2025年高考新课标一卷英语真题含答案

2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试A.£19.15.B.£9.18.A.Unpackhissuitcase.B.Boardafligh2.WhatdoesSarahplantodoafterA.Dovolunteerwork.B.Pursueahigherdegree.C.Runthe3.WhatarethespeA.Buyingacar.B.Movi4.Whatdoesthewomanthinkoftheskiarea?5.WherearethespeA.TheArtCentre.选项中迭出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题A.At2:00pm.B.At2:30pm.C.At3:30pm.8.WhatistherelationshipbetweeA.Fellowworkers.B.Formerschoolmates.C.Familyrelati9.WhowillGracehaveA.Fiona.B.Jennifer.A.Buyadrink.B.PlaybaskeA.TheyarereplacedbydocumentaB.TheyhavebeenreducedinnuC.TheyfocusonthelifeofcelebritA.Favorable.B.Critical.A.Educational.B.Diverse.C.EntertaiA.Aschoolteacher.B.Aradiohost.A.Givespeeches.B.O16.HowcanthestudenB.Findjobopportunities.17.WhatisthegoaloftheschoolprA.ToimprovestudentB.Topromotetheideaofwork-lifebalance.A.Bythelake.B.Onthecoast.A.Thedurationofflooding.B.Theriseinairtempe20.Whatdoesthesuccessoftheprojectindicate?B.ThehomeownersareAThegreeningofplanes,trainsandautMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisreemissions(排放).Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithHere’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Mtobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.is“alittlebitmind-blowing,”saysmechaEnergyLaboratory.It’sestimatedthatthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwilla21.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?22.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?23.WhatdoesWipkesuggestregarA.Limitingfuelconsumption.B.PuttingmoreeffortintoreneC.Improvingenergyefficiency.BInmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,whodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,anbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIquestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.ThiswouldhaIaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatefapersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingwomeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.TheresThestudentstookondiversetopicsbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievinmystudentsdemonstratewalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobeh24.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A.Ninthgraders.B.Students’parenC.Modernwriters.25.WhydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirA.TheywerenotgivenenoughC.Theymisunderstoodt26.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3A.Mixed.B.Amazing.27.WhatdoestheauthA.Teachingislearning.CWhilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadspackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadetheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackrethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochanmakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.SomecommunitiesfoughMostfamously,aCanadianjournalledacampaigntostopthedestrucreplacementwithanexpressway,asadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthewerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-smillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.28.WhatphenomenondoestheauthorpointA.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.P29.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?A.Keeptheircitieslivable.B.PromoteculturaldivA.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.TheyturnedoutlargelyineffecC.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuilding31.WhatcanbeasuitA.WhytheRush?B.What’sNext?C.WheretoStay?DinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicroandevenfalleninfreuggestfmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)boilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools—couldrepercentofitsmicroplastics.f10to1,000timesmoremicroplasticScientistsarestilltryingtodeterminehowharmfulmicroplasticsare--butwhasraisedconcerns.ThenewstudysuggestsboilingtapwatercouldGauchotte-Lindsay,anenvironmentalengineer,attheUniversityofGlasgownotinvolvedintheresearch,tellsNewScienwatertreatmentplantssotheyremovemicroplastics.”32.HowdoestheauthorpresenttheissueinthefirstparagA.Byquotinganexpert.C.Bygivingexamples.33.Whatdeterminestheeffectivenessoftrappingmicroplasticsinwater?A.Thehardnessofwater.B.Thelengthofcoolingtime.C.Thefrequencyoffiltering.D.Thetypeofplasticinwater.34.WhatdoestheauthortrytoillustratebymentioningbottledwaterinparagA.Theimportanceofplasticrecycling.B.Theseverityofthemicroplasticproblem.C.Thedangerinoverusingpurewater.35.WhatisGauchotte-LindA.Choiceofnewresearchmethods.B.Possibledirectionforfurtherstudy.C.Needtoinvolvemoreresearchers.D.PotentialapplicationofthefindingsAnUnsungHeroNeedabreakbetweenclassesorjustahasjustthat,andmore.36CatherineMurphy,acafeworke 37Asthecustomergrabsthedrinkfromhconversations.Murphygetsupataquartertofiveanddri Murphysaid.Beingamotherandwifehashelpedherbecomethewomansheis.ShedifferenceinastudenthavingamuchbetterdaythantheywerehavinWright,aseniorpoliti “Ienjoyworkinginthecafe,”Murphysaid.40ShehaseveryintentionofstayingandB.ShehastwochildreD.AfterfinishinganordE.NotonlydoesthiscafF.Goingtothecafestartsherdayoffg第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）mywedding.MyhusbandandIhadjustsoldourhouseandwewerebusy41hebelovedhomeourtointown,donatedwhatwecould,anobjects.Thatleftahousestill4belonginalandfill(垃圾填埋场).Itookapictureofthevaseandposteditonline,for$10.Acoupleofmessagescamein,onewantingadditional46settledonanewprice($0)andrepostedit.The48aninstant,awomanracedintomyhouseandlefthappilywiththevase. 49,Ipostedmore.Mydailypostsandthe50oflightinthechaosofmyhouse.Eachexchangeprovidedachanceto51thelandfillandtopleaseanotherpersonImightnototherwisehave52. 54inknowingwithus.41.A.paintingoverB.lookingaroundC.emptyingoutD.pullingdown42.A.hotelB.officeC.cottageD.apartment43.A.storeB.displayC.sellD.repair44.A.coveredB.decoratedC.stuffedD.equipped45.A.conventionalB.valuableC.complicatedD.tolerable46.A.feesB.photosC.receiptsD.models47.A.moveB.payC.marketD.work48.A.warningB.requestC.descriptionD.reply49.A.ConfusedB.InterestedC.DisappointedD.Encouraged50.A.visitsB.reportsC.adviceD.money51.A.removeB.spareC.findD.check52.A.investigatedB.recognizedC.encounteredD.recommended53.A.giveawaysB.postsC.contributionsD.belongings54.A.joyB.partC.careD.time55.A.anticipatingB.appreciatingC.deliveringD.withdrawingweiqiinChinese,56originatedinChinamorethan4,Goisoneof57earlieandwhitepiecesreflectthebasicideasofEasternphilosophy,accordingtoTuNingning,whoisinchargeoftheexhibition.“TheexhibitionbringstogetherGoculture,cutting-edgetechnologyandcontemporaryart,”saysTu.“Wehopeinitiatedialogueswithminimalistart,conceptualartandexpressionism.”yourtrapandforcethemtofollGoplayeramongthevisitorstotheexhibition.“Theplayers’personalities60(reveal)duringthegame,andone’sexposedtotheopponent,"sheadds.“Adecentwinneralways61 62nomorethanoneortwopointsasagesture(姿态)ofrespectfortheotherside.”Tusaysthatthebalancebetweenthebla (strategy)placementofthepieces,64theenergyflowfollowingeachmoveinspiredartitocreateoilpaintings,sculptures,65(digital)generatedpi假定你是李华，你班的英语报要增设一个栏目。外教Jenny提出“Funatmyschool”和“GuesswhoIam”两个选项供大家选择。请给Jenny写一封邮件，内容包括：IreallyliketheideaofaddinganewcolumntoourEnglishnewspaper.gatheringintheearlysummer.Shehadpreparedlotsbackyardinorder.showedup,IaskedhimtowatchTobyanMyplanwasworkingoutjustfinthebackyardandgivingthekidsplentyofroom.Unexpectedly,aftersupper,theweatherchanged.Itstartedtorainandeveryonewentbrotherwasn’thappywithdrivinghomewithawetdog.Eventually,mybrotherdecidratherthanforcetheissueAfewdayspassed,andIhadn’theardanythingfrommybrwishesforhimtocomeoutagain.Hisreplycameasasurprise—ashock,actually:“Notachance.”he’llgetoverit,IreasoTwomonthspassed.Mywifesuggestedshoes.Hewasfacinghealthissues,andhiswifeofthirty-fiveyearshadpassedawayafewmonthsearlier.TobywashisconstantcoIrealizeditwasmewhowasatfWiththebiscuitsmywifehadmade,Iarrivedatmybrot第1页/共21页2025年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(全国一卷)英语学科AThegreeningofplanes,trainsandautomobilesMovinggoodsandpeoplearoundtheworldisresponsibleforalargepartofglobalCO2emissions(排放).Astheworldracestodecarbonizeeverything,itfacesparticularproblemswithtransportation—whichaccountsforaboutaquarterofourenergy-relatedgreenhousegasemissions.Here’sthebreakdownoftheemissionsin2018fordifferentmodesoftransport.Thefuelsfortransportneedtobenotjustgreen,cheapandpowerful,butalsolightweightandsafeenoughtobecarriedaround.Eachmodeoftransporthasitsspecificfuelneeds.Muchisstilltobesettled,butherearesomeofthesolutionstogetusgoinggreen.PLANES—SynthetichydrocarbonsThehardestsectortodecarbonizeisaviation.Onelong-termoptionforsustainablefuelforplanesistomakehydrocarbonsfromrecycledair.CARS—BatteriesBatteriesareenergy-efficientandelectriccarscanplugintoexistingsystemsandservices.Newsolid-statebatterieswilltakeacarfartheronasinglecharge.第2页/共21页TRAINS—ElectricitySometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.TRUCKS—HydrogenfuelcellsHydrogenfuelcellsarealighterchoicethanbatteriesfortrucks,butmakinggreenhydrogenisexpensive.SHIPS—LiquidammoniaLiquidammoniaiseasytokeepandtransport,butitishardtoignite(点燃)andrequiresanengineredesign.Thisenergytransition(变革)isglobal,andtheamountofrenewableenergytheworldwillneedis“alittlebitmind-blowing,”saysmechanicalengineerKeithWipkeattheNationalRenewableEnergyLaboratory.It’sestimatedthattheglobaldemandforelectricitycouldmorethandoubleby2050.Fortunately,analysessuggestthatrenewablesareuptothetask.“Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergy,anditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.1.Whatpercentageofglobaltransportemissionsdidroadvehiclesaccountforin2018?A.11.6%.B.45.1%.C.74.5%.D.86.1%.2.Whichmodeoftransportcangogreencomparativelyeasily?A.Planes.B.Trucks.C.Trains.D.Ships.3WhatdoesWipkesuggestregardingenergytransition?.A.Limitingfuelconsumption.B.Puttingmoreeffortintorenewables.C.Improvingenergyefficiency.D.Makingelectricitymoreaffordable.【答案】1.C2.C3.B【解析】【导语】本文是一篇应用文。文章主要介绍了2018年不同交通方式的温室气体排放占比，以及飞机、汽车等各类交通工具的未来绿色燃料路径。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据图表信息ROADVEHICLES部分中“ROAD(PASSENGER)45.1%(道路(客运)45.1%)”以及“ROAD(GOODS)29.4%(道路(货运)29.4%)”可知，道路车辆总占比为45.1%+29.4%=74.5%，即道路车辆在2018年全球交通排放中占比74.5%。故选C项。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据图表信息TRAINS—Electricity部分中“Sometrainsarealreadyelectrifiedthroughrailsorwires;otherscanbemadeelectricinprettysimpleways.(一些列车已经通过轨道或电线实现了电气化；其他火车可以通过非常简单的方式实现电动化)”可知，火车相较其他交通方式更易实现绿色化。故选C项。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据最后一段中““Weneedtospeedupthedevelopmentofgreenenergyanditwillallgetused,”saysWipke.(Wipke说：“我们需要加速绿色能源的开发，而且这些能源都会被利用起来。”)”可知，Wipke建议加大对可再生能源的投入，即加大对绿色能源的投入。故选B项。BInmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.Butthingsweredifferentfortheirfirstessay,whichwasaboutthequestion:“Whyiswritingimportant?”Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.Thiswouldhavetochange.Asanewunitstarted,Iaskedeveryonetowriteapersuasivepieceonahealth-relatedtopicoftheirchoice.Thistimetheyfoundtheexercisemuchmoreinteresting.Forthenexttwoassignments,apersonal-narrativeunitfollowedbyacreative-writingworkshop,Ionlyrequiredthatthepiecemeetthespecificationsofitsgenre(体裁)andthatitcontainathesis.Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.4.Whoarethepeoplementionedatthebeginningofparagraph1?A.Ninthgraders.B.Students’parents.C.Modernwriters.D.Fictionalcharacters.5.Whydidthestudentsperformpoorlyinwritingtheirfirstessay?A.Theywerenotgivenenoughtime.B.Theyhadaverylimitedvocabulary.第3页/共21页C.Theymisunderstoodthequestion.D.Theyhadlittleinterestinthetopic.6.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“staggering”inparagraph3mean?A.Mixed.B.Amazing.C.Similar.D.Disturbing.7.Whatdoestheauthor’sexperienceshow?A.Teachingislearning.B.Stillwatersrundeep.C.Knowledgeispower.D.Practicemakesperfect.【答案】4.D5.D6.B7.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇记叙文。文章主要讲述了作者作为一名写作课老师，通过教学实践逐渐认识到学生写作动力的来源以及写作真正意义的成长故事。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段中“Inmyninth-gradewritingclasslastyear,Imetacowboywhosavedhistown,astrictfatherwhodemandedhissonearnstraightA’s,andamodern-dayJulietwhodiedofheartbreakafterherparentsrejectedtheloveofheryounglife.Morethanonce,Ifoundmyselfwonderingjusthowmystudents,who’dcreatedthesepeople,knewtheirsubjectssowell.(去年，在我九年级的写作课上，我结识了一位拯救了自己小镇的牛仔、一位要求儿子门门功课全得A的严厉父亲，还有一位现代版的朱丽叶——因父母反对她年少的爱情而心碎离世。来源：高三答案公众号。不止一次，我暗自琢磨，这些塑造了这些人物的学生，究竟是如何如此深谙他们笔下的角色的)”可知，这里提到的牛仔、严厉的父亲和现代版的朱丽叶都是学生在写作中创造出来的虚构人物。故选D。【5题详解】推理判断题。根据第二段中“Mostoftheessaysfilledlessthanonepage,andfewcontainedasentencethatcouldbeinterpretedasathesis(论点)statement.Iwasshocked.ThenIrealizedthattheproblemwasthequestionitself.Theycouldhavewrittenpagesonthenecessityofcomputers,butwriting,inandofitself,simplydidn’tstrikethemasimportant.(大多数文章篇幅不足一页，几乎没有包含可被视为论点的句子。我感到震惊。随后我意识到问题出在题目本身。他们本可以就电脑的必要性写下数页内容，但写作本身根本没让他们觉得重要)”可推知，学生们在写第一篇作文时表现不佳，是因为他们对写作这个话题本身不感兴趣。故选D。【6题详解】词句猜测题。根据第三段中“Theresultswerestaggering.Thestudentstookondiversetopicsandturnedinstories,10to20pageseach,withcharactersthatbroadenedmyviewandtouchedmyheart.(结果是staggering。学生们选取了多样的主题，交上来的故事每篇都有10到20页长，其中的人物拓宽了我的视野，也触动了我的心)”可知，学生们写出了内容丰富、打动人心的故事，与之前的表现形成强烈对比。staggering意为“令第4页/共21页人震惊的、惊人的”，与B选项“Amazing(惊人的)”语义一致。故选B。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Iwalkedintoclassbelievingthatwritingisimportantasameansofcommunication.However,mystudentsdemonstratedsomethingmoreimportanttome.WhenthefinalbellranginJune,Iwalkedawaywithayearbookfullofmessagesaboutwriting’smostpowerfulsignificance—theabilitytoconnectpeople,toputusinanother’sskin,toteachuswhatitmeanstobehuman.(我走进教室时坚信写作作为一种交流方式至关重要。然而，学生们向我展示了更为重要的东西。当六月的下课铃响起时，我带着一本满是留言的年鉴离开——这些留言诉说着写作最强大的意义：它能连接人与人，让我们换位思考，教会我们身为人类的真谛)”结合全文内容可知，文章通过作者的教学经历，说明她在教导学生的同时，自己也领悟到写作的真正意义，这一过程体现了“教学相长”的理念。选项A“Teachingislearning(教学相长)”符合文中描述的作者通过教学获得的新认识。故选A。CWhilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.DutchauthorsThaliaVerkadeandMarcoteBrömmelstroetarebotheredbyfactslikethese.IntheirnewbookMovement:HowtoTakeBackOurStreetsandTransformOurLives,theycallforarethinkofourstreetsandtheroletheyplayinourlives.Lifeoncitystreetsstartedtochangedecadesago.Wholeneighbourhoodsweredestroyedtomakewayfornewroadnetworksandkidshadtoplayelsewhere.Somecommunitiesfoughtback.Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”SimilarcampaignsoccurredinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970saswell.Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.InAustraliawenowhaveovertwentymillioncarsforjustovertwenty-sixmillionpeople,amongthehighestrateofcarownershipintheworld.Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?TheauthorsofMovementhaveitright:it’stimetothinkdifferentlyaboutthatstreetoutsideyourfrontdoor.第5页/共21页第6页/共21页8.Whatphenomenondoestheauthorpointoutinparagraph1?A.Carsoftengetstuckontheroad.B.Trafficaccidentsoccurfrequently.C.Peoplewalklessanddrivemore.D.Pedestriansfailtofollowtherules.9.WhatweretheCanadianjournalistandothercampaignerstryingtodo?A.Keeptheircitieslivable.B.Promoteculturaldiversity.C.Helptheneedyfamilies.D.Makeexpresswaysaccessible.10.WhatcanbeinferredaboutthecampaignsinAustraliainthelate1960sand1970s?A.Theyboostedthesalesofcars.B.Theyturnedoutlargelyineffective.C.Theywongovernmentsupport.D.Theyadvocatedbuildingnewparks.11.Whatcanbeasuitabletitleforthetext?A.WhytheRush?B.What’sNext?C.WheretoStay?D.WhotoBlame?【答案】8.C9.A10.B11.A【解析】【导语】本文是一篇议论文。文章主要介绍了西方城市过度围绕汽车设计导致行人流动性下降，尤其是儿童步行减少的现象，并通过历史案例和现状分析呼吁反思街道功能，重视城市宜居性。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据文章第一段“Whilesafetyimprovementsmighthavebeenmadetoourstreetsinrecentyears,transportstudiesalsoshowdeclinesinpedestrian(行人)mobility,especiallyamongyoungchildren.Manyparentssaythere’stoomuchtrafficontheroadsfortheirchildrentowalksafelytoschool,sotheypackthemintothecarinstead.(虽然近年来我们的街道可能已经改善了安全性，但交通研究也表明行人的流动性下降，尤其是年轻儿童。来源：高三答案公众号。许多家长说，路上的交通太拥挤，他们的孩子无法安全步行上学，所以他们把孩子塞进车里)”可知，作者指出的现象是人们步行减少、开车增多。故选C。【9题详解】推理判断题。根据文章第三段“Mostfamously,aCanadianjournalistwhohadmovedherfamilytoManhattanintheearly1950sledacampaigntostopthedestructionofherlocalpark.Describingheralarmatitsproposedreplacementwithanexpressway,JaneJacobscalledonhermayor(市长)tochampion“NewYorkasadecentplacetolive,andnotjustrushthrough.”(最著名的是，一位加拿大记者在20世纪50年代初举家迁往曼哈顿，她领导了一场阻止当地公园被毁的运动。在描述她对用高速公路取代公园的提议感到震惊时，JaneJacobs呼吁她的市长捍卫“纽约作为适宜居住的地方，而不仅是匆匆穿过的通道”)”可推知，加拿大记者和其他运动参与者旨在保持城市宜居性。故选A。【10题详解】推理判断题。根据文章倒数第二段“Althoughthesecampaignswerewidespread,therealityisthatthemajorityofthewesterncitieswerecompletelyredesignedaroundtheneedsofthemotorcar.Thenumberofcarsonroadshasbeenincreasingrapidly.(尽管这些运动很普遍，但现实是大多数西方城市完全围绕汽车需求重新设计。道路上的汽车数量一直在迅速增加)”可推知，20世纪60年代末和70年代澳大利亚的竞选活动未能阻止汽车发展，基本上没有效果。故选B。【11题详解】主旨大意题。通读全文，并根据文章最后一段“Weinvestalotinroadsthathelpusrushthrough,butwefailtoaccountforthetruecosts.Dowereallyrecognisewhatitcostsusasasocietywhenchildrencan’tmovesafelyaroundourcommunities?(我们在帮助我们快速通过的道路上投入了大量资金，但我们没有考虑到真正的成本。我们真的认识到当孩子们不能在我们的社区安全地移动时，我们作为一个社会将会付出什么代价吗)”可推知，本文批判城市过度追求交通效率、忽视行人需求的现象，A项“WhytheRush?(为何匆匆？)”质问“rushthrough(匆匆通行)”的规划理念，契合主旨，最适合作为本文标题。故选A。DMicroplasticshavebecomeacommonsourceofpollutionacrosstheEarth—theyhavesettledinthedeepseaandontheHimalayas,stuckinsidevolcanicrocks,filledthestomachsofseabirdsandevenfalleninfreshAntarcticsnow.Theyareevenappearinginsidehumans.Now,newresearchsuggeststhatasimple,cheapmeasuremaysignificantlyreducethelevelofmicroplasticsinwaterfromyourtap(水龙头):boilingandfiltering(过滤)it.InastudypublishedWednesdayinEnvironmentalScience&TechnologyLetters,researchersfromChinafoundthatboilingtapwaterforjustfiveminutes—thenfilteringitafteritcools—couldremoveatleast80percentofitsmicroplastics.Crucially,thisprocessreliesonthewatercontainingenoughcalciumcarbonate(碳酸钙)totraptheplastics.Inthestudy,boilinghardwatercontaining300milligramsofcalciumcarbonateledtoanalmost90percentdropinplastics.Butinsampleswithlessthan60milligramsofcalciumcarbonate,boilingreducedthelevelofplasticsbyjust25percent.Additionally,theresearchdidn’tincludealltypesofplastics.Theteamfocusedonlyonthreecommontypes—polystyrene,poly