新教材人教版八年级英语上册8A第二部分：U4教材同步答案

基础知识同步训练10分钟2025(秋)版（适用新教材）八年级上册有基础，就有能力！第二部分：教材同步۝۝Vocabulary(1)基础识记۝۝Vocabulary(2)基础拓展۝۝Reading(1)词汇记忆与运用۝۝Reading(2)综合与提升۝۝Sections2-3-4基础与拓展۝۝单元话题写作学案۝۝Grammar۝۝单元话题阅读训练Unit4：Inventions301Vocabulary(1)基础识记基础知识同步训练10分钟5一、根据要求写出相应的单词。1.center(形容词) _________________2.nation(形容词) _________________3.pull(反义词) _________________4.invent(名词) _________________5.path(复数) _________________6.depend(名词) _________________1central2national3push4invention/inventor5paths6dependence

基础知识同步训练10分钟67.person(形容词) _________________8.benefit(形容数) _________________9.distance(形容词)_________________10.avoid(过去式) _________________11.press(名词) _________________12.predict(名词) _________________7personal8beneficial9distant10avoided11pressure12prediction

7二、根据首字母提示写出单词，如需要，适当变化，使句意完整正确。13.Theygotonwelltogethera___________theyweretotalstrangers.14.NewYorkisalsoamajori___________financialcentre.15.Mostcarsrunwiththeirw___________likeourfeet.16.Ifyoua___________somethingtoanobject,youjoinitorfasten(系牢)ittotheobject.17.Whenh___________,icecanturnintowater.

although

international

wheels

attach

heated8三、根据汉语提示写出单词，如需要，适当变化，使句意完整正确。18.Thedifferentcolourful___________(气球)rosehighintotheair.19.Butterflieshavebeautiful___________(翅膀).20.Others___________(怀疑)whetherthatwouldhappen.21.Weshouldspendthemoneyonsomethingthat__________(受益)everyoneinthefuture.22.She___________(注意到)hewasactingstrangely.

balloons

wings

doubted

willbenefit/benefits

noticed923.Althoughanumberofhis___________(invent)wereunsuccessful,Edisonalwayspointedtowhathelearnedduringtheprocessandhowitwouldhelphimgoingforward.24.Weofferfree___________(technique)supportforthosebuyingoursoftware.25.Weshoulddependon___________(us).四、用括号内所给提示词的适当形式完成句子。

inventions

technical

ourselves1026.Henoticedsomechildren___________(play)onthegrassland.27.Ourclothesareoftenareflectionofour___________(person).28.Alargeamountofmoney___________(spend)onthefreewaytenyearsago.29.TheteatradefromChinatowesterncountries_________(take)placeinthe19thcentury.30.Ifyoucanmanageit,makefunof___________(you).

playing

personality

wasspent

took

yourself基础知识同步训练10分钟11一、1central2national3push4invention/inventor5paths6dependence7personal8beneficial9distant10avoided11pressure12prediction二、13although14international15wheels16attach17heated

基础知识同步训练10分钟12三、18balloons19wings20doubted21willbenefit/benefits22noticed四、23inventions24technical25ourselves26playing27personality28wasspent29took30yourself02Vocabulary(2)基础拓展14用所给单词的适当形式填空。1.funny1)Whata__________story!2)That’sthe__________jokeIhaveeverheard.3)Wehadalotof__________.4)What__________wehad!5)Theyaremaking__________oftheoldman.6)Sailingaboatisgreat__________.funnyfunniestfunfunfunfun152.person1)Some__________dowellintheirlessons.2)Thebookisbasedon__________experience.3)Shehadasweet,lively__________.4)__________speaking,I’vealwayspreferredItalianfood.personspersonalpersonalityPersonally163.invent1)Theyareknownas“fournewgreat__________ofmodernChina”.2)Who__________trafficlights?3)The__________wererespected.Theysolvedpracticalproblems.inventionsinventedinventors174.distance 1)Wesuddenlysawherinthe__________. 2)The__________won’tbeaproblem. 3)Theschoolisthreemiles__________fromthestation.distancedistancedistant

185.predict 1)Thismodelcan__________temperatures. 2)Withoutexperience,youhavenobasisforany__________. 3)Itisimpossible__________whatwillhappen.predictpredictiontopredict196.press 1)Alice__________abuttonandwaitedforthelift. 2)He’sgoodatdealingwith__________.pressedpressure207.state 1)Howmany________didtheRepublicans(共和党)win?2)Wemust__________thefactsastheyare.3)Isthata__________oraquestion?statesstatestatement基础知识同步训练10分钟21用所给单词的适当形式填空。1

1)funny2)funniest3)fun4)fun5)fun6)fun3

1)inventions2)invented3)inventors2

1)persons2)personal3)personality4)Personally基础知识同步训练10分钟22用所给单词的适当形式填空。4 1)distance2)distance3)distant

5 1)predict2)prediction3)topredict6 1)pressed2)pressure7 1)states2)state3)statement03Reading(1)

词汇记忆与运用基础知识同步训练10分钟24一、根据要求写出相应的短语1.寻找 _________________2.遍及全球 _________________3.大量的 _________________4.国际贸易 _________________5.依赖于 _________________6.毫无疑问 _________________7.许多;大量的 _________________8.例如 _________________9.在潮湿的天气

_________________10....的到来 _________________1insearchof2acrosstheglobe3largeamountsof4internationaltrade5dependon6withoutdoubt7anumberof8forinstance9inwetweather10thearrivalof

2511.Hecelebrated____________________theNewYearwithapartyforhisfriends.12.Moderncomputerscanorganize____________________dataveryquickly.13.It____________________studentsthemselvestomakethedecisionlastweek.【学以致用】根据句意从上面选择适当的短语并用其正确形式填空。thearrivalof

largeamountsof

dependedon

2614.Hesurfedtheinternet_________________someusefulinformationtocompletethejob.15.Differentpeoplehavedifferentjobs._____________,myneighborisamastercarpenter.insearchof

Forinstance

基础知识同步训练10分钟27二、根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词。16.我们大多数人都乘公共交通上班。Mostofususe____________________togettowork.17.建筑物的模型是用卡片制造的。Themodelofthebuilding____________________cards.publictransport

wasmadeof

基础知识同步训练10分钟2818.大约两千年前，中国的蔡伦首次发明了纸。Paper______________________________about2,000yearsagoinChinabyCaiLun.19.即使在目前，他们仍然在十分艰难的条件下工作。Evennow,theycontinuetoworkin______________conditions.wasfirstinvented

extremelydifficult

基础知识同步训练10分钟2920.随着信息化时代的到来，它变得越来越重要了。 __________________________theinformationage,itbecomesmoreandmoreimportant.Withthearrivalof

30三、课文语法填空。

Whofirstcameupwiththeideaforthewheel?Wemightneverfindoutforsure,butit’slikelythatthepersonwhoinventeditfirst

(1)_______________(use)

wheelstomakepots.Later,theyusedthem

(2)_______________(carry)

peopleandthings.Prettysoon,theystartedputtingwheelsoncartspulledbyhorses.Inthisway,farmerscouldtaketheirgoodstomarketsthatwerefaraway.Thisnewinventionhelpeddevelop

tradebetweendifferent

countries

(3)_______________(peace).used

tocarry

peacefully

31

So,afterthewheel

(4)_______________(invent),thefirstroadsmadeofstonesappeared.Later,(5)_______________

Romanscameupwithnewwaystobuildroads.Thesenewroadswere

(6)___________

good

that

someofthemarestillinusetoday.wasinvented

the

so

32

Thewheeldidn’tjustchangehowpeople

moved

around.Italsohelpeduscreateallsortsof

(7)_______________(amaze)

machines.Windmills,clocks,andothermachines

allusewheels.TheIndustrialRevolutiondepended

alot

(8)_______________

wheelstoo.Eveninourdigitalworldtoday,wegoon(9)______(use)

wheelsindeviceslike3Dprinters.Without

doubt,thewheelisoneofthemostimportant

(10)_______________

(invent)

inhistory.amazing

on

using

inventions

基础知识同步训练10分钟33一、1insearchof2acrosstheglobe3largeamountsof4internationaltrade5dependon6withoutdoubt7anumberof8forinstance9inwetweather10thearrivalof

11thearrivalof12largeamountsof13dependedon14insearchof15Forinstance基础知识同步训练10分钟34二、16publictransport17wasmadeof18wasfirstinvented19extremelydifficult20Withthearrivalof

三、1used2tocarry3peacefully4wasinvented5the6so7amazing8on9using10inventions

04Reading(2)

综合与提升一、用括号里所提供的句型造句。1.电话是最重要的发明，因为它改变了人们远距离沟通的方式。(themost...because...)2.他犯了个大错，结果丢了工作。(...,asaresult,...)

1Thetelephoneisthemostimportantinventionbecauseithaschangedthewaypeoplecommunicateoverlongdistances.2Hemadeonebigmistake.Asaresult,helosthisjob.3.他不只是一位文豪，还是一位发明家。(notonly...,butalso...)4.毫无疑问，中国现在更擅长制造高科技产品。(Withoutdoubt,....)3Heisnotonlyagreatwriter,butalsoaninventor.4Withoutdoubt,Chinaismuchbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsnow.5.我们不应该太依赖手机。(dependon)5Weshouldn’tdependonmobilephonestoomuch.39二、根据句子的需要填入适当的词。1.Withoutdoubt,thewheelisoneofthemostimportantinventions________alltime.2.IpreferT-shirtsmade________cottonbecausetheymakemefeelmorecomfortable.3.________he’snearly80,heisstillveryactive.4.Hespent________largeamountoftimeinNewYork.5.________coldweather,itisbettertowarmyourcarupbeforerunningit.ofofAlthoughaIn40三、选出符合题意的最佳选项。()1.Itwouldbebetterto______thegoodsbyrailwayratherthanbyroad. A.transport B.spread C.increase D.discover()2.China______anewplanelastyear.It’ssaidthatit’sbetterthanthatmadeinAmerica. A.bought B.needed C.developed D.triedAC41()3.Mr.Wangwasabsent.SoMrs.Huwouldgiveuslessons______him. A.togetherwith B.insteadof C.inshortof D.instead()4.Farmersare______busyduringtheharvest.Acheerfully B.mostlyC.conveniently D.extremelyBD42()5.Thedevelopmentofchildren______thesurroundings(社会环境)theylivedin. A.calledon B.kepton C.dependedon D.putonC43Thisweek,wehavelearnedaboutgreatinventions(1)_________________(在历史上).Infactmanyinventionswerecreatedbyaccident.Theinventorsweretryingtomakesomethingcompletelydifferent.Hereisonestory.四、以读促写：阅读短文，根据中文提示完成句子，让文章完整。inhistory44In1945,attheendoftheSecondWorldWar,anAmericaninventorwasworkingonamachinetoproducepowerfulradiowaves.(2)_________________________(当他站在新机器旁边时),thebarofchocolateinhispocketbecamesoft.Themachinewasabletocookthings!Percycalleditamicrowave,andsoonmanyhomesbegantouseit.Itmakesus(3)__________________________(过上更好的生活).2Whenhewasstandingnextto/bythenewmachineliveabetterlife45Thefirstmicrowave,however,weighedaround350kilogramsandwasasbigasafridge!Overtime,microwavesbecamesmallerandsmaller.Finally,it(4)______________________________(变得更实用更方便).Nowmillionsofhomeshavemicrowavesandmanypeoplecan’timaginelivingwithoutone.Likemanyotherinventions,themicrowave(5)_______________________________(改变了我们的生活方式).

becamemorepracticalandconvenienthaschangedthewaywelive基础知识同步训练10分钟46一、1Thetelephoneisthemostimportantinventionbecauseithaschangedthewaypeoplecommunicateoverlongdistances.2Hemadeonebigmistake.Asaresult,helosthisjob.3Heisnotonlyagreatwriter,butalsoaninventor.4Withoutdoubt,Chinaismuchbetteratmakinghigh-technologyproductsnow.5Weshouldn’tdependonmobilephonestoomuch.基础知识同步训练10分钟47二、1of2of3Although4a5In三、1-5ACBDC四、1inhistory2Whenhewasstandingnextto/bythenewmachine3liveabetterlife4becamemorepracticalandconvenient5haschangedthewaywelive05LSWandS4基础与拓展49一、根据要求写出相应的短语1.在陆地上行驶(p60) ____________2.行驶到更远的距离 ____________3.通过语音控制 ____________4.使用太阳能 ____________5.避免交通阻塞 ____________6.一种更令人兴奋的体验____________7.入睡 (p62) ____________8.准备做... ____________9.醒来 ____________10.把...加热 ____________1runonland2travelfartherdistances3becontrolledbyvoice4usesolarpower5avoidtrafficjams6amoreexcitingexperience7fallasleep8bereadytodo9wakeup10heat...up

50二、根据汉语提示补全句子，每空一词。11.那列火车最高时速达350千米/小时。 Thehigh-speedtrainhas____________________________________350km/h.12.当你乘着热气球飞翔在天空中时,你将会像鸟儿一样自由。 Whenyouflybytakingahotairballoon,youwillbe_____________________abird.the/atopspeedofasfreeas5113.这个发明将会帮助人们过上更好的生活。 Thisinventionwillhelppeople________________________________________.14.他太忙了，以至于没注意到她。 Hewas_________________________________hedidn’tnoticeher.liveabetterlifesobusythat5215.交通信号灯由中心计算机控制。

Thetrafficlights____________________________acentralcomputer.16.如果气温降到零度以下，水就会变成冰。Ifthetemperaturedropsbelowzerodegree,waterwill______________________ice.arecontrolledbyturninto5317.这是近年来生物学上最令人振奋的发展之一。Thishasbeenoneof__________________________inbiologyinrecentyears.18.这些卫星定位系统提供方向来帮助人们到达他们想要去的地方。Thesesatellite-basedsystemsprovidedirectionstohelppeoplegetto_________________________togo.themostexcitingdevelopmentswheretheywant54三、用所给单词的适当形式完成句子。19.Thesportsmeetingwasagreat_____________(succeed).Manystudentsbroketherecordsofourschool.20.Peoplealwaysrememberthose_____________fortheir_____________(invent).21.Thehugetruckhaseight_____________(wheel).successinventorsinventionswheels5522.Shelooksmuch________(happy)today.Nowsheislookingatherson________(happy).23.Scientistshavefoundthatgoodnewscanspreadfasterand_________(far)thandisasters.24.Hetriedtoavoid_____________(say)anythingthatwouldgethimintotrouble.happierhappilyfarthersaying5625.Hewokeuptofind_____________(him)aloneinthehouse.26.Inolddays,_____________(transport)agreatdealofgoodswasahardjob.27.Thenewinventionsallowus_____________(do)newthingsthatwehaven’teverbeenabletodo.28.Inourschool,thenumberofstudents_____________(rise)now.himselftransportingtodoisrising基础知识同步训练10分钟57一、1runonland2travelfartherdistances3becontrolledbyvoice4usesolarpower5avoidtrafficjams6amoreexcitingexperience7fallasleep8bereadytodo9wakeup10heat...up

二、11the/atopspeedof12asfreeas13liveabetterlife14sobusythat15arecontrolledby16turninto17themostexcitingdevelopments18wheretheywant

基础知识同步训练10分钟58三、19success20inventors;inventions21wheels22happier;happily23farther24saying25himself26transporting27todo28isrising

06话题写作学案：伟大发明60

Throughouthistory,inventionshavemadeourliveseasierandmoreinteresting.Forexample,ThomasEdisoninventedthelightbulb,whichallowsustostudyatnight.AlexanderGrahamBellcreatedthetelephone,helpingpeoplecommunicateoverlongdistances.

Nowadays,studentslikeyoucanalsobeinventors!Imaginecreatingsomethingusefulforyourschoolorcommunity.Maybea“HomeworkRobot”tohelporganizetasksandsolveproblems,or“Eco-FriendlyLunchBoxes”thatcancleanthemselves.Goodinventionsmakeourlivesmoreconvenient!

Rememberthatthebestinventionsarecreative,usefulandeasytouse.Inconclusion,ourfuturedependsonyounginventors’creativeideas.一、以读促写

假设你是小发明家，你校科技节将于下周举办。请介绍你的原创发明向校英文网站投稿（如：智能清洁器、飞行书包、环保打印机等）。80词左右，开头已给出，不计入总词数。内容包括：1.发明物特征外形;2.相关用途;3.好处和总结。二、写作任务【灵感素材】【必备短语】写出相关重点短语1.解决这个问题 _____________2.节省时间 _____________3.环保材料 _____________4.通过APP控制 _____________5.靠太阳能运行 _____________6.提出主意 _____________7.减少浪费 _____________8.让生活更轻松 _____________1solvethisproblem2savetime3eco-friendlymaterials4controlthroughanapp5runonsolarpower6comeupwithideas7reducewaste8makelifeeasier【亮点句型】写出与短文有关句型。1.它由环保材料制成，所以对环境很友好。(Itismadefrom…,soit’s...)_____________________________________________________________________2.首先，它使用起来非常方便，通过手机APP就能轻松控制它。(First,itisconvenientto…by…)_____________________________________________________________________1.Itismadefromeco-friendlymaterials,soit’sgoodfortheenvironment.2.First,itisconvenienttousebycontrollingitthroughanapponyourphone.3.此外，当你启动它时，它会利用传感器寻找垃圾并清扫到垃圾箱里。(Besides,when…,itusessensorsto....)_____________________________________________________________________4.我想到这个主意是因为我想让忙碌的人们打扫变得更轻松。(Icameupwiththisideabecause...)_____________________________________________________________________3.Besides,whenyouturniton,itusessensorstofindtrashandsweepsitintoabin.4.IcameupwiththisideabecauseIwantedtomakecleaningeasierforbusypeople.

68【你的精彩】一篇好文要配上一手好字！

Myinventioniscalledthe“SmartCleaner”.Itisasmall,green,roundrobot.Itismadefromeco-friendlymaterials,soit’sgoodfortheenvironment.Ithasatouchscreenonthetopandsensorsallarounditsbody.First,itisconvenienttousebycontrolling

itthroughanapponyourphone.Besides,whenyouturniton,itusessensorstofindtrashandsweepsitintoabin.What’smore,itrunsonsolarpower,soitwillnotpollutetheair.IcameupwiththisideabecauseIwantedtomakecleaningeasierforbusypeople.Thissmartrobothelpssavetimeandreducewaste.WiththeSmartCleaner,lifewillbecomesimplerandmoreconvenient!07Grammar：

形容词的比较级和最高级与as...as70一、比较级和最高级不规则变化(初中常见)good/well—better—best

bad/badly/ill—worse—worst

many/much—more—mostold—older/elder—oldest/eldest

late—later/latter—latest/last

little—less—leastfar—farther/further—farthest/furthest

1.不规则变化71tired—moretired—mosttired

bored—morebored—mostbored

pleased—morepleased—mostpleased

2.单音节不规则变化72cruel—crueler—cruelest/morecruel—mostcruel

strict—stricter—strictest/morestrict—moststrictfriendly—friendlier—friendliest/morefriendly—mostfriendlyclever—cleverer—cleverest/moreclever—mostclever3.两种变化73二、as...as常见的几点用法1.as(否定句中可用so)+adj／adv+as…，意为：···和···一样。如：①Youare

astallasyourfather.

你与你的父亲一样高。

②Ican’trun

asfastasIusedto.

我不如以前跑得快了。742.as...as用于倍数表达，倍数置于第一个as之前，即，倍数+

as...as+

其他。如：①Thishouseistwiceasbigasthatone.这幢房子是那幢的两倍大。②Ittook

threetimesaslong

asIexpectedtofinishthework.完成这项工作花的时间是我预计的三倍。753.as+many/much+名词+as

如：

①Wewanttoinvite

asmanypeopleaspossibleinthecelebrations.我们想邀请尽可能多的人参加庆典。②Take

asmuchtime

asyoulike.

你想花多少时间就花多少时间。764.asmuch

/deep/tall/

heavy

...+as

+

数量(表度量衡、时间),用以强调而非比较，意为“多达···,深达...,高达···,重达···”等。如：①Someofthesefishcanweighasmuchas80kg.

一些鱼重达80公斤。②Therewere

asmanyas200peopleatthelecture.

听讲的有200人之多。77①

asquickly/much/soon/...

aspossible尽可能···如：

Tellhimaslittleaspossible.尽量少告诉他。②

assoonas引导时间状语从句，意为“一···就···”。如：

We’llcallyou

assoonaswearriveattheairport.

一到机场，我们就打电话给你。③

aslongas引导条件状语从句，意为“只要”。如：We’llgo

aslongastheweatherisgood.

只要天气好我们就去。【注】区别“和······一样久”。Ihaven’tknownhim

aslongasyou(haveknownhim).

我认识他的时间没有你长。④

aswellas引出并列成分，意为“除······之外；也；还”。如：He

agrees

with

you

as

well

as

me.

不但我同意你，他也同意你。【注】区别“和······一样好”。如：

Shedoesn’tplay

aswellashersister.她演奏得不如她姐姐好。三、as…as不表示比较的几个常见句型78一、基础与综合训练(根据句意，用所给提示词的正确形式填空。)1.Inmyopinion,yoursuggestionsare___________(bad)thanmine.2.Itis___________(bad)wayofalltoovercomethedifficulty.Itdoesn’tworkatall.3.Thehouseonthehillis___________(old)thanthatoneneartheriver.4.MyEnglishteacherisgreat.Nooneteaches_______(well)inourschool.5.Shehasan___________(old)brother.Heistwoyears___________(old)thanher.worsetheworstolderbetterelderolder796.Myhometownis___________(far)awayfromShenzhenthanyours.7.Theparentshavefourchildren.___________(old)childis26yearsoldthisyear.8.MysisterhasgonetotheUSAfor___________(far)study.9.The___________(much)junkfoodyoueat,the___________(bad)yourhealthwillbe.10.Tokeephealthy,weshouldeat___________(little)salt.farther/furtherTheeldest/oldestfurthermoreworseless8011.Manyboystudentsthinkmathis___________(little)difficultthanEnglish.12.Icouldn’tfeelany___________(bad)aftermyinterviewforthework.Ihardlyunderstoodmostofthequestionstheyasked.13.Nomountainintheworldisas___________(high)asQomolangma.14.Heisveryrich,butthatdayheboughtthe__________(cheap)biketosavemoneyforpoorchildren.lessworsehighcheapest8115.“FoodSafety”problemisbecoming___________and___________(bad)thesedays.Thegovernmentmustdosomethingtodealwithit.16.Thiskindofwatchismuch___________(cheap)todaythanlastmonth.Wouldyouliketohaveone?17.Playingvideogamesisawasteoftime.Thereare___________(many)meaningfulthingstodo.18.Thetalentshowisas___________(interesting)asthegameshow.Ilikeboth.19.Ajourneybytrainis___________(relaxing)thanbycoach.worseworsecheapermoreinterestingmorerelaxing8220.Ihavebeentoquiteafewrestaurants，butIcansaythisoneis___________(good).21.Lucyismuch___________(careful)thanLily.Youcanaskhertohelpwiththework.22.Shanghaiisoneof___________citiesintheworld.It’s___________thananyothercityinChina(big).23.AmongthefourseasoffthecoastofChina,EastChinaSeaisthesecond___________(deep).24.Asourchildrengetbigger,ourhouseseemstoget___________(small).thebestmorecarefulthebiggestbiggerdeepestsmaller8325.Boththepinkeveningdressandthewhiteonelookbeautiful，butIthinkthewhiteoneis___________(suitable).26.Theserviceisverywonderfulandtheweatherisquitefine.Wehaveneverhada___________(good)holidaybefore.27.Mollyis_________________(outgoing)girlofthethree.28.ThemovieZootopiais_________________(exciting)oneI’veeverseen.moresuitablebetterthemostoutgoingthemostexciting8429.The___________(much)youspeak,___________(good)yourEnglishwillbe.30.Heisalittle___________(thin)thanyou,butheisas___________(strong)asyou.31.Thisschoolbagisnotexpensive.Andthepriceofitisthe__________(low)ofthethree.morebetterthinnerstronglowest8532.YoushouldpracticemoretoimproveyourEnglish,thenyou’llbe__________(good)atit.33.Toliveagreenlife,weshouldtrytosave________(much)energyandproduce_______(little)pol