外研版英语选择性必修第一册　Unit 3　Fasterhigherstronger 教师用书

选择性必修第一册Unit3Faster，higher，strongerⅠ.阅读单词——会意1．backboardn．篮板2．bumpn．隆起之处v．碰撞，撞击；(into)撞见，不期而遇3．warriorn．武士，战士4．self-beliefn．自信5．hoopn．(篮球中的)篮圈6．yogan．瑜伽7．rollerskating滑旱冰8．spikern．(排球队的)扣球队员，主攻手9．quarter-finaln．四分之一决赛10．preliminaryadj.初步的；预备的11．comebackn．东山再起12．semi-finaln．半决赛13．ingredientn．(完成某事的)要素，因素；(烹饪用的)材料14．tournamentn．锦标赛Ⅱ.拼写单词——记形1．bouncev．(使)弹起，(使)反弹2．shotn．投球，射球，击球；射击；尝试，努力；注射；相片，(电影中的)镜头3．teammaten．队友4．footstepn．脚步声；足迹5．cheatv．欺骗；作弊n．骗子；欺诈(行为)6．remarkableadj.非凡的；不寻常的7．netn．网；球网；渔网；互联网adj.净(得)的，纯的8．burstv．(使)爆裂，(使)爆炸；猛冲；突然出现n．爆炸；迸发，突发9．vividadj.生动的，逼真的10．defeatv．战胜，打败n．击败，战胜；失败，战败11．seizev．夺取；抓住(机会、时间、实物等)；(情绪)突然侵袭12．teamworkn．合作，协作Ⅲ.拓展单词——悉变1．sharpenvt.使提高，使改进；使变锋利→sharpadj.尖锐的；锋利的；聪明的；急剧的adv.……整→sharplyadv.急剧地2．assignv．分配，分派→assignmentn．分配的任务3．surgeryn．外科手术→surgeonn．外科医生4．nerven．勇气，意志力；焦虑；神经→nervousadj.神经质的；紧张的→nervouslyadv.紧张地5．intenseadj.紧张的，激烈的；强烈的→intenselyadv.强烈地；非常→intensityn．强烈，激烈；强度6．associationn．协会，社团；联系→associatevt.把……联系起来vi.交往，结交n.同事，(生意)伙伴adj.副的→associatedadj.有关的，有联系的7．expectationn．预料，预期→expectv．预料，预计；期待→expectedadj.预期的，预料的→unexpectedadj.预料之外的→unexpectedlyadv.出乎意料地，意外地8．opponentn．(竞争、比赛等的)对手；反对者→opposevt.反对→opposedadj.反对的→oppositionn．反对，相反→oppositeadj.相反的；对面的prep.与……相对；在……对面9．cooperationn．合作，协作→cooperatev．合作，协作→cooperativeadj.合作的，协作的→cooperatorn．合作者10．philosophyn．人生哲学→philosophern．哲学家11．steelyadj.钢铁般的；坚定的→steeln．钢铁12．shinyadj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→shinev．(shone，shone)发光，发亮→shiningadj.发光的；闪亮的；值得钦佩的13．muddyadj.沾满泥的，泥泞的→mudn．泥积累——构词法学一法会一类1．前缀self-意为“自己的，自我”，也引申出“自动”的意思，在构词时，一般带有连字符(-)，而且不影响原单词的词性，如self-educated(自修的，自学的)，self-respect(自重，自尊)。当然self也会经常用来做后缀-self(自己)，如myself，yourself等。2．前缀semi-/hemi-都是“半”的意思，如semi＋circle＝semicircle(半圆)，hemi＋plegia＝hemiplegia(偏瘫，半身不遂)，semi＋conductor＝semiconductor(半导体)。3．后缀-y：(1)可以是形容词后缀，表示“多……的，有……的，如……的，属于……的(大多数加在单音节名词之后)”，如cloudy，rainy，bloody，silvery。(2)可以是名词后缀，①构成抽象名词，表示性质、状态、情况、行为；②表示人或物；③表示小称及爱称(部分词中与-ie通用)，如discovery(发现)；missy(小姑娘，小丫头)；auntie/aunty(姑姑、婶婶、阿姨的昵称)。(1)Theybecomeself-consciousanddon’twanttoappearstupid.刻意的，自己意识到的(2)Sheandother13self-appointedinvestigatorsidentify，measure，photograph，andreportonallformations.自己任命的，自封的(3)Anannualorevensemiannualevaluationisn’tenough.Theywanttoknowhowthey’redoingweekly，evendaily.半年的(4)Thatmakesearth，andinparticular，thenorthernhemisphere，warmer.半球(5)Thehotelhasanice，homeyatmosphereandattractsmanytouristseveryyear.舒适的；家庭似的(6)Mydaughterexclaimedexcitedly，“Look！Thereisacutebirdie.”小鸟Ⅳ.背核心短语1．afarcryfrom与……大不相同2．giveway倒塌，向下垮；让步，屈服(to)3．followinone’sfootsteps仿效某人；继承某人(尤指家人)的事业4．carryon继续5．beyondone’sexpectations超出某人的预期6．inarow连续地7．burstonto突然出现在……(指突然成功)8．payoff取得成功，得到回报；付清，还清(债务)9．inalldirections朝着四面八方10．asaresult结果；因此11．dayinanddayout日复一日12．setouttodosth开始做某事13．throwaway扔掉14．gowild兴奋，狂热15．beassignedto...被分配给……16．contributeto导致17．thanksto多亏了18．upsanddowns起起伏伏Ⅴ.悟经典句式1．Inthisway，practisingdayinanddayouthelpedStephensharpenhisskills.(动名词短语作主语)就这样日复一日地练习，斯蒂芬的篮球技术变得炉火纯青。2．Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer，Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople，includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches，tobetooshort，toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.(bethoughttodo...)尽管斯蒂芬父亲的职业生涯很成功，但是很多人，包括他的高中队友和教练，都认为他太矮、太瘦弱，无法延续他父亲的荣耀。3．HiscreativityandperseverancemadehimDavidson’sstarplayer.(make＋n./pron.＋n.)他凭借自己的创造性和毅力成为戴维森学院的明星球员。4．AndthereweseetheChineseplayersembracing，withtearsofhappinessintheireyes...(with的复合结构)我们看到中国队的队员们眼含幸福的热泪，相拥在一起……5．Atlast，showingastrongwillandthesteeliestnerves，theyplayedaclosematchagainstSerbiatoseizegoldinthefinal.(现在分词短语作状语)决赛时，虽然与塞尔维亚队比分胶着，但凭借着强大的决心和钢铁般的意志力，他们(中国队)最终勇夺桂冠。体验——析真题长句知高考难度(2025•全国二)Ifyou’veneverexperiencedthe“sunshinescent”fromasheetorshirtlefttosunforaday，well，you’remissingoutononeoflife’swonders.[句式分析]本句是主从复合句。if引导条件状语从句，此从句中lefttosunforaday为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰asheetorshirt；well为插入语；主句使用现在进行时，表示“当前持续的状态/影响”，强化“提醒与遗憾”的情感语气。[尝试翻译]如果你从未感受过晾晒了一整天的床单或衬衫所散发的“阳光味道”，那么，你可就错过了生活中的一大美妙体验。Ⅰ.重点单词(每空1分，共30分)1．teammaten．队友2．teamworkn．合作，协作3．footstepn．脚步声；足迹4．remarkableadj.非凡的；不寻常的5．netn．网；球网；渔网；互联网adj.净(得)的，纯的6．burstv．(使)爆裂，(使)爆炸；突然出现n.爆炸；迸发，突发7．bouncev．(使)弹起，(使)反弹8．vividadj.生动的，逼真的9．seizev．夺取；抓住(机会、时间、实物等)；(情绪)突然侵袭10．defeatv．战胜，打败n．击败；失败11．surgeryn．外科手术→surgeonn．外科医生12．opponentn．(竞争、比赛等的)对手；反对者→opposevt.反对→opposedadj.反对的→oppositionn．反对，相反→oppositeadj.相反的；对面的prep.与……相对；在……对面13．shinyadj.光滑发亮的，闪光的→shinev．(shone，shone)发光，发亮→shiningadj.发光的；闪亮的；值得钦佩的14．steelyadj.钢铁般的；坚定的→steeln．钢铁15．nerven．勇气，意志力；焦虑；神经→nervousadj.神经质的；紧张的→nervouslyadv.紧张地16．intenseadj.紧张的，激烈的；强烈的→intenselyadv.强烈地；非常→intensityn．强烈，激烈；强度17．philosophyn．人生哲学→philosophern．哲学家Ⅱ.单句语法填空(每空1分，共13分)1．Theknifeisnotsharpenoughsoitneedstobesharpened，whichIthinkwillsharplyimproveyourworkefficiency.(sharp)2．Shefinishedthetaskassignedtoheraheadoftimebutthebossgavehernewassignments，whichmadeherupset.(assign)3．Thetwocooperativegroupscooperatedwellwitheachotherandpromisedtostrengthentheircooperationinthefuture.(cooperate)4．Asexpected，allofusachievedourgoalsandmetourteachers’expectations.(expect)5．Afterawalkonthemuddy(mud)road，histrousersweredottedwithmud.6．AsacoachoftheFootballAssociation，heoftenassociateswithplayersandpaysspecialattentiontosolvingproblemsassociatedwiththeirmentalstate.(associate)Ⅲ.补全语段(句式仿写)(每题3分，共15分)IntheTableTennisTournament，Jackplayedseveralhighlydifficultloopballsinarowanditwasdifficultfortheopponenttoresist,1.makinghimthefirstEuropeanplayertowinthetournament(使他成为第一位赢得比赛的欧洲选手).2.Hisplayingtabletennissowell(他的乒乓球打得这么好)attractedtheInternationalTableTennisAssociation’sattention.He3.wasthoughttobe(被认为是)themostpromisingathlete,4.withmanysportingmiraclesinstoreforhim(未来在体育领域还会有许多奇迹等着他)．Inreality，itwashardtrainingandperseverancethat5.madehimasuccess/madehimasuccessfulperson(使他成了一个成功的人)andhisdeedsdovividlyexplainwhysuccesscomesfromdiligence.TheLocalSportsAssociationoftenorganizeseventstospreadsportsspirit，whichisthoughttogobeyondwinning.Athletes，whocarrytheexpectationoftheirteams，nevergivewaytounfairmeanstowin.Theytrainhardeveryday，andtheireffortsalwayspayoff—whetherintheformofamedalorpersonalgrowth.Evenwhenfacingstrongrivals，theyrespecttherulesandtheiropponents.Thiskindofspirit，theassociationbelieves，iswhattrulymakessportsmeaningfulandinspiringforeveryone.associationn．协会，社团；联系[associatevt.把……联系起来vi.交往，结交n.同事，(生意)伙伴adj.副的associatedadj.有关的，有联系的]•inassociationwith...与……联合/有关联•associate...with...使……与……联系起来associatewith...与……交往/联系•beassociatedwith...和……有关(1)Tomeetthestudents’expectations，theStudentAssociationistoorganizeanactivityassociatedwithEnglishliterature，whichcanremarkablysharpenstudents’literarylevels.(associate)(2)(2025•全国一，应用文写作)我更倾向于选择“校园趣事”这个栏目，它与校园生活紧密相关。首先，学生们常常会把学校生活和压力联系在一起，但这个栏目却能展现校园生活有趣的一面。此外，通过分享有趣的故事，这个栏目还能让我们经常和同学们交流互动。许多难忘的瞬间都与快乐紧密相关，这也让这个主题能引起每个人的共鸣。Iprefer“Funatmyschool”inassociationwithcampuslife.Firstly，studentsoftenassociateschoollifewithpressure，butthiscolumncanshowitsfunside.Besides，itwillletusassociatewithclassmatesfrequentlybysharinginterestingstories.Manymemorablemomentsarecloselyassociatedwithhappiness，makingthistopicresonatewitheveryone.expectationn．预料，预期(expectv．预料，预计；期待expectedadj.预期的，预料的unexpectedadj.预料之外的unexpectedlyadv.出乎意料地，意外地)•liveupto/meetone’sexpectations不负某人所望beyond/outofone’sexpectations出乎某人的意料；超出某人的预期•expect(sb)todosth预计/期望(某人)做某事asexpected正如所料；不出所料(1)(2023•新课标Ⅰ，读后续写)出乎意料的消息传来，我的文章受到了高度评价，这超出了我的预料，我惊讶得说不出话来。Unexpectednewscamethatmyessaywashighlythoughtof，whichwasbeyond/outofmyexpectationssomuchthatIwasstruckdumbwithastonishment.(2)(2025•全国一，读后续写)我过去一直期望哥哥能原谅我对托比的疏忽——毕竟，我们从小关系就很好。但不出所料，我之前的漠不关心让他感到难过，这也让他不愿主动联系我。IhadalwaysexpectedmybrothertoforgivemythoughtlessnessaboutToby—afterall，we’dbeenclosesincechildhood，butasexpected，hissadnessovermyunconcernkepthimfromreachingout.(3)(求职信)我的确渴望得到这个宝贵的机会，我深信我能达到你的期望。IdodesiretoobtainthispreciousopportunityandIholdthestrongbeliefthatIcanliveupto/meetyourexpectations.giveway倒塌，向下垮；让步，屈服(to)giveout放出，发出(光、热、声音等)；分发；公布；用完，耗尽giveoff放出，散发(光、热、气味等)giveaway免费赠送；泄露(秘密)giveup放弃；戒除givein屈服；投降用give短语的正确形式填空(续写之个人成长片段描写)Withthespotlightsoverhisheadgivingoffblindinglight，theboyheardthedisappointingresultgivenout.Hechokedbacktears，murmuring，“BynomeansshallIgiveway/intomytemporarydefeat.”Hetriedtokeepcalm，buthistremblingvoicegavehimaway.Hisparentskepthimcompanyquietly，convincedthatneverwouldhegiveup/wayuntilhemadeitandafterall，theirsonwithsteelynerveswouldcarryontrying.payoff取得成功，得到回报；付清，还清(债务)payfor为……而付钱；因……付出代价payback偿还；报复(1)Topayback/offhisfather’ssurgeryexpensesandpayforhisownschooling，myteammateseizedeverychancetomakemoneyontheweekends.(2)(2025•上海6月，书面表达)在那句名言的激励下，我把每一刻都视作学习的机会。久而久之，我的努力有了回报，至少我已经能自在地游泳了。Withthesayingkeepingmemotivated，Iviewedeachmomentasalearningopportunity.Overtime，myeffortspaidoff，andIbecameatleastcomfortablewithswimming.用法点拨payoff表示“得到回报”时，是不及物动词短语，无被动语态，且一般用表示事物的词作主语；表示“付清”时，是及物动词短语，用表示人的词作主语，有被动语态。bethoughttodo...Despitehisfather’ssuccessfulcareer，Stephenwasthoughtbymanypeople，includinghishighschoolteammatesandcoaches，tobetooshort，toothinandtooweaktofollowinhisfather’sfootsteps.尽管斯蒂芬父亲的职业生涯很成功，但是很多人，包括他的高中队友和教练，都认为他太矮、太瘦弱，无法延续他父亲的荣耀。sb/sthbethought/said/believed/expected/...todo/tobedoing/tohavedone人们认为/据说/人们相信/人们期望/……上述结构可转换为：Itisthought/said/believed/expected/...that...人们认为/据说/人们相信/人们期望/……(1)Myopponentsinthecomingpreliminarytournamentarethoughttobe(be)powerfulandexperienced，butIwon’tgiveway.(2)(2025•北京，书面表达)希望年轻人能积极参与减少一次性塑料的使用，因为环境保护已成为一个需要我们共同努力的全球性议题。Itisexpectedthatyoungpeopleshouldactivelyengageinreducingsingle-useplastics，asenvironmentalprotectionhasbecomeauniversalconcernthatdemandsourjointefforts.(3)Itissaidthathehasbeenawardedfirstprizeinthefiercespeechcontestorganizedbyourcity，whichiscompletelybeyondourexpectations.→Heissaidtohavebeenawardedfirstprizeinthefiercespeechcontestorganizedbyourcity，whichiscompletelybeyondourexpectations.(用sb作主语改写)1．Mysongotashot①byadoctorbecauseofabadcold.Afterrecoveringfromhisillness，hehadashot②attakingashot③atthegoalfromthehalfwaylineatthestadium，andluckily，hemadeit.Imanagedtogetsomegoodshots④ofwhatmysonwasdoing.①n.注射②n.尝试，努力③n.投球，射球，击球④n.照片2．Notonlydoestheguycheat①oldpeopleoutofmoneybuthealsocheats②inexaminations.Theteenagecheat③willbepunishedforhischeat④.①v.欺骗②v.作弊③n.骗子④n.欺诈(行为)3．Thewaterpipesinthebuildingcrackedandburst①；firefightersburst②intothebuildingtosavethosewhoweretrapped.Astheycarriedouttherescue，theyheardaburst③ofhorrorandworryfromthetrappedpeople.①v.爆裂，爆炸②v.猛冲③n.迸发，突发4．Theassociate①managerofthecompanyisgoodatassociating②withbusinessassociates③.Heassociates④makingmoneywithbetterinterpersonalrelationships.①adj.副的②vi.交往，结交③n.(生意)伙伴④vt.把……联系起来5．Theoverwhelmingnerves①beforethefinalspeechalmostmadeherfreeze，butshesummonedupallhernerve②tostepontothestageanddelivereditflawlessly.①n.焦虑②n.勇气，意志力提示：题干中加底纹词汇为上一单元词汇1．Theoldmanhopedthathissonwouldfollowinhisfootstepsandpersevere.2．Towinthecontestanddefeathisopponents，hesetouttosharpen(sharpen)hisskills.3．Thetwotoptennisplayerscompetedintensely(intense)inthefinalmatchofthenationaltournament.4．Whentheyoungpianistburstontotheinternationalstagewithherstunningperformance，shetriedhardtocalmhernerves.5．ThesunsetphototakenbyTomwasaremarkable(remark)shot，afarcryfromhislastone.6．Shehadplasticsurgeriesinarowtochangeherappearanceandslippedintodebt.7．Thecargotstuckinthemuddy(mud)ground，makingthedriverupset.8．Hiscalmresponsehelpedhimdefeattheotheropponents(oppose)andhestoodoutintheintensecontest.9．Iwasassignedtowork(work)withenthusiasticTominthecontest，whichfurtherstrengthenedourcompanionship.10．Muchtomydelight，Icouldcarryondoing(do)theprojectandIwasappreciativeofhissupport.Whenyoubumpintotroubleinyourlife，itseemsasifyouwerestrugglingonamuddyroad，withnegativethoughtsbouncinginyourmind.Givingwaytothedifficultiesisthe1.easiest(easy)waytosolvetheproblem.2.However/Nevertheless，youdon’twanttocheatyourself，becauseyoustronglywanttodefeatthedifficulties.3.Whatyoushouldkeepinmindisthatyouropponentisnotthedifficulty4.itself(it)butyourself.Whenyougothroughfailureinarow，youwillfind5.itimpossibletocarryonwithyourplan.Inmyopinion，seizingeverychance6.tosharpen(sharpen)yourselfisagoodwaytofacetheintensecompetition.Torelieveyourpressure，youcanpractiseyogaorrollerskating，takeshotsinthehoop，watchvividcartoonanimationsorwatchquarter-finals，semi-finalsaswellastournamentsandofcourseyoushouldpossessapositiveandoptimisticlifephilosophy，7.believing(believe)thatsuccesswillburstontoyourlife.Besides，cooperationandteamworkamongteammatesthatareimportantingredientsfor8.success(succeed)willmakeyouremarkable.Plus，ifyouactlikeawarriorwithsteelynerves，yourhardworkwill9.certainly(certain)payoff，youwillliveuptoyourownexpectationsandyouwillhaveacomeback.Lastbutnotleast，byfollowinginwinners’footstepsandbuildingupself-belief，youcancompletewhatyou10.areassigned(assign)todo.2025·江苏盐城一模假定你是李华，上周六你所在的城市举办了马拉松赛事，你参加了其中的迷你马拉松比赛。请你给美国朋友Alec写一封邮件分享这次经历，内容包括：1.参赛经过；2.你的收获。完成句子1．那是一次非常有意义且非凡的经历，我永远不会忘记。(such...that...;remarkable)ItwassuchameaningfulandremarkableexperiencethatI’llneverforget.2．这场迷你马拉松全程5公里，对于像我这样的跑步新手来说，是不小的挑战。(非限制性定语从句)Theracewas5kilometerslong，whichwasquiteachallengeforarunningbeginnerlikeme.3．下定决心打败其他对手，赛前一个月我努力训练，每天早上都跑步备战。(形容词作状语；现在分词作状语；defeat；opponent)Determinedtodefeatotheropponents，Itrainedhardforamonthbeforetheevent，runningeverymorningtoprepareforit.4．比赛当天，虽然一开始我落在了后面，但我还是凭借坚定的意志保持着稳定的节奏。(状语从句省略；steelynerve；carryon)Onthedayoftheevent，thoughleftbehindatthebeginning，Icarriedonasteadypacewithasteelynerve.5．一个月的高强度训练果然有了回报，我成功完成了比赛，这远远超出了我的预期。(intense，payoff，did＋动词原形；expectation)One-monthofintensetrainingdidpayoffandImanagedtocompletetheeventsuccessfully，whichwasfarbeyondmyexpectations.6．人们认为迷你马拉松能锻炼身体、磨砺意志，让我们变得强健且坚定。(bethoughttodo;sharpen;make＋宾语＋宾补)Mini-marathonisthoughttobuildourbodyandsharpenourwill，makingusstronganddetermined.组句成篇把以上句子用适当的过渡词语和过渡句组成一篇80个词左右的短文。参考范文DearAlec，I’mwritingtosharewithyouamini-marathonIparticipatedinlastSaturday.ItwassuchameaningfulandremarkableexperiencethatI’llneverforget.Theracewas5kilometerslong，whichwasquiteachallengeforarunningbeginnerlikeme.Determinedtodefeatotheropponents，Itrainedhardforamonthbeforetheevent，runningeverymorningtoprepareforit.Onthedayoftheevent，thoughleftbehindatthebeginning，Icarriedonasteadypacewithasteelynerve.One-monthofintensetrainingdidpayoffandImanagedtocompletetheeventsuccessfully，whichwasfarbeyondmyexpectations.Mini-marathonisthoughttobuildourbodyandsharpenourwill，makingusstronganddetermined.I’mreallyproudofmyselfforcompletingit.Doyouhavesimilarexperiences?Lookingforwardtoyoursharing.Yourssincerely，LiHua语料积累动作细节描写：“嘴”动“唇”动词块open-mouthed目瞪口呆的mouthdrops/hangswideopen张大嘴巴widenone’smouth咧开嘴coverone’smouth捂住某人的嘴one’sheartinone’smouth提心吊胆lickone’slips舔嘴唇purseone’slips噘嘴biteone’slip忍住话，抑制情感流露句型Shefroze，hermouthhangingopen.(独立主格)她呆住了，嘴张开着。Hermouthgrewstiffwithpainanddistress.疼痛和悲伤让她的嘴巴僵住了。Hestraightenedupandlookedatme，open-mouthed.(形容词作状语)他直起身看着我，目瞪口呆。Withasmileplayingaroundhismouth，herecalledthehappypastdays.(with的复合结构)嘴角挂着微笑，他回忆起过去的快乐时光。MymouthstartedwateringwhenIsmelledthefood.闻到食物的香味，我开始流口水了。Shebitherlowerliptokeepitfromtremblingbuttearsran/streamed/rolleddownhercheeks.她咬住下唇不让它颤抖，但泪水却顺着她的脸颊流下来。语料运用体育精神Atadistanceof200metersfromthefinishline，Iunfortunatelyfellontheground.Alltheaudienceweresoshockedthattheyfroze，①mouthshangingopen(独立主格)．Mymouthgrewstiffwithpainanddistress.②Ibitmylowerliptokeepitfromtremblingbuttearsstreameddownmycheeks.Unexpectedly，therunnerinfrontofmeturnedaround，tryingtoliftmeup.Iwidenedmymouthindisbelief.③Withasmileplayingaroundourmouths(with的复合结构)，wewalkedtowardsthefinishlinetogether.Alltheaudiencestoodupandburstintocheersandshouts.Itwaslikebeinghitbyahugewaveofexcitement.在距离终点线200米的地方，我不幸摔倒在地。所有的观众惊呆了，张着嘴巴。我的嘴因痛苦和悲伤而僵硬。我咬着下唇不让它颤抖，但是泪水却顺着脸颊流下来。没想到，跑在我前面的人转过身来，试图把我扶起来。我难以置信地咧着嘴。嘴角挂着微笑，我们一起向终点线走去。所有的观众都站了起来，大声欢呼起来，就像被一股兴奋的巨浪击中一样。单元主题组合练(分值：62.5分)Ⅰ.阅读理解(每小题2.5分，满分20分)A(2026·福建福州模拟)Areathletesnearingthelimitsofwhat’spossible?Aretheystrugglingtobreakrecords?Thehammerthrow(链球)，forexample，hasn’tseenanewworldrecordsince1986.Yet，athletesfrequently①outdothemselvesinothersports，suchasthe400-metresprint.Althoughprofessionalathletesoftenboastimpressivemuscles，simplyincreasingmusclemassdoesnotguaranteeimprovedathleticperformance.Thisispartlybecausemusclesloseefficiencyastheygrow.Moremusclemassproducesextraforce，butthebenefitsdecreaseasmusclemasscontinuestogrowandmuscleswilleventuallyapproachahardlimitonwhattheycanachieve.Anathlete’sdominantmusclefibretypealsosignificantlyimpactsperformance.Sprinters(短跑运动员)haveahighconcentrationoffast-twitchfibres(快肌纤维)incontrasttomarathonrunners，whohaveahighconcentrationofslow-twitchfibres.Fast-twitchfibresarericherinenergystores，producemorepowerfulmovementsand②tireusoutmorequicklythantheslow-twitchvariety.Thisdifferencesetsaspeedlimitonhigh-endurancesportslikelong-distancerunning.Musclessetaceilingonhowhardathletescanwork，butperformancealsodependsonwhatathletesdowiththeirmuscles.Inthe1968Olympics，DickFosburyusedaninnovativestrategyforthehighjump.Heturnedhisbodymid-flight，whichenabledhimtoleapoverthepolewithlesseffort.Fiveyearslater，DwightStonesperfectedthe“FosburyFlop”andbrokethehigh-jumpworldrecordusingthismethod.Technologicaladvancementsinsportswearalsosignificantlyboostperformance.Shoesequippedwithcarbon-platedinsoles(碳板鞋垫)cangiverunnersanadvantage.Thistypeoffootwearlimitsenergyloss，meaningtherunnerhastoputinlessworktorunfaster.WorldAthleticsallowsathletestocompetewiththeseshoesaslongasthesoftbaseisnohigherthanabout4centimeters，soit’spossiblethissportswearcouldleadtonewrunningrecords.Ultimately，whilemusclelimitationsexist，innovativetechniquesandadvancementsinsportswearcontinuetoredefineathleticpotential，suggestingthatrecords，evenseeminglyunbeatableones，mayyetbedefeated.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要探讨了运动员在接近体能极限时，如何通过创新技术和运动装备的进步来继续打破世界纪录的可能性。1．Howdoesthewriterintroducethetopic?A．Byraisingquestionsonathletes’concerns.B．Bylistingdifferentsportseventsdirectly.C．Byemphasizingtheefficiencyofmusclemass.D．Byanalyzingthelimitsofathleticperformance.答案A解析推理判断题。根据第一段中“Areathletesnearingthelimitsofwhat’spossible?Aretheystrugglingtobreakrecords？”可知，作者通过提出运动员所关心的两个问题来引入话题。故选A。2．Whatcanbelearnedaboutthemusclefibretypesaccordingtoparagraph3?A．Fast-twitchfibresareidealforMarathonrunners.B．Sprinterspossessmorefast-twitchfibresthanmarathonrunners.C．Slow-twitchfibresaremorepowerfulandtireusmorequickly.D．Themusclefibretypeonlyhasasmallimpactonperformance.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第三段中“Sprinters(短跑运动员)haveahighconcentrationoffast-twitchfibres(快肌纤维)incontrasttomarathonrunners，whohaveahighconcentrationofslow-twitchfibres.”可知，短跑运动员比马拉松运动员拥有更多的快肌纤维。故选B。3．Whydoestheauthormentionthe“FosburyFlop”？A．TopraiseStones’breakingtheworldrecord.B．Toreveallimitationsinhigh-jumptechniques.C．Toillustratethesignificanceofphysicalpeakinathletes.D．Toprovetheroleofcreativetechniquesinathleticperformance.答案D解析推理判断题。根据第四段中“Inthe1968Olympics，DickFosburyusedaninnovativestrategyforthehighjump.Heturnedhisbodymid-flight，whichenabledhimtoleapoverthepolewithlesseffort.Fiveyearslater，DwightStonesperfectedthe‘FosburyFlop’andbrokethehigh-jumpworldrecordusingthismethod.”可知，DickFosbury创新了跳高运动的姿势。五年后DwightStones利用“FosburyFlop”打破了世界纪录。由此可推知，作者提到“FosburyFlop”是为了证明创新性的技巧在帮助运动员的表现上起作用。故选D。4．Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A．Onlyspecificsportscanseenewrecords.B．Musclemassguaranteesathleticperformance.C．Musclelimitationsmakenewrecordsimpossible.D．Recordsmaybebrokenwithinnovationandtechnology.答案D解析主旨大意题。根据全文内容及最后一段“Ultimately，whilemusclelimitationsexist，innovativetechniquesandadvancementsinsportswearcontinuetoredefineathleticpotential，suggestingthatrecords，evenseeminglyunbeatableones，mayyetbedefeated.”可知，文章的整体观点是，尽管存在肌肉的生理限制，但通过技巧创新和运动装备的科技进步，仍旧有可能打破现有的运动纪录。由此可推知，“创新和科技的应用可能有助于打破纪录”是文章的主旨大意。故选D。语境猜词①outdo(合)＝out＋dov．超过，胜过②tiresbout使某人疲倦BAsachild，MollyEasterlinlovedplayingsports.Sports，Easterlinbelieves，underliemostofhergreatestsuccesses.Theytaughtherdisciplineandteamwork，helpedhermakefriendsandenabledhertonavigatethemanychallengesofgrowingup.WhenEasterlinbecameadoctor，shestartedseeingalotofchildrensufferingfromtrauma(心理创伤)．Manyofthesekidsdidn’trespondfullytotraditionaltreatmentfortrauma.Depressedandsearchingforanswers，Easterlinturnedtoherownpast.“Isuspectedthatsportsmighthaveapowerfulimpact，”shesays.Herresearch，publishedTuesday，findsthat，inshort，yes:Participationinteamsportsasayoungpersoncansignificantlyreducethelong-term①likelihoodofdepressionandanxietyforpeoplewithchildhoodtrauma.Toanalyzehowteamsportsimpactthehealthofpeoplewhohaveexperiencedchildhoodadversity(逆境)．Easterlinandhercolleaguesanalyzeddatafrom9,668teenswhoparticipatedintheNationalLongitudinalStudyofAdolescenttoAdultHealth.They②homedinonabout5,000teenswhohadreportedoneormoreadversechildhoodexperiences(ACEs)．Thekidswereassessedfirstin1994－1995whentheywereinseventhto12thgradeandaskedwhethertheyparticipatedinteamsports.Fourteenyearslater，in2008，thesesamepeople，nowadults，wereaskedwhethertheyhadeverreceivedadiagnosis(诊断)ofdepressionoranxiety.Theywerealsotestedfordepressivesymptomsincasetheyjusthadn’tbeendiagnosed.Easterlinfoundthatkidswhohadparticipatedinteamsportsweresignificantlylesslikelytoreceiveadiagnosisofdepressionoranxietyandlesslikelytotestpositivefordepressivesymptoms.Thestudyalsodoesn’tpointoutexactlywhysportsmayhelp，butEasterlinthinksteamworkmaybeakey.However，Easterlinsays，it’simportanttoconsideradditionalfactors，likeemotionalconnectionwithrelativesandasenseofsafetyandsupport.EasterlinalsonotesthatthestudydidnotdistinguishbetweenkidswithoneACEandthosewithmultipleACEs:ForkidswithmoreACEs，shethinkstheeffectofteamsportswouldverylikelyhavebeenevenmorepowerful，butitremainstobefurtherstudied.语篇解读本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了医生Easterlin研究发现团队运动可减轻童年创伤者遭受抑郁、焦虑的风险。5．Whatdoestheunderlinedword“underlie”inparagraph1mean?A．Stabilize. B．Facilitate.C．Relieve. D．Dismiss.答案B解析词义猜测题。根据第一段中“Sports，Easterlinbelieves，underliemostofhergreatestsuccesses.Theytaughtherdisciplineandteamwork，helpedhermakefriendsandenabledhertonavigatethemanychallengesofgrowingup.”可知，Easterlin认为运动教会了她自律和团队合作，帮助她结交朋友，还让她能够应对成长过程中的诸多挑战。所以Easterlin认为，运动是她大多数巨大成功的基础，促使她取得大多数重大成就。underlie与Facilitate“促进”意思相近，故选B。6．HowwastheNationalLongitudinalStudymainlyconducted?A．Bydoingquestionnairesurveys.B．Bysettingupexperimentalandcontrolgroups.C．Byreferringtoandcomparingwithotherresearchdata.D．Byconductinglong-termtrackingofresearchsubjects.答案D解析细节理解题。根据第五段中“Thekidswereassessedfirstin1994－1995whentheywereinseventhto12thgradeandaskedwhethertheyparticipatedinteamsports.Fourteenyearslater，in2008，thesesamepeople，nowadults，wereaskedwhethertheyhadeverreceivedadiagnosis(诊断)ofdepressionoranxiety.”可知，NationalLongitudinalStudy主要是通过对研究对象进行长期跟踪来进行的。故选D。7．Whatmightplayakeyroleinsports’impactaccordingtoEasterlin?A．Timemanagement. B．Teamwork.C．Exerciseintensity. D．Gender.答案B解析细节理解题。根据第六段中“Thestudyalsodoesn’tpointoutexactlywhysportsmayhelp，butEasterlinthinksteamworkmaybeakey.”可知，Easterlin认为团队合作可能是关键。故选B。8．Whatdoesthelastparagraphfocuson?A．Theillustrationoftheresearch’spossiblelimitations.B．Themethodologyoftheresearchonadolescenthealth.C．Thesignificanceofsportsintreatingchildhoodtrauma.D．Theconnectionbetweenteamsportsandreduceddepression.答案A解析段落大意题。根据最后一段“However，Easterlinsays，it’simportanttoconsideradditionalfactors...thestudydidnotdistinguishbetweenkidswithoneACEandthosewithmultipleACEs:ForkidswithmoreACEs，shethinkstheeffectofteamsportswouldverylikelyhavebeenevenmorepowerful，butitremainstobefurtherstudied.”可知，最后一段主要说明此研究可能的局限性。故选A。语境猜词①likelihood(派)＝likel(y)＋ihoodn．可能，可能性②homeinon把(思想、注意力)集中于Ⅱ.七选五(每小题2.5分，满分12.5分)Pilates(普拉提)，developedbyJosephPilatesintheearly20thcentury，hasgainedwidespreadpopularity.Itchallengesthebodyinwhateverydaymovementsrarelydo，promotingoverallhealthandfunctionalfitness.1Consequently，itis①accessibletoallfitnesslevels.TheprimaryadvantageofPilatesliesinimprovingflexibilityandcorrectingmuscular②imbalances.Dailyroutinesofteninvolverepetitivemotionslikebendingforward，butPilatesintroducesmovementschallengingthespine(脊柱)andmusclesdifferently.2Forinstance，side-to-sidespinalmovementsorcontrolledextensionsboostflexibilityandposture.3A2015studyfoundthatPilateswaseffec