2025-2026学年江苏省南京市鼓楼区高一（下）期末英语模拟试卷(含详细答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年江苏省南京市鼓楼区高一（下）期末英语模拟试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。ATheUniversityofScienceandTechnologyofChina（USTC）researchinternshipprogramprovidestheopportunityforgraduatestudentsor3rd/4thyearundergraduatestudentstoparticipateinresearchprojectstogainvaluableexperienceonavarietyofcutting-edgeresearchatUSTC.

ProgramBenefits

•Enhanceresearchcapabilityinstate-of-the-artlabsundertheguidanceofprofessorsatUSTC.

•HaveacompetitiveedgeinapplicationforMaster's，PhD.andpost-doctoralprogramsatUSTCbydevelopingrelationshipswithfacultyandstudents.

•ApplyforfreeChineselanguageandcultureclasstolearnbasicChineselanguageandexploreuniqueHuiculture.

ApplicationQualification

1.GoodcommandofEnglish.

2.Non-Chinesecitizenswithaforeignpassport.

3.Currentlyenrolledfull-timestudentsinundergraduateYear3/4，Master's，ordoctoralprograms.

Cost

•Tuition：2，100RMB（≈304USD）permonth（undergraduatestudentormasterstudent）.2，600RMB（≈377USD）permonth（PhDstudent）.

•Studentdormitory：500-1，000RMB（≈73-146USD）permonthdependingonroomtypeandsize.

●Insurance：160RMB（≈23USD）permonth.

Scholarship

USTCofferslimitedscholarshipstooutstandingstudents.Allapplicantswillbeevaluated.

USTCFellowshipLevelA1.freetuition

2.comprehensivemedicalinsurance

3.freeuniversitydormitory

4.grant：2，500RMB（≈392USD）/month（Bachelor）

3，000RMB（≈470USD）/month（Master）

3，500RMB（≈550USD）/month（PhD）LevelB1.freetuition

2.comprehensivemedicalinsuranceLevelCfreetuition1.Whymightinternationalstudentsbeinterestedinthefreeclassesprovidedbytheprogram？______A.TheycangethelpfromUSTCprofessorsintheclasses.

B.Theycangainacompetitiveedgeforpost-doctoralprograms.

C.TheycanlearnbasicChineseandknowaboutHuiculture.

D.Theycanusethelabresourcesafterfinishingtheclasses.2.Whoisqualifiedforthisresearchinternshipprogram？______A.ChineseYear2undergraduateswithfluentEnglish.

B.Chinesepost-doctoralresearcherswithgoodgrades.

C.Part-timeforeignPhDstudentswithproficientEnglish.

D.Full-timeEnglishMaster'sstudentswithaforeignpassport.3.HowmuchdoesaFellowshipLevelBstudentpayatleast？______A.23USD/month. B.73USD/month. C.146USD/month. D.304USD/month.BLast

summer，I

volunteered

at

a

small

woodworking

studio

in

the

old

part

of

our

city.It

was

there

that

I

met

Mr.Chen，a

58-year-old

master

craftsman

whose

hands

told

stories

of

decades

working

with

wood.While

his

workshop

was

filled

with

traditional

tools，what

he

created

was

anything

but

conventional

wooden

furniture

that

perfectly

blended

classic

craftsmanship

with

contemporary

design.What

struck

me

most

was

Mr.Chen's

unique

perspective

on

what

he

called

"new-era

craftsmanship."

Though

he

learned

woodworking

from

his

father

as

a

teenager，he

never

confined

himself

to

old

methods.Recognizing

the

changing

preferences

of

younger

customers，he

spent

evenings

teaching

himself

3

D

modeling

software

and

weekends

researching

sustainable

materials

like

bamboo

composites

and

water-based

finishes.

I

witnessed

his

innovative

approach

firsthand

when

a

young

couple

asked

for

a

custom

bookshelf

for

their

small

apartment.They

needed

something

space-efficient，eco-friendly，and

easy

to

tear

apart

for

potential

moves.Mr.Chen

embraced

the

challenge

enthusiastically.

Over

the

next

week，he

created

multiple

digital

prototypes，experimented

with

three

different

types

of

wood，and

reinvented

traditional

techniques

to

create

interlocking

joints

that

required

no

metal

fasteners.I

often

found

him

working

late，his

experienced

hands

carefully

testing

each

component.When

I

asked

why

he

invested

such

extraordinary

effort

into

what

seemed

like

a

simple

project，he

paused

from

his

work

and

smiled.

"True

craftsmanship

isn't

about

blindly

repeating

what

our

ancestors

did，"

he

explained.

"It's

about

understanding

the

essence

of

tradition

while

having

the

courage

to

adapt

it

for

today's

world."

To

illustrate

his

point，he

showed

me

two

bookshelves—one

he

made

twenty

years

ago，beautiful

in

its

solid

construction，and

the

new

prototype，which

used

thirty

percent

less

material

while

being

equally

steady

and

more

functional

for

modern

living.

Through

Mr.Chen's

example，I

came

to

understand

that

new-era

craftsmanship

represents

the

perfect

marriage

of

dedication

and

innovation.It

honors

the

past

while

embracing

the

future，proving

that

excellence

comes

not

from

doing

one

thing

forever，but

from

doing

it

well

with

an

ever-evolving

spirit.4.Traditional

tools

are

mentioned

in

Paragraph

1

to

______

.A.stress

Mr.Chen's

source

of

inspiration

B.highlight

the

wisdom

of

past

generations

C.promote

the

spirit

of

traditional

craftsmanship

D.contrast

with

Mr.Chen's

modern

and

creative

ideas5.Whydoestheauthorlistspecificrequestsfromtheyoungcouple？______A.Todisplaytheshiftoftraditionalcraftsmanship.

B.Torevealthechallengesfacingtoday'scraftsmen.

C.Toimplytheneedforcraftsmentogowiththetimes.

D.Todistinguishmodernapproachesfromtraditionalones.6.Whatdoes"truecraftsmanship"meaninMr.Chen'sviewpoint？______A.Creatingresource-efficientproducts.

B.Persistingthroughtestingandeffort.

C.Adaptingtraditionwisdomformodernuse.

D.Combiningdigitalandtraditionaltechniques.7.WhatdoesMr.Chen'sstoryshow？______A.Thebestofbothworlds. B.Twosidesofacoin.

C.Ifitisn'tbroken，don'tfixit. D.Whatisnewisnotalwaysbetter.C

Travellershavelongfearedbeingswallowedintothepeatlands（泥炭地）："Ifhisfootslips..itispossiblehemaynevermorebeheardof，"describedWilliamGilpinin1772.

Butnowtheimageofthisecosystemfinallyturnsacorner.UNESCOhasrecognizedtheFlowCountryasaworldheritage（遗产）site-thefirstpeatlandtomakethelist-duetoitsnaturalcharacteristics：theremarkablevarietyofplantsandanimalsthatlivethere.It'salsorecognizedthatthesepeatlandsarenothumankind'senemybutanimportantpartnerinthefightagainstclimatecrisis.PeathasformedintheFlowCountryfor8，000years，trappingcarbon.It'svitalthiscarbonstaystoavoidfurtherglobalheating.

TheFlowCountrywaschosenforitsnaturalheritagenotculturalsignificance，whichcomesasawelcomecontrasttothevastmajorityoftheUK'sotherworldheritagesites.PrioritisingculturemightmakesenseforplaceslikeStonehengeorDurhamCathedral，buttheLakeDistrict？Notsomuch.TheLakeDistrictNationalParkisremarkableforitsnaturalgeography：deepvalleys，unevenpeaksandicylakes.Peoplehavelongshapedthearea，buttheirimpactisjustathinlayeronaremarkablysplendidlandscape.Yet，whentheparkgainedworldheritagestatusin2017，itwaslargelyuponthebasisofitsrelativelyrecenttraditionofsheepfarming.ThedecisionreflectedhowtheEnglishperceivethenaturalworld.

ButtherecognitionoftheFlowCountrylooksevenmoreprofound.Itrepresentsachangenotonlyinourperceptionofpeatlandsbutofnatureitself.UnliketheLakeDistrict，itprioritisesnotsheep，butmoss（苔藓）.Thisapproachalignswiththegrowingmovementtorecognisetherightsofnature：toreframethenaturalworldassomethingmorethanacollectionofrawmaterials.

Noneofthatistoignorehumans'roleintheFlowCountrybutweshouldrecognizethatnolandscapeintheUKcanbeconsideredinisolationfromitsculture，whilealsorememberingthatthehumanstoryneverunfoldsalone.8.WhydoestheauthorquoteWilliamGilpininparagraph1？______A.Toillustratetheauthor'spoint. B.Togiveascientificexplanation.

C.Toprovidehistoricalbackground. D.Topresentacommonpartialview.9.ForwhatwastheFlowCountryrecognizedasaUNESCOWorldHeritagesite？______A.Climatebenefitandnaturalvalue.

B.Beautifulsceneryandconservationefforts.

C.Geographicaluniquenessandrarespecies.

D.Educationalsignificanceandculturalvalue.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedphrase"alignswith"inparagraph4mean？______A.addresses. B.matches. C.Challenges. D.Outweighs.11.Whatisthetextmainlyabout？______A.TheformationoftheFlowCountry.

B.TherecognitionoftheLakeDistrict.

C.Thelong-overduerespectforpeatlands.

D.Theconservationdifficultiesofpeatlands.D

Muchhasbeendiscussedabouthowmodernlifestylesleadtoinsufficientsleep，unlikeourancestorswholivedinsimplertimes.However，ananalysisof54globalsleepstudiesrevealsthatindividualsinsmall，non-industrialsocietiesactuallysleeplessthanthoseinmoreindustrializedregions.

"EveryoneIspeaktoinCanadaandtheUScomplainsaboutpoorsleep，"saysLeelaMcKinnonfromtheUniversityofTorontoMississauga."Butthedatadoesn'tsupportthat."Itiscommonlybelievedthattheriseofdeviceslikesmartphoneshasresultedinreducedsleep—oftenreferredtoasasleep-lossepidemic.Yet，manystudiesreportingadeclineinsleepdurationrelyonself-reporteddata，whichisanunreliablemeasure.

Researchusingmorereliablemethods，suchasactivitymonitorsorbrainwavetracking，hasnotindicatedadecreaseinsleepoverrecentdecades.Forinstance，a2023reviewof168studiesfoundnosignificantdropinsleepdurationoverthepast50years.However，thesestudiesprimarilyfocusedonindustrializednations，leavingthequestionofwhethersleeppatternsweredifferentbeforeindustrializationunanswered.Theavailabilityofwrist-basedactivitymonitorsmadeiteasiertostudysleepinnon-industrialsocieties.Suchstudieshaverevealedshortsleepdurations.Forinstance，amonghunter-gatherers，theSanpeoplesinsouthernAfricasleepfor6.7hoursanightonaverage.

McKinnonandhercolleagueDavidSamson，alsofromtheUniversityofTorontoMississauga，haveparticipatedinseveralrelevantstudies.Theycomparedsleephabitsinindustrializednations—liketheUSandAustralia—withthoseinsmaller，non-industrialcommunities，includinglocalgroupsintheAmazon，Madagascar，andTannaIslandinthePacific.Theiranalysis，themostcomprehensivetodate，involveddirectmeasurementsofsleepin866participantsaged18andolderwithnoserioushealthissues.Theydiscoveredthatindividualsinnon-industrialsocietiesaveraged6.4hoursofsleep，whilethoseinindustrialsocietiesaveraged7.1hours.Additionally，peopleinnon-industrialsocietieswereasleepfor74%oftheirtimeinbed，comparedto88%inindustrializedareas，aconceptknownassleepefficiency.

Samsonbelievesthatpeopleinindustrializedsocietiessleeplongerandbetterbecausetheirenvironmentismoresuitableforsleep."Weseethatwe'vemadesomerealgainsinthesafetyandsecurityofoursleepsites，"hesays，"Wenolongerneedtoworryaboutrivalgroupsorpredatorsatnight."12.WhatdoesLeelaMcKinnonthinkofsleepcomplaints？______A.Theyareoverstatedbypeople. B.Theyaresupportedbydata.

C.TheyareuniquetoCanada. D.Theyarecausedbysmartphones.13.Howdidtheresearchersconducttheirresearchonpeople'ssleephabits？______A.Bycollectingsleepdataofdifferentagegroups.

B.Byinterviewingparticipantsabouttheirsleeproutines.

C.Byanalyzinghealthproblemsofsleep-deficientpeople.

D.Bycomparingsleepconditionsofdifferentsocieties.14.Whydopeopleinindustrialsocietiessleepbetter？______A.Theysleeplessbutfeelbetter.

B.Theirsleeptechnologyisadvanced.

C.Theyaremoreusedtoshortsleep.

D.Theirsleepenvironmentsaresafer.15.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout？______A.Researchchallengesbeliefsaboutsleep.

B.Technologygreatlyreducessleeptime.

C.Industrializationworsenssleepquality.

D.Non-industrialsocietiessleepbetter.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。阅读下列短文，从短文中的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

The

power

of

no：how

to

build

strong，healthy

boundariesNo.Atiny，yetmightyword.Tohearitcanmakeusfeelchildlike；sheepishorintrouble.（1）______InJuly，whenthegymnastSimone.BileswithdrewfrommostofherOlympicsappearances，citingemotionalexhaustionthatwasaffectingherabilitytoperform，her"no"wasabsolutelyunexpected.（2）______White，malesportsexpertsusedtheword"selfish".ItwasasimilarstorywhenthetennisplayerNaomiOsakawithdrewfromtheFrenchOpeninMay，speakingof"longbouts（发作）ofdepression"and"hugewavesofanxiety"beforeherpre-andpost-matchpressconferences.

Forbothwomen，afteralifetimeofintensivetraining，intheworld'sgaze，therisksofsayingnowerehuge.（3）______AsuperstarathletesuchasBilespullingawayfromthemosthonoredsportingeventintheworldtoprioritizeherstateofmindfeltculturallyinfluential，yetremarkablysimple.（4）______

（5）______AccordingtoSteveMagness，anOlympicathleticscoachandperformancescientist，"Youspendyearsbuildingtowardsamomentandhaveexternalpressurecomingatyouwhichtransformsintounbelievableinternalpressure.Idon'tthinktheeverydaypersonunderstandsthat."Magnesshasspentadecaderesearchingtoughness，namely，our"deepmisunderstanding"ofwhatitreallymeans."Theeasydecisionwastopushonwardsnomatterwhat.Youcanalwaysdefend'trying'.Theharddecisionwastosayno."

A.Reactionswerelargelysupportive，butopinionsweredividedalongpoliticallinesintheUS.

B.TheOlympicgamesareemotionallyexhausting.

C.Forgoodmentalhealth，focusingonourowntoughnessiscrucial

D.Howdoesitmakeyoufeeltosay"no"？Strong？Nervous？Guilty？

E.Whenwefinditdifficulttosay'no'atworkorathome，ourresponsibilitiescanquicklybecomeoverwhelming.

F.Butthemessagewasthattheywereremovingthemselvesfromsystemsthatmightnotprotectthem.

G.Whyshouldn'tsheputothers'expectationssecondiffeelingcompletelyoverwhelmed？16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共15分。Li

Jia

returned

to

her

hometown

in

the

remote

mountains

last

summer，only

to

find

the

once-thriving

bamboo

weaving

industry

on

the

edge

of

(21)

.The

old

workshops，where

her

grandfather

once

spent

decades

perfecting

his

(22)

，now

stood

empty，their

wooden

frames

covered

in

dust.The

familiar

sound

of

bamboo

strips

being

split—once

a

constant

backdrop

to

village

life—had

fallen

silent.

When

she

asked

Uncle

Wang，the

last

remaining

master

weaver

in

the

village，why

no

young

people

wanted

to

learn

the

craft，he

sighed

heavily.

"Bamboo

weaving

takes

at

least

five

years

to

master，and

the

pay

is

(23)

compared

to

factory

jobs

in

the

city.Young

folks

are

in

too

much

of

a

hurry

to

(24)

the

patience

it

requires.They'd

rather

work

overtime

for

quick

money

than

sit

for

hours

splitting

bamboo

into

thin，even

strips."

His

words

left

Li

Jia

with

a

deep

sense

of

(25)

；she

remembered

watching

her

grandfather

weave

baskets

as

a

child，his

hands

moving

with

effortless

(26)

，turning

raw

bamboo

into

works

of

art.

Determined

to

(27)

the

tradition

from

fading

away，Li

Jia

quit

her

office

job

in

the

city

and

moved

back

home.She

started

by

documenting

Uncle

Wang's

weaving

process—taking

hundreds

of

photos

and

videos，

(28)

every

detail

of

how

he

softened

bamboo

in

boiling

water，split

it

with

a

bamboo

knife，and

wove

the

strips

into

delicate

baskets

and

mats.At

first，her

efforts

were

met

with

(29)

.Some

villagers

joked

that

she

was

"chasing

ghosts

of

the

past，"

while

others

doubted

a

young

woman

could

ever

(30)

such

a

complex

craft.But

Li

Jia

didn't

let

the

doubt

stop

her.

She

set

up

an

online

shop，where

she

sold

the

pieces

Uncle

Wang

made，and

used

the

profits

to

(31)

high-quality

bamboo

for

him.She

also

created

short

videos

about

bamboo

weaving，sharing

the

stories

behind

each

piece—how

a

basket's

pattern

was

inspired

by

mountain

clouds，or

how

a

mat's

color

reflected

the

village's

autumn

foliage.To

her

surprise，the

videos

went

viral，attracting

thousands

of

views

from

people

(32)

in

traditional

crafts.

Slowly，Li

Jia's

work

(33)

.More

young

people

in

the

village

began

to

gather

around

Uncle

Wang's

workshop，asking

to

learn.She

even

organized

workshops

in

nearby

cities，where

she

taught

urban

residents

the

basics

of

bamboo

weaving.

"It's

not

just

about

making

baskets，"

Li

Jia

told

a

reporter

during

an

interview.

"It's

about

keeping

our

ancestors'

wisdom

(34)

—a

way

to

let

the

world

know

that

our

small

village

has

something

precious

to

(35)

."

Today，the

sound

of

splitting

bamboo

has

returned

to

the

village.And

for

Li

Jia，that

sound

is

more

than

just

noise—it's

the

sound

of

tradition

coming

back

to

life.21.A.disappearance B.emergence C.survival D.growth22.A.skill B.craft C.technique D.hobby23.A.generous B.flexible C.meager D.stable24.A.develop B.abandon C.ignore D.test25.A.pride B.relief C.regret D.urgency26.A.caution B.clumsiness C.precision D.hesitation27.A.rescue B.prevent C.ban D.separate28.A.skipping B.capturing C.modifying D.hiding29.A.enthusiasm B.skepticism C.approval D.curiosity30.A.master B.invent C.reform D.promote31.A.donate B.store C.purchase D.export32.A.experienced B.absorbed C.successful D.interested33.A.faded B.spread C.paid

off D.broke

down34.A.alive B.secret C.safe D.hidden35.A.protect B.offer C.gain D.inherit四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.

TheSilkRoad，coveringvastdistancesandanastonishing

(1)

（vary）oflandscapes，wasanetworkofancienttraderoutesfromEastAsiatotheMediterranean.AcrucialsectionofthenetworkistheChang'an-TianshanCorridor

(2)

（stretch）throughChina，KazakhstanandKyrgyzstan.Thethreecountriessuccessfullypursuedtheroute'sstatusinUNESCOWorldHeritage.

TheSilkRoadbegantodevelopinthe2ndcenturyBCEwhenZhangQian，theambassadorassignedbytheemperor，

(3)

（journey）fromChang'antoCentralAsia.Differentways

(4)

（seek）byZhangQiantobuildbridgesbetweenthemajorpowersofthetime，

(5)

theroutesnetworkreachingasfarastheRomanEmpire.

(6)

（initial），silkwasthemainitemexportedalongthenetwork

(7)

itsweightwaslightanditsvaluewashigh.Apartfromtradeexchange，thenetworkwasemployedtoexchangecultures，

(8)

shapedtheevolutionofscience，art，technologyandotherareasinsocietiesalongthenetwork.

Theseamazinglylongroutesachieveda

(9)

（share）developmentbyconnectingEasternandWesterncivilizations.TheadditionoftheChang'an-TianshanCorridor

(10)

theUNESCOWorldHeritageListisamilestoneinrecognitionoftheSilkRoadasacrucialpartofmankind'scommonheritage.(1)

(2)

(3)

(4)

(5)

(6)

(7)

(8)

(9)

(10)

五、书面表达：本大题共2小题，共40分。37.学校英文报正在开展以"HowOftenMealsAreSkipped"为题的调查，结果显示绝大多数学生都存在"翘饭"现象，请使用图表中的调查结果写一篇短文投稿，内容包括：

（1）调查结果和评论；

（2）你的建议。

注意：

（1）词数应为80左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

HowOftenMealsAreSkipped________38.Martha

and

her

husband

Jeff

had

a

fancy

house

in

the

countryside，where

they

spent

almost

every

summer

together

with

their

boys

Tom

and

Nathan.

Tom

was

10

and

Nathan

was

8，the

two

of

whom

were

closely

bonded，unlike

some

other

siblings

who

would

often

fight

over

small

things.Except

for

one

thing，cleaning!One

sunny

morning，Martha

called

out

to

her

children，"

Tom

and

Nathan，it's

time

to

clean

your

room!"

The

kids

sighed

deeply.Cleaning

their

room

was

always

a

chore

they

disliked.

Unwillingly，Tom

and

Nathan

made

their

way

to

their

messy

room.Toys

were

scattered

all

over

the

floor，clothes

were

piled

up

on

chairs，and

books

were

haphazardly

（随意的）

piled

on

the

shelves.It

was

a

complete

mess!

Mom

entered，"

Oh，my!This

room

is

a

disaster

zone!We

need

to

work

together

to

clean

it

up."

Tom

and

Nathan

exchanged

looks，clearly

not

pleased

with

the

task

at

hand.They

had

a

history

of

arguing，especially

when

it

came

to

cleaning

their

room.

Mom，sensing

their

unwillingness，reminded

the

kids，"

A

clean

room

not

only

look

slick

but

also

helps

us

find

things

easily.It's

important

to

take

care

of

our

belongings

and

keep

our

surroundings

clean."

The

boys

didn't

respond，seemingly

thinking

about

something.

Jeff，who

was

passing

by，overheard

the

dialogue

and

decided

to

lend

a

hand.He

decided

to

take

a

different

approach.He

said，

"I

understand

that

cleaning

can

be

boring，but

what

if

we

turn

it

into

a

fun

challenge？Let's

see

who

can

find

the

most

interesting

item

hidden

in

this

messy

room.The

winner

gets

to

choose

what

we

have

for

dessert

tonight!"

Tom

and

Nathan's

eyes

lit

up

with

excitement.They

loved

a

good

challenge，especially

when

there

was

a

delicious

reward

involved.They

eagerly

accepted

their

father's

proposal

and

began

searching

for

hidden

treasures.

注意：

（1）续写词数应为150个左右；

（2）请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。

They

started

by

picking

up

the

toys

and

organizing

them

into

respective

boxes.

Slowly

but

surely，the

room

began

to

look

tidier.

答案和解析1~3.【答案】C、D、B【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据ProgramBenefits（项目福利）部分•HaveacompetitiveedgeinapplicationforMaster's，PhD.andpost-doctoralprogramsatUSTCbydevelopingrelationshipswithfacultyandstudents.（通过与师生建立联系，在申请中科大硕士、博士及博士后项目时更具竞争力。）•ApplyforfreeChineselanguageandcultureclasstolearnbasicChineselanguageandexploreuniqueHuiculture.（可免费申请汉语文化课程，学习基础汉语，探索独特的徽州文化。）可知，国际学生对免费课程感兴趣是因为可以学习基础汉语和了解徽州文化。故选C。

（2）细节理解题。根据ApplicationQualification（申请资格）部分1.GoodcommandofEnglish.（具备良好的英语能力。）2.Non-Chinesecitizenswithaforeignpassport.（持外国护照的非中国公民。）3.Currentlyenrolledfull-timestudentsinundergraduateYear3/4，Master's，ordoctoralprograms.（目前在读的全日制大三/大四本科生、硕士生或博士生。）可知，持外国护照的全日制英语硕士学生符合资格。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据Scholarship部分的LevelB"1.freetuition；2.comprehensivemedicalinsurance（1.免学费；2.综合医疗保险）"，以及Cost部分的"Studentdormitory：500-1，000RMB（≈73-146USD）permonthdependingonroomtypeandsize.Insurance：160RMB（≈23USD）permonth.（学生宿舍：每月500-1000元人民币（约73-146美元），取决于房间类型和大小。保险：每月160元人民币（约23美元））"，LevelB已经包含了学费和保险，所以最少需要支付的是宿舍费用的最低值73美元每月。故选B。

本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了中国科学技术大学的研究实习项目的相关信息，包括项目福利、申请资格等。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。4~7.【答案】D、C、C、A【解析】略

1.

细节理解题。根据第一段While

his

workshop

was

filled

with

traditional

tools，what

he

created

was

anything

but

conventional

wooden

furniture

that

perfectly

blended

classic

craftsmanship

with

contemporary

design.What

struck

me

most

was

Mr.Chen's

unique

perspective

on

what

he

called

"new-era

craftsmanship."（虽然他的工作室里摆满了传统工具，但他的作品绝非传统木制家具，而是完美融合了经典工艺与当代设计的作品。）可知，提及传统工具是为了和陈师傅融合传统与现代的创新理念形成对比，故选D。

2.

细节理解题。根据第二段Theyneededsomethingspace-efficient，eco-friendly，andeasytotearapartforpotentialmoves.Mr.Chenembracedthechallengeenthusiastically.（这对年轻夫妇想要一件节省空间、环保且方便拆卸以便日后搬家的家具。陈师傅满怀热情地接受了这个挑战。）以及第三段Overthenextweek，hecreatedmultipledigitalprototypes，experimentedwiththreedifferenttypesofwood，andreinventedtraditionaltechniquestocreateinterlockingjointsthatrequirednometalfasteners.（在接下来的一周里，他创建了多个数字原型，试验了三种不同类型的木材，并重新发明了传统技术，创造了不需要金属紧固件的联锁接头。）可知，年轻夫妇的特殊需求倒逼陈师傅创新工艺，暗示工匠需顺应时代变化，故选C。

3.

细节理解题。根据第三段"Truecraftsmanshipisn'taboutblindlyrepeatingwhatourancestorsdid，"heexplained."It'saboutunderstandingtheessenceoftraditionwhilehavingthecouragetoadaptitfortoday'sworld."（他解释说："真正的工艺不是盲目地重复我们祖先的做法。"。"这是关于理解传统的精髓，同时有勇气将其适应当今世界。"）可知，他认为真正的工匠精神是在理解传统精髓的基础上，勇于将其适应现代需求，故选C。

4.

推理判断题。根据全文及最后一段ThroughMr.Chen'sexample，Icametounderstandthatnew-eracraftsmanshiprepresentstheperfectmarriageofdedicationandinnovation.Ithonorsthepastwhileembracingthefuture，provingthatexcellencecomesnotfromdoingonethingforever，butfromdoingitwellwithanever-evolvingspirit.（通过陈先生的例子，我明白了新时代工艺代表了奉献与创新的完美结合。它尊重过去，拥抱未来，证明卓越不是来自永远做一件事，而是来自以不断发展的精神把它做好。）可知，陈师傅的故事体现了传统与现代的完美融合，对应Thebestofbothworlds（两全其美），故选A。8~11.【答案】D、A、B、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第一段Travellershavelongfearedbeingswallowedintothepeatlands（泥炭地）："Ifhisfootslips..itispossiblehemaynevermorebeheardof，"describedWilliamGilpinin1772.（长久以来旅行者都害怕被泥炭地吞噬，威廉・吉尔平在1772年描述道："一旦脚下打滑，这个人或许就会彻底消失，杳无音信。"）以及第二段Butnowtheimageofthisecosystemfinallyturnsacorner.（但如今这片生态系统的形象终于迎来转机）可知，人们长久以来惧怕泥炭地，这是片面的旧印象，作者引用WilliamGilpin的话是展示这种普遍的片面看法，故选D。

（2）细节理解题。根据第二段UNESCOhasrecognizedtheFlowCountryasaworldheritage（遗产）site-thefirstpeatlandtomakethelist-duetoitsnaturalcharacteristics：theremarkablevarietyofplantsandanimalsthatlivethere.It'salsorecognizedthatthesepeatlandsarenothumankind'senemybutanimportantpartnerinthefightagainstclimatecrisis.PeathasformedintheFlowCountryfor8，000years，trappingcarbon.（联合国教科文组织将弗洛地区认定为世界遗产，它也是首个入选名录的泥炭地，原因在于其自然特质：当地栖息着种类繁多的动植物。人们同时意识到，这些泥炭地并非人类的敌人，而是应对气候危机的重要伙伴。弗洛地区的泥炭已经形成八千年之久，能够固存碳元素）可知，FlowCountry入选世界遗产是因为其自然价值与对抗气候危机的气候效益，故选A。

（3）词义猜测题。根据第四段UnliketheLakeDistrict，itprioritisesnotsheep，butmoss（苔藓）.Thisapproachalignswiththegrowingmovementtorecognisetherightsofnature：toreframethenaturalworldassomethingmorethanacollectionofrawmaterials.（与湖区不同，这片地区优先保护的不是绵羊，而是苔藓。这种理念与日渐壮大的认可自然权利运动相一致：重新定义自然，不再只将其看作原材料的集合）句意：这种思路与日益壮大的认可自然权利的运动相契合。alignswith意为"匹配、契合"，A.addresses设法解决；B.matches匹配；C.Challenges挑战；D.Outweighs胜过，更重要。故选B。

（4）主旨大意题。全文先介绍人们以往对泥炭地的负面刻板印象，再讲述FlowCountry泥炭地成功列入世界遗产，体现人们对泥炭地认知的转变，开始重视泥炭地的生态价值，核心是泥炭地终于获得应有的重视与尊重。结合第一段Travellershavelongfearedbeingswallowedintothepeatlands（长久以来旅行者都害怕被泥炭地吞噬）、第二段UNESCOhasrecognizedtheFlowCountryasaworldheritagesite（联合国教科文组织将弗洛地区列为世界遗产）、第四段Itrepresentsachangenotonlyinourperceptionofpeatlandsbutofnatureitself（这代表我们对泥炭地乃至整个自然的认知都发生了转变）可知，文章主旨是泥炭地终于收获迟来的尊重，故选C。

该短文讲述了英国泥炭地FlowCountry被联合国教科文组织列为世界遗产的意义。作为首个入选的泥炭地，其价值在于保存8000年的碳储存能力和生物多样性，标志着人们对泥炭地从恐惧到重视的转变。文章对比了英国其他以文化价值入选的遗产地（如湖区），强调FlowCountry以自然属性为核心入选，反映了重新定义人与自然关系的新理念——将自然视为具有内在价值的主体，而非仅服务于人类的资源。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。12~15.【答案】A、D、D、A【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第二段EveryoneIspeaktoinCanadaandtheUScomplainsaboutpoorsleep，"saysLeelaMcKinnonfromtheUniversityofTorontoMississauga."Butthedatadoesn'tsupportthat.（我在加拿大和美国交谈过的每个人都抱怨睡眠不好，"多伦多大学密西沙加分校的里拉•麦金农说。但数据并不支持这种说法。）可推知，McKinnon认为人们对睡眠不佳的抱怨与客观数据不符，即这些抱怨被言过其实了。故选A。

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Theycomparedsleephabitsinindustrializednations—liketheUSandAustralia—withthoseinsmaller，non-industrialcommunities，includinglocalgroupsintheAmazon，Madagascar，andTannaIslandinthePacific.（他们对比了工业化国家——如美国和澳大利亚——与小型非工业化社群的睡眠习惯，包括亚马逊、马达加斯加以及太平洋塔纳岛的本地群体。）可知，研究人员通过直接对比不同社会类型的睡眠条件来开展研究。故选D。

（3）细节理解题。根据最后一段Samsonbelievesthatpeopleinindustrializedsocietiessleeplongerandbetterbecausetheirenvironmentismoresuitableforsleep."Weseethatwe'vemadesomerealgainsinthesafetyandsecurityofoursleepsites，"hesays，