山西省太原市2027届高三上学期开学摸底考试英语试卷有答案无音频无听力原文

学年高三摸底考试英语注意事项：．本试卷满分分，考试时间分钟。．考生作答时，请将答案答在答题卡上。选择题每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上毫米黑色墨水签字笔在答题卡上各题的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效，在试题卷、草稿纸上作答无效。．本试卷命题范围：高考范围。第一部分听力（共两节，满分分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话。每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段对话后，你都有秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段对话读两遍。1．Whichcountryhasrulesaboutmakingbeer?A．Germany.B．TheUK.C．Belgium.2．Whendidthewomangoforawalk?A．Inthemorning.B．Intheafternoon.C．Intheevening.3．Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?A．Motherandson.B．Masterandservant.C．guideandtourist.4．Howwillthemanpayfortheshopping?A．acard.B．hiscash.C．thewoman’smoney.5．Whatistheweatherlikenow?A．Rainy.B．Cloudy.C．Sunny.第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）听下面5段对话或独白。每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的、、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。每段对话或独白读两遍。听第6段材料，回答第、7题。6．Wherearethespeakers?A．Inacar.B．Atacave.C．Insideahouse.7．Whatwillthespeakersdonext?A．Brushtheirhair.B．Makesomerules.C．Putontheirhats.听第7段材料，回答第8至题。8．Atwhattimedoesthemanusuallyarriveatschool?第1页/共15页A．9:00a.m.B．9:10a.m.C．9:30a.m.9．Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?A．Askhismomtoleaveearlier.B．Usethepublictransport.C．Drophissisterfirst.10．Whatarethespeakersmainlytalkingabout?A．Theman’slateness.B．meetings’plans.C．Schoolclasses’organization.听第8段材料，回答第至题。．Whatdoesthemanthinkofthecake?A．Itisnormal.B．Itisdelicious.C．Itisdisappointing.12．Whyisthewomangladtoseetheman?A．Sheislonely.B．Hewillhelpher.C．Heisafamilymember.13．Whatwillthewomanconsiderdoing?A．Movingtoanothercommunity.B．Seeingherfamilymoreoften.C．Runningacakeshop.听第9段材料，回答第至题。14．Howdoesthewomanfeelabouttherecyclingrules?A．Confused.B．Confirmed.C．Content.15．Whichitemswillberegardedasgeneralwaste?A．Cans.B．Bottles.C．Envelopes.16．Whatistheproblemwiththeplate?A．Itistoobig.B．Itistoodirty.C．Itcan’tberecycled.17．Whenistherecyclingcollected?A．OnB．OnC．OnThursday.听第段材料，回答第至题。18．Whatisprobablythespeaker’sjob?A．Ahotelmanager.B．Aweatherreporter.C．Anaircontroller.19．Wherewillmostofthepassengerssleep?A．Intheairporthotel.B．Intheairportlounge.C．Intheairportterminal.20．Whatwillthespeakerprobablydowithinthenexthour?A．Announceadditionalinformation.B．Givepassengersticketrefunds.C．Letpeoplegetreadyfordeparture.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。第2页/共15页AIfyouwanttofindaplaceofinteresttospendyoursummervacation,thinkaboutthefollowinglocations.Openedin2019,thisindependent,Maldivian-ownedresort(度假村)istheislandnation’sonlyRelais&Chateauxproperty.It’slocatedabeautifulsandyislandintheIndianOcean,whichhasbeenofficiallyrecognizedasaUNESCOBiosphereReserveforitsstunningcoralreefs(珊瑚礁)andvariousmarinelife.Splendid,oversizedaccommodationsarebalancedwithplaininners,intendedtobeinharmonywiththesurroundingnaturalscenery.Sustainabilityliesatthecoreoftheunique,luxuriousresortintheMaldives’isolatedLaamuAtoll.Thethree-storiedoverwaterbuildingsareconstructedoflocalmaterials,whichbringsmoneytonearbyislandcommunities.Followitupwithamealmadefromproducegrownintheislands’gardenswithoutusingartificialchemicalsandfreshlycaughtseafoodfromlocalfishermen.Finally,treatyourselftooneofthemanyspatreatmentsattheSixSensesSpaoverlookingtheocean.Builtalongasmallisland,theoverwaterbuildingsattheFourSeasonsResortBoraBorariseovertheisland’sbluewaters.TheirdecorisinspiredbythenaturalstyleofatraditionalPolynesianvillage,andallhaveindoor-outdoorspaceswithladdersforaccesstothelake.Choosefromoneofthreeviews:beach,lake,or,ourfavorite,mountain.OnaprivateislandtwentyminutesbyboatfromQatar’scapitalcity,thisresorthousesthePersianGulf’sMaldivian-inspiredoverwaterbuildingsonascaleonlyfoundintheMiddleEast.Think:twoandthree-bedroomunits(beginningat2,500squarefeet),eachequippedwithfacilitieslikeaprivatefull-sizedswimmingpool.1.WhatistheadvantageofthebuildingsinSixSensesLaamu?A.Theyhaveaninformalatmosphere.B.Theyhavebeenlovinglyrestored.C.Theybringeconomicbenefitstothelocals.D.Theyareinharmonywiththesurroundings.2.WheremayavisitorgoifhelikesPolynesianstylearchitecture?A.TheNautilusMaldives.第3页/共15页B.SixSensesLaamu,theMaldives.C.BananaIslandResortDohabyAnantara,Qatar.D.FourSeasonsResortBoraBora,FrenchPolynesia.3.Whatdothesefourresortshaveincommon?A.Theyownallkindsofseafoods.B.Theyarebuiltoverwater.C.Theyenjoyconvenientcommunications.D.Theyprovideaswimmingpool.BBookstoresarefascinatingplaces.That’sbecausethebooksontheshelvescantakeyouawaytomagicallands,helpyoulearnaforeignlanguage,orcookadeliciousmeal.Butwhenyourcommunityistoosmalltohousearealbrickandmortarbookstore,sometimesyouhavetoimprovise(即兴创作).Amobilebookstorethatbringsbooksaroundthecountryistheresult.ThatisthecaseforRitaCollins,70,whodreamedofopeningabookstoreafterretiringfromteaching.AbusinessplanningclassfromtheAmericanBooksellersAssociationconvincedCollinsthatopeningabookstoreinthesmalltownwheresheliveswouldnotbesustainable.Eureka,Montana,locatedjustsevenmilesfromtheCanadianborder,onlyhasapopulationof1517.Collinsaskedherinstructorsaboutatravelingbookstoreonwheelsandtheywereskeptical.Butshepersevered.CollinswasinspiredbyDylan’sMobileBookstore,atravelingbookstoreinrunbyShecontactedforadvicebutshewaslargelyonherownwhenitcametobuildingherbookstore.Firstshehadtofindavehiclelargeenoughtostandin.Thenshehadtohaveitrefitted()withshelvesthatwouldholdthebooksata15-degreeanglesothattheywouldstayinplacewhilethevehicleismoving.CollinsnamedherbookstoreSt.Rita’sBookstore,whichhasbeenontheroadsince2015.Atfirst,shedrovethroughMontanaandthenshemadeherfirstcross-countrytripin2016.Aftersheretiredin2017,itbecameafull-timejoballyearround.Collinsandhertravelingbookstorehavevisited30states,stoppingatfestivalsandeventsalongtheway.Whilethelocationschange,somethingsalwaysstaythesame.Collinslovesmeetingpeopleandmakingconnections.Whilesheloveswhatshedoes,Collinsdoesn’tthinkshecankeepdoingit.Inseveralyears,shehopestopasshertravelingbookstoreontoanotherbookloverwhowillkeepitontheroad.4.Whatisthepurposeofthefirstparagraph?A.leadtothemaintopicofthetext.B.declaretheimportanceofbookstores.C.encouragetheopeningofbookstores.第4页/共15页D.providedetailedinformationaboutbookstores.5.WhywasCollins’ideaofrunningabookstoreinEureka,Montanaquestioned?A.Becauseitwouldcostalotofmoney.B.Becauseitwasn’tnewtothelocals.C.Becauseitwasviewedasunworkable.D.Becauseitwasbasedonthewisdomof6.Whyweretheshelvesdesignedata15degreeangle?A.holdmorebooks.B.beautifythemobilebookstore.C.keepthebookstore’sbalance.D.protectthebooksfromfallingdown.7.Whichisthesuitabletitleforthetext?A.Abookstoreonwheels.B.Themagicofbookstores.C.Across-countrybookstore.D.Thebirthofthetravelingbookstore.CAseal(海豹)wearingahelmetwithanantennamightlookunusual,buteightseals,eachwitha580gmonitoringdevice(监测装置)ontheirheads,havebeenhelpingJapaneseresearcherssurveythewatersunderthethickicesheetintheAntarctic.foraresearchprojectbetweenMarchandNovember2017,thesesealswereequippedwiththehead-mountedconductivity,temperatureanddepthsensor,whichallowsscientiststocollectobservationinformation,suchaswatertemperaturesandsaltlevels,inareaswithextremelyterribleenvironmentalconditions.ProjectleaderNobuoKokubunsaidsuchresearchhelpsscientistsdiscovertheanimals’behaviouralpatterns.“Duringthesummer,wecangototheAntarcticbyicebreakerstoconductactualresearchactivities,sothatwecancollectinformationthere.Butduringthewinter,suchthingscannotbedoneinsomanyplaces,”Kokubunsaidduringan“However,eveninsuchasituation,manyanimalssuchassealsarelivingintheareaofAntarctica,soIthoughtmaybetheywereuseful,”Kokubunadded.Theinformationsuccessfullygatheredfromsevensealsshowedoneofthemhadtraveledasfaras633kmfromthecoastofJapan’sShowaStationintheAntarctic,whileanotherhadarrivedadepthof700m.Kokubunsaidthescientistsalsolearnedfromtheinformationthatwarmseawaterfromtheupperlayer(上层)intheopenseareachedAntarcticafromMarchthroughwinterthatyear.Thewaterflowedbelowtheice,bringinginseacreatureslikeAntarctickrill,amajorfoodsourceforseals.InordertoknowfurtherimpactofglobalwarmingonAntarcticcoastalareas,KokubunnexthopestomakethedevicesmallenoughtofitotheranimalsattheSouthPolesuchaspenguins.“Theadvantageofpenguinsisthattheycomebacktothesameplaceandwecancollectinformationfromthemimmediately.Also,wecanusethe第5页/共15页devicesonalargenumberofpenguinssotheycancoverawidearea,”hesaid.8.What’sthefunctionofthedeviceonseals’heads?A.helpsealssurvive.B.helpscientistscollectinformation.C.provetheofglobalwarming.D.ensuresealsseeclearlyunderthewater.9.WhatdoKokubun’swordsinParagraph3mainlyshow?A.DoingresearchinAntarcticaisdifficult.B.AnimalsinAntarcticaareworthstudying.C.AnimalsinAntarcticaarenotafraidofcold.D.SomeanimalsinAntarcticaaregreathelpers.10.Howdidtheresearchersprobablyfeelaftergettinginformation?A.B.Confused.C.Encouraged.D.Disappointed.WhichofthefollowingshowsKokubun’sopinion?A.Thedeviceshouldbeimproved.B.Sealsdon’tliveonseacreatures.C.Theresearchhasbeencarriedoutonalargescale.D.Penguinsshouldtaketheplaceofsealscompletely.DArecentstudydiscoveredthatpeoplearemoreinfluencedbytheirpeers(同伴)topunishthantheywouldbeifmakingthedecisionontheirownwhenparticipatinginagroupthatisentrustedwithselectinghowtopunishsomeone.“Peoplecangettogetherinagroupandbeintensifiedbytheotherpeopleintheirgrouptobehaveinwaystheywouldn’ttypicallywhenalone,includingbecomingmorepunitive,”saidOrielFeldmanHall,anassistantprofessorofcognitive,linguisticandpsychologicalsciencesatBrownUniversityandseniorresearcheronthestudy.FeldmanHallandherresearchteamconductedfiveexperimentsinvolvingalmost400participants.Ineveryexperiment,participantschosewhetherornottopenalizetheoffendereitherindividuallyorasagroup.Theresearchmeasuredvariationsinpartialityaswell:Insomeexperiments,thedecision-makerwasrequiredtoactasanobjectivejuror;inothers,theywereinstructedtopretendtheywerethevictimofanunfairoramockcrime.Theteamfoundthatasthenumberofpro-punishmentpeopleinthegroupincreased,otherparticipantsbecomeupto40percentmorewillingtorecommendpunishingaperpetrator(作恶者),FeldmanHallsaid.Thispatternpersistedwhetherthepersonintheexperimentwasavictimwhohadsufferedharmoranunbiasedjuror.However,theyalsofoundsomedifferences.weremoreeasilypersuadedtoacceptpunishmentbytheirpeers.Comparatively,jurorswerelesslikelythanvictimstofollowcommunitynorms,andtheyadditionally第6页/共15页consideredthegravityoftheoffender’scrimewhiledeterminingwhethertopunish.Theresearchersdiscoveredthatparticipantsusedboththeirpeers’preferencesasaguidepostforhowmuchtheyshouldvaluepunishmentandwerelesscautiousaboutmakingdecisionswhentheybelievedtheywereonlyonevoiceamongmanybyusingacomputationalmodelthatdescribeshowpeopleusecontextualinformationtomakedecisions.FeldmanHallsaid,“Althoughtheseresultsmayseemalarming(使人害怕)incertaincontexts,conformitycanalsobeadaptiveandithelpshumanssurvive.”However,moreresearchisneededtounderstandtheextenttowhichpeoplearewillingtobeflexibleaboutmoraldecisions,sheadded.12.WhatdidOrielFeldmanHall’swordsinParagraph2imply?A.Peoplearekindheartedwhentheyarealone.B.Peopleinagroupmayforceotherstoimitatetheirbehaviors.C.Peoplearemorelikelytotakepunitivemeasureswheninagroup.D.Peopletendtomakedecisionswithoutbeingbypeers.13.Whatdoestheunderlinedword“persisted”inParagraph4mean?A.Maintained.B.Changed.C.Occurred.D.Dismissed.14.WhatisFeldmanHall’sattitudetowardsthediscovery?A.Ambiguous.B.Objective.C.D.Critical.15.Whatisthemainideaofthisarticle?A.Peopleuseeachotherasareferencepointallthetime.B.FeldmanHallandherresearchteamconductedsomeexperiments.C.Itisdangerousthatpeoplewillconformtothegroup’spreferences.D.Peopleareinfluencedbytheirpeers,whichleadstomoreseverepunishments.第二节（共5小题；每小题分，满分分）Thequalityofpatiencegoesalongwaytowardyourgoalofcreatingamorepeacefulandlovingself.Themorepatientyouare,themoreacceptingyouwillbeofwhatlifeis,ratherthaninsistingthatlifebeexactlyasyouwouldlikeittobe.patience,lifeisextremelyfrustrating.____16____Patienceaddssomeeaseandacceptancetoyourlife.It’simportantforinnerpeace.____17____Ifyouarestuckinajam,lateforanappointment,beingpatientwouldmeankeepingyourselffrombuildingamentalsnowballbeforeyourthinkinggetsoutofhandandgentlyremindingyourselfto第7页/共15页relax.Itmightalsobeagoodtimetobreatheaswellasanopportunitytoremindyourselfthat,inthebiggerschemeofthings,beinglateis“smallPatienceisaqualityofheartthatcanbegreatlyenhancedwithdeliberatepractice.AneffectivewaythatIhavefoundtodeepenmyownpatienceistocreateactualpractiseperiods.TheyaretheperiodsoftimethatIsetupinmymindtopractisetheartofpatience.____18____canstartwithaslittleasfiveminutesandbuildupyourcapacityforpatienceovertime.Whatyou’lldiscoveristrulyamazing.intentiontobepatient,especiallyifyouknowit’sonlyforashortwhile,immediatelystrengthensyourcapacityforpatience.Patienceisoneofthosequalitieswheresuccessfeedsonitself.Onceyoureachlittlemilestone—fiveminutesofsuccessfulpatience—you’llbegintoseethatyoudoindeedhavethecapacitytobepatient,evenforlongerperiodsoftime.____19________20____willseeevenadifficultsituation,sayyourpresentchallenge,isn’t“lifeordeath”butsimplyaminorobstaclethatmustbedealtwith.patience,youwillseethesamesceneasanemergencycompletewithyelling,frustrationandhurtfeelings.A.aremoreeasilyannoyedandbothered.B.Overtime,youmayevenbecomeapatientperson.C.Beingpatientwillhelpyoutokeepyourperspective.D.Lifeitselfbecomesaclassroom,andthecurriculumispatience.E.Ifyoulackpatience,youaredestinedtofailinwhatyouarepursuing.F.Itisgenerallybelievedthatthequalityofbeingpatientisverydifficulttodevelop.G.Becomingmorepatientinvolvesopeningyourhearttothepresentmoment,evenifyoudon’tlikeit.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分分）第一节（共小题；每小题1分、满分分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的、、、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Onatypicalday,thecoastofasmallBrazilianisland,JoaoPereiradeSouzawasheadedout____21____.Hewasdepressedtofindthatanoilspillhadpollutedthewaters.Staringoutatthepollutedwaves,he____22____itwasnotagooddaytofish.Butwalkingthebeachthatday,hefounda____23____penguin,coveredinoilandstarving.Pereiratookthepenguinhome,____24____cleaneditandspentthenextweeknursingitbacktohealth.HenameditDindim.DindimisaMagellanicpenguin,aspeciesknown____25____livingintheseasofSouthAmerica.Inordertobreed,theymustreturntoPatagonia,8,000kilometersfromPereira’shome.PereirapatientlytookDindimbacktothe____26____andtaughthimhowtoswimagain.Soonenough,itwastimeforDindimto第8页/共15页____27____lifeinthewild.PereirawatchedDindimswimaway,____28____itwouldbethelasttimehesawhim.ButthenextJune,Dindimreturned.Thetwosharedatenderbeak-to-nosegreeting,andDindimstayedforamonth,waddlingaroundthe____29____house.Thetimetoleavearrived,andPereirathoughtthis____30____wouldbethelasttimehewouldseeDindim.____31____monthslater,thepenguinwithalongmemoryreturnedagain.Itisacommonbeliefamongscientiststhatanimalshaveshortmemories.Soacoupleofthemputa____32____deviceonDindimtoseeifitwasindeedthesamepenguinthatreturnedyearafteryear.their____33____,butnotPereira’s,Dindimreturned,yearafteryear,formorethanadecade.Loveandnurturecreatea(n)____34____sodeepthatwecan’talwaysexplainit.It’sjustsomethingwefeel,somethingwelongtoprovide.Andwhenwedo,itlastsmuchlongerthanweever____35____.21.A.walkingB.fishingC.joggingD.playing22.A.assumedB.predictedC.claimedD.decided23.A.dyingB.lovelyC.sleepingD.struggling24.A.gentlyB.quicklyC.professionallyD.casually25.A.withB.byC.asD.for26.A.oceanB.forestC.shelterD.field27.A.adapttoB.adjusttoC.returntoD.cometo28.A.suggestingB.wishingC.knowingD.believing29.A.employee’sB.fisherman’sC.farmer’sD.worker’s30.A.normallyB.surelyC.nearlyD.rarely31.A.ThusB.OtherwiseC.ButD.And32.A.researchB.trackingC.experimentD.science33.A.astonishmentB.disappointmentC.delightD.credit34.A.emotionB.relationshipC.bondD.truth35.A.plannedB.designedC.expectedD.experienced第二节（共小题；每小题分，满分分）阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。Ourunderstandingofprenatal(胎儿期的)healthcouldreachnewheightsthankstothedevelopmentofa“placenta-on-a-chip.”DevelopedbyNicoleHashemiandherresearchteam,thisinnovativetechnologyhasthepotential____36____(advance)personalizedmedicineandimprovethesafetyofprenataltreatments.第9页/共15页Theplacenta(胎盘)isa____37____(fascinate)organthatplaysacrucialroleinfetaldevelopment.Itactsasabarrierbetweenthemother’sandthefetus’sbloodsupply,____38____(allow)theexchangeofnutrients,oxygen,andwasteproductswhileprotectingthefetusfromharmfulsubstances.____39____,studyingtheplacentainrealtimehasbeen____40____challengeforresearchers,asitisdifficulttoobservewithoutinvasiveprocedures.Thisiswheretheplacenta-on-a-chip____41____(come)in.Bypumpingfluidsthroughthemodel,researcherscantest____42____varioussubstances,suchasmedicinesandnutrients,crosstheplacentalbarrierfrommothertofetusandviceversa.Thistechnologycouldhelpscientists____43____(good)understandthecomplex____44____(process)thatoccurwithintheplacentaandhowtheyfetaldevelopment.Hashemiandherteamhavebeenworkingonthisprojectsince2015,andtheir____45____(persist)isfinallypayingarecentNationalScienceFoundation(NSF)Mid-CareerAdvancementgrant,theresearcherscannowexplorenewdevelopmentsinsensing,personalizedmedicine,andcommercialization.第四部分写作（共两节，满分分）第一节（满分分）46.假定你是校英语俱乐部负责人李华，你邀请到了英国电脑专家Chris教授作主题为“Besmartonlinelearners”的讲座。请你在讲座前简要发言，内容包括：1．相关介绍；2．注意事项。注意：1．写作词数应为80左右；2．请按如下格式在答题纸的相应位置作答。Dearfellowstudents,____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第二节（满分分）47.阅读下面材料，根据其内容和所给段落开头语续写两段，使之构成一篇完整的短文。Lastsummer,myteamandItraveledtoareserveinIndianaforfieldwork.Afterfivehours,wefinallyarrived.hadbeenlookingforwardtothistripforoverayear.decidedtostayatalocalhotelandwalkintothereservethenextdayUpontheinformationwereceivedatthevisitorcenterthenextmorning,weultimatelydecidedtohikeonacanyontrail.Itwassupposedtobeacalmdayanditwassupposedtobeaneasyjobinthereserve.LittledidIknow第10页/共15页thatdaywouldbecomeoneofthescariestinmylife.bepreparedforourjourney,webroughtalongplentyofwaterandsnacks.keptmovingandwereonourway.thepurposeofstudyingdifferentspecies,Itriedtoidentifyvarioustypesoftreesandanimals.Inoticedanunknowncreaturerunningaway“Illcatchupwithyouguys,”Itoldmyteammates.Theycontinuedonthepathwhileimindlesslyfollowedthecreature.Ithadashorttailanditscoatwasashadeofbeige(米色)withspotsonit,unlikeanythingIhadseenbefore.Afterfollowingitforawhile,Iwasabletogetaclose-upview,anddeterminedittobeabobcat(短尾猫),whichwasnotfriendlytome.WhenIrealizedit,itwastoolate,becauseIhadwanderedthetrail.Neverhavingbeeninthissituationbefore,Iwascompletelyconfused.WhatshouldIdo?Sincetherewasnocellphonereception,Iknewcallingforhelpwasoutofthepicture.Atthispoint,IrealizedIwouldhavetoberesponsibleandgetbacktothetrail.Ihadtoabandonallfearsandgoin“survivalmode”togettosafety.“Help!Help!”Iscreamed,butthehighwindwastheonlyresponse.tobacktracktomyroute,Ionlygotdeeperintothewilderness注意：1.续写词数应为150个左右；2.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Suddenly,Iheardasoundcomefrombehindme._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Ihadtotakeactiontoensuresafety._______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________第11页/共15页学年高三摸底考试英语注意事项：．