontrollinggroundwaterflowbelow.Afterdrilling,theteamfixedsensorsintheicecolumnandattheicesheetbedtomeasureicedynamicsandwaterconditionsaswaterflowsundertheice.“Bystudyingareasthatwerecoveredbyice10,000yearsago,wehaveknownthatthehugemassandvastamountsofwaterfrommeltingicecanimpacttheunderlyinggroundwater,”Meierbachtolsaid.“It'sgenerallyacceptedthatthegroundwaterissleepingoverdecadestocenturiesanditsresponsetoicesheetchangeislong:thousandsofyears.Butwhatwe'veshownhereisthatitisimmediate.”ThisnewunderstandingcouldhaveimportantsubsequenteffectsonhowGreenland'sthinningimpactstheArctic.Thethinningicecouldreducetherateofgroundwaterflowtotheocean,changingthewatertemperatureandsalinity(盐度)balancethatisimportantforoceancirculation(循环)patterns.“InthinkingaboutthecomplexfeedbacksfromGreenland'songoingchange,wehavereallyignoredthegroundwatercomponent,”Harpersaid.1.Howdotheresearchersfeelabouttheresultoftherecentstudy?A.Surprised.B.Doubtful.C.Satisfied.D.Disappointed.2.WhatcontributesmosttothenewresearchabouttheGreenlandIceSheet?A.Jointeffortsfromglobalexperts.B.Advancedsensorstrackingicedynamics.C.Idealbedrockstabilityformeasurements.D.Acombinationoftwodrillingapproaches.3.Whatisamisunderstandingofthegroundwaterunderglaciers?A.Itscomponentiscomplex. B.Itisinactiveforalongtime.C.Ithasaverylargevolume. D.Itstemperatureischangeable.4.Whatdoesthetextmainlytalkabout?A.Long-lastingeffectsofglobalwarmingontheArctic.B.WaterimpactsonGreenland'spermanenticesheet.C.NewlydiscoveredgroundwaterresourcesinGreenland.D.Greenland'sgroundwaterchangeswiththinningicesheet.答案1.A2.D3.B4.D2.三年模拟(2025江苏新高考基地学校期初质量监测,D)主题太空探索Thefutureofspacefoodcouldbesimpleandstrange.Fordecades,astronautshavereliedmostlyonprepackagedfoodortheoccasionalgrownvegetablesduringtheirvisitstoouterspace.WithmissionsbeyondEarthorbitinsight,aNASA-ledcompetitionishopingtochangeallthatandstartaneweraofsustainablespacefood.Tosolvetheproblemoffeedingastronautsonlong-durationmissions,theUSspaceagencystartedtheDeepSpaceFoodChallengeinJanuary2021,askingcompaniestoproposenovelwaystodevelopsustainablefoodsforfuturemissions.About200companiesentered,whichwerenarroweddownto11teamsinJanuary2023aspartofphase2.OnMay19,NASAannouncedtheteamsthatwillprogressintothefinalphaseofthecompetition,withsomewinnerstobeannouncedlater.Allteamshadtoshowsystemsthatcouldoperateforthreeyearsandfeedacrewoffouronafuturespacemission.Theproposalsdidnotneedtosupplyacrew'sentirediet,buttheydidneedtocreateavarietyofnutritiousfoodsfortheastronauts.Onecompanytookanincrediblyunusualapproachtothetask.AirCompany,basedinNewYork,designedasystemthatcouldusethecarbondioxidebreathedoutbyastronautsinspacetoproducealcohol,whichcouldthenbefedtoyeast(酵母)andproduce“somethingthat'ssuitabletobeeaten”.“It'smakingfoodoutoftheair,”saysStaffordSheehan,co-founderandchieftechnologyofficerofAirCompany.“Itsoundslikemagic,butwhenyouseeitactuallyoperating,it'smuchmoresimple.”InterstellarLabinFloridahadadifferentapproach.Itssystem,calledNUCLEUS,isasetofsmallcapsules.Eachisself-contained,withitsowntemperature,wateringsystem,etc.Thatwouldallowdifferentvegetablestobecultivatedsothatastronautscaneasilygrowtheirownfoodinspace.WhilethewinningideasfromtheDeepSpaceFoodChallengewon'timmediatelybeusedbyastronauts,theyshowwhatmightbepossibleonfuturemissions.“You'vegottostartyearsinadvancetomakesureyouhavethecapabilityinplacewhenyouneedit,”saysRalphFritsche,seniorprojectmanagerforspacecropproductionatNASA'sKennedySpaceCenterinFlorida.1.WhywastheDeepSpaceFoodChallengelaunched?A.Tofindtastyfoodsforastronauts.B.Tofoundaspacefoodsupplycenter.C.Todevelopanewsourceofspacefood.D.Toattractastronautstofoodexploration.2.Whichmightbetherequirementtobecomethewinningcompany?A.Futurespacemissionslastingthreeyears.B.Entiredietsforlong-lastingspaceresearch.C.Concreteproposalsinvolvingacrewoffour.D.Sustainablesupplyofnutritiousspacefoods.3.Whatdoparagraphs4and5focuson?A.Theprocessofcreatingspacefoods.B.Uniquesystemsofstoringfoods.C.Examplesofspecificspacefoods.D.Prospectsofthesefoodcompanies.4.Whatisthemostsuitabletitleforthetext?A.AstronautsproducemorespacefoodB.SpaceexplorersfacealackofnutritionC.FuturespacemissionswilllastevenlongerD.Newtypesofspacefoodsareontheway答案1.C2.D3.C4.D3.三年模拟(2025山东青岛三模)主题宇宙探索FrenchscientistsattheInstitutdePhysiqueduGlobedeParis(IPGP)areconductingtestingonChang'e-5lunarsamples,aimingtobetterunderstandthemoon'searlyoriginsandits1.(form).

AspartofitsApril24announcement,theChinaNationalSpaceAdministrationallowedscientistsfromseveralcountries2.(borrow)Chang'e-5lunarsamples,furtherexpandingglobalaccesstolunarresearchmaterials.

FredericMoynier,aprofessoratIPGP,3.(transport)theChang'e-5lunarsamplesfromChinatohislabinParis.Heemphasized4.rarityofthesamplescollectedfromanorthernregionofthemoon'snearside5.hadneverbeensampledbefore.

AccordingtoMoynier,thesesamplesshowthatvolcanicactivityonthemoonexistedlongerthan6.(previous)thought.Usingisotopic(同位素)analysis,he'sidentifyingtracesofvariouselements7.(contain)inthelunarsoil.Hisgoalistocomparethesefindingswithothermissions'samplestofillgaps8.theunderstandingofthemoon'shistory.

LongZhengyu,aChinesePhDstudentatIPGP,pointedoutthatforeign9.(laboratory)canprovideanalysisandtestingconditionsfortheChang'e-5lunarsamplesfromChina.Theprojectismorethanjustascientificeffort;italso10.(serve)asapowerfulexampleofglobalcollaborationandknowledge-sharing.

答案1.formation2.toborrow3.transported4.the5.that/which6.previously7.contained8.in9.laboratories10.serves组合练2阅读(2)&语法填空1.三年模拟(2025河北石家庄教学质量检测三,C)主题自然科学研究成果ScientistshavebeenlookingatDNAtostorealltypesofdata,notjustbiological,butalsodigital.YetwhileDNAisagreatstoragematerial,it'salsoquitedelicate.Waterorheatcandamageiteasilyunlessit'sgivenanamber-like(似琥珀的)coating.Thatnewideawasborrowedfromthe1993movieJurassicPark,inwhichscientistscloneddinosaursfromDNAtrappedinamber.DNAistheworld'soldestdatastoragedevice.ThemostamazingthingaboutDNAisthatitcanpotentiallybeusedtostoreanytypeofdata.PuttinginformationintoDNAusesaprocesscalledencoding.“Yourcomputerstoresinformationinabinary(二进制)format,zeroesandones,”notesKarishmaMatange,acomputationalbiologist.“EncodingworkstochangethesezeroesandonesintoA,C,GandT,theDNAbasesthatcanstoreinformation.”TheorderofthebasesinDNAiscalledsequence(序列),whichspellsouttheinformationitholds.TopullinformationbackoutfromtheDNA,youreversetheprocess.ScientistscanstoreDNAforlongperiods.Butitrequiresfreezingtemperatures,specialequipmentanddangerouschemicals,whichmakestheprocesscostly.JamesBanal,ascientistinSanCarlos,California,andhisteamcameupwithanewmethodT-REX.HisteamusesthismethodtotrapDNAinamaterialsimilartoplastic.“Plasticsaredurable,”Banalpointsout.Besides,T-REXisacheapwaytoencloseDNA.Totestit,theteamencodedtheJurassicParkthememusicandaperson'sgenomeintoDNA.ThentheyputtheDNAintheglassyplastic.DampandheatareDNA'sbiggestthreats.ButtheT-REXmaterialkeepsdampout.Theresearchersheateditupto75°Celsius.Later,theygottheDNAbybreakingthecoatingdown.Thebestpart,Banalsays,isthatthebroken-downmaterialcanbereusedtostoreDNAagain.BanalandhiscolleagueswanttousetheT-REXmethodtopreservegeneticdataorevensafelystorebiologicalsamplesthatwillbelaunchedintospace.Andwemightonedayuseittostorethemassiveamountsofdatapeoplegenerateeveryday.1.HowisdigitalinformationstoredintoDNA?A.ByturningbinarycodeintoDNAbases. B.ByfreezingtheDNAatlowtemperatures.C.BycoatingtheDNAwithambermaterial. D.BysequencingDNAfromancientsamples.2.WhatisthemainadvantageoftheT-REXmethodforDNAstorage?A.BreakingDNAdownwithchemicals.B.Offeringcost-effectivestorageofDNA.C.HelpingDNAsurviveextremewetness.D.ExtractingDNAfromdinosaurs.3.WhatwilltheDNAstoragetechnologybeusedforinthefuture?A.Cloningextinctdinosaurs.B.Reducingglobalplasticpollution.C.Preservingdiversesamples.D.Speedingfuturespaceexploration.4.What'sthemainideaofthetext?A.AbreakthroughinDNAdatastoragetechnology.B.HowdigitaltechnologyadvancesDNAanalysis.C.ThebiologicalapplicationsofDNArepairingsystem.D.HowJurassicParkinspiredDNApreservationresearch.答案1.A2.B3.C4.A2.三年模拟(2025江苏南通一模,D)主题宇宙探索InMortenTyldum'smoviePassengers,charactersJimPrestonandAuroraLaneareona120-yearinterstellarjourneywithotherpeople.Theirdestination:HomesteadⅡ,anewworldtostarttheirlivesanew.Tosurvivethetravel,passengersenteredhibernation(冬眠),eachonefrozenintheirownpod.However,somethinggoeswrongandJimandAurorawakeup90yearstooearly.ButwhatifwetoldyouthathibernationforspacetravelismorelikelytohappenthantheromanticstorybetweenJimandAurora?Hibernationisastateinwhichlivingorganismsslowdowntheirmetabolic(新陈代谢的)processeswhilemaintainingessentialfunctions.Onceinsidethesepods,astronautswillgetdrugstoadjustmetabolism,reducecoretemperature,andcauseinactivity.OncebackonEarth,theywillwakeupandgraduallyreadopttheirnormalfunctionalmetabolism.ForgoingtoMars,astronautswouldrequireabout30kgoffood,water,air,andothersuppliesperday.Thus,hibernationcansignificantlycutdownontheiressentialneeds.Additionally,hibernatingastronautswouldn'tgetbored,stressed,orlonely,andlesstimeandspacewouldbeneededtohelpkeepthemfitorentertained.Butthisismerelythetheory.Spaceagenciesareinvestigatingwhetherreducingbodytemperatureandlaterinducing(导致)metabolismisamorepracticaloption,whilemostresearchprojectsarecurrentlyfocusingonanimals.Thequestionis:howcanweevokehibernationinspeciesthatarenotnormallydoingthat?Andthisiswhytheresearchonrats,notnaturallyhibernatinganimals,isinteresting.Researchonbearsisalsoimportantsincetheirbodysizeismorerelatabletoours.TheconceptisnotbeingconsideredfortheforthcomingMarsmission,butforlongermissionstofartherdestinationssuchastheouterplanets,itcouldbeaveryusefultechnology.Hibernationforhumansisanethicallycontroversialconcept,andcriticsmayconsideritasamadscientist'sdream.However,withoutsuchdreamers,humanitywouldstillbeintheMiddleAges.1.WhydoestheauthormentionthemoviePassengers?A.Toadvertiseapopularsci-fispacemovie.B.Tointroduceanewapproachtolongspaceflights.C.Toexplorethepossibilityofsettlinganotherplanet.D.Torevealthepotentialdangersoflongspacetravel.2.Whathappenstohibernatingastronauts?A.Theirfunctionalmetabolismisdisturbed.B.Theyneedmoretimeandspaceforentertainment.C.Theylosethebalancebetweenbasicneedsandsupplies.D.Theirphysicalandmentalneedsarereducedtoaminimum.3.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“evoke”inparagraph4mean?A.Initiate.B.Justify.C.Define.D.Prioritize.4.Whatdoestheauthorthinkofhibernationforhumans?A.Itmaybeariskystrategy. B.Itisadreamhardtorealize.C.Itcanadvancesocialprogress. D.Itchallengestraditionalmoralvalues.答案1.B2.D3.A4.C3.三年模拟(2026届安徽临泉田家炳实验中学月考)主题极地探索Uptonow,anautonomousunderwatervehicle(AUV)developedbyaChineseuniversityteamhasobtainedabundantdataduringthecountry'slatestArcticexpedition,1.(reveal)variousfeaturesbeneaththeNorthPole.

Thered,fish-shapedrobotcalledXH1000wasmadebyresearchersfromHarbinEngineeringUniversity.Duringthe13thArcticOceanscientificexpedition2.concludedinSeptember,2023,it3.(complete)under-iceenvironmentdetectionoperationsneartheChukchiSeaandrelayedplentyofdata,includingoceanwatertemperature,salinityandpHlevels.4.(equip)withdomesticallydevelopeddetectionsonar(声呐),thepolar-observingAUVexploredanareaof7,000squaremetersbeneaththeArcticice.

OperationteamleaderZhuZhongben,5.associateprofessor,saidthe6.(inform)gatheredwillhelpscientistsimprovetheirunderstandingofthechangingprocessofseaiceandoceancurrentsinthisregion,providingdatasupportfor7.(effective)copingwiththeimpactofglobalclimatechange8.China.

Chinesescientistssetoffforthe13thArcticOceanscientificexpeditiononJuly12,2023aboardthepolaricebreakerXuelong2,travellingover15,000nauticalmilesbeforereturning.TheyreachedtheNorthPoleonSept.5,2023,andtheexpeditiongenerated9.(value)experienceforroboticships10.(work)inhigh-riskpolarareasandfilledthegapinthecountry'sscientificresearchonthepolarregion.

答案1.revealing2.that/which3.completed4.Equipped5.an6.information7.effectively8.on9.valuable10.towork组合练3阅读专练(2)1.三年模拟(2025届海南期中,C)主题宇宙探索AnewstudyprovidesevidencethatMarscontainsalargeoceandeepbeneathitssurface.ThefindingisbasedondatacollectedbytheInSightLander,aroboticexploreroperatedbytheAmericanspaceagencyNASA.InSight,whichlandedin2018,wasdesignedtocapturedatafromwithintheplanet'sinterior.ThelanderendeditsoperationsonMarsinlate2022.Forthecurrentstudy,researchersusedseismic(地震的)datacollectedbyInSight.TheteamexaminedthedatatostudyMartianquakeactivity.InSighthadrecordedmorethan1,300marsquakes.ThedeviceInSightusedtomeasuregroundmovementsiscalledaseismometer(地震仪).ItisextremelysensitivetotheMartianenvironment.TheseismicdatasuggestsliquidwaterexistsdeepbeneaththegroundwhereInSightoperatedfrom.Sincewaterisconsiderednecessarytosupportlife,scientistssaythepresenceofitonMarsleavesopenthepossibilitythatsomeformoflifemightexist,orexistedthereinthepast.NumerousstudiesdonebeforehavealsoprovidedevidencethatliquidwatercouldexistonMars.Scientistshavealreadyuncoveredevidencethatabout3billionyearsago,thesurfaceofMarslikelyhadanactivesystemoflakes,riversandoceans.ScientistsbelievethatMarshaslostitssurfacewaterasitsatmospherebecamelessthick.Thislikelyturnedtheplanetintothedry,dustyworlditistoday.Theyhavetheorizedthatmuchoftheancientwaterescapedoutintospaceorremainedburiedunderthesurface.Thedatasuggestsliquidwatersitsbetween11and20kilometersdownintheMartiancrust.ThewaterislikelycontainedinadeeplayerofigneousrockbeneaththeMartiansurface.Scientistssaidthatthewaterlikelymoveddownfromthesurfacebillionsofyearsago,whenwaterisbelievedtohaveflowedfreelyonMars.Thereiscurrentlynowaytoconfirmthestudy'ssuggestedexistenceofliquidwaterbecauseitsitssofarbeneaththeMartiansurface.Suchaconfirmationwouldrequirelargedrillsandotherspecializedequipment.1.Howdidtheresearchersgetthefinding?A.Byanalyzingthepreviousresearch.B.ByconductinganexperimentonMars.C.Byreferringtothedatafromaroboticexplorer.D.BycomparingtheMartiansurfacewiththatofEarth.2.WhydidwaterdisappearfromthesurfaceofMarsaccordingtothescientists?A.Itsstructurechanged.B.Itsatmospherethinned.C.Itstemperaturerose.D.Itssurfacebrokeintopieces.3.What'stheauthor'sattitudetowardsthenewdiscovery?A.Objective.B.Tolerant.C.Unclear.D.Uncaring.4.What'sthetextmainlyabout?A.TherearefrequentquakesonMarsjustlikeonEarth.B.ScientistshavebeensearchingforsignsoflifeonMars.C.NewstudysuggestsMarshasalargeundergroundocean.D.AnadvanceddeviceforexploringMarshasendeditsmission.答案1.C2.B3.A4.C2.三年模拟(2025届河南郑州中学期中,C)主题宇宙探索Whatonceseemedfarawayisnowareality:Ordinarypeoplecanwalkinspace.OnSept12,2024,theSpaceXPolarisDawncrewmadehistorybyperformingtheworld'sfirstcommercialspacewalk.Firstannouncedin2022,PolarisDawnisthefirstofthreemissionsdesignedtotestanddevelopnewspacetechnologies.USbillionaireJaredIsaacmanisthefounderofthePolarisProgramandhasfundedthemissionsthroughhiscollaborationwithSpaceX.OnSept10,2024,thecrewoffourastronauts,includingIsaacman,waslaunchedintospace.Aftertwodaysofpreparations,Isaacmanfirststeppedoutofthespacecraft.“Backathomeweallhavealotofworktodo,butfromhere—itlookslikeaperfectworld,”hesaidashesteppedoutintospace.Anothercrewmember,SarahGillis,alsotookpartinthespacewalk,withtheactualtimespentoutsidebeingaround10minutesperastronaut,reportedCNN.Asidefromthisamazingachievement,thePolarisDawncrewalsotestedtheirnewSpaceX-design