2027届陕西商洛市高三上学期学情调研英语试卷（含解析）

2027届高三学情调研试题（卷）英语注意事项：1．本试卷共10页，满分150分，时间120分钟。2．答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。3．回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。涂写在本试卷上无效。4．作答非选择题时，将答案书写在答题卡上，书写在本试卷上无效。5．考试结束后，监考员将答题卡按顺序收回，装袋整理；试卷不回收。第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段录音，每段录音后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听完每段录音后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。每段录音播放两遍。1.WhatdidMikedoyesterday?A.Hestudiedfortheexam.B.Hevisitedhisfriend.C.Hewenttothecitymuseum.2.Whereisthenursinghome?A.Nexttothehospital.B.Oppositethepark.C.Besidethepostoffice.3.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?A.Afamousartist.B.Awildlifedocumentary.C.Anewpieceofpublicart.4.Howdoesthewomanfeelaboutthemovie?A.It’stouching.B.It’sconfusing.C.It’sboring.5.Howmuchisthelearningmachineafterthediscount?A.¥800.B.¥900.C.¥1,000.第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段录音，每段录音后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。听每段录音前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟。听完后，每小题都有5秒钟的作答时间。每段录音播放两遍。听第6段录音，回答第6、7题。6.WhatisSara’smotherpreparingfor?A.Adressshow.B.Abadmintongame.C.Afamilytrip.7.WhatwillSaradotosharethehousework?A.Cleanthekitchen.B.Dothewashing.C.Cookmeals.听第7段录音，回答第8至10题。8.Whatcoursedoesthegirlwanttotake?A.Art.B.History.C.EnglishLiterature.9.Whycan’tthegirltakethecourseatfirst?A.Thecourseisfull.B.Shehasnotime.C.Shedoesn’tmeettherequirements10.Whatistheprobablerelationshipbetweenthetwospeakers?A.Teacherandstudent.B.Classmates.C.Fatheranddaughter.听第8段录音，回答第11至13题。11.Whatistheman’smaindifficulty?A.Heavyworkload.B.Noisyoffice.C.Coldhands.12.Whycan’tthemanworkfromhome?A.Hehasnocomputerthere.B.Hisdaughterdisturbshim.C.Helivestoofaraway.13.Whatwilltheyprobablydonext?A.Speaktomanagement.B.Waituntilnextmonth.C.Movetoanewoffice.听第9段录音，回答第14至16题。14.WhoisprobablyMr.Moore?A.Arobotdesignengineer.B.Arobot-relatedjournalist.C.Arobotequipmentoperator.15.WhatisthehardestpartforMr.Moorerightnow?A.Collectingalargeamountofdata.B.Dealingwithunpredictablesituations.C.Keepingrobotsmovingsteadily.16.WhatdoesMr.Moorethinkisthefutureofrobots?A.Theywillfocusontheindustry.B.Theywillreplacehumanworkers.C.Theywillbewidelyusedindailylife.听第10段录音，回答第17至20题。17.Whatdotheteenagersdowiththetrashlater?A.Theyburyitbythelake.B.Theytakeithomeforreuse.C.Theysortanddealwithitonland.18.WhatmotivatedMarharatostartthelakecleanup?A.Hisenvironmentalawareness.B.Aschoolprojectonpollution.C.Alocalenvironmentalorganization.19.HowmuchwastefailedtobeproperlymanagedinIndonesialastyear?A.Aroundonethird.B.Aroundonehalf.C.Aroundonefifth.20.WhatisthekeytosolvingIndonesia’swasteprobleminMarhara’sopinion?A.Makingsomestricterlaws.B.Formingacultureofcleaningup.C.Introducingmorerecyclingfacilities.第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2.5分，满分37.5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ABarrowBookStore,locatedinthehistorictownofConcord,Massachusetts,isahand-pickedbookshopthatinvitesvisitorstoimmerse(使沉浸)themselvesinaworldofliterature.Thischarmingstorefeaturesawiderangeofcategories,fromclassicliteraturetocontemporarybestsellers,ensuringthere’ssomethingforeverytypeofreader.Thewarmandinvitingatmosphereisenhancedbyknowledgeablestaffwhoarepassionateaboutbooksandalwaysreadytoofferrecommendations.Visitorscanspendhoursexploringtheshelves,discoveringliterarygems,andenjoyingthepleasantreadingcornersthatmakethisbookstorefeellikeahomeawayfromhome.Concordisknownforitssignificantliteraryhistory,beingthehomeoffamousauthorslikeLouisaMayAlcott,NathanielHawthorne,andRalphWaldoEmerson.BarrowBookStorecapturesthisspirit,oftenhostingauthorevents,readings,andbookclubsthatconnectthecommunityandvisitorsalike.Itismorethananordinarybookstore;it’saculturalcenterwhereliteratureandcommunityblendtogether.LocalTips·Visitonweekdaysforaquieterexperienceandmorepersonalizedservice.·Checktheirwebsiteforauthorsigningsandspecialevents.·Takeadvantageoftheirpleasantreadingcornerstoenjoyabookbeforemakingapurchase.BarrowBookStoreInformationGettingThere·Publictransport:Takebus220fromQuincyCentertoConcord.GetoffattheConcordstop,thenwalknorthonMainStreetforabout10minutes.Thebookstorewillbeonyourright.·Walking:FromQuincyCenter,walknorthwestonHancockStreet.TurnleftontoMainStreetandwalkabout1.5miles.Thebookstorewillbeonyourleft.·Bicycle:Rentabikefromalocalstation.Headnorthwest,andfollowthebikesignstowardConcordforabout2miles.Thebookstorewillbeonyourright.1.WhatmakesBarrowBookStorespecial?A.Ithasprofessionalstaffwithgoodadvice. B.Itofferscomfortablereadingcorners.C.Itmainlysellsclassicliteratureworks. D.Itholdsliteraturecommunityevents.2.Whenmayvisitorsgotothebookstore?A.At8:30amonMonday. B.At6:00pmonFriday.C.At9:00amonSaturday. D.At12:30pmonSunday.3.WhatisanavailablewaytogettoBarrowBookStore?A.WalktwomilesnorthwestonHancockStreet.B.Rentabikeandheadnorthwestonthebikepath.C.DrivefromdowntownBostonfollowingroadsigns.D.TakeRoute220fromQuincyCenter,thenwalksouth.【答案】1.D2.D3.B【解析】【导语】本文介绍了巴罗书店(BarrowBookStore)，包括书店特色、当地参观提示、营业时间以及前往书店的交通方式。【1题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“BarrowBookStorecapturesthisspirit,oftenhostingauthorevents,readings,andbookclubsthatconnectthecommunityandvisitorsalike.Itismorethananordinarybookstore;it’saculturalcenterwhereliteratureandcommunityblendtogether.(巴罗书店传承这种精神，经常举办作家见面会、读书会和读书俱乐部活动，将社区居民与访客紧密联系在一起。它不只是一家普通书店，更是文学与社区融为一体的文化中心。)”可知，这家书店的特别之处在于举办文学社区活动。【2题详解】细节理解题。根据图片内容可知，书店营业时间：周一至周六9:30am–5pm，周日12pm–4:30pm。D选项对应的时间“周日12:30”在开放时段内。【3题详解】细节理解题。根据Bicycle部分“Rentabikefromalocalstation.Headnorthwest,andfollowthebikesignstowardConcordforabout2miles.(在当地站点租一辆自行车，朝西北方向，沿着自行车标识往康科德骑行大约2英里。)”可知，可以租自行车，沿着自行车标识向西北骑行前往书店。BIn2026,apopularterm“Chinamaxxing”—combining“China”withGenZslang“maxxing”(optimizingone’slifearoundsomething)—hassweptglobalsocialmedia.Itdescribesoverseasyoungpeople’sgrowingenthusiasmforadoptingelementsofChinesedailylife,fromdrinkingwarmwaterandpracticingBaduanjinbreathingexercisestotraveling,shopping,andengagingwithChinesepopculture.WhatbeganascasualonlinejokesaboutChinesehabits—hotwater,indoorslippers(拖鞋),avoidingcoldfood—quicklyevolvedintoadeeperculturalexchange.ATikToker’sshortvideosofferingpracticallifestyletipsgainedmillionsofviewsworldwide.WhatfascinatesforeignaudiencesmostisnotChina’sskyscrapers,butthegentle,regularChinesewayoflifeinordinarydailyscenes—morningwarmdrinksthatgentlywakethebody,healthysoupsandcongeethatsoothethestomach,indoorslippersthatkeepthechillaway,aswellascommuting,cooking,andtravelingviahigh-speedrail.Manyyoungforeignersfindthatthisoffersahealthieralternativetotheirownhigh-stressdailyroutines.ContentthatbreaksoldstereotypesandpresentsrealChineselifealwaystriggersheateddiscussions.Thesehabitsarenotsuperficial;theycarrydeepphilosophicalroots.Thepreferenceforwarmwater,forexample,stemsfromtraditionalYin-YangandFiveElementstheory,where“warmth”signifiesnotjusttemperaturebuttheinnerpropertiesoffoodandlivingrhythms—apursuitofnaturalharmonythroughbalance.Suchsmalldailypracticesbringbothphysicalbenefitsandmentalcomfort,restoringagentlesenseofcontroloverone’sbodyandlife.Unlikeoldergenerationsraisedontraditionalmedia’seditednarratives,youngpeopleturntosocialmediaforfirst-hand,directknowledge,fundamentallyrenewingtheirunderstandingofChina.ForWesternyouth,embracingChineselifestyleelementsdoesnotmeanabandoningtheirownvalues.Rather,itoffersabalanced,steadyalternativetohighlygoal-centeredmodernliving.Thewidespread“Chinamaxxing”trendsignalsrisingglobalrecognitionofChina’ssoftpower.Moreimportantly,itservesasaclearwindowforinternationalaudiencestoseeareal,peaceful,andwelcomingChina.4.Whatcanbeseenasoneexampleofthe“Chinamaxxing”trend?A.Consumingcolddrinksaspartofaregularlifestyle.B.Wearingoutdoorshoesallthetimewhileindoors.C.PracticingtraditionalChineseexerciseslikeTaiChi.D.Obtainingfirst-handinformationviatraditionalmedia.5.WhatattractsoverseasyoungpeopletoChinesedailylifestylesmost?A.Itsimpressiveskyscrapersinthecity. B.Itspracticalshort-videolifestyletips.C.Itsconvenientonlineshoppingservices. D.Itsgentleandstress-relievingfeatures.6.Whydoestheauthormentionwarmwaterinparagraph4?A.TorevealaChinesehabitreflectstraditionalculture.B.Tostresspeople’sbasicneedforwarmthindailylife.C.Toshowancientmedicalrulesarestrictlyapplied.D.Toadviseforeignerstofollowthishealthylifestyle.7.Whatisthehiddenvalueofthe“Chinamaxxing”trend?A.Itpromotesglobalmedicaldevelopment.B.IthelpsreshapeglobalimpressionsofChina.C.Itstrengthensworldwideeconomicties.D.ItwillshiftWesternpeople’soveralllifestyles.【答案】4.C5.D6.A7.B【解析】【导语】文章介绍“极致中国化”热潮，阐释海外青年喜爱中国式生活方式的原因，说明该趋势有助于世界看见真实的中国。【4题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Itdescribesoverseasyoungpeople’sgrowingenthusiasmforadoptingelementsofChinesedailylife,fromdrinkingwarmwaterandpracticingBaduanjinbreathingexercisestotraveling,shopping,andengagingwithChinesepopculture.(它描述海外年轻人越来越热衷于接纳中国日常生活元素，从喝温水、练习八段锦呼吸功法到旅游、购物以及接触中国流行文化。)”可知，练习太极这类中国传统运动属于“极致中国化”趋势的例子。【5题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“WhatfascinatesforeignaudiencesmostisnotChina’sskyscrapers,butthegentle,regularChinesewayoflifeinordinarydailyscenes—morningwarmdrinksthatgentlywakethebody,healthysoupsandcongeethatsoothethestomach,indoorslippersthatkeepthechillaway,aswellascommuting,cooking,andtravelingviahigh-speedrail.(最吸引外国观众的并非中国的摩天大楼，而是普通日常场景里温和规律的中国式生活方式——清晨唤醒身体的热饮、养胃的养生汤粥、御寒的室内拖鞋，还有通勤、做饭以及乘坐高铁出行。)”可知，是这种温和、缓解压力的特点吸引海外年轻人。【6题详解】推理判断题。根据第四段“Thesehabitsarenotsuperficial;theycarrydeepphilosophicalroots.(这些习惯并非流于表面，它们蕴含深厚的哲学根源。)”可知，作者举温水的例子，是为表明这个中国习惯背后承载着传统文化。【7题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Moreimportantly,itservesasaclearwindowforinternationalaudiencestoseeareal,peaceful,andwelcomingChina.(更重要的是，它成为国际观众了解真实、平和、友善的中国的一扇清晰窗口。)”可知，这一趋势有助于重塑全球对中国的印象。CHaveyoueverreachedforyourphone,surethatithadjustvibratedinyourpocket,onlytofindablankscreenwithnomessages?Ifso,you’renotalone.Thiscommonexperienceevenhasaname:“phantomvibrationsyndrome”.Studiessuggestthatnearly90%ofmobilephoneusershavefeltthisatsomepoint.Butwhatcausesourbrainstoplaythistrickonus?Theanswerliesinhowwehavetrainedourmindsthroughconstantphoneuse.Ourbrainsarewiredtoexpectsocialconnections—messages,notifications(通知),updates.Whenweexpectsomethingstrongly,ourbraingetsreadyforthatsignal.Aslightmovementofclothingagainstskin,asmallmusclemovement,oreventhetensionofanticipationitselfcanbemisunderstoodbythebrainasthefamiliarbuzzofaphone.Itisbasicallya“falsealarm”fromanover-alert(过度警觉的)system.Thisphenomenonshowsjusthowdeeplyconnectedwehavebecometoourdevices.Thebrainlearnstokeepwatchingforincominginformation,creatingastateoflow-levelexpectationthatfollowsusthroughtheday.Eachtimewefeelaphantomvibration,itremindsusthatourmindshaveadaptedtoaworldwheresocialfeedbackarrivesinstantlyandallthetime.Thegoodnewsisthatthesefalsealarmshappenlessoftenwhenwechangeourhabits.Settingasidephone-freehourseachdayhelpsresetthebrain’sexpectations.Turningoffnotificationsfornon-essentialappsreducesthenumberofsignalsyourbrainiswaitingfor.Keepingphonesoutofthebedroom—usingatraditionalalarmclockinstead—givesthemindspacetorelax.Asyoucheckyourphonelessoften,yourbraingraduallylowersitsstateofalert,andthephantomvibrationsbegintofade.Ratherthanasignofphoneaddiction,thiscommonexperiencemightsimplybeourbrain’swayofsuggestingthatwecouldallbenefitfromalittlemoretimedisconnected.8.Whatis“phantomvibrationsyndrome”?A.Arealproblemwiththephone’svibrationmotor.B.Amentaldisordercausedbyfrequentphoneuse.C.Thebrainmistakenlysensingaphonevibration.D.Thesoundofaphonethatonlytheusercanhear.9.Whichofthefollowingcanbestreplacetheunderlinedphrase“arewiredto”inparagraph2?A.Areforcedto. B.Aresupposedto. C.Arebornto. D.Arelikelyto.10.Howdoesthe“low-levelexpectation”affectpeople?A.Bykeepingpeoplealerttosocialsignals. B.Bymakingpeopleignorealldailytasks.C.Byspeedinguppeople’sreactiontocalls. D.Byremovingdistractionsduringsleep.11.Whatcanweinferfromthetext?A.Phantomvibrationmeansseverephoneaddiction.B.Lessphoneusehelpswiththecommonsyndrome.C.Socialconnectionsgetweakenedbythesyndrome.D.Phonenotificationsshouldbetotallyturnedoff.【答案】8.C9.C10.A11.B【解析】【导语】本文介绍幻振综合征，解释其成因，说明它反映人与电子设备的紧密联系，并给出减少该现象的方法。【8题详解】细节理解题。根据第一段“Haveyoueverreachedforyourphone,surethatithadjustvibratedinyourpocket,onlytofindablankscreenwithnomessages?Ifso,you’renotalone.Thiscommonexperienceevenhasaname:“phantomvibrationsyndrome”.(你是否曾伸手去拿手机，确信它刚在口袋里震动过，结果却发现屏幕空白，没有任何消息？如果是这样，你并不孤单。这种常见的现象甚至有一个名字：“幻振综合征”。)”可知，幻振综合征是大脑误以为手机震动。【9题详解】词句猜测题。根据第二段“Ourbrainsarewiredtoexpectsocialconnections—messages,notifications(通知),updates.Whenweexpectsomethingstrongly,ourbraingetsreadyforthatsignal.(我们的大脑arewiredto渴望社交联结——信息、通知、动态更新。当我们强烈期待某样事物时，大脑就会为接收该信号做好准备。)”可知，此处指大脑天生就渴望社交联结，所以猜测arewiredto表示“天生就、生来就”，和arebornto同义。【10题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“Thebrainlearnstokeepwatchingforincominginformation,creatingastateoflow-levelexpectationthatfollowsusthroughtheday.(大脑学会持续留意即将到来的信息，形成一种低度期待的状态，整日伴随我们。)”可知，这种低度期待让人们对社交信号保持警觉。【11题详解】推理判断题。根据最后一段“Thegoodnewsisthatthesefalsealarmshappenlessoftenwhenwechangeourhabits.(好消息是，当我们改变习惯时，这些误报发生的频率会降低。)”可知，减少手机使用有助于改善这种综合征。DInagroundbreakingdevelopmentforartificialintelligence,researchersatVUB’sDataAnalyticsLabhavedemonstratedthatcommerciallanguagemodelscancontributetooriginalmathematicaldiscoveries.TheirstudyrevealsthatOpenAI’sChatGPT-5.2(‘Thinking’)playedapivotalroleinprovingacomplex2024conjectureproposedbymathematiciansRanandTeng,aproblemthathadpreviouslyremainedunsolved.TheresearchteamengagedinsevendistinctchatsessionswiththeAI,repeatingthroughfourdifferentversionsoftheargument.Whilethehumanresearchersprovidedthenecessaryoversighttoensurelogicalcompleteness,ChatGPTwasresponsiblefordevelopingthecorestructureoftheproof.Thiscollaborativeprocess,whichtheteamterms“vibe-proving”,mirrorstheconceptof“vibe-coding”usedinsoftwaredevelopment,whereAIassistsinorganizingandexploringcomplextheoreticallandscapes.BrechtVerbeken,apostdoctoralresearcherinvolvedintheproject,wasastonishedbyhowquicklytheAIproducedausableproofstructure.“IhadlongsuspectedthatChatGPTcouldhelpmeproveunsolvedmathematicalproblems,andyetthereal-worldperformancefarexceededmyexpectations,”hestated.ThefindingschallengetheprevailingmisconceptionthatAIcreativityismerelyarecombinationofexistingtrainingdata.Instead,thisworksuggeststhatcommerciallyavailablemodelspossessthecapacityforgenuinetheoreticalinnovation.However,thestudyalsohighlightsacriticalbottleneckinthisnewmethodology.DespitetheAI’sabilitytogeneratecandidateproofsrapidly,theresearchersemphasizethathumanexpertsremainessentialtoverify(验证)theargumentsandresolveanyremaininggaps.AndresAlgaba,aprofessoratthelab,notesthatwhileformulatingproofsisnowfaster,thefinalreviewstageistime-consuming.Nevertheless,theteamremainsoptimisticthatlanguagemodelswilleventuallyassistinthisverificationstageaswell.ThisexperimentmarksasignificantshiftinhowweperceiveAI’sroleintheoreticalresearch.Itmovesbeyondsimpleassistanceincodingorwriting,suggestingafuturewhereAIactsasacollaborativepartnerinthepreciseandcreativeprocessofmathematicaldiscovery.12.Whatcanbeconcludedabout“vibe-proving”?A.Itrequiresnohumanintervention. B.Itisinspiredbysoftwaredevelopment.C.Itisslowerthantraditionalmethods. D.Itisusedforsimpletheoreticaltasks.13.HowdidBrechtVerbekenreacttotheresearchoutcome?A.Withdoubtaboutitsreliability. B.Withsurpriseatitsefficiency.C.Withpraiseforitscreativity. D.Withconcernoveritsspeed.14.Whichaspectofthenewmethodologyisregardedasthebiggestchallenge?A.Thehumanverificationprocess. B.Thecostofthesoftware.C.Thelackofwell-trainedAItools. D.Thespeedofthecomputer.15.Whatisthetextmainlyabout?A.ThereplacementofhumanmathematiciansbyAI.B.Anewmethodforrapidcomputercodegeneration.C.ThelimitationsofcommercialAImodelsinscience.D.AI’sroleinoriginalmathematicaldiscoveryresearch.【答案】12.B13.B14.A15.D【解析】【导语】文章主要说明了主要介绍了商用语言模型可助力原创数学发现的相关研究内容、价值与现存瓶颈。【12题详解】细节理解题。根据第二段“Thiscollaborativeprocess,whichtheteamterms“vibe-proving”,mirrorstheconceptof“vibe-coding”usedinsoftwaredevelopment,whereAIassistsinorganizingandexploringcomplextheoreticallandscapes.(这个协作过程，团队称之为“氛围式验证”，类似于软件开发中使用的“氛围编码”概念，即人工智能协助组织和探索复杂的理论领域)”可知，“vibe-proving”的灵感来自软件开发。【13题详解】细节理解题。根据第三段“BrechtVerbeken,apostdoctoralresearcherinvolvedintheproject,wasastonishedbyhowquicklytheAIproducedausableproofstructure.(参与该项目的博士后研究员布雷赫特·维尔贝肯对人工智能生成可用证明结构的速度感到惊讶)”可知，BrechtVerbeken对AI如此迅速地生成可用的证明结构感到震惊，即他对AI的高效性感到惊讶。【14题详解】细节理解题。根据第四段“However,thestudyalsohighlightsacriticalbottleneckinthisnewmethodology.DespitetheAI’sabilitytogeneratecandidateproofsrapidly,theresearchersemphasizethathumanexpertsremainessentialtoverify(验证)theargumentsandresolveanyremaininggaps.AndresAlgaba,aprofessoratthelab,notesthatwhileformulatingproofsisnowfaster,thefinalreviewstageistime-consuming.(然而，该研究也指出了这一新方法中的一个关键瓶颈。尽管人工智能能够快速生成候选证明，但研究人员强调，人类专家仍对验证论证和填补尚存的逻辑缺口至关重要。实验室教授安德烈斯·阿尔加巴指出，虽然构建证明的过程现在更快了，但最终的审查阶段仍然耗时)”可知，该新方法的一个关键瓶颈（最大挑战）是仍然需要人类专家来验证论证，且最终的审查阶段非常耗时。【15题详解】主旨大意题。文章第一段开篇点题，指出商业语言模型可以为原创数学发现做出贡献；中间段落详细介绍了AI如何协助数学家证明复杂的猜想以及面临的验证挑战；最后一段总结指出，这标志着AI在理论研究（数学发现）中正成为人类的合作伙伴。因此，全文主要探讨了AI在原创数学发现研究中的作用。第二节（共5小题；每小题2.5分，满分12.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。It’sMoreThanOKforKidstoBeBoredParentsoftenworrywhenkidssaythey’rebored,butboredomisuniversal.Itpersistsacrossculturesbecauseitpushesustoseeknewgoalsandchallenges.ArthurBrooks,aprofessorofpublicandnonprofitleadershipatHarvard,hasfoundthatboredomisnecessaryforreflection.____16____Italsooffersabrainboostthatcandevelopachild’scuriosityandcreativity.Learningtomanageboredomandothernegativeemotionsisanimportantlifeskill.Whenchildrenmanagetheirowntime,itcanhelpthemdevelopexecutivefunction,whichincludestheabilitytosetgoalsandmakeplans.Thebenefitsofboredommakesensefromanevolutionary(进化论的)perspective.Boredomisextremelycommon.____17____Andteensareespeciallylikelytoexperienceboredom.Naturalselectionfavorstraitsthatgiveanadvantage,soitisunlikelythatboredomwouldbesocommonifitdidnotdeliversomeadvantages.____18____Psychologistshavefoundthatcollegestudentswithoverlyinvolvedparentssufferfrommoredepression.Otherresearchshowsthatyoungchildrenwhoweregivenscreenstohelpthemcalmdownwerelessequippedtomanagetheiremotionsastheygotolder.Ittakespracticetolearnhowtomanageboredom.Startwithshortperiodsofboredomandworkuptolongerstretchesofunstructuredtime.Tipsforparentsincludegettingkidsoutside,suggestinganewgameorrecipe,orsimplyresting.____19____Sowhenachildcomplainsofboredom,parentsneedn’tfeelashamedorannoyed.____20____Itencouragesustotakechargeofourownlives,discovernewinterestsandrisetonewchallenges.A.Boredomisahealthypartoflife.B.Itaffectsallages,gendersandcultures.C.Givingkidsscreensisausefulwaytoavoidboredom.D.Therearevariouswaysforparentstopreventtheirchildrenfrombeingbored.E.Thisthinkingtimeleavesroomtoaskthebigquestionsinlifeandfindmeaning.F.Thesesmallmovescanhelpchildrengetcomfortablewithunplannedtime.G.Parentsshouldbecautiousabouttreatingboredomasaproblemtheymustsolvefortheirkids.【答案】16.E17.B18.G19.F20.A【解析】【导语】文章指出无聊对孩子有益，能激发思考与创造力。父母不必急于帮孩子消除无聊，应让孩子练习自主应对，无聊是生活中健康的一部分。【16题详解】根据上文“ArthurBrooks,aprofessorofpublicandnonprofitleadershipatHarvard,hasfoundthatboredomisnecessaryforreflection.(哈佛大学公共与非营利领导力教授亚瑟·布鲁克斯发现，无聊对于反思是必要的)”可知，前文提到无聊是反思的必要条件，E选项“这段思考的时间，让人有机会提出人生中的重大问题，并找到意义。”的“这种思考时间”承接“反思”的内容，说明反思的作用，衔接自然。【17题详解】根据上文“Thebenefitsofboredommakesensefromanevolutionary(进化论的)perspective.Boredomisextremelycommon.(从进化论的角度来看，无聊的好处是合乎逻辑的。无聊极为普遍)”以及后文“Andteensareespeciallylikelytoexperienceboredom.Naturalselectionfavorstraitsthatgiveanadvantage,soitisunlikelythatboredomwouldbesocommonifitdidnotdeliversomeadvantages.(青少年尤其容易感到无聊。自然选择倾向于提供带来优势的特征，因此如果无聊没有带来任何好处，它不太可能如此普遍)”可知，前文指出无聊非常普遍，后文提到青少年尤其容易感到无聊，B选项“它影响着所有年龄、性别和文化的人群。”说明无聊影响所有年龄、性别和文化，承接“普遍”的特点，引出后文的特定群体情况。【18题详解】根据后文“Psychologistshavefoundthatcollegestudentswithoverlyinvolvedparentssufferfrommoredepression.Otherresearchshowsthatyoungchildrenwhoweregivenscreenstohelpthemcalmdownwerelessequippedtomanagetheiremotionsastheygotolder.(心理学家发现，父母过度干预的大学生更容易患上抑郁症。其他研究表明，那些被给予屏幕帮助安抚情绪的幼儿，随着年龄增长，其情绪管理能力反而较差)”可知，本段后文列举了过度干预孩子的家长，其子女更容易抑郁、用电子设备安抚的孩子长大后情绪管理能力更差的反面案例，G选项“父母应谨慎对待将孩子无聊视为必须解决的问题。”提醒家长不要把无聊当成必须替孩子解决的问题，总领本段内容。【19题详解】根据上文“Ittakespracticetolearnhowtomanageboredom.Startwithshortperiodsofboredomandworkuptolongerstretchesofunstructuredtime.Tipsforparentsincludegettingkidsoutside,suggestinganewgameorrecipe,orsimplyresting.(学会如何应对无聊需要练习。可以从短暂的无聊开始，逐步过渡到更长的自由活动时间。家长可以尝试带孩子外出、提议新的游戏或食谱，或者只是让他们休息一下)”可知，前文给家长列举了帮助孩子应对无聊的小技巧，F选项“这些小调整可以帮助孩子适应不规律的时间安排。”的“这些小举措”指代前文的技巧，说明其作用，逻辑连贯。【20题详解】根据后文“Itencouragesustotakechargeofourownlives,discovernewinterestsandrisetonewchallenges.(它鼓励我们掌控自己的生活，发现新的兴趣，并迎接新的挑战)”可知，后文阐述无聊能促使我们掌控生活、发现新兴趣、迎接新挑战，A选项“无聊是生活中健康的一部分。”点明无聊是生活中健康的部分，引出后文对无聊积极意义的总结。第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。Weoftenunderestimatekindness,yetitcanaltersomeone’sday—andourown.This____21____wasillustratedbyCynSymone,whosemissedflightledhertohelpastrangeratLosAngelesInternationalAirport.Onarainyafternoon,Symone’sflightwascanceled.Shewenttobaggageclaim,____22____ifherdaycouldgetworse.Thensheheardsobs(抽噎)fromanearby____23____.Shehesitatedtointervene,becauseshefeareddisturbingthestranger’sprivacy.Thecryingcontinued,andSymone’sempathy____24____herhesitation.Sheknocked.Whenthedooropened,shewas____25____toseetwochildrensleepingonthefloor,theirmotherinthecornerofthebathroom,tearsstreamingdown.ThroughbrokenEnglish,shelearnedthewomanhadmissedherbusandhadnomoney,____26____ataloss.Immediately,Symone____27____tohelp,payingforahotelroom.Astheywalkedthere,themothersharedher____28____story—theytraveledtovisitasickrelative,onlytofaceunexpecteddelays.Symonelistenedpatiently,offeringwordsthat____29____thewoman’sanxiety.Thatnight,watchingthefamilysettlein,anewsenseoffulfillment____30____overher.Sherecalled,“Ifeltupsetaboutmissingmyflight,buthelpingthemdidn’tjustrelievetheirplight(困境)—it____31____myfrustrationandfilledmyheartwithwarmth.”Herexperiencesupportsresearchshowing____32____benefitsbothgiverandreceiver.Whatseemeda(n)____33____detour(绕行)becameasignificantencounter.Herstoryisapowerful____34____thathelpingstrangersnourishesoursouls.Eachactofkindness____35____arippleofwarmthtouchingothersandourselves.21.A.truth B.doubt C.test D.question22.A.discussing B.wondering C.proving D.denying23.A.seat B.office C.counter D.bathroom24.A.confirmed B.allowed C.relieved D.presented25.A.astonished B.annoyed C.disappointed D.embarrassed26.A.tightly B.completely C.hardly D.slightly27.A.followed B.forgot C.volunteered D.hesitated28.A.time-consuming B.eye-catching C.peace-loving D.heart-breaking29.A.punished B.remembered C.eased D.caused30.A.washed B.knocked C.rolled D.slipped31.A.gaveaway B.tookaway C.putaway D.threwaway32.A.kindness B.happiness C.calmness D.fairness33.A.interesting B.familiar C.remote D.meaningless34.A.victory B.dialogue C.reminder D.activity35.A.predicts B.restores C.describes D.creates【答案】21.A22.B23.D24.C25.A26.B27.C28.D29.C30.A31.B32.A33.D34.C35.D【解析】【导语】本文讲述了CynSymone因航班取消滞留机场，偶遇一位陷入困境的陌生母亲并伸出援手。这次善举不仅帮助了对方，也消解了自己的沮丧，诠释善意能同时惠及施予者与接收者。【21题详解】考查名词。句意：这个真理由CynSymone的经历印证，她错过航班后在洛杉矶国际机场帮助了一位陌生人。A.truth真理；B.doubt怀疑；C.test测试；D.question问题。根据上文“Weoftenunderestimatekindness,yetitcanaltersomeone’sday—andourown.”可知，“善良能改变他人和自己的一天”是普遍真理，CynSymone的经历能印证这一点。【22题详解】考查动词。句意：她走到行李提取处，心里想着自己的日子会不会变得更糟。A.discussing讨论；B.wondering想知道；C.proving证明；D.denying否认。根据上文“Onarainyafternoon,Symone’sflightwascanceled.”可知，航班取消，她内心在琢磨事情会不会继续变坏。【23题详解】考查名词。句意：接着她听到附近洗手间传来抽噎声。A.seat座位；B.office办公室；C.counter柜台；D.bathroom洗手间。根据第三段“inthecornerofthebathroom”可知，哭声来自洗手间。【24题详解】考查动词。句意：哭泣持续不断，Symone的共情减轻了她的犹豫。A.confirmed确认；B.allowed允许；C.relieved缓解；D.presented呈现。根据上文“Shehesitatedtointervene”及“empathy”可知，她原本犹豫，但她的同情心减轻了这份迟疑。【25题详解】考查形容词。句意：门打开时，她吃惊地看到两个孩子睡在地上，他们的母亲坐在洗手间角落，泪流满面。A.astonished吃惊的；B.annoyed恼怒的；C.disappointed失望的；D.embarrassed尴尬的。根据下文“twochildrensleepingont