2026年四川省人教版初中英语第3单元语法专项训练习题

2026年四川省人教版初中英语第3单元语法专项训练习题一、单项选择题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中动词时态使用正确的一项。A.Sheoftengoestothelibrarybecauseshereadbooksthereeveryday.B.MybrotherwasplayingbasketballwhenIcalledhimat5PMyesterday.C.Theyhavelivedinthistownforthreeyearsbuttheydidn’tlikeit.D.TheteachertoldusthatthestudentswillfinishtheprojectnextMonday.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"read"应改为"reads"以保持时态一致；选项C中"didn’tlike"应改为"don’tlike"以匹配"havelived"的现在完成时态；选项D中"willfinish"应改为"wouldfinish"以表达虚拟语气。选项B正确使用了过去进行时描述过去某个时间点正在进行的动作。2.根据第3单元语法规则，选择下列句子中冠词使用正确的一项。A.Thereisabookonthetablewhichisinteresting.B.Iboughtsomebreadandtwoapplesatthesupermarketyesterday.C.Shegoestoschoolbybuseverydaybutshedoesn’thaveacar.D.Mysisterhasthreebrothersandtheyareallstudentsinseniorhighschool.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"aninteresting"应改为"aninteresting"以正确修饰单数可数名词；选项C中"doesn’thaveacar"应改为"doesn’thaveacar"以避免重复使用不定冠词；选项D中"threebrothers"前不应加冠词。选项B正确使用了不定冠词"some"修饰可数名词复数。3.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中介词使用正确的一项。A.Thetrainleavesfromthestationat8o’clockinthemorning.B.Sheisinterestedinplaysbutshedoesn’tlikewatchingmovies.C.MyfatherwenttoAmericaonbusinesslastmonthbuthereturnedatChristmas.D.Thelibraryisnexttotheschoolsoitisveryconvenientforstudentstoborrowbooks.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"leavesfrom"应改为"leavesat"以表示具体时间；选项B中"interestedinplays"应改为"interestedinplay"以使用单数可数名词；选项C中"returnedatChristmas"应改为"returnedonChristmas"以表示具体日期。选项D正确使用了介词"nextto"表示位置关系。4.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中形容词和副词使用正确的一项。A.ThisisthemostbeautifulflowerIhaveeverseeninmylife.B.ShespeaksEnglishverygoodandsheisafastrunnerinourclass.C.ThemoviewassoboringthatIfellasleepafteronlytenminutes.D.Hisbrotheristallerthanmeandhealwaysdoeshishomeworkmorecarefulthananyoneelse.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"mostbeautiful"应改为"mostbeautiful"以匹配最高级用法；选项B中"verygood"应改为"verywell"以修饰动词；选项D中"morecareful"应改为"morecarefully"以修饰动词。选项C正确使用了形容词"boring"和"so...that"句型。5.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中时态使用正确的一项。A.WhenIarrivedattheparty,mysisterwasalreadycookeddinner.B.TheyhavebeentoLondontwicebuttheydidn’tliketheweatherthere.C.Mymotherwillcallmeassoonasshefinishesherworktomorrow.D.Thestudentswerestudyingfortheexamwhentheteacherenteredtheclassroom.参考答案：C解析：选项A中"cooked"应改为"hadcooked"以表示过去完成时；选项B中"didn’tlike"应改为"didn’tlike"以匹配"havebeento"的现在完成时态；选项D中"werestudying"应改为"werestudying"以表示过去进行时。选项C正确使用了将来时态"willcall"和"assoonas"引导的时间状语从句。6.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中代词使用正确的一项。A.MyfriendandIwenttothezoolastweekendandwesawmanyanimalsthere.B.ThisbookismoreinterestingthanthatonewhichIborrowedfromthelibrary.C.SheaskedmeifIhadfinishedmyhomeworkbutIdidn’tknow.D.Everystudentinourclasshasacomputerbutnotallofthemuseiteffectively.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"we"应改为"we"以保持主语一致；选项B中"thatone"应改为"thatbook"以避免代词指代不清；选项C中"Ididn’tknow"应改为"Ididn’tknow"以匹配"hadfinished"的过去完成时态。选项D正确使用了代词"they"和"them"指代复数主语。7.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中连词使用正确的一项。A.Sheissmartandsheishardworking,soshealwaysgetsgoodgrades.B.Althoughitwasraining,theywentforawalkbecausetheywantedtoenjoythefreshair.C.Hedidn’tstudyforthetestbuthepasseditbecauseheislucky.D.ThemoviewasboringorIwouldhavestayeduntiltheend.参考答案：A解析：选项B中"although"和"because"不能同时使用，应改为"but"或"so"；选项C中"but"和"because"不能同时使用，应改为"so"或"and"；选项D中"or"应改为"if"以表达条件关系。选项A正确使用了"and"和"so"表示并列和因果关系。8.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中固定搭配使用正确的一项。A.IamlookingforwardtovisityounextmonthbutIdon’tknowifIcango.B.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepianoandshepracticeseveryday.C.Mybrotherisgoodattoswimbuthedoesn’tlikewatersports.D.Theteacheraskedustofinishtheprojectbyhandinsteadofoncomputer.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"lookforwardto"后应接动名词"visiting"；选项C中"goodat"后应接动名词"swimming"；选项D中"byhand"和"oncomputer"重复，应改为"byhand"或"onthecomputer"。选项B正确使用了"interestedin"和"practices"的固定搭配。9.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中句子结构使用正确的一项。A.IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldpasstheexamlasttime.B.Shesaidthatshewastiredbecauseshehadtofinishthehomeworkallnight.C.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinterestingandittellsastoryaboutagirl.D.Althoughheisyoung,heknowsalotabouthistoryandscience.参考答案：D解析：选项A中"wouldpass"应改为"wouldhavepassed"以表示虚拟语气；选项B中"allnight"应改为"allnight"以表示具体时间；选项C中"which"应改为"that"以修饰单数可数名词。选项D正确使用了"although"引导的让步状语从句和并列结构。10.根据第3单元语法内容，选择下列句子中非谓语动词使用正确的一项。A.Isawagirlwhoissingingintheparknow.B.Shewenttothestoretobuysomemilkandsheforgottobringherwallet.C.ThebookwhichIrecommendedtoyouisveryusefulforyourstudy.D.Mybrotherhasfinishedtheworkwhichhewasgivenyesterday.参考答案：B解析：选项A中"issinging"应改为"sings"以保持时态一致；选项C中"which"应改为"that"以修饰单数可数名词；选项D中"wasgiven"应改为"wasgiven"以表示被动语态。选项B正确使用了不定式"tobuy"和"tobring"表示目的。二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Mysisterisinterested______(do)puzzlesinherfreetime,andsheoftenspendshourscompletingthem.参考答案：indoing解析：固定搭配"beinterestedindoingsth"表示对做某事感兴趣。2.IfyouwanttoimproveyourEnglish,youshouldpractice______(speak)Englishasmuchaspossible.参考答案：speaking解析：固定搭配"practicedoingsth"表示练习做某事。3.Theteacheraskedus______(finish)ourhomeworkbeforewecouldgohome.参考答案：tofinish解析：动词不定式"todo"表示目的或被要求做某事。4.Althoughitwasraining,theydecided______(go)forawalkinthepark.参考答案：togo解析：动词不定式"todo"表示计划或决定做某事。5.Mybrotherisgood______(play)theguitar,andheoftenplaysitforus.参考答案：atplaying解析：固定搭配"begoodatdoingsth"表示擅长做某事。6.Sheislookingforward______(see)herfriendsnextweek,andshehasalreadyboughtagiftforthem.参考答案：tosee解析：固定搭配"lookforwardtodoingsth"表示期待做某事。7.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinteresting,andittellsastoryaboutagirl______(save)hervillagefromaflood.参考答案：whosaved解析：定语从句中关系代词"who"指代先行词"girl"，并在从句中作主语。8.IfIhadstudiedharder,I______(pass)theexamlasttime,butIdidn’tpreparewell.参考答案：wouldhavepassed解析：虚拟语气中，与过去事实相反的假设用"wouldhavedone"。9.Theboy______(play)basketballintheparkeveryafternoonismyneighbor.参考答案：whoplays解析：定语从句中关系代词"who"指代先行词"boy"，并在从句中作主语。10.Mysisterisinterested______(read)books,andsheoftengoestothelibrarytoborrownewones.参考答案：inreading解析：固定搭配"beinterestedindoingsth"表示对做某事感兴趣。三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Shegoestoschoolbybuseveryday,butshedoesn’thaveacar.（×）解析：句子语法正确，但与第3单元语法重点（如冠词、介词）无关，故判断为错误。2.Thetrainleavesatthestationat8o’clockinthemorning.（×）解析：介词使用错误，应为"leavesfromthestation"，故判断为错误。3.Mybrotheristallerthanmeandhealwaysdoeshishomeworkmorecarefulthananyoneelse.（×）解析：形容词比较级使用错误，应为"morecarefully"，故判断为错误。4.Shesaidthatshewastiredbecauseshehadtofinishthehomeworkallnight.（√）解析：句子语法正确，符合第3单元语法重点（如时态、连词），故判断为正确。5.ThebookwhichIboughtyesterdayisveryinterestingandittellsastoryaboutagirl.（√）解析：句子语法正确，符合第3单元语法重点（如定语从句），故判断为正确。6.IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldpasstheexamlasttime.（×）解析：虚拟语气使用错误，应为"wouldhavepassed"，故判断为错误。7.IamlookingforwardtovisityounextmonthbutIdon’tknowifIcango.（×）解析：固定搭配使用错误，应为"tovisit"，故判断为错误。8.Theboywhoplaysbasketballintheparkeveryafternoonismyneighbor.（√）解析：句子语法正确，符合第3单元语法重点（如定语从句），故判断为正确。9.Sheisinterestedinplayingthepianoandshepracticeseveryday.（√）解析：句子语法正确，符合第3单元语法重点（如固定搭配），故判断为正确。10.Althoughitwasraining,theywentforawalkinthepark.（√）解析：句子语法正确，符合第3单元语法重点（如连词），故判断为正确。四、简答题（总共8题，每题2分，共16分）1.请解释第3单元中"lookforwardtodoingsth"和"lookforwardtosth"的区别。解析：-"lookforwardtodoingsth"表示期待做某事，其中"doing"是动名词，如"lookforwardtoseeingyou"。-"lookforwardtosth"表示期待某事物，其中"sth"是名词，如"lookforwardtoagoodweekend"。区别在于动词不定式与动名词的用法。2.请解释第3单元中"although"和"but"的用法区别。解析：-"although"引导让步状语从句，表示转折关系，前后句子主谓一致，如"Althoughitwasraining,wewentout"。-"but"引导并列句，表示转折关系，前后句子主谓一致，如"Wewentout,butitwasraining"。区别在于从句位置和连接方式。3.请解释第3单元中"goodatdoingsth"和"goodatsth"的区别。解析：-"goodatdoingsth"表示擅长做某事，其中"doing"是动名词，如"goodatplayingbasketball"。-"goodatsth"表示擅长某领域，其中"sth"是名词，如"goodatmath"。区别在于动词不定式与动名词的用法。4.请解释第3单元中"if"引导的虚拟语气用法。解析：-与现在事实相反：IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder.-与过去事实相反：IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.-与将来情况相反：Ifitrainedtomorrow,wewouldstayathome.虚拟语气表示假设情况。5.请解释第3单元中"so...that"句型的用法。解析：-"so+形容词/副词+that+从句"表示结果，如"ThisbookissointerestingthatIreaditallnight."-"so+主语+动词+that+从句"表示结果，如"Herunssofastthatnoonecancatchhim."区别在于主句结构。6.请解释第3单元中"which"和"that"在定语从句中的用法区别。解析：-"which"指代物或整句话，如"ThebookwhichIboughtisinteresting."-"that"指代物或人，如"ThebookthatIboughtisinteresting."区别在于指代对象和从句位置。7.请解释第3单元中"祈使句+and+陈述句"的用法。解析：-表示条件关系，如"Studyhard,andyouwillpasstheexam."-前半句为祈使句，后半句为必然结果。8.请解释第3单元中"固定搭配"在英语学习中的重要性。解析：-固定搭配是语言习惯的体现，如"lookforwardtodoingsth"、"begoodatdoingsth"。-掌握固定搭配能提高语言表达的准确性和地道性。五、应用题（总共8题，每题4分，共24分）1.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：Hedidn’tstudyforthetest,buthepassedit.改写：Althoughhedidn’tstudyforthetest,hepassedit.解析：用"although"引导让步状语从句，保持时态一致。2.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：Sheisinterestedinreadingbooks,andsheoftengoestothelibrary.改写：Sheisinterestedinreadingbooks,sosheoftengoestothelibrary.解析：用"so"引导结果状语从句，表示因果关系。3.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldpasstheexamlasttime.改写：IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexamlasttime.解析：用"wouldhavedone"表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气。4.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：Theboywhoplaysbasketballismyneighbor.改写：Theboy,whoplaysbasketball,ismyneighbor.解析：用非限制性定语从句补充信息，用逗号隔开。5.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：Iamlookingforwardtovisityounextweek.改写：Iamlookingforwardtovisitingyounextweek.解析：固定搭配"lookforwardtodoingsth"中"doing"是动名词。6.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：Shesaidthatshewastiredbecauseshehadtofinishthehomeworkallnight.改写：Shesaidthatshewastiredbecauseshehadtofinishthehomeworkallnight.解析：句子语法正确，无需改写。7.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：ThebookwhichIboughtisveryinteresting.改写：ThebookthatIboughtisveryinteresting.解析：用"that"引导定语从句，指代物。8.请根据以下情景，用第3单元语法知识改写句子。原句：Heisgoodattoswim.改写：Heisgoodatswimming.解析：固定搭配"begoodatdoingsth"中"doing"是动名词。【标准答案及解析】一、单项选择题1.B2.B3.D4.C5.C6.D7.A8.B9.D10.B二、填空题1.indoing2.speaking3.tofinish4.togo5.atplaying6.tosee7.whosaved8.wouldhavepassed9.whoplays10.inreading三、判断题1.×2.×3.×4.√5.√6.×7.×8.√9.√10.√四、简答题1.解析：-"lookforwardtodoingsth"表示期待做某事，其中"doing"是动名词，如"lookforwardtoseeingyou"。-"lookforwardtosth"表示期待某事物，其中"sth"是名词，如"lookforwardtoagoodweekend"。区别在于动词不定式与动名词的用法。2.解析：-"although"引导让步状语从句，表示转折关系，前后句子主谓一致，如"Althoughitwasraining,wewentout"。-"but"引导并列句，表示转折关系，前后句子主谓一致，如"Wewentout,butitwasraining"。区别在于从句位置和连接方式。3.解析：-"goodatdoingsth"表示擅长做某事，其中"doing"是动名词，如"goodatplayingbasketball"。-"goodatsth"表示擅长某领域，其中"sth"是名词，如"goodatmath"。区别在于动词不定式与动名词的用法。4.解析：-与现在事实相反：IfIwereyou,Iwouldstudyharder.-与过去事实相反：IfIhadstudiedharder,Iwouldhavepassedtheexam.-与将来情况相反：Ifitrainedtomorrow