北京市昌平区2024-2025学年高一年级下册期末考试英语试题

北京市昌平区2024-2025学年高一下学期期末英语试题

第一部分：知识运用（共两节，3。分）

第一节：完形填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

TuanPhamwasfeelingprettygoodabouthimselfasheapproachedthe12-milemarkoftheLongBeachHalf

Marathon（马拉松）.The1onOct.15,2023,wasthe47-year-old,sseventhsuchevent,andhecouldn'twaitto

celebrateatthefinishlinewithhisteenageson,whohadracedahead.Phamtookanothersteportwo,andthatwas

thelastthinghe2Hehadnoideahowhefellface-firsttotheground,wherehe3withoutmovingas

runnersskirtedhim.Hehadnoheartbeat,norwashebreathing.

JustasPham4theground,RyanChiu,asurgeon（外科医生）fromLongBeachMedicalCenter,was

leavingarestaurantafewfeetawayDr.Chiu5recognizedwhatwashappening.HerantoPham'ssideand

beganchestcompressions（胸部按压）.Heenlisted（hehelpofabystander,whotookoveroncompressionswhileDr.

Cliiu611isliospilalandluldllicmlupicpaicanupcialingluoinandgalliciasurgicalIciim.Minulcslalci,an

ambulancearrived.DoctorsliftedupPhamand7himtothehospital,withDr.Chiufollowinginhisowncar.

ThesurgerythatDr.Chiuperformedwasa8andPhamisaliveandwell—wellenoughtoreturntothe

routeoftheLongBeachHalfMarathonandpickupwherehe9

Phamlikelywouldn'thavehadthat10iffortunehadn'tsteppedin.IfChiuhadlefttherestaurant

early,hewouldneverhaveseenPhamfalling.4ican'tbelievethefirstguytoseemefall,toshowupandgiveme

help,wasasurgeon,“Phamtoldthereporter.、、HowluckyIam^^^

1.A.runB.walkC.jumpD.climb

2.A.expectedB.wantedC.rememberedD.tried

3.A.satB.stoodC.stoppedD.lay

4.A.hitB.foundC.coveredD.left

5.A.immediatelyB.graduallyC.especiallyD.naturally

6.A.searchedB.calledC.paidD.showed

7.A.allowedB.spedC.forcedD.invited

8.A.warningB.rewardC.successD.preparation

9.A.movedonB.backedupC.calmeddownD.leftoff

10.A.connectionB.opportunityC.challengeD.accident

第二节:语法填空（共10小题;每小题1.5分，共15分）

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处

用括号所给词的正确形式填空。

HalimatuisayoungvolunteerworkinginavillageinSieiTaLeone.Whileshewasdoingdoor-to-doorvisits,

andencouragingcommunitiestopracticehandwashing,people11(say)thattheydidn'thaverunningwater

andcouldn'taffordsoap.12(disappoint)bywhattheytoldher,Halimatudecidedtolearnhowtomakea

tippy-tap,ahands-freewaytowashyourhandsandissuitedforvillages.Halimatu13(help)more

communitiessincethen.

B

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处

用括号所给词的正确形式填空。

OiBaishi(1864-1957)isoneofthemostwell-knownChinesepainters14theplayfulstyleofhis

watercolorworks.Inhispainting“MouseandCatwithaLamp(灯)“，amouseisstandingonthetopofalongpole

15alampishung.Underthepoleisacat.Despitetheimage'ssimplecomposition,themovingandstill

pansareboththere,16(create)astrikingsituation.Theimagesofmouseandcatareverydifferentfrom

eachother,17causesaheartylaugh.

C

阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处

用括号所给词的正确形式填空。

Active18(learner)donotaccepteverythingtheylearn.Theyattempttofindthetruthattheheartof

eachidea.Evenwhenanideasounds19(entire)unlikely,theremaybeanaspectofitthatisbasedontruth.

Soifsomeonesays(hatdinosaursstillexisttoday,thinkabout20(heybelieve(his.Ifyou:rytofindout

ihesourceofanidea,nomatterhowcrazyitseems,youwillincreaseyourchanceoflearningsomething.

第二部分：阅读理解(共两节，38分)

第一节(共14小题;每小题2分，共28分)

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A

FIRST(ForInspirationandRecognitionofScienceandTechnology)isaglobalnonprofitorganizationthat

preparesyoungpeoplefor(hefuturethroughteam-basedroboticsprogramsforages4-18.FIRSThoststhousandsof

eventsaroundtheglobeannually.Theseeventsaremadepossiblethroughthesupportofeventvolunteerswhowork

alongwithotherswhoreallylikethetaskofFIRSTtorunseasonaleventsatthelocal,regional,andeveninternational

levels.

Eventvolunteerscanbe:

•FIRSTgraduates

•Non-profitorganizationstaffsupportingorparticipatinginroboticsprograms

•Parentsofroboticsprogramstudents

•Tcachcrs/Profcssorsteachingororganizingscienceprojects

•Expertsinrelatedfields(e.g.,engineers,programmers)

•EmployeesofTechcompanies

•Undergraduatesandteachersincolleges

Asaneventvolunteeryouwill:

•Becomeresponsiblemembersoftheglobalcommunitywhorecognizethatyourcollectiveskillscancreate

meaningfulchangesinsomeone'slife,inthecommunity,andevenintheworld.

•Joinacommunityoflike-mindedindividualsthatsupportFIRSTprograms.

•ReceivegeneralFIRSTtrainingandtrainingforyourvolunteerrole.

•Gainvaluableskillsincertainfieldsthatmaybegoodfbryourfuturejobs.

•Haveachancetogettrainingrecordsofvolunteerism.

Nomatterwhatlevelyouwanttobeinvolvedin,thereisaroleforyou,fromsafetyworkerstojudges,andhosts

toofficials.Somerolesrequirealittletimewithquickpreparationsontheday.Otherrolesrequirepre-eventtraining

andlongerparticipationoneventdays.Technicalandnon-technicaleventvolunteerrolesarereadytosupportFIRST

programs.

Howtosignup:

FirstyoushouldcreateanaccountintheFIRSTwebsite:sign-jpisinthetoprightcornerof(hispageorby

clickingthe“StartVolunteerRegistration"buttonbelow.ThenclicktheVolunteerRegistrationtab&choose

“VolunteeratanEvent”.Youcansearcheventsbylocationandchooseuptofiveroles.

Youmustenteryoure-mail:Thisemailwillbeusedtoreceivetheresultandgetyourpasswordifyouforgetit.

Beforereceivinganemailtocheckyourvolunteerrole,youshouldfillinayouthprotectionbackgroundsurvey.

21.WhoislikelytobecomeaFIRSTeventvolunteer?

A.FIRSTparticipants.B.Scienceteachers.

C.Governmentstaff.D.Expertsinbusiness.

22.WhatwillFIRSTeventvolunteersreceivefromtheirwork?

A.Certainjoboffersinrelatedfields.B.Smallgiftsfortheirtimeandeffort.

C.Basictrainingandrole-specificpreparation.D.Chancestomeetindividualsofvariousinterests.

23.Whatdoapplicantsneedtododuringthesign-up?

A.Completeabackgroundcheck.B.Checktheresultonthewebsite.

C.Createanewemailaccount.D.Searchforeventsbytime.

B

Inatech-drivcnworld.CaineMonroy,ayounginventivetalent,stoodoutwithhisimaginationandcleverness,

provingthatacardboardboxandacreamcanproducesomethingextraordinary.

Itbeganin2011whennine-year-oldCainespenthissummervacationathisfather'scarpartsstoreinEastLos

Angeles.Wilhfewfriendstoplaywithhefoundjoyinmakingacardboardgameroomwithgameslikebasketball

goals,atoy-catchingmachine,andsoccer.Hiscreativitywasendless,andheranhisgameroomwithpassion,

charging$1fortwoturnsor$2foraFunPasswith500turns.

Despitehiscreativityandhardwork,atfirst,fewpeoplepayattentiontoCaine'sgameroom,duetoitslocation

withlittlefoottraffic.However,Cainebelievedthatonedayhe'dhavecustomers.Hisgameroomwastoogoodfor

peoplenottoenjoy.Hekeptworkingeveryday,building,improving,andmakingitbetter.Thenadocumentary

filmmaker,NirvanMullick,discoveredthegameroomandwasimpressedbyCaine'sdeterminatior,leadingtoa

shortfilmabouthim.Thedocumentary“Caine'sgameroom”becamepopularonsocialmedia,reachingalloverthe

worldandinspiringmanytovalueimaginationandcreativity.

Thedocumentarybecamepopular,andsuddenly,Caine'sgameroombecameawidelybigsuccess.Hundreds

ofpeoplelinedupatthecarpailsstore,eagertoexperiencethewonderofthecardboardgameroom.Thesmall,one-

dollargamesthatoncesatunnoticedandoverlookednowattractedattentionfromallcornersoftheglebe.Ithasalso

becomeaninspirationforteacherswhousetheconceptforSTEAMlessonsandsummerprojects.

Caine'spopularityasaspeakercomesfromhisremarkableexperience,wilhsixForbesfeaturesandover

250,000mediaimpressionsworldwide.HehasgiventwoTedXTalksandispreparingforathird.Hisspeaking

activitieshavetakenhimtofamouseventsliketheCannesLionsFestivalandlocationsincludingNewYork.San

Francisco,USC,andtheWhiteHouse,allbeforehis18thbirthday.

Currently,Caineisstudyingatcollegeandwritinghisfirstshowbook.Heremainsapopularspeakerandisa

rolemodelformanyyoungindividuals,inspiringthemtowelcometheircreativity.

24.Cainebuilt(hegameroomdueto.

A.hisshortageoffriendsB.hispopularity

C.hisendlessideasD.hisexpectations

25.HowdidCainefeelwhennocustomerscametohisgameroom?

A.Upset.B.Angry.

C.Hopeful.D.Surprised.

26.HowdidCainegainglobalattention?

A.Thelowpriceofhisgameroommadehimfamous.

B.Customersintroducedhisgameroomtomorepeople.

C.Adocumentaryofhisgameroomspreadwidelyonline.

D.STEAMlessonshecreatedwithteachersbecamepopular.

27.WhatcanwelearnfromCaine'sstory?

A.Dreambigandstartsmall.

B.Fortunefavorsthebraveperson.

C.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.

D.Creativityinviteslucktoknock.

C

Extremeweatherevents,suchastornadoes,cancausewidespreaddamagetoforests,leadingtoenvironmental

andfinanciallosses.Whentreesfallduringthesestorms,ecosystemsmightbeinfluenced,increasingforest

managementcosts.Asclimatechangeworsens,severestormsareexpectedtobecomemorefrequent,makingit

importanttounderstandhowforestsrespondtowindstress.

Whilepreviousstudieshaveexploredhowtreesreacttowind,itisunclearwhethertheseresponsesremainthe

sameacrossdifferentforestconfigurations.Withthisaim.ateamofresearchersledbyAssociateProfessorKana

Kamimura,testedhowtreesmoveundervariousforestarrangementsandweatherconditions,includinghowtrees

withstandwind.

Theresearchaimstoexplainhowwindsdirectlyimpacttreesandhowtreesreducethestressfromwindto

survive.Toachievethis,researcherssetuptwoexperimentalareasofcedartrees,inNovember2017.Inthefirstplot,

P-100wasmadeupof3,000treesperhectare,creatingathickforest.Inthesecondplot.P-50,halfofthetreeswere

rerriovedforthisresearch,leaving1,500treesperhectare.Overtwoyears,theteamwatched24treesinthedense

（密集的）areaand12inthethinnedarea,usingtoolstotracktherangeoftreesmovementduringvariouswind

conditions.Thetrackingperiodincludedmanytyphoons,suchasTyphoonTrami,in2018,whichcausedsignificant

damagetothethinnedplot.

Theresearchersfoundthatcedartreesshowtwocompletelydifferentswayingpatternsdependingonwindspeed.

Inlightwinds,thetreesswayedalaround2to2.3cyclespersecond,withtheirbranchestakinginmuchofthewind

energy,protectingthetrunksandrootsfromwindstress.Ilowcvcr,athigherwindspeeds,thetreeschangedtoa

slowerswayingpatternof0.2to().5cyclespersecond.In(hiscase,thewholetreeswayedtogether,changingforce

acrossthetrunkandroots,increasing(heprobabilityofbreakageoruprooting.

Interestingly,thechangebetweenthesetwoswayingpatternsoccurredatdifferentwindspeeds,dependingon

theforestdensity.Inthedensearea,thetreesswitchedpatternsatwindspeedsbetween1.79and7.44metersper

second.Incontrast,inthethinnedpbt,thechangeoccurredatslightlylowerwindspeeds,rangingfrom1.57to5.63

meterspersecond.

Thisstudyoffersvaluableunderstandingtorbalancingthinningwithwindresistanceinforestmanagementto

supportlong-laslingforestrypractices,andhelpforestsgothroughextremeclimatechanges.

28.Whatisthefirstparagraphmainlyabout?

A.Theresultsofthepreviousstudies.B.Thepracticalreasonsfortheresearch.

C.Thepotentialeffectsofextremev/eather.D.Thechallengesbroughtbyclimatechanges.

29.Whatdocstheunderlinedword“configurations”inParagraph2probablymean?

A.Areas.B.Sizes.C.Types.D.Layouts.

30.Whatcanweinferfromthestudyconductedbytheresearchers?

A.Thetreestend(oswaymoreviolentlyasthewindbecomesstronger.

B.Thebranchesoftrees(ookinmostof(hewindenergyinstrongwind.

C.Plantingtreesinathinnedpatterncanhelpprotecttreesfromstorms.

D.Treesinthinnedplotschangetheirswayingpatterninlighterwinds.

31.Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassage?

A.Tocallonpeopletoplantmoretreesinthinnedarea.

B.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofenvironmentprotection.

C.Toofferideasforamorereasonableforestmanagement.

D.Tocompare(hedifferentswayingpatternsoftreesinstorms.

D

Thisarticlewaswrittenbyahumanbeing,butAItechnologythatcanautomaticallycreatetextisontherisein

manyareas.Aspeopledependonsuchthings,ensuringcorrectandclearresponsesandinformationtotheirusers

becomesimportant.Manyfamiliartools,includingChatGPTandothers,appearveryfluentinwhatevertheydeliver,

buttheirresponsesoftenincludemade-upcontenttheyproduceandcannotbefullytrusted.Usersunfamiliarwith

(hetopicmaymistakenlyacceptincorrectinformation,especiallysinceAIpresenlsresponseswithconfidenttones.

“Youcan'tfailtonoticehowsomeAIsystemscanexplainclearlywhilestillproducingoftensignificanterrors,

ProfessorTakamitsuWatanabefromtheInternationalResearchCenterforNcurointclligcncc(WPI-IRCN)toldthe

reporter.ltButwhatstruckmyteamandmewasasimilaritybetweenthisbehaviorandthatofpeoplewithWernicke's

apliasia（失语症）,wheresuchpeoplespeakfluentlybutdon'talwaysmakemuchsense.Thatcausedustowonderif

thewaytheseAIsystemsworkcouldbesimilarto（hoseofthehumanbrainaffectedbyaphasia,andifso,whatthe

rerriindersmightbe.”

Toexplorethisidea,theteamusedamethodcalledenergylandscapeanalysis,atechniqueoriginallydeveloped

byphysicistsseekingtovisualize（视觉化）energystates,butwhichwasrecentlyadaptedforneuroscience.They

examinedpatternsinrestingbrainactivityfrompeoplewithdifferenttypesofaphasiaandcomparedthemtointernal

datafromseveralpubliclyavailablelargelanguagemodels（LLMs）.Andintheiranalysis,theteamdiddiscoversome

strikingsimilarities.ThewaydigitalinformationorsignalsaremovedaroundandguidedwithintheseAImodels

closelymatchedthewaysomebrainsignalsbehavedinthebrainsofpeoplewithcertaintypesofaphasia,including

Wernicke'saphasia.

“Youcanimaginetheenergylandscapeasasurfacewithaballonit.Whenthere'sacurve（有曲〕,theballmay

rolldownandconictorest,butwhenthecurvesarcshallow,theballmayrollaroundeverywhere,5'Watanabe

explained.4Unaphasia,theballrepresentstheperson'sbrainstate.InLLMs,itrepresentsthecontinuingsignalpattern

inthemodelbasedonitsinstructionsandinternaldataset.”

Theresearchhasseveralreminders.Forneuroscience,itoffersapossiblenewwaytogroupandtrackconditions

likeaphasiabasedoninternalbrainactivityratherthanjustvisiblesigns.ForAI,itcouldleadtobettertestingtools

thathelpengineersimprovethestructureofAIsystemsfromtheinsideout.Though,despitethesimilaritiesthe

researchersdiscovered,theystronglyadvisednottomaketoomanyassumptions.

32.ProfessorWatanabecomparesAIsystemswithaphasiapatientstoshow.

A.AIsystemscanexplainclearly

B.AIandaphasiabrainsarealike

C.itishardtoimproveAIsystem

D.aphasiabrainsareaffectedbyAI

33.WhatcanwelearnfromprofessorWatanabe'sresearch?

A.LLMshavecopiedhumanthinkingprocess.

B.Aphasiapatientscanbecuredforitsobvioussigns.

C.Languagesignalsareguidedtocertainareaofbrains.

D.Problemsoccurduringtheprocessofsignalmoving.

34.Whatwouldbethebesttideforthepassage?

A.AIOverconfidenceMirrorsHumanDrainCondition

B.AIStructureReflectsHowHumanBrainDevelops

C.AIImprovementFollowsHumanBrainResearch

D.AISystemReshapesHuman'sWayofSpeaking

第二节（共5小题;每小题2分，共10分）

根据短文内容，从短文后的七个选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。

Impostorsyndromeisthefeelingthatpeoplehavewhentheydoubttheirabilities,evenwhentheyhavebeen

successfulorhavereceivedpraise.Theyworrythatoneday,everyonewillrealizetheyarefaking（假冒）it.Itwasfirst

describedin1978,whenresearchersobservedi（insuccessfulbusinesswomen.However,itcanaffectpeopleofall

sexesandcareers.Studiesestimatethat82%ofpeopleexperienceitatsomepointintheirlives.35For

example,womenworkinginfieldswithmalemajoritiesorminoritystudentsoftensufferfromit.

Peoplewithimpostorsyndromehavesomesharedcharacteristics.36Whentheysucceed,they

frequentlycredittheirsuccesstoluckratherthantheirskills.Manyarcalsouncomfortablereceivingpraiseandoften

workharderthannecessarytoprovetheirworth.

Manyfactorscancontributetoimpostorsyndrome.37Childrenwithcontrollingoroverprotective

parentsoftendevelopthesefeelingslaterinlife.Starlingsomethingnew,likeajoborschoolprogram,canalsocause

impostorsyndromesincepeoplemaybeshortofexperienceintheirnewroles.

Thegoodnewsisthatpeoplecantakeseveralapproachestoovercomeit.Onemethodistotalkaboutyour

doubtswithothers.Sharingyourfeelingsreduceslonelinessandallowsotherstoremindyouofyourtrueabilities.

38Savepositivefeedbackfromothersandtrackyourachievementstoserveasreminderswheneverdoubt

arises.

39Focusonprogressratherthanexcellence.Whenyoumakemistakes,viewthemaschancestolearn

insteadofproofthatyouareafake.Joiningsupportgroupscanalsohelpyourealizethatyouarenotaloneinthe

fightagainstimpostorsyndrome.Rememberthatfeelinglikeanimpostordoesn'tmeanyouareone.Byusingthese

strategiestoovercomeimpostorsyndrome,youmaystopfeelinglikeafakeandtrulyenjoyyoursuccess.

A.Anotherusefulstrategyistostoptryingtobeperfect.

B.Self-awarenesscanturnimpostorsyndromeintoagrowthtool.

C.Researchsuggeststhatfamilyupbringingplaysanimportantrole.

D.Highachieversinseniorpositionsaremorelikelytoexperienceit.

E.Theytendtobeindividualswhoaim（obeperfectineverything（heydo.

F.Itisalsoimportanttocelebrateyoursuccessesinsteadofoverlookingthem.

G.Itisespeciallycommonamongpeoplewhofeeldifferentfromtheirage-mates.

第三部分：书面表达（共两节，32分）

第一节：（共4小题;第40、41题各2分，第42题3分，第43题5分，共12分）

阅读下面短文，根据题目要求用英文回答问题。

Therearecountlessmetaphorsformemory.It'saleakybucket,asteeltrap,apapercontainer,andwordswritten

insand.ButhaveyoueverthoughtthatourmemoriesarcalotlikeaLegoTower:It'sbuiltfromthegroundup,then

brokendown,putawayinbinsandrebuiltinaslightlydifferentfbnneachtimeit'stakenout.PsychologistsCiara

GreeneandGillianMurphyexplainthismetaphorintheirnewbook,MemoryLane.

Perhapsthecomparisonspeakstomebecau