大学英语四级模拟试卷580

大学英语四级模拟试卷580

一、作文（本题共7题，每题7.0分，共7分。）

I、Forthispart,youareallowed30minutestowriteanessayaboutCross-Campus

SelectiveCourses.Youshouldwriteatleast120wordsfollowingtheoutlinegivenbelow

inChinese:

Cross-CaBpusSelective2002(nuaberof2005(nu*berof

Coursesstudents)student)

Law1739

Finance1941

BusinessAdministration2042

Japanese1423

1.上图所示为2002年和2005年某高校学生跨校选修课的情况，请描述其变化

2.请说明发生变化的原因3.你认为目前高校学生跨校选修课还有哪些困难和问

题

标准答案：Cross-CampusSelectiveCourses[I]Asisshowninthetablethat[2]

thenumberofstudentschoosingcross-campusselectivecourseshasexperiencedasharp

rise[3]duringthefour-yearperiodfrom2002to2005.[4]StudentsselectingLaw,

FinanceandBusinessAdministrationdoubled,withthenumberofstudentschoosing

Japaneseenjoyingaminorincreasefrom14to23.[5]Tworeasonscouldaccountfor

it.[6]Firstly,universitystudentsareincreasinglyawaretoaddtotheircompetitive

advantages.[7]Secondly,withthejobmarketgrowingtighter,morestudentschoose

someutilitariancoursessoastomeetthedemandsofsocialdevelopment.[8]

However,thereareproblemsinthisaspect.[9]Foronething,thereisalongdistance

betweentheuniversitiesofferingselectivecoursesandthe[10]AlmaMater.[11]

Thetiringjourneylaysaheavyburdenonstudents,body,thusaffectsourstudy.[12]

Foranother,theselectivecoursesarealwaysintheformoflectures,[13]whichwill

hardlydevelopstudents,practicalabilities.

知识点解析：【1】图表描述要点1：描述趋势，引入时间段。【4】图表描述要

点2：引人数据，用wilh引导的独立主格结构进行对比说明，结构紧凑明了。

【5】用accountfor引出具体原因。【6】【7】Firstly和Secondly的运用，使层次

清晰。【8】用However笔锋一转，开始论述相关问题。【9][12]Forone

thing和Foranolher体现层次。【10】AlmaMaier表示母校，是语言运用上的亮点.

二、快速阅读理解（本题共10题，每题1.0分，共10

分。）

YouAreWhatYouThinkDoyouseetheglassashalf-fullratherthanhalf-empty?Do

youkeepyoureyeuponthedough-nut（汕炸圈饼），notuponthehole?Suddenlythese

cliches（陈词滥调）arescientificquestions,asresearchersscrutinizethepowerofpositive

thinking.Afast-growingbodyofresearch—104studiessofar,involvingsome15,000

people-isprovingthatoptimismcanhelpyoutobehappier,healthierandmore

successful.Pessimismleads,bycontrast,tohopelessness,sicknessandfailure,andis

linkedtodepression,lonelinessandpainfulshyness.MIfwecouldteachpeopletothink

morepositively,"sayspsychologistCraigA.AndersonofRiceUniversityinHouston,"it

wouldbelikeinoculaling（接种）themagainstthesementalills."1.Influenceontheir

abilities"Yourabilitiescount,"explainspsychologistMichaelF.ScheierofCarnegie-

MellonUniversityinPittsburgh,"butthebeliefthatyoucansucceedaffectswhetheror

notyouwill."Inpart,that'sbecauseoptimistsandpessimistsdealwiththesame

challengesanddisappointmentsinverydifferentways.Take,forexample,yourjob.Ina

majorstudy,psychologistMartinE.P.SeligmanoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaand

colleaguePeterSchulmansurveyedsalesrepresentativesattheMetropolitanLife

InsuranceCo.Theyfoundthatthepositivethinkersamonglong-timerepresentatives,

sold37percentmoreinsurancethandidthenegativethinkers.Ofnewlyhired

representatives,optimistssold20percentmore.Impressed,thecompanyhired100

peoplewhohadfailedthestandardindustrytestbuthadscoredhighonoptimism.These

peoplewhomightneverhavebeenhired,sold10percentmoreinsurancethandidthe

averagerepresentatives.Howdidtheydoit?Thesecrettoanoptimist'ssuccess,

accordingtoSeligman,isinhis"explanatorystyle".Whenthingsgowrongthepessimist

tendstoblamehimself."I'mnogoodatthis,"hesays,'Ialwaysfail."Theoptimistlooks

forotherexplanations.Heblamestheweather,thephoneconnection,eventheother

person.Thatcustomerwasinabadmood,hethinks.Whenthingsgoright,theoptimist

takescreditwhilethepessimistthinkssuccessisduetoluck.Negativeorpositive,itwas

aself-fulfillingprophecy（预言能力）."Ifpeoplefeelhopeless,nsaysAnderson,"they

don'tbothertoacquiretheskillstheyneedtosucceed.*'Asenseofcontrol,accordingto

Anderson,istherealtestforsuccess.Theoptimistfeelsincontrolofhisownlife.If

thingsaregoingbadly,heactsquickly,lookingforsolutions,forminganewplanof

action,andreachingoutforadvice.Thepessimistfeelslikeatoyoffateandmoves

slowly.Hedoesn'tseekadvice,sinceheassumesnothingcanbedone.2.Influenceon

theirhealthOptimistsmaythinktheyarebetterthanthefactswouldjustify-and

sometimesthat'swhatkeepsthemfromgettingsick.Inalong-termstudy,researchers

examinedthehealthhistoriesofagroupofHarvardgraduates,allofwhomwereinthe

tophalfoftheirclassandinfinephysicalconditions.Yetsomewerepositivethinkers,

andsomenegative.20yearslater,thereweremoremiddlc-agcdiseasesamongthe

pessimiststhantheoptimists.Manystudiessuggestthatthepessimists'feelingof

helplessnessunderminesthebody'snaturaldefenses,theimmunesystem.Dr.Christopher

PetersonoftheUniversityofMichiganhasfoundthatthepessimistdoesn'ttakegood

careofhimself.Feelingpassiveandunabletoavoidlife'sblows,heexpectsillhealthand

othermisfortunes,nomatterwhathedoes.Heeatsunhealthyfood,avoidsexercise,

ignoresthedoctor,hasanotherdrink.3.Whatunderlinespessimismandoptimism?Most

peopleareamixofoptimismandpessimism,butareinclinedinonedirectionorthe

other.Itisapatternofthinkinglearnedfromearlychildhood,saysSeligman.Itgrowsout

ofthousandsofcautionsorencouragement,negativestatementsorpositiveones.Too

many"don'ts"andwarningsofdangercanmakeachildfeelincompetent,fearful一and

pessimistic.Astheygrow,childrenexperiencesmalltriumphs,suchaslearningtotie

shoelaces（鞋带）.Parentscanhelpturnthesesuccessesintoasenseofcontrol,andthat

breedsoptimism.4.ChangingfromapessimisttoanoptimistPessimismisahardhabit

tobreak—butitcanbedone.Inaseriesofstudies,Dr.CarolDweekoftheUniversityof

Illinoishasbeenworkingwithchildrenintheearlygradesofschool.Asshehelps

studentstochangetheexplanationsfortheirfailures-from"Imustbedumb"to"Ididn't

studyhardenough",theiracademicperformanceimproves.So,ifyou'reapessimist,

there'sreasonforoptimism.Youcanchange.Here'show,saysSteveHollon,a

psychologistatVanderbiltUniversity:I.Paycarefulattentiontoyourthoughtswhenbad

thingshappen.Writedownthefirstthingthatcomestomind,withoutanychangesor

corrections.2.Nowtryanexperiment.Dosomethingthat'scontrarytoanynegative

reactions.Let'ssaysomethinghasgonewrongatwork.Doyouthink,Ihatemyjob,butI

couldnevergetabetterone?Actasifthatweren'tso.Sendoutresumes.Goto

interviews.Lookintotrainingandcheckjobinformation.3.Keeptrackofwhathappens.

Wereyourfirstthoughtsrightorwrong?"Ifyourthoughtsarcholdingyouback,change

them,'1saysHollon."It'strialanderror,noguarantees,butgiveyourselfachance."

Positivethinkingleadstopositiveaction—andreaction.Whatyouexpectfromtheworld,

theevidencesuggests,iswhatyou'relikelytoget.

2、Thepassagesummarizesthepositiveeffectsofoptimism.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：此题显然是归纳综合题。这类题如前所述，一般在第1、2段或最后

一段能找到主题句。对比分析题目和原文，可以看出原文不但谈到乐观主义的有利

影响，而且论述了悲观主义的不利影响。而题目却谢，文章总结了乐观主义的有利

影响”，以偏概全，所以答案为N。

3、Optimistsandpessimistsdifferintheirfocuswhentheylookatthesamething.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：对比分析题目和原文，可以看出题目和原文用词不一样，但意思一

致，所以答案是Y。

4^Optimistsdonotblamethemselveswhenthingsgowrong.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：A

知识点解析：原文说“当出现差错时，悲观者往往责备自己……乐观者则寻求别的

原因。他会抱怨天气、电话不通、甚至是其他人……”；题目为“乐观主义者在出了

差错时并不责备自己“，二者意思一致，由此可见，答案为Y。

5、Pessimismweakensmentalabilityaswellasphysicalhealth.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：C

知识点解析：此部分第2段讨论了悲观主义对健康的影响，其第I句提到会破坏人

体的免疫力，即影响physicalheallh,而题目增加了menialability这个无关信息，

所以答案为NG。

6、Mostpeoplearehalfoptimistsandhalfpessimists.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：B

知识点解析：通过对比可以看出题目和原文的后半句不符，所以答案为N。

7、Parentsplayveryimportantrolesintheshapingofchildren'scharacters.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案:A

知识点解析：题目是对这两段内容的很好的概括，所以答案为Y。

8、Everypessimistcanovercomepessimism.

A、Y

B、N

C、NG

标准答案：c

知识点解析：原文说“悲观的习惯很难改掉，但还是可以的”，至于每个悲观主义者

是否都能克服这一点，文章并没有提到；而题目说，每一个悲观者都能克服悲观主

义据此，可以判断答案为NG。

9、AccordingtoSeligman,thesecrettoanoptimist'ssuccessisin.

标准答案：his"explanatorystyle”

知识点解析：空白处应该是名词、动名词或代词，作介词in的宾语。对比分析二

者,可知答案为his4texplanatorystyle”。

10>Andersonbelievesthattherealtestforsuccessisa.

标准答案：senseofcontrol

知识点解析：空白处应该是名词或名词短语，对比分析二者，可知答案为senseof

controlo

11、Ifyouwanttochangeyourselffromapessimistintoanoptimist,thefirstthingyou

shoulddoistoyourthoughtswhenbadthingshappen.

标准答案：paycarefulattention

知识点解析：空白处前面有do,所以应该填入不带t。的动词不定式短语。对照原

文，可以判断答案是paycarefulattentiono

三、听力短对话（本题共8题，每题1.0分，共8分。）

12、

A、Theyareveryrewarding.

B、Theyaretootime-consuming.

C、Theyarenothelpfulatall.

D、Theyaretootroublesome.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目询问女士觉得芭蕾舞课程如何。女士说“非常值得花费时间和工

夫”“我正在进步”，所以可判断选项A（是值得的）正确。

13、

A^Onholiday.

B、Onbusiness.

C、Thegreatlakes.

D、Intheoffice.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目询问男士去了哪里。关键是听到negolialions一词，就可以判断

选项B（出差）是正确的。

14、

A、Thefiguresarenotasaccurateassheexpects.

B、Thesalesoftheyeararesatisfactory.

C>Thefiguresarcprobablynotaccurate.

D、Thesalesoftheyearareunsatisfactory.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：题目询问女士的本意是什么。听到女士说“但是我不知道这些统计数

字是否准确“，可判断选项C（数字很有可能不准确）正确。

15、

A^InApril.

B、InMay.

C、InJuly.

D、Notdecidedyet.

标准答案：D'

知识点解析：题目询问男士什么时候订婚。关键是听到男士说“全由April决定”和

“我想我们要等她7月份毕业了”，可判断选项D（还没决定）正确。

16、

A、Thelossofthestore.

B、Thepossibleharmtothepeoplenearby.

C>Thepunishmenttothecrazyman.

D、Thereasonforthecrazyaction.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目询问男士关心的是什么。男士说，我希望没有人受伤”，可判断选

项B（对附近人员可能造成的伤害）正确。

17、

A、Sheisgoingtogiveupbiology.

B、Shespendshalfofhertimeonbiology.

C^Toher,biologyisdifficult,butmathisnot.

D、Toher,mathisevenmoredifficultthanbiology.

标准答案：D-

知识点解析：题目询问对话中女士的信息。女士说'它还没有数学那么难”，可判断

选项D（对她而言，数学比生物更难）正确。

18、

A、Itrainedforashortwhile.

B、Therewasa'caraccident.

C、Therewasafire.

D、Itsnowedheavily.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：题目询问昨晚发生了什么。关键是听到“淋雨”，可判断选项A（下了

一会儿雨）正确。

19、

A、Billisapunctualperson.

B、Billwillcomeontimetonight.

C、Billwillbelateasusual.

D、Billwon'tcomeatall.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：题目询问男士觉得Bill怎样。关键是听到男士说“但今晚他不会“，可

判断选项B（Bill今晚会按时到场）正确。

四、听力长对话（含3小题）（本题共3题，每题1.0

分,共3分。）

20、

ANGivingalecture.

B、Discussingpoliticalscience.

C^Workingonascienceproblem.

D、Readingtwcnticth-ccnturyliterature.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

21、

A、Tellingjokes.

B、Fallingasleepduringclass.

C、Stayinglateafterclass.

D、Eatinginthecafeteria.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

22、

A^Theycompletealltheirassignments.

B、Theystudyhardforhistests.

C^Theycompeteforthebestseatsintheclass.

D、Theyreadallhisbooks.

标准答案.C

知识点嬴析：暂无解析

五、听力长对话（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题7.0

分,共4分。）

23、

A、Toconvincehimtogoonacanoetrip.

B>Toinvitehimtoacookout.

C、Toaskifshecanbonowhiscar.

D、Totellhimaboutatripshetook.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：主旨题。四个选项都是表示动作的不定式短语，问题很可能是要做什

么或目的是什么。对话第1句女士就提到要去划船，由此可判定选项A正确的。

24、

A、Alunch.

B、Asleepingbag.

C^Acanoe.

D、Atent.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：细节题。四个选项都是名词，且都跟外出游玩有关。对话中谈到要自

带换洗的衣服和睡袋，因此选项B正确。

25、

A^Swimming.

B、Driving.

C^Sleepingoutdoors.

D^Canoeing.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：细节题”四个选项都是关于活动名称的名词.对话中女士交待完男士

要带的东西，男士说道“我喜欢露营和睡在外面”，所以答案为C。

26、

A^Tofindoutwhetherhewantstogocanoeing.

B、Totellhimwhetherhercarisrepaired.

C、Tofindoutwhatkindoffoodheisbringing.

D^Totellhimwhattimetheyareleaving.

标准答案：D」

知识点解析：细节题。四个选项都是表示动作的不定式短语，根据内容可猜出问的

是做某事的目的。对话最后女士提到“我知道他们星期五什么时候出发就打电话给

你”，所以选项D正确。

六、听力短文（含3小题）（本题共6题，每题7.0

分，共6分。）

27、

A、SpaceTravel.

B、ProblemsofAstronauts.

C、WaterPollution.

D、TheSpaceshipEarth.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

28、

A^Thepresentpopulationonearthisfourteenbillion.

Waterisrecycledeveryseventymillionyears.

C、Theplanetearthtravelsaroundthesunat18milespersecond.

D、Theearthiscomparedtoaspaceshipbecausetheybothtravelaroundthesun.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

29、

A、Somedayhumanbeingswillbeabletoliveonaspaceship.

B、Spacetravelwillcausepollutiontootherplanets.

C^Manmuststopabusingtheenvironmentinordertohaveabetterfuture.

D、ThespaceshipEarthcannotmakeatriptothemoonwhenitssuppliesarcusedup.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

30、

A、Thebirthdayofsomeancientpeople.

B、ThebirthdayofJesusChrist.

C、Ancientfestivals.

D、Somemodemdays.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

31、

A^ThereareonlytwotypesofdancesinEuropetocelebratethefestivals.

B、Combatdancesareusuallyheldtocelebratethebattlebetweentheoldyearandthe

new.

C、Australiaisacountrywherethereareghostsandwitches.

D、Thetwomaintypesofdanceslakeplaceeitherinwinterorinsummer.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：暂无解析

32、

A、HeisafamousmaninEngland.

B、Heisamanwearinganimalmask.

C>Heisaprofessionaldancer.

D、Heisamaningieenleavesicpieseuliiigthenewvegelalionofthesummer.

标准答案：D'''

知识点解析：暂无解析

七、听力短文（含4小题）（本题共4题，每题1.0

分，共4分。）

33、

A^Assoonassherealizedthatsomethingwaswrong.

Onlywhenherhusbandadvisedherto.

C>Alongtimeafterthetroublebegan.

D^WhenJohnaskedwhatwaswrongwithher.

标准答案：C

知识点解析：暂无解析

34、

A、Togetanexperttoexamineher.

B、Tosendhertohospital.

C、Totreatherhimself.

D、Toadvisehertowaitforafewweeks.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：哲无解析

35、

A、Hebecamebad-tempered,too.

B、Hespentlessandlesstimeathome.

C、HelosthistempermoreoftenwithJohn.

D、Hebecamemoreandmorequiet.

标准答案：D

知识点解析：暂无解析

36、

ANHetriedtoimaginehimselfinherplace.

B、Hetriednottonoticeit.

C^Hepretendedhehadtoothache.

D、Hebehavedhimselfaswellaspossible.

标准答案：A

知识点解析：暂无解析

八、听力复合式听写（本题共〃题，每题1.0分，共

〃分。）

OneofthemostpopularmythsabouttheUnitedStatesinthe19thcenturywasthatofthe

freeandsimplelifeofthefanner.Itwassaidthatfarmersweretiedtotheirown[Bl]

toproducewhat-evertheirfamiliesneeded.Theymightsometimes[B2]

withneighbours,butingeneral,theycouldgetalongjustfinebyrelyingon

themselves,noton[B3]tieswithothers.ThisishowThomasJefferson[B4]

thefanneratthebeginningofthe19thcentury,andatthattimethismayhave

beenclosetothetruth,[B5]onthefrontier.Butbythemid-century,sweeping

changesin[B6]werewellunderwayasfarmersbeganto[B7]inthe

raisingofcropssuchascottonorcornorwheat.Bylateinthecentury,[B8]

advancesinfarmmachineryhadvastlyincreasedproductionofspecializedcrops,

and[B9].Byraisingandsellingspecializedcrops,farmerscouldaffordmore

andfinergoods,andachieveamuchhigherstandardofliving,butaiaprice.[BIO]

.Theirliveswereincreasinglycontrolledbybanks,whichhadpowertograntor

denyloansfornewmachineryandbytherailroads,whichsettheratesforshippingtheir

cropstomarket.[Bl1],forexample,thepriceofwheatinKansas.Andso,by

theendof19thcentury,theeraofJefferson'sindependentfarmerhadcometoaclose.

37、[Bl]

标准答案：executive

知识点解析：暂无解析

38、[B2]

标准答案：announced

知识点解析：暂无解析

39、[B3]

标准答案：applicants

知识点解析：暂无解析

40、[B4]

标准答案：citizen

知识点解析：暂无解析

41、[B5]

标准答案：assistant

知识点解析：暂无解析

42、[B6]

标准答案：resigned

知识点解析：暂无解析

43、[B7]

标准答案：charge

知识点解析：暂无解析

44、[B8]

标准答案：commander

知识点解析：暂无解析

45、[B9]

标准答案：Mrs.Bushhassignaledherintentiontodomoreentertainingthaninthefirst

term

知识点解析：暂无解析

46、[BIO]

标准答案：askingthemtopreparetestmealsatspecialfunctionsandprivatemealsat

theresidence

知识点解析•：暂无解析

47、[B11]

标准答案：Theheadchefisresponsiblefordesigningandexecutingmenusforstate

dinners,socialevents,andreceptionshostedbyPresident

知识点解析：暂无解析

九、阅读(选词填空)(本题共70题，每题7.0分，共

70分。)

AndrewCarnegie,knownastheKingofSteel,builtthesteelindustryintheUnited

States,and,intheprocess,becameoneofthewealthiestmeninAmerica.Hissuccess

resultedinpartfromhisabilitytoselltheproductandinpartfromhispolicyof

expandingduringperiodsof[SI]declines,whenmostofhiscompetitorswere

reducingtheirinvestments.Carnegiebelievedthat[S2]shouldprogressthrough

hardwork,buthealsofelt[S3]thatthewealthyshouldusetheirfortunesforthe

benefitnfsociety.Heopposedcharity,preferringinsteadtoprovide[S4]

opportunitiesthatwouldallowotherstohelpthemselves."Hewhodiesrich,dies

disgraced,"heoftensaid.Amonghismore[S5]contributionstosocietyare

thosethatbearhisname,includingtheCarnegieInstituteofPittsburgh,whichhasa

library,amuseumoffinearts,andamuseumofnationalhistory.Healso[S6]a

schooloftechnologythatisnowpartofCarnegie-MellDnUniversity.Othercharitable

giftsaretheCarnegieEndowmentforInternationalPeaceto[S7]understanding

betweennations,theCarnegieInstituteofWashingtontofundscientificresearch,and

CarnegieHalltoprovidea[S8]forthearts.FewAmericanshavebeenleft

untouchedbyAndrewCarnegie's[S9]Hiscontributionsofmorethanfive

milliondollarsestablished2,500librariesinsmallcommunitiesthroughouithecountry

andformedthenucleusofthepubliclibrarysystemthatweall[S10]today.

A)remarkableI)economicB)stronglyJ)enjoyC)promoteK)educationalD)R)unded

L)createdE)causedM)individualsF)sponsorN)comforlablyG)disagreedO)center

H)generosity

48、[SI]

标准答案：I

知识之解析：declines是名词，所以该空应填一个形容词来修饰名词。由该句后的

定语从句：大部分的竞争者减少投资，可推测他的扩张应该是在经济萧条时。所以

选economico

49、[S2]

标准答案：M

知识点解析：believed后应接宾语从句，should是情态动词，前面应加名词作主

语，所以该空应选一个名词。由其后的hardwork,和thewealthy（指富人），可知该

空需填一个与人有关的词，所以选individuals,该词意思为“个人”。

50、[S3]

标准答案：B

知识点解析：feel后面已接宾语从句，所以该空应填一个副词修饰动词。由that从

句的意思：富人应用他们的财产来为社会服务，和also表示进一步说明，可推测

是强烈地感到，所以填strongly。

51、[S4]

标准答案：K

知识点解析：opportunities是名词，所以该空应填一个形容词来修饰名词。该句说

他反对慈善事业，而在第三段又提到他投资建了学校，图书馆等与教育有关的事

业，所以可推测他为别人提供的是教育机会，应选educational。

52、[S5]

标准答案：A

知识点解析：contributions是名词，所以该空应填一个形容词来修饰名词。bearhis

name意思是“使人声名远扬”，能让人声名远扬的贡献一定是显著的contributions,

所以选remarkableo

53、[S6]

标准答案：D

知识点解析：该句缺少谓语动词，由上文可知他投资了教育事业，选项中只有

founded才能与school搭配，指建立学校。

54、[S7]

标准答案：C

知识点解析：该句的三个表语结构应该是相同的。由第二个表语结构tofund

scientificresearch,可知该空应填一个动词原形。由逻辑主语charitablegifts（慈善捐

献），可知该空需填一个积极意义的动词，所以选promote,指促进国家之间的了

解。

55、[S8]

标准答案：0

知识点解析：由不定冠词。可知，空格处应填名词。CarnegieH疝是地点，to后的

结构是不定式作CarnegieHall的定语，所以该空应选一个表示地点的名词，应填

cenlero

56、[S9]

标准答案：H

知识点解析：由AndrewCarnegie's可知该空需填一个名词。由第三段可知Andrew

Carnegie为社会做了很大贡献，该句后面又说他投资五百多万美元建了2500个图

书馆，可知他是慷慨的1所以选generosity。

57、[SI0]

标准答案：J

知识点解析：该句所在的句子是定语从句来修饰thepubliclibrarysystem（公共图书

馆系统），该句缺少谓语动词，并且由loday可知该空应填动词原形，能与the

publiclibrarysystem搭配的只有enjoy,指“享有”。

十、阅读（常规阅读理解）（本题共10题，每题

分，共10分。）

OnApril26,1937,at4:40P.M.,theCondorLegionoftheGermanairforcebombed

peacefully,undefendedGuernicatovirtuallytotaldestruction.Ittookthreehoursandfive

minutes.FortheGermanhighcommand,itwasanopportunityfortheirfighterpilotsto

practicesaturation-bombing（饱和轰炸）anddive-bombingtechniquesdesignedto

terrorizeandkillfleetingcivilians.Photographersandjournalistswhoreportedthe

bombingdescribeditasaviolenceofthenunparalleledhonor.Guernicawasthefirstcity

inhistorytobedestroyedbyaerialbombardment.WorldWarII,forwhichtheSpanish

CivilWarwasamilitarydressrehearsaLwouldultimatelynumb（使麻木）theworldwith

itsterribledestructionofDresdenandHiroshima.Whileacontentedworldwasunwilling

tochallengethedenialsofFrance,theGermans,andtheVatican,onemandecidedto

revealthedimensionsoftheviolentincident.Photographsofthebombingappearedin

Parisnewspaperswithinadayortwo.AndPabloPicasso,acclaimedbymanyasthe

artisticgeniusofourage,immediatelybeganhispreliminarysketchesforthemural（壁

回），Guernica,whichhegavetotheRepublicangovernmenttohanginthe1937

InternationalExpositioninParis.Today,Guernicaiswidelyhailedasthegreatest

politicalpaintingofthetwentiethcentury.Muchcontroversyhasarisenastothespecific

meaningofthevariouselementsofthepainting.Does（hebullrepresentfascism?Spain?

Brutalityanddarkness?Picassohimself,neveronetobeboundbyotherpeople'sneedfor

precisereferences,wasnohelp.Criticshavehadafielddayanalyzingandexplainingthe

masterpiece.Whathasneverbeenindoubtisthatthepowerfulmuralisasymbolic,

figurativepaintingmadetoexpressanexiledSpaniard'sterriblerageattheagony

imposedonadefenselesstownofinnocentmen,women,andchildren.Hewaspainting

theiragony,Spain'sagony,andhisownagony.Afewyearslater,whenGermansoldiers

visitedPicasso'sstudioinParisduringtheoccupationofFranceinWorldWarII,the

painterhandedoutpostcardsoftheGuernicamuraltohisunwantedanduninvited

visitors."Didyoudothis?"oneofthesurprisedsoldiersexclaimed."No,"Picassois

supposedtohavereplied,"youdid."

58^TheGermanairforcebombedGuernicatototaldestructionbecause.

A、theGermanpilotsneededtopracticetheirbombingtechniques

GuernicawastryingtoattacktheGermans

C^GermanywasfightingwithGuernica

D、theGermanshadfoundthattherewereenemytroopsinGuernica

标准答案:A

知识点解析：根据题干中的totaldestruction定位到文章第一段，1937年6月26

日，德国空军将亳无准备的Guernica炸成一片废墟。根据最高指示，这是德国空

军为实行恐怖统治和屠杀当地平民而设计的一次轰炸机会。所以选A)。由第一段

可知战争是在Guernica不知情的形式情况下进行的，所以排除B),C)：D)在文中

未提及。

59、Theword"dimensions"(Line,Para.2)isnearestinmeaningto.

A、degree

B、significance

C、range

D、size

标准答案：A

知识点解析：该词所在的句子意思是说有人要揭发这起暴行。在第三段作者又说毕

加索用画来表达该城市的痛苦，可知应该是degree“程度significance“意义”；

range“范围"；size“规模”。

60、ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatGuernicawas.

A^acityinFrance

B、aSpanishcity

C^atownnearParis

D、asmallcountryinEurope

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由第三段可知毕加索为这起事件画了壁画，第四段的最后两句话：该

画象征了一个被驱逐的西班牙人对这个城市的痛苦感到愤怒，他是在画这个城市男

女老幼的痛苦，西班牙的痛苦，他自己的痛苦，可推测该城市在西班牙，所以选

B)o

61、AfterthebombingofGuernica,theGermans.

A、managedtolaunchtheSpanishCivilWar

frightenedthewholeworldintosilence

C、wentontowipeoutDresdenandHiroshima

D、didnotadmittheircrime

标准答案：D

知识点解析：由选项可知该题是在问炸毁Guernica以后的结果。由第二段最后一

句：当世界不愿意质问德国对Guemica的暴行，一个人决定揭发这个事件，所以

选D）,didnotadmitdenialsoB）中的whole是绝对意义的词,应排除；A）和

C）并不是爆炸的结果。

62、Whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?

A、EveryelementinGuernicahasaclearandaccuratereference.

B、Picassonevercaredv/hetherornototherpeoplecouldunderstandwhathepainted.

C、Picasso'smuralGucmicahascausedcntics,argumentsaboutitspolitical

implications.

D、InGuernica,PicassopaintedaSpaniardwholooksextremelypainfulaswellas

angry.

标准答案：B

知识点解析：由选项可知：该题涉及毕加索的壁画的意义和内容，可定位到第四

段。第四段中指出：毕加索不关心别人是否能明白他的画的意义，可知B）为答

案。nevercared是句中neveronetobeboundby的同义表达。第四段第-一句：该画

的具体含义引起了很多争议，可知该画的意思并不明确，排除A）,C）；文章并没

有提到毕加索壁面中有一个很痛苦并很愤怒的西班牙人，排除D）u

Societywasfascinatedbyscienceandthingsscientificinthenineteenthcentury.Great

breakthroughsinengineering,theuseofsteampower,andelectricitywerethereforallto

sec,enjoy,andsuffer.Sciencewasfashionableanditisnotsurprisingthat,duringthis

greatperiodofindustrialdevelopment,scientificmethodsshouldbeappliedtothe

activitiesofman,particularlytothoseinvolvedintheprocessesofproduction.Towards

theendofthenineteenthcenturyinternationalcompetitionbegantomakeitselffelt.The

threeindustrialgiantsoftheday,Germany,America,andGreatBritain,begantofind

thattherewasalimittothepurchasingpowerofthepreviouslyapparentlyinexhaustible

markets.Scienceandcompetitionthereforeprovidedthemeansandtheneedtoimprove

industrialefficiency.FrederickWinslowTaylorisgenerallyacknowledgedasbeingthe

fatherofthescientificmanagementapproach,asaresultofthepublicationofhisbook.

ThePrinciplesofScientificManagement,publishedin1911.However,numerousother

academicsandpractitioners（实践者）hadbeenactivelyapplyingsuchapproachessince

thebeginningofthecentury.CharlesBabbage,andEnglishacademic,well-knownforhis

inventionofthemechanicalcomputer（withtheaidofagovernmentgrantaslongas

1820）,appliedhimselftothecostingofprocesses,usingscientificmethods,andindeed

mightwellberecognizedasoneofthefathersofcostaccounting.Taylorwasofwell-to-

dobackgroundandreceivedanexcellenteducationbut,partlyowingtotroubleswithhis

eyesight,decidedtobecomeanengineeringapprentice.Hespentsometwenty-fiveyears

inthetough,sometimesbrutal,environmentoftheUSsteelindustryandcarefully

studiedmethodsofworkwhenheeventuallyattainedsupervisorystatus.Hemade

varioussignificantinnovationsintheareaofsteelprocessing,buthisclaimtofameis

throughhisapplicationofmethodsofsciencetomethodsofwork,andhispersonal

effortsthatprovedtheycouldsucceedinahostileenvironment.In1901,Taylorleftthe

steelindustryandspenttherestofhislifetryingtopromotetheprinciplesofmanaging

scientificallyandemphasizingthehumanaspectsofthemethod,overtheslave-driving

methodscommoninhisday.Hediedin1915,leavingahugeschooloffollowersto

promotehisapproachworldwide.

63、According