2025届高考英语一轮复习基础语法精讲及真题练习专题09主谓一致含解析

专题09主谓一样

高考分析

主谓一样的状况比较困难，考点也比较分散。可从两个方面来把握：L依据语

法一样和邻近一样的原则精确辨识作主语的中心词；2.依据意义一样原则深刻

理解主语表示的数。

一、主谓一样概览

（一）语法一样

用法例句

主语是单数，谓语动词用单数；主语是复Theresultsoftheresearchareto

数，谓语动词用复数bepublishedsoon.

复合不定代词someone,anyone,IfanyoneseesLisa,askherto

everyone,nobody/nocallme.

one,something,anything.everything,Nothingisimpossibletobea

mHhing等作主语，谓语动词用单数willingheail.

[名词复数]Eachofthestudentshasanapple.

eachof|thom/us/you|作主语时，Thestudentseachhaveanapple.

谓语动词用单数形式，但"we,you,they或

名词复数+each”作主语时，谓语动词用复

数形式

代词all作主语：若指人，谓语动词用复Allarcequalbeforethelaw.

数；若指事物或现象，谓语动词通常用单数Alliswellthatendswell.

不定式、动名词或从句作主语时，谓语动词Havingtochangetrainsisasma11

通常用单数inconvenience.

manya1Manyapageinthisbookis

thewholemissing.

eachThewho1enationisindeepsorrow.

every+单数名词作丰语谓语动

词单数

J

either

neither

（二）意义一样

用法例句

形式为单数但意义为更数概念的Thepolicehavenotmadeanyarrests.

police,cattle等作主语时，谓语动诃用复

数

表示一类人/物的theThericharetohelpthepoor.

poor/rich/dead/injuried/wounded等和ThegreensaregoingtoLondon.

“lhe+姓氏复数”作主语时，谓语动词用复

数

表示某国人的总成的theChinese,theTheChinesearehard-working.

British,theIrish等作主语时,谓语动词

用复数

诸如maths,physics,news等以"s"结尾Physicsismyfavoritesubjects.

却表示单数或不行数概念的名词作主语时，Badnewshaswings.

谓语动词用单数

单复数同形的名词sheep,deer,means,Threesheepareeatinggrassthere.

works（工厂）等作主语，谓语动词的数与Asheepislyingthere.

实际意义一样

集体名词family,class,crew,team,Theclassconsistsoftwenty-fiveboys

group,public,audience,committee,andtwentygirls.

government等作主语时,动词的单复数要依Theclassaredoingexperiments.

据主语所指的意义而定。当集体名词作为一

个整体看待时，谓语动词用单数：假如指其

中各个成员时，谓语动词用复数

（三）就近一样

1.由or,nor,either…or...»neither…nor…，notonly…but

also...等连接并列主语时，谓语动词的单复数与它接近的主语保持一样。

EitheryouorIamgoingtobeinchargeofthismatter.

2.therebe,herebe后接几个并列名词时，谓语be动词的数遵循就近原则。

Thereisanorangeandfourbananasleft.

（四）主谓一样的几个难点

（一）并列主语的主谓一样

1.当两个或两个以上作主语的单数名词用and,both...and连接，并表示两个不同

的概念时，谓语动词用复数形式。但and连接的并列名词假如表示同一人、事或概念，且

后面的名词前没有限定词,谓语动词用单数形式,如theneedleandthread,thefork

andknife,ironandsteel,mudandsand等。

Bothteaandcoffeearemyfavorites.

Thewriterandprofessor,whoIoftenrefertoatthemeetings,ispopu1ar

amongthosepeople.

2.由each,every,no,manya修饰的名词作主语时，即使有and连接多个并列主语,

谓语动词仍用单数形式。

Nosoundand（no）voicehasbeenheardforalongtime.

Everyboyandeverygirlistreatedinthesamewayinourschool.

（二）数词和量词作主语时的主谓一样

1.“分数+of/百分数+of分herestof/plentyof/themajorityof/lotsof/a

lotof/aquantityof+可数名词复数或不行数名词”作主语时，谓语动词的单复数一般

取决于of后名词的数。但quantitiesof...作主语时，谓语动词用复数。

Aboutonethirdofthebooksareworthreading.

Aquantityofwaterisneededforcoolingpurpose.

=Quantitiesofwaterareneededforcoolingpurpose.

2.“agreatdealof/alargeamountof+不行数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单

数。但largeamountsof...作主语，谓语动词用复数。

Alargeamountofgrainhasbeeneatenbybirds.

=Largeamountsofgrainhavebeeneatenbybirds.

3.anumberof,avarietyof修饰名词作主语时，谓语动词用复数；thenumber

of,thevarietyof后接名词作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Thenumberofthestudentsinourclassis50,andanumberofthemare

fromHebei.

Anumberofstudentshavegoneforanouting.

4.由kind,form,type,species,portion,series等修饰的主语，其谓语动词的

单复数取决于这些词的数，而不是它们后面所跟名词的数。

Somenewformsofartwerediscussedatthemeeting.

(三)其他状况的主谓一样

1.当主语后带有aswel1as,asmuchas,nolessthan,with,alongwith,

togetherwith,like,ratherthan,but,except,besides,including,inaddition

to等连接的成分时，谓语动词的单复数取决于前面主语的单更数。

Thehouse,includingthegardenandthepark,wassold.

1thinktheboss,ratherthantheworkers,wastoblamefortheloss.

2.在“oneof+复数名词+who/which/that”引导的定语从句中，定语从句的谓语动

词用复:数。one前面假如有theonly/vei、y修饰，定语从句的谓语动词用单数。

Thisisoneofthequestionsthathavebeenaskedbythestudents.

Heistheonlyoneoftheofficerswhowasinvitedtotheball.

3.“morethanone/manya(n)+单数可数名词”作主语时，谓语动词用单数。

Morethanoneboy1ikestoplaybasketbal1whilemanyagirlisgoodat

playingbaseball.

4.强调句itis/was...that/who…中,主句谓语总是用单数。

Itishewhotellsusthenews.

5.由两部分构成一个整体的物体名词如shoes,trousers,pants,jeans,glasses

等作主语时，谓语动词用复数。但假如这类名词前用了apairof,apieceof,akind

of,aseriesof等来修饰，谓语动词的单更数与表示计量单位的名词一样。

Histrousersaretoolongtowear.

Thispairofglasseswasfoundinthebag.

I.单句语法填空

1.(2024,全国卷I)Whilerunningregularlycan'tmakeyouliveforever,the

reviewsaysit(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglifethanwalking,

cyclingorswimming.

2.(2024,全国卷I)Fastfood(be)fulloffatandsalt;byeating

morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.

3.(2024,全国卷II)Leavingthelessimportantthingsuntiltomorrow

(be)oftenacceptable.

n.单句改错

1.（2024,全国卷IH）Theclassroomisaplaceforlearningandthatinclude

learningfromtextbooks,andmistakesaswell.

2.（2024•浙江高考）Hewouldaskwhowewasandpretendnottoknow

us.

3.（2024,全国卷II）Mydreamschoolstartsat8：30a.m.andends...My

dreamschoollooklikeabiggarden.

4.（2024•辽宁高考）Th。earlymorningbarkinghavebeendisturbingusaswe

areoftenupallnightwiththebaby.

5.（2024,陕西高考）Suddenlythearrowswasflyingdownatusfromthesky

—theylookedlikerain!

1.解析：is依据语境可知，此处叙述的是一般的客观事实，且本句中宾语从句与主

句的时态应保持一样，故运用一般现在时。it指代上一句的runningre