2025-2026年安徽省人教版初中英语八年级下册第8单元语法习题

2025-2026年安徽省人教版初中英语八年级下册第8单元语法习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecausesheneedtostudyfortheexamlastweek.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcallhimyesterdayevening.C.Theyhavefinishedtheirhomeworksincetheystartedat4PMyesterday.D.Theteachertoldusthatwemustnotusephonesinclassnextmonth.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"need"应为"needed"（一般过去时）；选项B中"call"应为"called"（一般过去时）；选项C中"since"引导的时间状语从句应使用一般过去时"started"；选项D中"mustnotuse"表示一般性禁止，时态正确。第8单元重点考查一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时的区分，需根据时间状语和上下文逻辑判断。2.下列句子中冠词使用错误的一项是？A.ThereisabookonthedeskwhichbelongtoTom.B.SheboughtanappleandabananaatthesupermarketlastSunday.C.Myfatherhasacarbuthedoesn’thaveabike.D.Wearegoingtovisitamuseumnextweekendbecauseitisainterestingplace.参考答案：D解析：选项D中"amuseum"前应加定冠词"the"（特指某个博物馆）；"ainterestingplace"中"interesting"前需加不定冠词"a"。第8单元强调不定冠词、定冠词和不定冠词的用法规则，需注意可数名词单数前必须使用冠词。3.选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.WatchingTVlastnightmakemefeelverytired.B.Shesaidthatshewantedtobuyanewdressforherbirthday.C.Theboysatbythewindow,readingamagazinequietly.D.Iamhappytoseeyouagainafteralongtime.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"make"应为"made"（一般过去时）；选项B中"tobuy"为不定式作宾补；选项C中"reading"为现在分词作伴随状语，符合语法规则；选项D中"tosee"为不定式作目的状语。第8单元重点考查现在分词、过去分词和不定式的用法。4.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Shearrivedatschoolat7o’clockyesterdaymorning.B.Mysisterisinterestedinplaythepianobutshedoesn’tlikesingsongs.C.TheywenttotheparkonSundayafternoonwiththeirparents.D.IamtiredbecauseIstudytoomuchforthetestlastweek.参考答案：A解析：选项B中"playthepiano"应为"playthepiano"（乐器前需加定冠词"the"）；"singsongs"中"tosing"为不定式作宾补；选项C中"onSundayafternoon"应为"onSunday"（星期前通常不用介词）；选项D中"study"应为"studied"（一般过去时）。第8单元强调常见介词（at/on/in）和动词搭配的固定用法。5.选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.Myfatherwillgotothehospitalbecausehefeelsicknow.B.TheyhavebeentoLondontwicebuttheydidn’tvisitParislastyear.C.Sheiswatchingamoviewhenthephoneringlastnight.D.Wewereplayingfootballwhenitstarttorainsuddenly.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"feel"应为"feels"（一般现在时）；选项C中"ring"应为"rang"（一般过去时）；选项D中"start"应为"started"（一般过去时）。第8单元重点考查现在完成时、一般过去时和过去进行时的区分，需结合时间状语和上下文逻辑判断。6.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.ThisbookismoreinterestingthanthatonewhichIborrowedfromyou.B.MybrotherandIgotoschooltogethereverydaybutshedoesn’t.C.Thereisagiftforeverystudentinourclassexceptme.D.Hegaveabooktohisfriendandshegaveittoherbrother.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"thatone"应为"thatbook"（名词性物主代词需指代名词）；选项B中"she"指代错误，应改为"we"（主语一致）；选项C中"foreverystudent"中"every"为限定词，无需加代词；选项D中"it"为宾语从句中的代词，使用正确。第8单元强调人称代词、物主代词和反身代词的用法。7.选择下列句子中形容词和副词使用正确的一项。A.ThemoviewasveryboredandIfellasleepafter10minutes.B.ShespeaksEnglishmorefluentlythanhersisterbutsheisnotasgoodashim.C.Thisexerciseistoodifficultformetofinishinonehour.D.Hisbrotheristallerthanheisandherunsfastthananyoneelse.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"bored"应为"boring"（形容词修饰物）；选项B中"goodashim"应为"goodasshe"（主语一致）；选项D中"fastthananyoneelse"应为"fastasanyoneelse"（比较级需用"as...as"结构）。第8单元重点考查形容词和副词的比较级和最高级用法。8.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中连词使用正确的一项。A.Sheissmartandsheishardworking,soshealwaysgetsgoodgrades.B.IwanttogotothelibraryorIwillfinishmyhomeworkathome.C.Althoughitwasraining,wewentoutforawalkbecausewewerehappy.D.Hedidn’tstudyforthetest,sohefailedtheexambecausehewaslazy.参考答案：A解析：选项B中"or"应为"and"（表示顺承关系）；选项C中"although"和"because"不能同时使用；选项D中"so"和"because"不能同时使用。第8单元强调并列连词（and/but/or）、从属连词（because/although）的用法规则。9.选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.Sheisinterestedinplaybasketballbutsheisn’tgoodatit.B.Iamtiredoflistentoyourexcusesallthetime.C.Heisgoodatplaytheguitarandheoftenpracticeitafterschool.D.Mysisterisafraidofflyonplanesbecauseshehasafearofheight.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"playbasketball"应为"playingbasketball"（固定搭配"beinterestedindoingsth"）；选项B中"listento"应为"listeningto"（固定搭配"betiredofdoingsth"）；选项D中"flyonplanes"应为"flyingonplanes"（固定搭配"beafraidofdoingsth"）。第8单元重点考查常见动词短语搭配。10.根据第8单元语法内容，选择下列句子中句子结构使用正确的一项。A.Ifitraintomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.B.Shesaidthatshewouldgotothepartyifshehavetime.C.WhenIsawhim,hewasrunningtowardstheschool.D.Althoughheisrich,hedoesn’tfeelhappy.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"itrain"应为"itrains"（一般现在时）；选项B中"have"应为"had"（虚拟语气条件状语从句）；选项D中"doesn’tfeelhappy"表达错误，应改为"doesn’tfeelhappy"（否定句需用"not"）。第8单元强调虚拟语气和状语从句的用法。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mybrother______(go)tothegymeverymorningtoexercise.参考答案：goes解析：根据"everymorning"判断为一般现在时，主语"mybrother"为第三人称单数，动词需加"-s"。2.They______(notwatch)TVlastnightbecausethey______(study)fortheexam.参考答案：didn’twatch;werestudying解析：根据"lastnight"判断为一般过去时，第一个空用"didn’twatch"；"because"引导原因状语从句，需用过去进行时"werestudying"。3.Ifit______(rain)tomorrow,we______(have)tostayathome.参考答案：rains;willhave解析：虚拟语气条件状语从句用一般现在时"rains"；主句用一般将来时"willhave"。4.Sheisinterestedin______(play)thepiano,butshedoesn’tlike______(sing)songs.参考答案：playing;singing解析：固定搭配"beinterestedindoingsth"和"likedoingsth"。5.Mysisterisgoodat______(cook)butsheisn’tgoodat______(clean)thehouse.参考答案：cooking;cleaning解析：固定搭配"begoodatdoingsth"。6.Iamtiredof______(wait)foryouallthetime.参考答案：waiting解析：固定搭配"betiredofdoingsth"。7.Heisafraidof______(fly)inairplanesbecausehehasafearof______(fly)high.参考答案：flying;flying解析：固定搭配"beafraidofdoingsth"和"haveafearofdoingsth"。8.Shesaidthatshe______(go)tothepartyifshe______(have)time.参考答案：wouldgo;had解析：宾语从句用虚拟语气，"would+动词原形"和"had+过去分词"。9.WhenI______(see)himyesterday,he______(walk)towardsthelibrary.参考答案：saw;waswalking解析：时间状语"yesterday"用一般过去时，"when"引导的时间状语从句用过去进行时。10.Althoughit______(rain),we______(go)outforawalk.参考答案：rained;went解析："although"引导让步状语从句，用一般过去时；主句用一般过去时。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Sheisinterestedinplaytheguitar,sosheoftenpracticeitafterschool.(×)解析：应为"playingtheguitar"和"practices"。2.MybrotherandIgotoschooltogethereveryday,butshedoesn’t.(×)解析："she"应改为"we"（主语不一致）。3.Ifitrainstomorrow,wewillcancelthepicnic.(×)解析：条件状语从句用一般现在时"rains"。4.Shesaidthatshewouldgotothepartyifshehavetime.(×)解析："have"应改为"had"（虚拟语气）。5.Heisgoodatplaythepianoandheoftenpracticeitafterschool.(×)解析："playthepiano"应为"playingthepiano"，"practice"应改为"practices"。6.Iamtiredoflistentoyourexcusesallthetime.(×)解析："listento"应改为"listeningto"。7.Althoughheisrich,hedoesn’tfeelhappy.(×)解析：否定句需用"doesn’tfeelhappy"。8.Mysisterisafraidofflyonplanesbecauseshehasafearofheight.(×)解析："fly"应改为"flying"，"height"应改为"height"。9.TheywenttotheparkonSundayafternoonwiththeirparents.(×)解析：星期前通常不用介词"on"。10.ThemoviewasveryboredandIfellasleepafter10minutes.(×)解析："bored"应为"boring"（形容词修饰物）。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.简述一般现在时和一般过去时的主要区别。参考答案：一般现在时用于描述经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实，时间状语常用"always/often/sometimes"；一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，时间状语常用"yesterday/lastweek"。2.解释"beinterestedindoingsth"和"begoodatdoingsth"的用法区别。参考答案："beinterestedindoingsth"表示对某事感兴趣，后接名词或动名词；"begoodatdoingsth"表示擅长做某事，后接动名词。3.说明虚拟语气中条件状语从句的时态规则。参考答案：真实条件句用一般现在时，假设条件句用一般过去时；若表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用"would+动词原形"；若表示与过去事实相反，从句用"had+过去分词"，主句用"wouldhave+过去分词"。4.解释"although"和"but"的用法区别。参考答案："although"引导让步状语从句，前后句子主谓一致，不能用"but"；"but"用于并列句，前后句子主谓一致，不能与"although"同时使用。5.说明"betiredofdoingsth"和"betiredtodosth"的用法区别。参考答案："betiredofdoingsth"表示对做某事感到厌倦，后接动名词；"betiredtodosth"表示因太累而无法做某事，后接不定式。6.解释"too...to..."结构的用法。参考答案：表示"太...而不能..."，后接不定式，中间不能加"very"等副词。7.说明冠词"a/an/the"的用法规则。参考答案："a/an"用于可数名词单数前，"the"用于特指名词、独一无二的事物、上文提到过的名词等。8.解释"固定搭配"在英语中的重要性。参考答案：固定搭配是语言习惯的体现，如"beinterestedindoingsth"、"beafraidofdoingsth"等，不能随意改变词序或替换词语。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Myfriend,Tom,______(live)inLondonsince2018.Heoften______(go)tothemuseumonweekends.LastSunday,he______(visit)theBritishMuseum,buthe______(notsee)theQueen’sGallerybecauseit______(close)forrenovation.Ifhe______(have)timenextweekend,he______(go)totheScienceMuseum.参考答案：haslived;goes;visited;didn’tsee;wasclosed;has;willgo解析：根据时间状语"since2018"用现在完成时；"goes"为一般现在时；"visited"为一般过去时；"didn’tsee"为一般过去时；"wasclosed"为一般过去时；"has"为现在完成时；"willgo"为一般将来时。2.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。She______(notstudy)fortheexamlastnightbecauseshe______(feel)sick.Herbrother______(call)hertoaskifshe______(be)okay.She______(tell)himthatshe______(lie)downandrest.参考答案：didn’tstudy;wasfeeling;called;was;told;wouldlie解析：根据时间状语"lastnight"用一般过去时；"wasfeeling"为过去进行时；"called"为一般过去时；"was"为一般过去时；"told"为一般过去时；"wouldlie"为虚拟语气。3.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。IfI______(have)alotofmoney,I______(buy)abighouseinthecountryside.I______(notlike)livinginthecitybecauseit______(be)toonoisy.Mysister______(prefer)toliveinthecitybecauseshe______(like)thebusylife.参考答案：had;wouldbuy;don’tlike;is;prefers;likes解析：虚拟语气条件状语从句用一般现在时"had"；主句用"would+动词原形"；"don’tlike"为一般现在时；"is"为一般现在时；"prefers"为一般现在时；"likes"为一般现在时。4.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。He______(be)interestedinplaytheguitar,buthe______(notpractice)iteveryday.Hisfriend,Jack,______(be)goodatplaythepiano,soheoften______(play)itforthem.Lastnight,they______(have)asmallpartyathome,andthey______(play)musicuntil11PM.参考答案：is;doesn’tpractice;is;plays;had;played解析："beinterestedindoingsth"用"be+动词原形"；"doesn’tpractice"为一般现在时；"is"为一般现在时；"plays"为一般现在时；"had"为一般过去时；"played"为一般过去时。5.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Mysister______(notgo)tothepartylastnightbecauseshe______(have)aheadache.She______(tell)methatshe______(prefer)tostayhomeandwatchamovie.I______(feel)sorryforher,butI______(offer)totakeheroutthenextday.参考答案：didn’tgo;had;told;wouldprefer;felt;offered解析：根据时间状语"lastnight"用一般过去时；"had"为一般过去时；"told"为一般过去时；"wouldprefer"为虚拟语气；"felt"为一般过去时；"offered"为一般过去时。6.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。Ifit______(notrain)tomorrow,we______(go)tothebeach.We______(notlike)toswimintherain,sowe______(stay)homeandwatchTVinstead.Lastyear,it______(rain)allday,andwe______(have)tocancelourpicnic.参考答案：doesn’train;willgo;don’tlike;willstay;rained;hadtocancel解析：虚拟语气条件状语从句用一般现在时"doesn’train"；主句用一般将来时"willgo"；"don’tlike"为一般现在时；"willstay"为一般将来时；"rained"为一般过去时；"hadtocancel"为一般过去时。7.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。He______(be)afraidofflyinairplanesbecausehe______(have)afearofheight.Lastmonth,he______(try)toovercomehisfear,buthe______(notsucceed).Hisfriend______(tell)himthathe______(practice)breathingexercisestocalmdown.参考答案：is;has;tried;didn’tsucceed;told;wouldpractice解析："beafraidofdoingsth"用"be+动词原形"；"has"为现在完成时；"tried"为一般过去时；"didn’tsucceed"为一般过去时；"told"为一般过去时；"wouldpractice"为虚拟语气。8.根据以下情景，用所给动词的适当形式填空。She______(notstudy)fortheexamlastnightbecauseshe______(feel)tired.Herteacher______(tell)herthatshe______(need)tostudymoreifshe______(want)topass.She______(tell)herteacherthatshe______(try)herbest,butshe______(nothave)enoughtime.参考答案：didn’tstudy;wasfeeling;told;needs;wants;wouldtry;didn’thave解析：根据时间状语"lastnight"用一般过去时；"wasfeeling"为过去进行时；"told"为一般过去时；"needs"为一般现在时；"wants"为一般现在时；"wouldtry"为虚拟语气；"didn’thave"为一般过去时。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.D解析：A项"need"应为"needed"；B项"call"应为"called"；C项"since"引导从句需用一般过去时；D项时态正确。2.D解析：A项"belongtoTom"应为"belongtoTom"（名词性物主代词需指代名词）；B项时态正确；C项时态正确；D项"amuseum"前需加定冠词"the"。3.C解析：A项"made"应为"made"（一般过去时）；B项"she"应改为"we"（主语不一致）；C项时态正确；D项"it"为宾语从句中的代词，使用正确。4.A解析：A项时态正确；B项"call"应为"called"；C项"onSunday"应为"onSunday"（星期前不用介词）；D项"start"应为"started"。5.B解析：A项"feel"应为"feels"；C项"since"引导从句需用一般过去时；D项"start"应为"started"。6.D解析：A项"thatone"应为"thatbook"；B项"she"应改为"we"；C项"foreverystudent"中"every"为限定词，无需代词；D项代词使用正确。7.C解析：A项"bored"应为"boring"；B项"goodashim"应为"goodasshe"；D项"fastthananyoneelse"应为"fastasanyoneelse"。8.A解析：B项"or"应为"and"；C项"although"和"because"不能同时使用；D项"so"和"because"不能同时使用。9.C解析：A项"playbasketball"应为"playingbasketball"；B项"listento"应为"listeningto"；D项"flyonplanes"应为"flyingonplanes"。10.C解析：A项"itrain"应为"itrains"；B项"have"应为"had"；D项"doesn’tfeelhappy"表达错误，应改为"doesn’tfeelhappy"。二、填空题1.goes2.didn’twatch;werestudying3.rains;willhave4.playing;singing5.cooking;cleaning6.waiting7.flying;flying8.wouldgo;had9.saw;waswalking10.rained;went三、判断题1.×解析：应为"playingtheguitar"和"practices"。2.×解析："she"应改为"we"。3.×解析：条件状语从句用一般现在时"rains"。4.×解析："have"应改为"had"。5.×解析："playthepiano"应为"playingthepiano"，"practice"应改为"practices"。6.×解析："listento"应改为"listeningto"。7.×解析：否定句需用"doesn’tfeelhappy"。8.×解析："fly"应改为"flying"，"height"应改为"height"。9.×解析：星期前通常不用介词"on"。10.×解析："bored"应为"boring"。四、简答题1.一般现在时用于描述经常性、习惯性的动作或客观事实，时间状语常用"always/often/sometimes"；一般过去时用于描述过去发生的动作或状态，时间状语常用"yesterday/lastweek"。2."beinterestedindoingsth"表示对某事感兴趣，后接名词或动名词；"begoodatdoingsth"表示擅长做某事，后接动名词。3.虚拟语气中条件状语从句的时态规则：真实条件句用一般现在时，假设条件句用一般过去时；若表示与现在事实相反，从句用一般过去时，主句用"would+动词原形"；若表示与过去事实相反，从句用"had+过去分词"，主句用"wouldhave+过去分词"。4."although"引导让步状语从句，前后句子主谓一致，不能用"but"；"but"用于并列句，前后句子主谓一致，不能与"although"同时使用。5."betiredofdoingsth"表示对做某事感到厌倦，后接动名词；"betiredtodosth"表示因太累而无法做某事，后接不定式。6."too...to..."结构表示"太...而不能..."，后接不定式，中间不能加"very"等副词。7.冠词"a/an/the"的用法规则："a/an"用于可数名词单