高考英语：阅读理解核心考点

1.阅读理解核心考点大串讲

核心考点L把握主旨要义

--------------巧借题材定主旨一新闻报道：导语（首段）交1娜道事

把理解全文主旨件；说明文：暗发现结论句；议论文：论点、反复生出现

握的词语或结论性句子；记叙文：通读文章大意、首尾段

主

旨

归纳段落大意一段首；段尾；段中；无中心句自己概括

要

义

选定最隹标题一特征：概括也针对性；新颖庄一逆向验证法

核心考点2.理解文章细节信息

题干定位法:闽郎好关谑词一运用鼓捌彘一比槌

一直解趣项宿息何定答案

飞5嬴正髓项特点运用同义破色词甑越1良词蟀

「股口息如口冒则力变投艇群就磊简㈱括、正话反说等

一教乳愎题1姗鼾酮数脂I焉据器关系并进行加獭滤

核心考点工对文章内容作出合理推断

一正艇顶：@1触域含义延漱不含绝对化表述

推断隐含意义n---------------------------------------------------

王丽又章原句、凭空臆想推断片面蹴反

对文章的内容

领定人物的语言、盾感、行为、事实信息，尤其是描写人物

作出合理推断推断人物特征

特征的形容词

分析写作手法1举例去对比去下定义等

核心考点4.理解作者的观点态度

核心考点5.判断写作意图和写作对象及文章出处

段落意匡、篇爵图及写作手法意图

----------------主旨］跚法

判断写作意图卜文体推断法：议论文一说服读者磁飘中观点；说明文一使

读者认知某种事物；记叙文-娱乐读者踹与后示；广告类

说明文一吸引读者、顾客或观众

判断写作意图、写作

锁定式章休裁、题材、语言特征及标志性信息

对象及文章出处

newsreport,advertisement,website(网站)、travel

文章出处

guide、maga2ine(entertainment.science,education,

healthsection),book/filmreview(书评/导汨)、biography/

autobiography(脸/自传)

写作对象:文章措辞、代词指代、叙述语气

核心考点6.推断单词短语的含义

上下文语境】同义词复现、举例说明

定语修饰、同位语解释（：、一、——、（））、举例说

语法关系

推断单词短语明、代词指代（一般在前文找）

的含义

同义关系(similarly,as…as、and.or)、反义关系(in

、、

——逻辑关系contrast,onthecontrary,unlikehowever,but

although/eventhough).因果关系(because、since、for、

、

thustherefore,dueto.owingtoxasaresut.so...that)

核心考点7.理解文章篇章结构

全真模拟试题演练

A

ThisisagreattimeofyeartovisitNYC(NewYorkCity).Forthebest

experience,planaheadandmakerequiredreservations.Tospendlessandexperience

more,you'HfinditappropriatetopossessaCityPASS.

CityPASSincludesadmissiontoour86thflooropen-airobservationdeckofthe

EmpireStateBuildingandotherfourattractions,includingAmericanMuseumof

NaturalHistory,9/11Memorial&Museum,StatueofLiberty,andCircleLine

SightseeingCruises.

SeetheviewsthatdefineNewYorkCity,andthenexplorethecitytothefullest

withCityPASS.Visittheattractionsatyourownpace,inanyorder,overa9-day

period.

Reservationsmayberequiredatattractions.Forsomeattractions,youcanmake

reservationsthroughtheCityPASS®TravelGuide,andforothers,weprovide

instructionsonhowyoucanreserveatimedirectlywiththeattraction.

CityPASSoffersfourwaystoseeNewYorkCity:CityPASS,ourbestseller;C3,

greatforshortstays;C-All,forthosewhodon'twanttomissathing;SightseeingPass,

alsogreatforshortstays.

NEWYORKNEWYORK

CityPASSC3

BestvalueandourbestscilcrBestforashortstay

Save42%at5AttractionsSaveupto34%at3Attractions

Adult(18+)Child(6-17)Adult(13+)Child(5-12)

$129.00$109.00$92.00$72.00

NEWYORKNEWYORK

C-AIISightseeingPass

BestforseeingitallBestforashortstay

Save46%at10AttractionsSave60%at3Attractionsaday

Adult(13+)Child(5-12)Adult(15+)Child(5-14)

Si89.00$139.00$45.00$35.00

21.WhichofthefollowingisanadvantageofaCityPASStoNYC?

A.Thereisnoneedforvisitorstomakeareservation.

B.Visitorscanvisittheattractionsatwillondeadline.

C.Visitorswillgetmoreinstructionsfromatravelguide.

D.Itoffersvisitorsachancetobuysouvenirsatadiscount.

22.Whichwayisthefirstchoiceifyouwanttoseeallattractions?

A.CityPASS.R.C3.C.C-AIL.D.SightseeingPass.

23.Whatisthepurposeofthetext?

A.TointroduceCityPASS.B.TopresentthetourtoNYC.

C.ToadvertiseNYC.D.Toofferinstructionstovisitors.

B

“You'refired!”Andrewwasn'tjoking.Atthatmoment,hewantedhispersonal

careattendant,Christy,outofhislifeforever.''You^efired!”Hesaiditagainfor

extraemphasis.Christydidn'tdrawback.Sheneededthisjob.HurricaneKatrinahad

damagedhersavingsalongwithherhouse.ButtheretiredPEteacherwasn'tdaunted.

Shewasaloughnut.

Wheneight-year-oldAndrewwasdiagnosedwithAsperger'ssyndrome（阿斯伯

格综合征）,peopletoldhismom,Cindy,togethimonthelistforanattendantto

provideafter-schoolcare.However,inNewOrleans,thewaitcanbeyears.Cindy

choseaprogramthroughVolunteersofAmerica.Evenso,itwaseightyearsbefore

theywerematchedwithChristy.Meanwhile,Andrew'sfamilydidtheirbesttoprotect

himfromlife'sdifficulties.

Therewasaloltoworryabout.CouldAndrewgraduatefromhighschool?

Wouldheeverhaveajob?Couldheliveindependently?”Andrewwouldn'ttakea

stepwithouthismother'spermission,MChristysays."Solettinghimexperience

failureistheonlywayhecanlearntodothingsonhisown.”

Soon,CindywouldnolongerwriteAndrew,spapersfbrhim.Christywouldn't

behelpinghimwithhomeworkeither.Hecomplained,loudlyattimes.Butthen

thingsbegantochange.Andrewwouldstartonhishomeworkafterschool.Christy

showedhimhowtogetorganized.Andshecoachedhimonhowtodealwith

disappointment.Oncehisworkwasdone,Christyofferedfreedom.She'dtakehimto

thebookstore,themovies,orouttoeathisfavoritefood,sushi.

Onestepatatime,Andrewgainedindependence.Hegraduatedfromhighschool

andenteredcommunitycollege.AndhestoppedtryingtofireChristy.Lastspring,

Andrewmovedintohisownapartment,abovethefamily'sgarage.He'sworking

towardanassociate'sdegreeinvideogamedesign.He'sstudyingtogethislearner's

permittodrive.At25,hesayslifehasneverbeenbetter.Thereisnodoubtthat

AndrewandChristyhavedoneittogether.

24.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“daunted"inParagraph1mean?

A.Worried.R.Discouraged.C.Surprised.D.Embarrassed.

25.WhatdidChristydotohelpAndrewoutofhistrouble?

A.Shedesignedaprojectforhim.

B.Sheshelteredhimfromlife'shardships.

C.Shelethimgainindependencefromfailure.

D.Shemadehimignorehismother'spermission.

26.WhatwasarewardforAndrewifhecompletedhiswork?

A.Playingcomputergames.B.Readingbooksinthelibrary.

C.Doingwhathelikedbest.D.Goingtoseeafilm.

27.WhatcanweinferaboutAndrewfromthetext?

A.Hecouldn'tliveanormallifewithoutChristy.

B.Hehasdecidedtoliveawayfromhisfamily.

C.HeisplanningtohireChristyforsomeyears.

D.Heisnotreallycontentwithhispresentlife.

C

Hearingaidswillbecomemoreaccessiblethankstoanewrule.TheUSFood

andDrugAdministration(FDA)announcedonTuesdaythatpeoplecannowbuy

hearingaidsdirectlyfromastoreoronline,saidFDACommissionerDr.RobertCaliff.

Before,Americanscouldonlygelahearingaidwithaprescription,visitingahearing

healthprofessionalandhavingacustomfitting.Thenewrulewillhelpthosewith

hearinglosstobuyhearingaidsoverthecounter.

Dr.RobertCaliffsaid,“Today'sactionwillnotonlyhelpthosewithhearingloss

gainaccesstomoreaffordableandinnovativeproductionoptions,butit'llreleasethe

powerofAmericanindustrytoimprovethetechnologyinawayit'Himpacttheheavy

burdenofdisabilityfromhearinglossthataffectstheworld.”

TheAmericanSpeech-Language-HearingAssociation(ASHA)laudedthenew

rulemadebytheFDA."ASHAfullysupportsthecreationofthisnewcategoryof

over-the-counterhearingdevices,whichwillincreasetheavailabilityandaffordability

ofhearingaidsformanyAmericans,“saidJaniceR.Trent,aleaderofASHA.

Thenewrulestilldoesn'tensurehearingaidsarccoveredbyinsurance.Hearing

aidsoftenburnahugeholeinpeople'spocketswithapaircosting$4,000,according

toastudypublishedinJAMA.Consideringthatfivelargecompaniescontrol90%of

theglobalmarketplaceforhearingaids,FDAiscountingonthenewruletobring

downpricesbyinvitingmoreplayersintothemarket.

“Ihaveabigsmileonmyfacerightnow,“saidDr.FrankLin,directorofthe

CochlearCenterforHearingandPublicHealth.4lIn1977,theonlywayforhearing

aidstobesafeandeffectivewasthattheywereprogrammed,fittedandprofessionally

adjustedbyalicensedprovider.Nowthenewrulecouldchangethemarket.This

allowsmorecompaniesthatarealreadymakinginnovativeearbudstoenterthe

market.”

28.WhatdoesDr.RobertCalifffocusonaboutthenewruleinparagraph2?

A.Thebackgroundofmakingit.B.Itspossiblepositiveinfluences.

C.Hisworriesoveritsacceptance.D.Hisexplanationsofitscontents.

29.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“lauded“meaninparagraph3?

A.Challenged.B.Rejected.C.Praised.D.Adjusted.

30.WhyarehearingaidssoexpensiveinAmericaaccordingtothetext?

A.Thereislittlecompetition.B.Theyareingreatdemand.

C.Theyareofexcellentquality.D.Moreinsuranceisrequired.

31.WhydoesDr.FrankLinfeeldelighted?

A.Moreandmorecompanieswillbewellmonitored.

B.Hearingaidswillbemuchsaferandmoreeffective.

C.Themarketofhearingaidswillbemoredynamic.

D.Theprocessofmakinghearingaidswillbesimpler.

D

Astart-upcompanybackedbytechgiantsIBMandMicrosoftplanstobuild

thousandsofartificialreefsacrosstheglobetofightclimatechangebyrestoringcoral

reef（珊瑚礁）ecosystems.

TheReefCompanyplanstohaveitsfirstreefsinthewaterbyDecember2022,

andisencouragingmorecompaniestofundreefstooffset（抵消）theircarbon

footprint.uWe'vecalculatedweneedtobuild2,500reefs,eachmeasuring4square

kilometers,overthenext10yearstoabsorbtheextracarbonwehaveontheplanetat

themoment,“saysJeroenvandeWaal,founderofTheReefCompany.

Coralreefsarchometo25%ofallmarinelife.Theyprovideasourceofincome

formillionsofpeoplethroughfishingandtourismandprotectcoastalcommunitiesby

reducingthepowerofwavesbeforetheyreachtheshore.Yetthey'reunderthreat

fromglobalwanningand90%ofallcoralreefscouldbelostby2050ifnothingis

donetoprotectthem.

Aswellasimprovingbiodiversityandstoringcarbon,TheReefCompany,which

isbasedinPortugal,hopestogiveaboosttolocaleconomiesandcollectreal-time

dataforresearchers.

Theartificialreefsareconstructedfromeco-friendlyconcretemadefrom

recycledindustrialwasteandwillfeatureconsoles（控制台）filledwithsensorsthat

canmeasurehowsalty,warmandacidtheoceanis."Thereefswillprovidea

continuouslyexpandingsetofconnectedsensorstogatherandanalyzedata,

generatinginsightsinrealtime,“saysAndresOrtola,managingdirectorofMicrosoft

Portugal.

Toactasasinkforcarbondioxide,theartificialreefswillneedtosupportplants

suchasseagrassandmangrovesalongsidecoral.Whilecoralreefsusecarbontogrow,

theprocessalsolowersthepHinthewater,whichresultsinthereleaseofCO2.

BenjaminHortonattheEarthObservatoryofSingaporesaysartificialreefswillneed

tobewellmaintainedtoprovesuccessful."Iftheecosystemsaredamaged,their

carbonsinkcapacitywillbeaffected,andthecarbonstoredwillbereleased?'

32.Whatdoestheauthormainlytrytodoinparagraph3?

A.Warnmorecompaniesoftheextinctionofcoralreefs.

B.Emphasizetheeconomicbenefitsofartificialcoralreefs.

C.Showcoralreefsplayaroleinfightingglobalwarming.

D.TellwhytheeffortsofTheReefCompanyareimportant.

33.Whyarctheartificialcoralreefsequippedwithsensors?

A.Tohelpnaturalcoralreefsrecover.

B.Tomonitornewindustrialresources.

C.Tokeeptrackofoceananimals'health.

D.Tocollectreal-timedataoftheocean.

34.WhatcanwelearnaboutBenjaminHorton?

A.Heshowsnointerestintheplan.B.Heisworriedabouttheproject.

C.Hefindsartificialreefsuseless.D.Heishopefulaboutecosystems.

35.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?

A.Anattempttofightclimatechange.

B.Acompanydevotedtostudyingreefs.

C.Acreativewaytobuildartificialreefs.

D.Aninternationalcooperationinscience.

【答案解析】

A

【篇章导读】本文是一篇应用文，文章介绍了纽约城市通的益处及使用。

21.B【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Visittheattractionsatyourownpace,in

anyorder,overa9-dayperiod”可知，拥有一张纽约的城市通，游客可以在九天内

自由计划参观城市景点。故答案选B项。

22.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段和表格中的四种途径可知，C-A11适合参

观所有景点的游客。故答案选C项。

23.A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，本文主要介绍了在纽约旅行时

使用的城市通。故答案选A项。

B

【篇章导读】本文是一篇记叙文，文章主要讲述了克里斯蒂帮助阿斯伯格综合症

患者安德鲁康复并且过上正常人生活的故事。

24.B【解析】词义猜测题。根据上文两次出现的“fired”和下文的“Shewasatough

nut.”可知，该词意为“气馁的，胆怯的”，与B项同义。

25.C【解析】细节理解题。根据第三段的“Solettinghimexperiencefailureistheonly

wayhecanlearntodothingsonhisown.”和最后——段的"Onestepatatime,Andrew

gainedindependence”可知，克里斯蒂让安德鲁经历失败，从而变得独立。故答案

选C项。

26.D【解析】细节理解题。根据第四段的“Oncehisworkwasdone,Christyoffered

freedom.She'dtakehimtothebookstore,themovies,orouttoeathisfavoritefood,

sushi.”可知，安德鲁完成作业后会得到奖励，克里斯蒂带他去书店、看电影或去

吃寿司。故答案选D项。

27.A【解析】推理判断题。根据文章的内容可知，在克里斯蒂的帮助和指导下，

患阿斯伯格综合症的安德鲁逐渐康复，并且慢慢过上正常人的生活。故答案选A

项。

C

【篇章导读】本文是一篇说明文。美国食品和药物管理局宣布人们现在可以直接

从商店或网上购买助听器，这一新规将会使得助听器更便宜、更容易获得。

28.B【解析】细节理解题。第二段Dr.RobertCaliff主要谈到这一新规不仅将帮

助丧失听力的人获得更负担得起和具有创新性的产品选择而且将释放美国工业

的力量来改进相应的技术，由此可知，本段主要谈及这一新规可能会带来的积极

影响。

29.C【解析】词义猜测题。根据I皿线词后“ASHAfullysupportsthecreationofthis

newcategoryofover-the-counterhearing