高中英语名词后缀小结及练习题（附答案）

高中英语名词后缀小结及练习题（附答案）名词后缀(一)1­er：表示“……的人”，“……地方的人”，“做……的人”，“……物”，“用于……的工具”等worker工人teacher老师engineer工程师employer雇用者，雇主lawyer律师printer打印机cleaner清洁工；吸尘器cooker炉具counter柜台，结账处computer电脑drawer抽屉foreigner外国人interviewer采访者leader领袖，领导人manager经理receiver电话听筒reporter记者，通讯员settler移民；殖民者recorder录音机stranger陌生人teenager(13至19岁之间的)青少年trainer教练员thriller惊险小说container容器messenger报信者murderer凶手2­or：表示“……人”，“……物”，“……器”等visitor访问者competitor竞赛者elevator电梯ancestor祖宗，祖先conductor管理人；指导者director所长；导演razor剃须刀translator翻译(者)ambassador大使actor(男)演员author作者；作家bachelor未婚男子；学士tutor家庭教师tractor拖拉机sensor传感器sponsor赞助商sailor水手；海员operator接线员professor教授mirror镜子monitor班长；显示器mayor市长labor劳动inventor发明者3­ar：表示“……人”，“……物”等beggar乞丐liar说谎的人calendar日历cigar雪茄烟4­ant：表示“……人”，“……物”等applicant申请人assistant助手，助理attendant服务员defendant被告descendant后裔；子孙merchant商人；批发商migrant移居者immigrant移民，侨民servant仆人，用人pollutant污染物5­ist：表示“……专家”，“……主义者”，“……的实行者”等chemist药剂师；化学家physicist物理学家artist艺术家dentist牙科医生journalist记者；新闻工作者novelist小说家pianist钢琴家socialist社会主义者violinist小提琴演奏者specialist专家；专科医生biologist生物学家scientist科学家typist打字员6­(i)an：表示“……地方的人”，“精通……的人”等magician魔术师electrician电工technician技术人员musician音乐家physician医生；内科医生politician政治家librarian图书管理员Indian印度人；印第安人Canadian加拿大人Egyptian埃及人Australian澳大利亚人Asian亚洲人7­ee：表示“受动者”，“处于某一情况下的人”，“与……有关的人(或物)”等employee雇员interviewee被采访者；接受面试者trainee实习生refugee难民，避难者(二)1­th：表示“动作”，“性质”，“过程”，“状态”等warmth暖和，温暖growth生长；增长death死，死亡length长，长度width宽度；广度depth深，深度health健康；卫生strength力量；长处truth真理；事实breath气息；呼吸breadth宽度wealth财富2­dom：表示“状态”，“领域”等kingdom王国freedom自由wisdom智慧3­age：表示“状态”，“总称”，“费用”，“物品”等storage贮藏；储存marriage结婚，婚姻baggage行李carriage(火车的)客车厢postage邮费percentage百分率shortage缺乏，缺少package包，袋，盒usage使用；用法message消息，音信luggage(总称)行李4­ence/­ance：表示“状况”，“性质”，“过程”，“行为”，“总量”，“程度”等reference提到，涉及preference偏爱；爱好performance演出，表演insurance保险independence独立guidance引导，指导existence存在；生存dependence依赖；依靠assistance帮助，援助appearance出现；外表allowance津贴，补助acquaintance熟人；相识coincidence巧合consequence结果，后果convenience便利significance重要性；意义intelligence智力，智慧resistance抵抗；反抗occurrence发生；出现performance演出，表演5­ity/­ty/­y：表示“程度”，“性质”，“状态”等variety不同种类similarity相似；类似security安全，平安safety安全，平安responsibility责任，负责recovery恢复，复原reality现实publicity宣传，宣扬priority优先权possibility可能性popularity普及personality个性；品格nationality国籍minority少数；少数民族majority大多数loyalty忠诚；忠心inquiry探究；调查equality平等；相等electricity电；电能discovery发现disability残疾；障碍difficulty困难；艰难cruelty残酷，残忍certainty必然；确实authority权力，权威activity活动ability能力；才能(三)1­ness：表示“状态”，“程度”，“性质”等rudeness无礼；粗蛮sadness悲伤，难过darkness黑暗，阴暗illness疾病kindness仁慈；善良weakness软弱；弱点sickness疾病2­ship：表示“身份”，“性质”，“情况”等citizenship公民scholarship奖学金，学识partnership合伙，合作关系friendship友谊ownership所有权，物主身份membership会员资格，会员身份hardship困境leadership领导；领导能力relationship关系3­cy：表示“性质”，“状态”等tendency倾向；偏好privacy隐私；秘密frequency频率；频繁fluency流利，流畅emergency紧急情况；突发事件efficiency效率；功效accuracy准确，精确agency代理机构4­al：表示“性质”，“状态”等appeal上诉；吸引力arrival到达survival存活，幸存proposal建议；求婚original原稿，原件，原作criminal罪犯approval赞成，同意festival节；节日official官员5­ure/­ture/­ature：表示“行为”，“状态”，“结果”，“功能”等adventure冒险agriculture农业measure量度furniture(可移动的)家具mixture混合物temperature温度signature签名pressure压迫；压力pleasure高兴；乐事literature文学failure失败departure离开，启程creature生物；动物architecture建筑学6­ment：表示“行为”，“状态”，“过程”，“手段”，“结果”等treatment治疗；对待statement声明；陈诉settlement协议；解决requirement需要；必要条件punishment惩罚payment付款，支付pavement人行道movement运动；活动management管理judgment判决；识别力involvement牵连；包含investment投资improvement改进；改善government政府excitement激动equipment装备；设备entertainment娱乐enjoyment享受；乐趣encouragement鼓励employment失业disagreement意见不一致development发展assessment看法，评价arrangement安排，布置argument争论，辩论appointment约会，预约announcement通告，通知amusement娱乐agreement同意，一致advertisement广告adjustment调整；适应achievement成就，成绩(四)1­ing：表示“过程”，“动作”，“事件”，“原材料”，“职业”，“结果或产物”等suffering痛苦，苦难belongings财产，财物building建筑物feeling感情；感觉hearing听力；听觉lightning闪电meaning意思，含义beginning开始，开端opening开放；缺口crossing十字路口clothing(总称)衣服ending结局；结尾greeting问候，招呼painting油画，绘画reading阅读；读本swimming游泳understanding领悟，理解warning警告wedding婚礼spelling拼写saying谚语，格言stocking长筒女袜2­(s)sion：表示“行为”，“状态”，“性质”，“结果”等conclusion结论；结束discussion讨论expression表达；表情expansion膨胀；阐述division除(法)；分割admission准许加入；承认comprehension理解力decision决定；抉择explosion爆炸；爆发impression印象，感觉permission允许，许可possession具有，拥有tension紧张局势；紧张状态aggression侵略profession职业3­ation/­ion/­tion：表示“动作”，“性质”，“行为”，“事情”，“结果”，“过程”等action行动addition增加accommodation住宿，膳宿administration管理application申请appreciation欣赏；感激association协会，社团attention注意；关心attraction吸引；爱慕celebration庆典civilization文明collection收藏品combination联合communication交流；交往competition比赛，竞赛composition作文；作曲concentration集中；专注congratulation祝贺，庆贺connection连接；接通conservation保存consideration仔细考虑construction建筑物contribution投稿；捐款；贡献conversation谈话，交谈decoration装饰；装饰品description描述，描写destination目的地devotion奉献dictation听写；口述direction方向；方位edition版本education教育election选举；当选exhibition展览expectation预料；期望explanation解释，说明graduation毕业；毕业典礼imagination想象；想象力immigration移民information信息instruction用法说明intention打算，计划introduction引进；介绍invention发明，创造invitation邀请；请帖occupation职业，工作operation手术；操作organization组织，机构pollution污染population人口，人数preparation准备presentation提交；授予；展示pronunciation发音protection保护reception接待reputation名声，名誉satisfaction满意section段；部门selection选择，挑选separation分离，隔离situation形势，情况starvation饥饿；饿死suggestion建议translation翻译；译文transportation运输业vacation假期Ⅰ.根据释义和首字母写出单词1．c：alargepieceofequipmentforcookingfoodonorin2．e：amachinethatcarriespeopleupanddownbetweenthelevelsofatallbuilding3．b：apoorpersonwholivesbyaskingothersformoneyorfood4．a：someonewhohasformallyasked，usuallyinwriting，forajob，universityplaceetc.5．c：ascientistwhohasspecialknowledgeandtraininginchemistry6．m：amanwhoisskilledinmagic7．i：apersonwhoanswersthequestionsduringaninterview8．e：apersonwhodesigns，buildsormaintainsengines，machines，bridges，railways，mines，etc.9．s：apersonorcompanythatpaysforashow，broadcast，sportseventetc.especiallyinexchangefortherighttoadvertiseatthatevent10．l：apersonwhoworksinalibraryⅡ.用方框内所给词的正确形式填空interviewee，interviewer，trainer，trainee，employer，employee1．Hefounditveryshamefultohavetoworkforhisformer_________.2．My_________saysIshouldrunanhoureveryday.3．Atelevision__________shouldalwaysgivethe__________aproperchancetoexpresshisorheropinions.4．Theteachersareallhappythatthe_________havecheckedoutallright.5．Theirsituationsarenowchangedasemployeehasbecome___________.Ⅲ.依照示例写出单词Example：Asensorisadevicewhichisusedtorecordthepresenceofsomethingorchangesinsomething.1．A___________isapersonwhoisqualifiedtoadvisepeopleaboutthelawandrepresentthemincourt.2．An___________isapersonwhoisemployedtooperateorcontrolamachine.3．A__________isapersonwhodeliberatelysaysthingswhicharenottrue.4．A_________isapersonwhobuysorsellsgoodsinlargequantities，especiallyonewhoimportsandexportsthem.5．A_________isapersonwhoplaysthepiano.6．A_________isapersonwhosejobisinpolitics，especiallyanelectedmemberofthegovernment.7．________arepeoplewhohavebeenforcedtoleavetheirhomesortheircountry，eitherbecausethereisawarorbecauseoftheirpoliticalorreligiousbeliefs.8．An________isapersonwhohascometoliveinacountryfromsomeothercountrypermanently.9．Atelephone’s_________isthepartthatyouholdneartoyourearandspeakinto.10．A________isapersonwhomurderssomeoneelse.Ⅳ.根据句意和所缺单词的首字母，写出单词的正确形式1．Ican’tattendthemeetingbutI’llsendmyainmystead.2．Youshouldhaveyourteethcheckedbyadatleasttwiceayear.3．Thismhascomposedalovelypieceofmusic.4．IthinkgettingagoldmedalintheOlympicGamesisthedreamofeveryc.5．He’sbeenworkingintheteabusinesssincehewasat.6．Thousandsofrhaveenteredthecampsalongthebordersinrecentdays.7．Agoodtcanfinishtypingthelongarticleinashortwhile.8．ThomasAlvaEdisonwasagreatAmericani.Ⅴ.给括号内的单词加上适当的后缀，并用其正确形式填空1．Ilikewatchingtheperformanceofthat___________(magic)．2．Hisnewbookshowshimtobeafirst­rate__________(novel)．3．Whenthelandwasseen，the________(sail)letoutacryofjoy.4．Sulphurdioxide(二氧化硫)isoneoftheseveral________(pollute)thatarereleasedintotheatmospherebycoal­firedpowerstations.5．Herequestedhelpfromthe________(library)tolocatethebookhewanted.6．Chrishasaneveningjobasanoffice_________(clean)．7．He’ssucha________(lie)—youcan’ttrustawordhesays.8．We’llhavean_________(attend)withhim24hoursaday，tokeepaneyeonhim.9．Theyarediscouragedfrombecomingclosefriendswith__________(foreign)．10．TimesSquareattractsmorethan30million__________(visit)annually.Ⅰ.根据释义和首字母写出单词1．l：themeasurementofsomethingfromendtoendoralongitslongestside2．w：goodsenseandjudgment，basedespeciallyonyourexperienceoflife3．m：therelationshipbetweentwopeoplewhoaremarried，orthestateofbeingmarried4．p：likingforsomethingmorethansomethingelse5．c：aresultoreffectofsomething6．w：thefeelingofheat7．s：asituationinwhichthereisnotenoughofsomethingthatpeopleneed8．g：helpandadvicethatisgiventosomeoneabouttheirwork，education，orpersonallife9．s：beingsafe；notbeingdangerousorindanger10．v：adifferenttypeofsomethingⅡ.用方框内所给词的正确形式填空inquire，depend，cruel，use，wide，post1．Theneedleisseventimessmallerthanthe___________ofahumanhair.2．Adictionaryhelpsonetodistinguishcorrectandincorrect________.3．Howmuchisthe_________foranairmaillettertoCanada?4．Thecompanyneedstoreduceits____________onjustoneparticularproduct.5．I’vebeenmaking__________aboutthecostofaround­the­worldticket.6．Britainhadlawsagainst__________toanimalsbutnonetoprotectchildren.Ⅲ.根据句意和所缺单词的首字母，写出单词的正确形式1．Thereareveryfewfishatdbelow3,000metres.2．She’swellawareofhersandweaknessesasanartist.3．HowmanycountriesmakeuptheUnitedK？4．Whatpofwomenreturntoworkafterhavingababy?5．Women，ingeneral，tendtobemoreconcernedthanmenabouttheirpersonala.6．Thefrequentoofearthquakesintheareameansthatthebuildingsmustbespecificallydesignedtowithstandtheforce.7．Journalistsmayenterthedangerzonebutunfortunatelywecannotassuretheirs.8．Shemadeaquickrafterherillness.9．Whenpreparingmeals，youneedtothinkaboutvandtasteaswellasnutritionalvalue.10．Justforc，I’mgoingtoliveatmymother’splaceuntilmynewhouseisready.Ⅳ.给括号内的单词加上适当的后缀，并用其正确形式填空1．Shetriednottoshow__(prefer)inhertreatmentofthechildreninhercare.2．Therearesome___(similar)betweenthetwopoets.3．Amongthemembersofthecommitteethosewhofavourtheproposedchangesareinthe_________(major)．4．Scientistshavemanytheoriesabouthowtheuniversefirstcameinto__________(exist)．5．We’vehadtobuildsomecupboardstogiveusmore_______(store)space.6．Childrenareallowedmuchmore_________(free)thesedays.7．We’veseenanenormous_______(grow)inthenumberofbusinessesusingtheWeb.8．Thecompanyneedsmorefinancial________(assist)fromthegovernment.9．Peoplewithout__________(insure)hadtopayfortheirownrepairs.10．Smallcarshavegainedin________(popular)asgaspriceshaverisen.Ⅴ.根据提示翻译句子1．所有活动都在经验丰富的导师指导下进行。(undertheguidanceof)2．他们毫无困难地认出了这个人。(withoutdifficulty)3．在舞蹈班上男孩子占极少数。(intheminority)4．由于身体欠佳，他失去了机会。(asaconsequenceof)5．我喜欢读严肃小说胜于通俗小说。(haveapreferencefor)6．尽管他大声喊叫，却没有人来帮助他。(cometoone’sassistance)Ⅰ.将左栏的单词与右栏的释义连线1．weaknessA．correct，exactandwithoutanymistakes2．friendshipB．difficultorunpleasantconditionsoflife，oranexampleofthis3．frequencyC．anactofleavingaplace，especiallyatthestartofajourney4．arrivalD．aparticularthingthatyouhaveachieved5．mixtureE．acombinationoftwoormoredifferentthings，people，qualities，etc.6．treatmentF．thewayyoudealwithorbehavetowardssomeoneorsomething7．achievementG．afaultinsomeone’scharacterorinasystem，organization，designetc.8．departureH．thenumberoftimesthatsomethinghappenswithinaparticularperiodoftimeorwithinaparticulargroupofpeople9．hardshipI．afeelingorrelationshipbetweenfriends；stateofbeingfriends10．accuracyJ．anactofarrivingⅡ.用方框内所给词的正确形式填空owner，survive，rude，fail，state，origin1．Canyouletmehavethe________ofyourreport？Ican’treadthisphotocopy.2．__________inoneexaminationshouldnotstopyoutryingagain.3．Thegovernmentisexpectedtoissuea_________abouttheinvestigationtothepress.4．The__________rateforpeoplewhohavethisformofcancerisnowmorethan90%.5．Thecompanywasreturnedtoprivate____________inmid­1987.6．BillmadeanapologytoTomforhis.Ⅲ.根据句意和所缺单词的首字母，写出单词的正确形式1．Moreandmorewastewillbeproducedwiththedofindustry.2．Aftertheoperationshewasabletoenjoysimplepsuchasawalkinthepark.3．Theprojecthasnowreceivedafromthegovernment.4．Thefamoussingerwillappearthisfallatthemusicf.5．Shemadeafewminoratothefocusofhercamera.6．Theirfgoesbacktowhentheywereatschooltogether.7．Thelampsuddenlywentout，leavingusind.8．Theonlypieceoffhehasinhisbedroomisabed.9．Thechildrenhadanaaboutwhatgametoplay.10．Potatoescanprovideone­thirdofourdailyrofvitaminC.Ⅳ.给括号内的单词加上适当的后缀，并用其正确形式填空1．Itwaswithgreat(sad)thatwelearnedofhisdeath.2．Werememberhismanysmall(kind)tothechildren.3．The1930swasatimeofhighunemploymentandeconomic(hard)inmuchoftheUnitedKingdom.4．Ihavenodoubtthatthemanisguiltyandthathedeserves(punish)．5．Thetownisa(mix)oftheoldandnew.6．Therehasbeenanangryreactiontothegovernment’s(propose)toreduceunemploymentbenefit.7．Thebest(treat)foracoldistorestanddrinklotsoffluids.8．(arrange)weremadetomovetheprisonerstoanotherprison.9．It’stoosoontomakea(judge)aboutwhattheoutcomewillbe.10．Shelefthometoescapethe(press)toconformtoherfamily’swayoflife.Ⅴ.根据提示翻译句子1．关于应该做什么，全家人与她意见一致。(inagreementwith)2．如果你想预约，你应该给他的秘书打个电话。(makeanappointment)3．我迫不得已才去为妻子买了件新上衣。(underpressure)4．在党的领导下，我们过着幸福生活。(undertheleadershipof)5．他一到车站就发现他的皮夹被偷了。(onone’sarrival)Ⅰ.根据释义和首字母写出单词1．a：theinterestorthoughtyougivetosomethingyouarelisteningtoorwatching2．a：anactionorpowerofattracting3．c：aspecialsocialevent，suchasaparty，whenyoucelebratesomething，ortheactofcelebratingsomething4．i：theprocessoftellingsomeoneanotherperson’snamewhentheymeetforthefirsttime5．i：awrittenorspokenrequesttosomeone，invitingthemtogosomewhereordosomething6．s：seriousphysicalormentalpain7．l：aflashofbrightlightintheskywhichisproducedbyelectricitymovingbetweencloudsorfromcloudstotheground8．d：aconversationaboutsomething，usuallysomethingimportant9．d：deciding；makingupone’smind10．i：anideaoropinionofwhatsomethingislikeⅡ.用方框内所给词的正确形式填空separate，swim，belong，conclude，intend，appreciate，consider，connect，elect，permit1．Iwentintotownwiththeofvisitingthelibrary.2．Onlyabout20%ofthepeoplevotedinthelocal.3．Hehasnevershownmuchforhiswife’sneeds.4．Thereisabetweenpollutionandthedeathoftrees.5．Thechairmanaskedmetoexpressour___ofallyourhardwork.6．Youmustask_beforetakinganyphotographsinsidethechurch.7．Lookingataproblemfromtheotherperson’sview，wewillcometoatotallydifferent！8．PleasekeepthewatchformewhileIgo.9．Shepackedallherintoasuitcase.10．Duringthewarmanycoupleshadtoendurelongperiodsof.Ⅲ.给括号内的单词加上适当的后缀，并用其正确形式填空1．Youmustgivewaytoanypedestriansonthe(cross)．2．Itrainedonandonforthreewholedaysatthe(begin)ofourholiday.3．Twentyyearsago，hisfatherwasveryrichandwasin(possess)ofafarm.4．Heusesalotofunusual(express)inhiscomposition.5．Youmustjudgeapersonbyhis(act)，notbywhathesays.6．All(contribute)fortheschoolmagazinemustbereceivedbyAugust1st.7．There’sanew(exhibit)ofsculptureatthecitygallery.8．Sincetheaccident，they’vecaredfortheirsonwithgreat(devote)．9．Theworldchangedrapidlyafterthe(invent)ofthetelephone.10．Sheobtainedgreat(satisfy)outofhelpingotherpeople.Ⅳ.根据句意和所缺单词的首字母，写出单词的正确形式1．Ifyouareusingthissoftware，it’shelpfultohavesomeuofbasicdesignprinciples.2．Civilwareventuallyledtoapermanentdofthecountry.3．DaboutthepeaceplantookplaceinWashingtonlastweek.4．DoyouknowthedateofCarolineandMatthew’sw？5．Asthesgoes，“Don’tcountyourchickensbeforethey’rehatched.”6．Oneofthemostpowerfulformsofnonverbalcisbodylanguage.7．InatohisflatinLondon，hehasavillainItalyandacastleinScotland.8．Theyshouldhaveagoodchanceofwinningthec.9．Aftergsheworkedasaresearchchemist.10．Shewasthefirstinherfamilytogetacollegee.Ⅴ.根据提示翻译句子1．西湖风景美得难以形容。(beyonddescription)2．上课的时候你必须专心听老师讲课。(payattentionto)3．我在作出决定之前总是再三考虑。(makeadecision)4．我敢肯定，这部影片将给每个观众留下深刻的印象。(makeanimpressionon)5．举办这次晚宴是为了感谢诸位辛勤的工作。(inappreciationof)参考答案Test1Ⅰ.1.cooker2.elevator3.beggar4.applicant5．erviewee8．engineer9.sponsor10.librarianⅡ.1.erviewer；interviewee4.trainees5.employerⅢ.1.lawyer2.operator3.liar4.merchant5．pianist6.politician7.Refugees8．immigrant9.receiver10.murdererⅣ.1.petitor5.teenager6.refugees7.typist8．inventorⅤ.1.magici