2025-2026学年浙江省绍兴市高一（下）期末英语试卷(含详细答案解析)

第=page11页，共=sectionpages11页2025-2026学年浙江省绍兴市高一（下）期末英语试卷一、阅读理解：本大题共15小题，共37.5分。AAmericans

spend

hundreds

of

billions

of

dollars

on

gifts

each

year，across

holidays

and

personal

occasions.The

average

American

spends

roughly

＄1，638

per

person

each

year

on

gifts

for

others，according

to

.

This

includes

major

holidays

like

Christmas，birthdays，weddings，Valentine's

Day，Mother's

Day，Father's

Day，and

more.In

2025，gift

spending

is

reaching

new

highs

in

several

categories，reflecting

both

strong

consumer

enthusiasm

and

transitional

trends

（趋势）

in

what，how，and

where

people

are

gifting.

Table

1：Average

American

Spending

from

2023-2025Occasions2023

Spending2024

Spending2025

Spending

（est.）Winter

Holidays

（Nov-Dec）＄975

avg.＄1，012

avg.～＄1，000+avg.

（record

high）Valentine's

Day＄25.9

B

total＄25.8

B

total＄27.5

B

total

（record）Mother's

Day＄35.7

B

total

（record）＄33.5

B

total＄34.1

B

totalFather's

Day＄22.9

B

total

（record）＄22.4

B

total＄24.0

B

total

（record）Gift

Cards

（Holiday

Season）＄29.3

B

total＄28.6

B

total～＄28-29

B

（expected）Americans

are

changing

in

how

they

approach

gift-giving.While

traditional

physical

items

remain

the

backbone

of

the

gift

economy，digital

options

and

experience-based

gifts

are

becoming

increasingly

popular.

Table

2：Gift

Types

and

Their

General

TrendGift

TypesKey

Stats

（2025）TrendPopular

OccasionsPhysical

Goods54%

buy

clothing，36%

toys，

31%

books/media，30%

candyStable

but

slowly

decliningHolidays，Birthdays，Valentine'sGift

Cards

&

Digital＄28.6-29.3

B/year，44%

of

holiday

shoppers

buy

gift

cardsGrowing

especially

for

flexibilityChristmas，Father's

Day，and

Last-minute

giftsExperience

Gifts30-36%

plan

experiences

for

major

holidays，

＄5.4

B

on

Valentine

outingsFastest

growthValentine's，Mother's/Father's

Day1.Which

occasion

saw

the

highest

total

spending

from

2023-2025？______A.Father's

Day. B.Mother's

Day.

C.Valentine's

Day. D.Holiday

Season.2.Whatcanwelearnaboutgift-givingtrendin2025？______A.Lessthan30%ofpeoplechooseexperiencegifts.

B.Physicalgoodsaregrowingfasterthanothergifts.

C.Giftcardsaren'tpopularforlast-minutegiftneeds.

D.Digitalandexperience-basedgiftsaregainingpopularity.3.What

is

the

purpose

of

the

passage？______A.To

teach

gift

selection

for

various

holidays.

B.To

illustrate

Americans'

flexible

gift

choices.

C.To

indicate

Americans'

overspending

on

gifts.

D.To

show

the

gift-spending

trends

and

shifts

in

US.B

BaoZheng，widelyknownasBaoGongor"JusticeBao"，isagreathistoricalfigureinChinacelebratedforhiscommitmenttojustice，cleangovernment，andtheruleoflaw.

BorninHefei，AnhuiProvince，Baoisrememberedforhiswisdomintakingchargeofcriminalcases，hisfearlessadvicetotheemperor，andhisdeephatredofwrongdoing.Hisstorieshavebeenpasseddownforcenturiesthroughfolktales，operas，films，andTVdramas.Today，lecturesonBao'slifeandvaluesareheldregularlyatHefei'sBaoGongPark，educatingcivilservantsontheimportanceofjusticeandcleangovernance.

Accordingtohistoricalrecords，beforeBao'stimeinoffice，ordinarypeoplecouldnotstartlegalactionagainstthegovernment.AfterassumingofficeinBianjing（present-dayKaifeng），heintroducedakeyreform（改革）thatallowedindividualstopresentcaseinformationdirectly.Thischangeeffectivelypreventedofficialsfromacceptingbribes（贿赂）andfalsifyinglegaldocuments.Duringhisterminoffice，theHuiminRiverfloodedfrequently，causinggreatsuffering.Challengingtherichandpowerful，Baoclearedthewaterwaysandtoredownillegalstructuresalongthebankstoeasethepeople'shardships.

TheemperoroncewishedtorewardBaoforhisoutstandingservice.Baorepeatedlydeclinedgenerousoffersandfinallyacceptedonlyasmallsectionofthecity'sdefensivemoat（护城河）.Heexplainedthatifhisdescendantsfailedtopasstheimperialexaminationsandbecomeofficials，theycouldmakealivingbyraisingfishandgrowinglotusrootsinthewater—ratherthanabusingpower.

Baopassedawayin1062.Inhiswill，hedeclaredanydescendantwhoengagedinwrongdoingswhileholdingpublicofficewouldbeforbiddenfromreturningtothefamilyhomeorbeingburiedintheancestralgraveyard.4.Whatdothelecturesaimtoachieveaccordingtoparagraph2？______A.Topreservelocalfolktalesandoperas.

B.Tospreadprinciplesofhonestyandjustice.

C.Topromotetheparkasatouristdestination.

D.Toprovidecase-managingskillsforcivilservants.5.WhatcanwelearnaboutBaoZheng'slegalreform？______A.Itfocusedonthefloodcontrol.

B.Itchangedofficials'moralfaith.

C.Itallowedpersonallegalaction.

D.Itrequiredpermissionfromofficials.6.WhydidBaoonlyacceptthecity'spartialdefensivemoat？______A.Heforesawtheriver'spotentialvalue.

B.Hequestionedtheemperor'ssincerity.

C.Heintendedtosetothersamoralexample.

D.Hewantedhisdescendantstosupportthemselves.7.WhichofthefollowingbestdescribesBaoZhengaccordingtothetext？______A.Capableandindependent. B.Determinedandpatient.

C.Principledandfar-sighted. D.Ambitiousandtough-minded.C

Gravityseemssimpleindailylife：dropanapple，anditfalls.Onuniversalscales，though，gravitybecomesoneofscience'sbiggeststresstests.Itgovernstheformationofgalaxies（星系）andtheoverallstructureoftheuniverse，yetsomeoftheuniverse'smotionsstilldonotaddup.

Thislong-runningmismatchdroveUniversityofPennsylvaniaastronomerPatricioA.Gallardoandhisteamtoaskabasicbutsignificantquestion：whatifgravitybehavesdifferentlyacrossthelargestdistancesintheuniverse？

"Astrophysicshasbeentroubledbyamassivegap，"saysGallardo."Somestarsandgalaxiesappeartobemovingwaytoofastfortheamountofvisiblemattertheycontain."Thisleadstotwopossibleexplanations：eithervastamountsofunseen"darkmatter"exist，addingextragravitationalpull，orthelawsofgravityneedtobemodified.

Now，drawingondatafromtheAtacamaCosmologyTelescope（ACT），theteamhascarriedoutatestofgravityonanunprecedentedscale.Theyexaminedgalaxyclustersseparatedbyhundredsofmillionsoflight-years.Theirresults，publishedinPhysicalReviewLetters，showthatgravitationalstrengthdecreaseswithincreasingdistanceinlinewiththepredictionsmadebyNewton，whichwerelaterabsorbedintoEinstein'sgeneraltheoryofrelativity."ItisremarkablethatthelawproposedbyNewtoninthe17thcenturyisstillholdingitsgroundinthe21st，"saysGallardo.

Thesefindingssupportedthestandardmodelofcosmology（宇宙学）.Byconfirmingthatgravitybehavesasexpectedacrossvastdistances，theresultschallengethetheorieslikeModifiedNewtonianDynamics（MOND），whichattempttoexplainuniversalbehaviorbymodifyingthelawsofgravity.

WhenNewtonfirstdescribedtheinversesquarerelationship，hefocusedonmotionswithinourSolarSystem.Today，thatsameprinciplehasbeentestedacrossdistancesandmassesthatwere，asGallardonotes，"inconceivableinNewton'sday."8.Whatisthemainintentionofthestudy？______A.Totestgravityatuniversalscales.

B.Tomeasurethestars'movingspeed.

C.Tocomparedifferentlawsofgravity.

D.Toprovetheexistenceofdarkmatter.9.Whatcanbeinferredabouttheteam'sdiscovery？______A.Gravityweakenswiththedecreaseofdistances.

B.Newton'stheorylacksenoughstrikingevidence.

C.Newton'sgravitylawworksacrossvastdistances.

D.ThelawofgravitywasbasedonEinstein'sresearch.10.Whatdoestheunderlinedword"inconceivable"inparagraph6mean？______A.Unbelievable B.Significant C.Inspiring D.Fascinating11.Whichofthefollowingcanbethebesttitleforthetext？______A.TheMysteryofDarkMatterFinallySolved.

B.DatafromACTChallengesLawofGravity.

C.AnUnchangingLawinanExpandingUniverse.

D.UniversalTestConfirmsGravity'sStayingPower.D

Doyouhaveacertainsongthathelpsyouweatheryourlife'sstorms？Whoselyricsinspireyourfeelings，orwhosebeatshakesyououtofyourthought？Doyoulistentomusictoreflectyourmood？Ormaybeeventochangeyourmood？

Thinkbacktothosetoughdaysin2020pandemiccrisis.Eachevening，folksinItaly，CanadaandtheUSwouldopentheirwindowsandsingtogether.Andpeopleinothercountriesalsofoundwaystosharemusic—includingpeoplesingingtogethervirtuallyonline.Theircollectivemusic-makingwasaremarkabletestamenttothehumandriveforsurvival.Itwasalsoapowerfulreminderthatourindividualsurvivalislinkedtothesolidaritywefindinoursharedhumanity.Openlyparticipatingtogetherinexpressingthehopethatkeepsusgoingfeelsnaturalinthemidstofascarysituationaffectingeveryone.

Researchsuggeststhatsingingtogetherdevelopsbothindividualhealthandsocialbondsamongthosewhojoinin.Putsimply，theendorphins（内啡肽）itreleasesinourbrainsmakeusfeelgood.Theyalsoincreaseourabilitytostandpain—includingemotionalpain.

Listeningtomusichasbeenfoundtoreducestressandanxietyevenincriticallyillhospitalpatients.Onestudyfoundthatevenfront-linenurses—aprofessionalreadyhighinstressandhigherthanever—canreducetheirstressbytakingabreakandlisteningtosoothingmusic.Inthestudy，onegroupofnurseslistenedtosoothingmusicoftheirchoicefor30minuteswhiletheothergroupsimplyrestedquietlyinachairfor30minutes.Researchersfoundafterthe30-minuterestthenurseswholistenedtomusichadlowerlevelsofcortisol（皮质醇），thestresshormone（荷尔蒙），thanthosewhohadsimplyrested.

Recentresearchdemonstratesthataddingmusictostandardtherapeutictoolsmadeadifferenceforpeoplewithdepressionandanxietycomparedwiththerapywithoutmusic.12.Whatfunctiondothequestionsserveinparagraph1？______A.Tolistpopularsongsforstorms.

B.Tosharepersonalmusicpreferences.

C.Toconnectwithreadersemotionally.

D.Totestreaders'knowledgeaboutmusic.13.Whatdoesparagraph2implyaboutcollectivemusic-making？______A.Musicisauniversallanguage.

B.Humansurvivalreliesonsharedunity.

C.Itreplacedpublicmedicaltreatment.

D.Musiciansplayasignificantroleincrisis.14.Whatmayaccountforthefindingofthestudyonnurses？______A.Calmingmusicreducesstresshormonelevels.

B.Endorphinspreventstheemotionalcontrol.

C.Restingaloneeffectivelyimprovesmood.

D.Quietresthelpsmaintaincortisollevel.15.What'sthemainideaofthepassage？______A.Nursesbenefitfrommusiccareandtreatment.

B.Peopleprefertosingtogethervirtuallyonline.

C.Differentgroupsshowvariedreactionstomusic.

D.Musicstrengthenspeople'shealthandconnection.二、阅读七选五：本大题共5小题，共12.5分。Creative

Ways

to

Celebrate

Cultural

Diversity

Intoday'smulticulturalsociety，cooperationisimportant.

(16)

Hereareafewwaystogetstarted.

Agreatfirststepistobringcultureintoallsubjects.Culturedoesn'tjustbelonginsocialstudies.Itshouldshowupinthelittlemoments—inallsubjects，allyearlong.

(17)

Teacherscangivestudentsopportunitiestowriteaboutafamilytradition，acelebration，orarecipethatmatterstothem.Lettheminterviewsomeoneathome.Thisishowtheylearnthattheirvoicesandthevoicesofotherstrulymatter.Whenculturaldiversitybecomespartofeverydayteaching，studentstrulyvalueit.

(18)

Oneprovenstrategyiscooperativelearning.Thisapproachgroupsstudentsbyacademicperformance，race，gender，andlanguageproficiency.Theyworkinsmallteamstocompletesharedtasks.Studiesshowthatcooperativelearninghelpschildrenbecomemoreacceptingofdifferences.Thepositiveeffectsareespeciallyclearforstudentsfromculturallydiversebackgrounds.

(19)

Anotherpowerfultoolisroleplay.Role-playingletschildrenstepintoanother'sworld，tradingplaceswithaclassmateorabookcharactertolearnaboutadifferentculture.Itpushesthemtoexaminetheirownbeliefswhilegaininginsightintoothers'experiences.Theydiscoverthatdifferentculturescarrydifferentvaluesandbehaviors.Throughthis，studentsfeelwhatitisliketowalkinsomeoneelse'sshoes.Tomakeitmeaningful，theyshouldresearchandprepareaheadoftime.

(20)

Donethoughtfully，thisisanexperiencestudentswillcarrywiththemforever.

A.Writingisaperfectplacetobegin.

B.Personally，schoolsplayanimportantroleinthiseffort.

C.Socialinteractionbuildsfriendshipsacrosslinesofdifference.

D.Beyondthesubjects，howstudentslearntogetheralsomatters.

E.Teacherscandecorateclassroomswithflagsfromaroundtheworld

F.Studentsalsolearntospeakasecondlanguagethroughsuchactivities.

G.Theirperformanceshouldclearlyreflecttheculturetheyareillustrating.16.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G17.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G18.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G19.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G20.A.A B.B C.C D.D E.E F.F G.G三、完形填空：本大题共15小题，共30分。Most

ten-year-olds

don't

have

the

patience

to

sort

through

star

images

for

thousands

of

hours.But

Kathryn

Aurora

Gray

was

different.She

was

on

a

(21)

：She

wanted

to

become

the

youngest

person

to

discover

a

supernova

（超新星）.

(22)

，Kathryn's

work

didn't

take

thousands

of

hours

—

she

discovered

an

exploded

star

about

fifteen

minutes

after

starting

her

(23)

as

an

amateur

astronomer.After

looking

through

four

of

the

52

pictures

(24)

by

family

friend

and

astronomer

David

Lane，she

saw

it.The

images

that

Kathryn

(25)

to

find

the

supernova

were

taken

by

Lane

on

New

Year's

Eve

at

his

"backyard

astronomical

observatory"

in

Nova

Scotia，Canada.

On

January

2nd，Kathryn

and

her

father

sat

down

to

(26)

Lane's

images

using

a

computer

program

that

overlays

pictures

of

the

sky

from

(27)

dates.If

one

of

the

stars

in

the

frame

(28)

dramatically，it

appears

to

"blink"

when

switching

back

and

forth

between

the

pictures.After

(29)

previously

discovered

supernovas

in

the

area，the

Grays

and

Lane

reported

the

find

to

the

Royal

Astronomical

Society

of

Canada.It

was

finally

(30)

by

the

International

Astronomical

Union.The

adults

are

all

(31)

by

Kathryn's

discovery.

"What

a（n）

(32)

discovery.It's

fantastic

that

someone

so

young

would

have

strong

love

and

(33)

for

astronomy.We're

all

very

excited，"

said

Deborah

Thompson

of

RASC.

Kathryn

was

fortunate

to

have

such

outstanding

(34)

：This

was

her

father's

seventh

supernova

discovery

and

Lane's

third.Her

father

(35)

his

first

supernova

at

age

22

—

at

the

time

he

was

the

youngest

person

to

discover

one.21.A.track B.stage C.mission D.performance22.A.Luckily B.Familiarly C.Definitely D.Gratefully23.A.search B.career C.position D.procedure24.A.ignored B.awarded C.charged D.provided25.A.studied B.created C.maintained D.promoted26.A.judge B.select C.analyze D.seek27.A.precious B.various C.ordinary D.typical28.A.gathers B.fades C.rises D.brightens29.A.rulingout B.figuringout C.carryingon D.reflectingon30.A.observed B.responded C.confirmed D.assumed31.A.puzzled B.thrilled C.frightened D.encouraged32.A.particular B.sufficient C.gradual D.amazing33.A.desire B.energy C.fame D.relief34.A.clerks B.partners C.guides D.fans35.A.named B.spotted C.claimed D.pursued四、语法填空：本大题共1小题，共15分。36.阅读下面材料，在空白处填入适当的内容（1个单词）或括号内单词的正确形式，

Just

before

my

plane

landed，the

beautiful

landscape

of

Ireland

revealed

itself.Impossibly

green

fields

（1）

（dot）

with

sheep

and

cattle

unfolded

before

us.As

I

stepped

out，

（2）

sweet

scent

of

thick

grass

filled

my

lungs.In

that

single

breath，I

felt

what

Margaret

meant

by

（3）

（belong）.Driving

through

Clare，Galway，and

Sligo，I

（4）

（eventual）

understood

the

poetry

this

land

had

always

inspired.On

a

quiet

mountain

morning，rolling

green

hills

stretched

endlessly

as

the

sun

warmed

my

skin

（5）

the

scent

of

wildflowers

drifted

on

the

breeze.Down

the

coast，ocean

waves

crashed

against

ancient

cliffs

while

seabirds

cried

overhead.I

thought

of

Marie，who

had

driven

this

very

route

（6）

（keep）

her

mother's

memory

alive.

History

breathed

everywhere

—

from

Dublin

to

tiny

Benburb

in

Country

Tyrone.Like

Brett，I

（7）

（strike）

by

how

deeply

the

Irish

preserved

their

past.Every

castle

ruin，from

（8）

a

story

could

be

told，stood

as

a

silent

witness.One

afternoon，I

went

horseback

riding

along

a

beach

near

Cliften.Cows

wandered

across

the

sand

and

even

waded

into

the

shallows.I

stopped，breathed

in

deeply，and

whispered

to

myself：

"I

（9）

（live）

the

dream

truly."

I

knew

that

the

exact

moment

would

stay

with

me

forever.

Evening

found

me

in

a

village

pub，where

a

fiddle

（小提琴）

began

to

play

and

feet

tapped

on

the

stone

floor.A

friendly

stranger

raised

his

glass.

"Slaint，

"

he

said.I

raised

mine

（10）

return.That

night，lying

in

bed，my

heart

did

exactly

what

Margaret

had

promised.It

sang.五、书面表达：本大题共1小题，共25分。37.假定你是李华。你的英国笔友Chris来信询问学校英语戏剧社将举办的主题为"FromPagetoStage"的英语剧小组展演活动准备情况，请你用英语回复邮件，内容包括：

1.具体选择；

2.说明理由。

注意：

1.写作词数应为120个左右；

2.请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。

_________

答案和解析1~3.【答案】B、D、D【解析】这是一篇应用文，介绍了美国人每年巨额礼品开销，通过两张表格对比2023至2025年各节日消费数据，分析实体、数字、体验三类礼品的不同发展走向，介绍美国送礼消费趋势变化。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。

1.

（1）细节理解题。根据Table1数据Mother's

Day＄35.7

B

total

（record），＄33.5

B

total，

＄34.1

B

total（母亲节消费总额：357亿美元（创历史新高）、335亿美元、341亿美元）可知，母亲节整体消费最高，规模远超其他单项节日。故选B。

2.

（2）细节理解题。根据第四段Whiletraditionalphysicalitemsremainthebackboneofthegifteconomy，digitaloptionsandexperience-basedgiftsarebecomingincreasinglypopular.（传统实体商品仍是礼品消费主力，但数字礼品与体验类礼品正变得越来越受欢迎。）以及Table2里GiftCards&Digital趋势为Growing、ExperienceGifts标注Fastestgrowth可知，数字礼品和体验类礼品人气持续上升。故选D。

3.

（3）推理判断题。根据第一段Americans

spend

hundreds

of

billions

of

dollars

on

gifts

each

year，across

holidays

and

personal

occasions.The

average

American

spends

roughly

＄1，638

per

person

each

year

on

gifts

for

others，according

to

.（美国人每年会在各类节日和个人场合花费数千亿美元购买礼物。根据礼品行业网站的数据，普通美国人平均每人每年会在礼物上消费约1638美元。）以及全文可知，文章目的是展示美国礼品消费金额变化与送礼方式的转变趋势。故选D。4~7.【答案】B、C、D、C【解析】（1）细节理解题。根据第二段Today，lecturesonBao'slifeandvaluesareheldregularlyatHefei'sBaoGongPark，educatingcivilservantsontheimportanceofjusticeandcleangovernance.（如今，合肥包公祠会定期举办讲座，讲述包拯的生平与品格，教育公职人员坚守公正、廉洁从政。）可知，讲座用来教育公职人员坚守公正与廉洁。故选B。

（2）细节理解题。根据第三段Accordingtohistoricalrecords，beforeBao'stimeinoffice，ordinarypeoplecouldnotstartlegalactionagainstthegovernment.AfterassumingofficeinBianjing（present-dayKaifeng），heintroducedakeyreform（改革）thatallowedindividualstopresentcaseinformationdirectly.（据史料记载，在包拯任职之前，普通百姓不能状告官府。他在汴京（今开封）上任后推行了一项重要改革：准许百姓直接递交诉状。）可知，关于包拯的法制改革，我们可以得知它允许百姓个人提起诉讼。故选C。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Heexplainedthatifhisdescendantsfailedtopasstheimperialexaminationsandbecomeofficials，theycouldmakealivingbyraisingfishandgrowinglotusrootsinthewater—ratherthanabusingpower.（他解释道，如果子孙后代科举落第、无法入仕为官，尚可依靠养鱼、种藕谋生度日，而非依仗权势作威作福。）可知，他收下护城河，是为了让子孙后代能自食其力。故选D。

（4）推理判断题。根据第四段Heexplainedthatifhisdescendantsfailedtopasstheimperialexaminationsandbecomeofficials，theycouldmakealivingbyraisingfishandgrowinglotusrootsinthewater—ratherthanabusingpower.（他解释道，如果子孙后代科举落第、无法入仕为官，尚可依靠养鱼、种藕谋生度日，而非依仗权势作威作福。）和第二段BorninHefei，AnhuiProvince，Baoisrememberedforhiswisdomintakingchargeofcriminalcases，hisfearlessadvicetotheemperor，andhisdeephatredofwrongdoing.（他断案足智多谋，敢于直言劝谏君主，嫉恶如仇，这些事迹一直被后人铭记。）可知，他坚守原则并且有远见。故选C。

本文介绍了中国历史上以公正廉洁、依法治国闻名的包拯的生平事迹。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。8~11.【答案】A、C、A、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。由第二段中的whatifgravitybehavesdifferentlyacrossthelargestdistancesintheuniverse？（倘若引力在宇宙最遥远的尺度下表现出不一样的特性，将会如何？）可知，研究核心目的是在宇宙尺度下检验引力规律。故选A。

（2）推理判断题。由第四段中的Theirresults，publishedinPhysicalReviewLetters，showthatgravitationalstrengthdecreaseswithincreasingdistanceinlinewiththepredictionsmadebyNewton，whichwerelaterabsorbedintoEinstein'sgeneraltheoryofrelativity."ItisremarkablethatthelawproposedbyNewtoninthe17thcenturyisstillholdingitsgroundinthe21st，"saysGallardo.（该团队发表在《物理评论快报》上的研究结果表明：引力强度会随着距离的增加而减弱，这与牛顿的预言完全一致，而牛顿的理论后来也被纳入了爱因斯坦的广义相对论。加利亚多说道："牛顿在17世纪提出的定律，到了21世纪依然站得住脚，这实在令人惊叹。"）可知，实验证实牛顿引力定律在极远距离下依然成立。故选C。

（3）词句猜测题。由上文WhenNewtonfirstdescribedtheinversesquarerelationship，hefocusedonmotionswithinourSolarSystem.Today，thatsameprinciplehasbeentestedacrossdistancesandmasses（牛顿最初提出平方反比定律时，研究对象仅限于太阳系内天体的运动。而如今，这同一套原理已经在超大距离与超大质量范围内接受了检验），可知，这样的尺度在牛顿所处的年代是根本无法想象的。由此可知，inconceivable意为"无法想象的，难以置信的"。A.Unbelievable难以想象的；B.Significant意义重大的；C.Inspiring鼓舞人心的；D.Fascinating极具吸引力的。故选A。

（4）标题判断题。文章围绕一场宇宙尺度的引力测试展开，最终证实经典引力定律依然有效。由此可知，D.UniversalTestConfirmsGravity'sStayingPower.（宇宙级试验证实引力定律经久不衰。）作为题目最合适。故选D。

这是一篇说明文，文章围绕一场宇宙尺度的引力测试展开，最终证实经典引力定律依然有效。

阅读理解解题步骤：首先对原文材料迅速浏览，掌握全文的主旨大意，因为阅读理解题一般没有标题，所以，速读全文，抓住中心主旨很有必要，在速读的过程中，应尽可能多地捕获信息材料；其次细读题材，各个击破，掌握全文的大意之后，细细阅读每篇材料后的问题，弄清每题要求后，带着问题，再回到原文中去寻找、捕获有关信息，要善于抓住每段的主题句，阅读时，要有较强的针对性，对于捕获到的信息，要做认真分析，仔细推敲，理解透彻，只有这样，针对题目要求，才能做到稳、准。12~15.【答案】C、B、A、D【解析】（1）推理判断题。根据第一段Doyouhaveacertainsongthathelpsyouweatheryourlife'sstorms？Whoselyricsinspireyourfeelings，orwhosebeatshakesyououtofyourthought？Doyoulistentomusictoreflectyourmood？Ormaybeeventochangeyourmood？（你是否有一首能帮你渡过人生难关的歌？哪段歌词触动你的内心，或是哪个节拍让你走出思绪？你会听歌抒发情绪吗？甚至是靠音乐调整心情吗？）可知，作者以一连串贴近每个人生活的设问，拉近与读者距离，从情感上引发读者共鸣，起到情感联结的作用。故选C。

（2）推理判断题。根据第二段Itwasalsoapowerfulreminderthatourindividualsurvivalislinkedtothesolidaritywefindinoursharedhumanity.（这也有力地提醒我们，个人的生存离不开人类共通情感中凝聚的团结力量。）可知，集体歌唱这件事暗含一层含义：人类的生存依靠彼此共享的团结。故选B。

（3）细节理解题。根据第四段Researchersfoundafterthe30-minuterestthenurseswholistenedtomusichadlowerlevelsofcortisol（皮质醇），thestresshormone（荷尔蒙），thanthosewhohadsimplyrested.（研究人员发现，休息三十分钟后，听舒缓音乐的护士体内皮质醇（压力荷尔蒙）水平低于单纯静坐休息的护士。）可知，舒缓音乐能够降低压力荷尔蒙水平，这是该与护士相关研究结果产生的原因。故选A。

（4）主旨大意题。根据第三段Researchsuggeststhatsingingtogetherdevelopsbothindividualhealthandsocialbondsamongthosewhojoinin.（研究表明，一同歌唱既能改善个人健康，也能加深参与者之间的社交联结）以及最后一段Recentresearchdemonstratesthataddingmusictostandardtherapeutictoolsmadeadifferenceforpeoplewithdepressionandanxietycomparedwiththerapywithoutmusic.（最新研究表明：相较于不搭配音乐的常规心理治疗，在标准治疗手段中加入音乐，能够有效改善抑郁症与焦虑症患者的状态。）可知，全文围绕两大核心：音乐有益于人体身心健康，同时拉近人与人之间的情感联结。故选D。

本文是一篇说明文。文章以音乐与情绪的设问开篇，借疫情期间集体歌唱的事例，结合多项研究说明音乐可舒缓压力、改善身心健康，还能增强人与人之间的情感联结。

做这类题材阅读理解时要求考生对文章通读一遍，做题时结合原文和题目有针对性的找出相关语句进行仔细分析，结合选项选出正确答案。16~20.【答案】B、A、D、C、G【解析】（1）语境衔接题。由上文Intoday'smulticulturalsociety，cooperationisimportant.（在当今多元文化社会中，协作十分重要。）以及下文Hereareafewwaystogetstarted.（下面有几种可行的实施方法。）和全文内容可知，全文围绕校园开展多元文化教育展开，空格引出学校的关键作用。B项"在我看来，学校在这项工作中发挥着重要作用。"符合语境，承上启下。故选B。

（2）联系下文题。由下文Teacherscangivestudentsopportunitiestowriteaboutafamilytradition，acelebration，orarecipethatmatterstothem.（老师可以给学生机会去动笔书写对自己意义重大的家族传统、节日或是食谱。）可知，此处以写作活动为例，空格点明写作是很好的切入点。A项"写作是绝佳的起步方式。"符合语境，总领下文写作相关内容，有承下作用。故选A。

（3）语境衔接题。由上段主题"将文化融入各科教学"以及本段后文Oneprovenstrategyiscooperativelearning.（经过验证的有效方法之一是合作式学习。）可知，本段切换角度，除学科之外，学生共同学习的方式也很关键。D项"除了学科内容之外，学生共同学习的方式也十分重要。"符合语境，承上启下，引出合作学习。故选D。

（4）联系上文题。由上文Studiesshowthatcooperativelearninghelpschildrenbecomemoreacceptingofdifferences.Thepositiveeffectsareespeciallyclearforstudentsfromculturallydiversebackgrounds.（研究表明合作学习能让孩子更接纳差异，对多元文化背景学生积极效果尤为显著。）可知，空格补充合作学习带来的社交层面好处。C项"社交互动能跨越差异，建立友谊。"符合语境。故选C。

（5）语境衔接题。由上文Tomakeitmeaningful，theyshouldresearchandprepareaheadoftime.（想要角色扮演有意义，学生应该提前调研、做好准备。）以及下文Donethoughtfully，thisisanexperiencestudentswillcarrywiththemforever.（用心完成的话，这段经历会让学生铭记一生。）可知，空格说明准备后的表演要求。G项"他们的表演要清晰展现所要诠释的文化。"符合语境，有承上启下作用。故选G。

本文介绍学校宣扬文化多样性的三种创意方式：把文化融入各科写作、开展合作学习、组织角色扮演，帮助学生理解并包容不同文化。

七选五阅读是完成性阅读，和完形填空很类似，不同的是一个选词，一个选句子。解题时，要注意上下文语境，充分考虑信息词（选项中和空格前后句子中相同或相近的词），选出最符合语境的句子。21~35.【答案】C、A、A、D、A、C、B、D、A、C、B、D、A、C、B【解析】这是一篇记叙文，主要讲述了十岁女孩凯瑟琳立志发现超新星，凭借努力成功达成目标，刷新最小发现者纪录的故事。

做完形填空首先要通读全文，了解大意。一篇完形填空的文章有许多空格，所以，必须先通读一至两遍，才能大概了解文章的内容。千万不要看一句，做一句。其次要逐句分析，前后一致。选择答案时，要考虑整个句子的内容，包括搭配、时态、语法等。答案全部填完后，再通读一遍文章，检查是否通顺流畅了，用词得当，意思正确。

1.

（1）考查名词及语境理解。A.track轨道；B.stage舞台，阶段；C.mission使命，任务；D.performance表现，表演。句意：她肩负一项使命：她想成为发现超新星的最年轻的人。根据后文"She

wanted

to

become

the

youngest

person

to

discover

a

supernova

（超新星）."可知，这是她的专属任务与目标。故选C。

2.

（2）考查副词及语境理解。A.Luckily幸运地；B.Familiarly熟悉地；C.Definitely肯定地；D.Gratefully感激地。句意：幸运的是，凯瑟琳的工作并没有耗费数千小时，凯瑟琳的研究并没有耗费数千小时——她以一名业余天文学家的身份开始搜寻工作大约十五分钟后，就发现了一颗爆炸恒星。对比上文"Mostten-year-oldsdon'thavethepaticncetosortthroughstarimagesforthousandsofhours."多数孩子无法长时间观测星图，而她耗时极短就有发现可知，这是一件幸运的事。故选A。

3.

（3）考查名词及语境理解。A.search搜寻，探查；B.career职业；C.position位置；D.procedure程序。句意：幸运的是，凯瑟琳的工作并没有耗费数千小时，凯瑟琳的研究并没有耗费数千小时——她以一名业余天文学家的身份开始搜寻工作大约十五分钟后，就发现了一颗爆炸恒星。根据下文"Afterlookingthroughfourofthe52pictures"可知，她是在搜寻超新星。故选A。

4.

（4）考查动词及语境理解。A.ignored忽视；B.awarded奖励；C.charged收费，指控；D.provided提供。句意：在查看亲友兼天文学家戴维•莱恩提供的52张照片中的四张后，她发现了这颗超新星。根据下文"byfamilyfriendandastronomerDavidLane"推测，这些星空照片是莱恩提供给她研究的。故选D。

5.

（5）考查动词及语境理解。A.studied研究，研读；B.created创造；C.maintained维持；D.promoted提升。句意：凯瑟琳用来寻找超新星的这些图像是莱恩在加拿大新斯科舍省自家的后院天文观测站于新年前夜拍摄的。根据上文"Afterlookingthroughfourofthe52pictures"推测，凯瑟琳通过研究、分析以发现超新星的素材。故选A。

6.

（6）考查动词及语境理解。A.judge评判；B.select挑选；C.analyze分析；D.seek寻找。句意：1月2日，凯瑟琳和父亲坐下来借助电脑程序分析莱恩的照片，这个程序可以叠加不同日期的星空图片。根据下文"Lane'simagesusingacomputerprogram"推测，她和父亲用电脑程序分析Lane的图像。故选C。

7.

（7）考查形容词及语境理解。A.precious珍贵的；B.various不同的，各种各样的；C.ordinary普通的；D.typical典型的。句意：1月2日，凯瑟琳和父亲坐下来借助电脑程序分析莱恩的照片，这个程序可以叠加不同日期的星空图片。结合"dates"和天文常识可知，通过比对不同日期的星空照片，才能发现星体的变化。故选B。

8.

（8）考查动词及语境理解。A.gathers聚集；B.fades褪色；C.rises上升；D.brightens变亮。句意：如果画面中的某颗恒星亮度大幅增强，切换图片时它就会出现"闪烁"效果。根据下文"itappearsto"blink"whenswitchingbackandforthbetweenthepictures"可知，超新星爆发会让星体亮度激增，亮度变化会产生闪烁效果。故选D。

9.

（9）考查动词短语及语境理解。A.rulingout排除；B.figuringout弄明白；C.carryingon继续；D.reflectingon反思。句意：在排除了该区域此前已发现的超新星后，格雷一家和莱恩向加拿大皇家天文学会上报了这一发现。结合下文"previouslydiscoveredsupernovasinthearea"和常识可知，科研发现需先排除已知成果，确保发现的是新星体。故选A。

10.

（10）考查动词及语境理解。A.observed观察；B.responded回应；C.confirmed证实，确认；D.assumed假定。句意：这一发现最终得到了国际天文学联合会的证实。根据下文"bytheInternationalAstronomicalUnion"和常识可知，新的天文发现需要权威机构核实确认。故选C。

11.

（11）考查形容词及语境理解。A.puzzled困惑的；B.thrilled激动的，振奋的；C.frightened害怕的；D.encouraged受鼓舞的。句意：所有成年人都为凯瑟琳的发现感到振奋。根据上文"the

Grays

and

Lane

reported

the

find

to

the

Royal

Astronomical

Society

of

Canada."可知，年幼的孩子成功发现超新星，让成年人倍感惊喜振奋。故选B。

12.

（12）考查形容词及语境理解。A.particular特别的；B.sufficient充足的；C.gradual逐渐的；D.amazing惊人的。句意：这是一项惊人的发现。根据下文"We'reallveryexcited"推测，十岁女孩快速发现超新星，是十分惊人的。故选D。

13.

（13）考查名词及语境理解。A.desire渴望，热忱；B.energy精力；C.fame名声；D.relief宽慰。句意：如此年幼的孩子能对天文学抱有浓厚的热爱和渴望，实在令人赞叹。and连接并列名词，与"stronglove"呼应，desire符合语境。故选A。

1