雨课堂学堂在线学堂云《Natural Medicinal Chemistry（沈阳药科大学）》单元测试考核答案

NaturalMedicinalChemistry第1题Activeingredientsreferto().AComponentsthatneedtobepurifiedBComponentswithhighcontentCComponentswithspecificbiologicalactivitiesDComponentswithoutsideeffects第2题Generallyconsideredineffectivecomponentsorimpuritiesare().AAlkaloidsBChlorophyllCFlavonoidsDSaponins第3题Themainresearchcontentofnaturalmedicinalchemistryincludesthe()ofchemicalcomponentsinnaturalmedicines.AStructuraltypesBActivitytestingCExtractionandseparationmethodsDRelationshipbetweenpropertiesanddosageformsEStructuralidentification第1题TheprimarybiosyntheticpathwayforcompoundIis().AMVApathwayBCinnamicacidpathwayCAA-MApathwayDAminoacidpathway第2题Compoundssynthesizedviatheaminoacidpathwayare().AAlkaloidsBSteroidalsaponinsCCoumarinsDTriterpenoidsaponins第3题Thesequenceofsolventpolaritiestobeusedwhenextractingpharmacologicallyactivecomponentssequentiallywithsolventsofdifferentpolaritiesis().AH2O→CH3OH→EtOAc→CH2Cl2→P.E(Petroleumether)BP.E.→CH2Cl2→EtOAc→CH3OH→H2OCP.E.→H2O→CH3OH→EtOAc→CH2Cl2DP.E.→CH3OH→EtOAc→CH2Cl2→H2O第4题Naturalmedicinesallcomefromplants.()第5题Ineffectivecomponentsarethosewithoutbiologicalactivity.()1.3Test第1题Amongthefollowingsolvents,theonethatdissolvesawiderrangeofchemicalcomponentsis().AWaterBEthanolCDiethyletherDBenzene第2题Forextractingvolatilecomponents,thesuitablemethodis().ARefluxextractionBDecoctionCPercolationDSteamdistillation第3题Criteriaforjudgingcompoundpurityinclude().ADeterminationofmeltingrangeBDetectionusingmorethanthreedifferentchromatographicconditionsCObservationofcrystalformDMeasurementofspecificopticalrotation1.4Test第1题Addingwatertotheconcentratedethanolextractofaplantcanprecipitate().APolysaccharidesBProteinsCResinsDAminoacids第2题AcompounddevelopedonbufferedpaperchromatographywithchloroformshowsanRfvaluethatdecreaseswithincreasingpH.Thissuggestsitmightbe().AAnacidiccompoundBAbasiccompoundCAneutralcompoundDAnamphotericcompound第3题Asinglenaturalmedicineoftenhasmultipleclinicaluses;itsactiveingredientscanbeoneorseveral.()第4题Theconceptsofeffectiveandineffectivecomponentsarerelative.()第5题Primarymetabolitesinplantsarethemainresearchobjectsofnaturalmedicinalchemistry.()1.5Test第1题Inpartitionpaperchromatography,thestationaryphaseis().ACelluloseBThe5%–7%watercontainedinthefilterpaperCAlcoholichydroxylgroupsDThemorepolarsolventinthemobilephase第2题Thecommonlyusedstationaryphaseinnormal-phasepartitionchromatographyis().AChloroformBMethanolCEthanolDWater第3题Thecommonlyusedmobilephaseinnormal-phasepartitionchromatographyis().ALipophilicsolventsBHydrophilicsolventsCAlkalinewaterDWater第4题1H-NMRcanprovidethefollowinginformationfordeterminingcompoundstructure().ANumberofprotonsBSplittingofprotonsCStereochemicalorientationofprotonsDChemicalshiftofprotonsECouplingconstantofprotons1.6Test第1题AprimaryreasonforthebetterseparationefficiencyofHigh-PerformanceLiquidChromatography(HPLC)is().ASmalladsorbentparticlesizeBHigherpressurethanconventionalchromatographyCFasterflowrateDPresenceofanautomaticrecorder第2题Compoundsthatusuallyrequireseparationusingbasicaluminachromatographyandaregenerallyunsuitableforseparationbysilicagelchromatographyare().ACoumarincompoundsBAcidiccompoundsCAlkaloidcompoundsDEstercompounds第3题Chromatographymethodsthatcanseparatecompoundsbasedonmolecularsizeinclude().AGelchromatographyBAluminachromatographyCSilicagelchromatographyDHigh-PerformanceLiquidChromatography(HPLC)第4题Thebiosyntheticpathwayofanthraquinonesisthecinnamicacidpathway.()第5题Thebiosynthesisofdihydroflavonesbelongstoamixedpathway.()1.7Test第1题Theoutcomewhencompoundsenterasilicageladsorptioncolumnchromatographyis().AMorepolarcompoundselutefirstBCompoundswithlowermeltingpointselutefirstCLesspolarcompoundselutefirstDCompoundswithhighermeltingpointselutefirst第2题TheprimaryseparationprincipleofSephadexLH-20is().AAdsorptionBIonexchangeCPartitioncoefficientDMolecularsize第3题Themethodusingamembranewithaspecificporesizetoseparatecompoundsissuitableforseparating().AHighlypolarcomponentsBLipophiliccomponentsCLowpolaritycomponentsDComponentswithdifferentrelativemolecularweights第4题Thebiosyntheticpathwayoftriterpenoidsisthemevalonicacid(MVA)pathway.()第5题Whenseparatingsaponinsusingmacroporousadsorptionresinwithethanol-wateraseluent,increasingtheproportionofwaterenhancestheelutingpower.()第6题WhenseparatinganthraquinoneglycosidesusingaSephadexLH-20gelcolumn,compoundseluteinorderofincreasingmolecularweight.()1.8Test第1题Componentsnotsuitableforseparationbyionexchangeresinare().AAlkaloidsBAlkaloidsaltsCCardiacglycosidesDOrganicacids第2题ThecommonwavenumberrangeforcarbonylabsorptionpeaksinInfrared(IR)spectroscopyis().A1650–1450cm⁻¹B1680–1800cm⁻¹C2150–2800cm⁻¹D3000–3400cm⁻¹第3题Intheoff-resonancedecoupled13C-NMRspectrum,amethylenegroup(-CH₂-)appearsasa().ASingletBDoubletCTripletDQuartet第4题FAB-MSisgenerallysuitableformeasuringcompoundswithgoodthermalstability.()第5题UV,IR,andNMRarealltypesofabsorptionspectroscopy.()2.1Test第1题WhichofthefollowingsugarsistheC-2epimerofD-glucose?()AD-MannoseBD-GalactoseCD-AlloseDD-Xylose第2题Themostcommonlyusedmethodfordeterminingglycosidicbondscurrentlyis()ANuclearmagneticresonance(NMR)BEnzymatichydrolysisCInfrared(IR)spectroscopyDMolecularopticalrotationdifferencemethod第3题Theglycosidicbondhasahemiacetal(orhemiketal)structure.Itisunstablewhen_______andeasilyundergoes_______catalyzedhydrolysis.()APH>7,alkaliBPH<7,acidCPH>7,acidDPH<7,alkali第4题Thechemicalshiftvaluefortheanomericcarbonofmostα-D-glycosidicbondsfallswithin:()A90~95ppmB96~100ppmC100~105ppmD106~110ppm2.2Test第1题Thechemicalshiftvaluefortheanomericcarbonofmostα-L-glycosidicbondsfallswithin:()A90~95ppmB96~100ppmC100~105ppmD106~110ppm第2题Thechemicalshiftvaluefortheanomericcarbonofmostβ-L-glycosidicbondsfallswithin:()A90~95ppmB96~100ppmC100~105ppmD106~110ppm第3题Whichtypeofglycosidecanbehydrolyzedbybasecatalysis?()AAlcoholglycosideBCarbonglycosideCPhenolicglycosideDNitrogenglycoside第4题Whichtypeofglycosideisnotsuitableforhydrolysisbybasecatalysis?()AEsterglycosideBPhenolicglycosideCAlcoholglycosideDEnolglycosideconjugatedwithacarbonylgroup2.3Test第1题Whichcompoundundergoesglycosidicbondcleavageviaβ-elimination?()APicrocrocinBSalicinC4-HydroxycoumaringlycosideDFraxetin第2题Themostdifficultglycosidetohydrolyzeis:()AOxygenglycosideBSulfurglycosideCCarbonglycosideDNitrogenglycoside第3题β-D-Glucosidasecanonlyhydrolyze:()Aα-D-GlycosidicbondsBβ-D-GlycosidicbondsCβ-D-GlucosidicbondsDAllglycosidicbonds第4题Thedefinitionofglycosidecompoundsis:()ACompoundsformedbysugarsandnon-sugarsubstancesarecalledglycosides.BCompoundsformedbysugarsorsugarderivativesandnon-sugarsubstancesarecalledglycosides.CCompoundsformedbysugarsandsugarsarecalledglycosides.DSubstancesformedbythedehydrationbetweenthehemiacetalorhemiketalhydroxylgroupofasugar(orsugarderivative)andanaglycone,involvinganon-sugarsubstance,arecalledglycosides.2.4Test第1题Aftercomplexformationwithboricacid,sugarsandpolyhydroxycompoundsexhibit:()AIncreasedacidityBIncreasedwatersolubilityCGreatlyincreasedlipophilicityDIncreasedstability第2题Themajorityofglycosidesexistinginnatureare:()ADeoxysugarglycosidesBCarbonglycosidesCβ-Dorα-LGlycosidesDα-Dorβ-LGlycosides第3题Inpaperchromatographyofsugars,thestationaryphaseis:()AWaterBAcidCOrganicsolventDCellulose第4题Themostcommonlyuseddevelopingsolventforseparatingsugarcompoundsbypaperchromatographyis:()ACHCl₃-MeOH(9:1)BC₆H₆-MeOH(9:1)Cn-Butanol-Aceticacid-Water(4:1:5,upperlayer)DEthylacetate-Ethanol(6:4)3.1Test第1题Thebasicnucleusofcoumarinis().ABenzo-α-furanoneBBenzo-α-pyroneCBenzo-γ-furanoneDBenzo-γ-pyrone第2题Amongthefollowingcompounds,theonethatexhibitssublimationis().ALignanglycosideBCardiacglycosideCCoumarinDFlavonoid第3题ThecompositionofEmerson'sreagentis().A2,6-DibromobenzoquinonechlorimideBHydroxylaminehydrochloride-FerricchlorideC4-Aminoantipyrine-PotassiumferricyanideDAniline-Diphenylaminephosphate第4题Commonlyusedidentificationmethodsforcoumarinsinclude().AFerrichydroxamatetestBFluorescencereactionCMagnesiumacetatereactionDEmerson'sreagentreactionEHCl-Mgreaction第5题Extractionandisolationmethodsforcoumarinsinclude().ASteamdistillationBAlkalidissolution-acidprecipitationCAciddissolution-alkaliprecipitationDSolventextraction3.2.1Test第1题ThecompoundthatgivesanegativeEmersonreactionis().ABCD第2题Amongthefollowingcoumarincompounds,theonethatexhibitsstrongfluorescenceunderUVlightis().ABCD第3题Freelignansarereadilysolubleinthefollowingsolvents().AWaterBChloroformCDiethyletherDEthylacetate第4题Chinesemedicinalherbscontainingcoumarinsinclude().AWuWeiZiBBaiZhiCQinPiDDuHuoEDaHuang3.2.2Test第1题Allofthefollowingmethodscanbeusedtoextractcoumarincompoundsexcept().AOrganicsolventextractionBWatermacerationCAlkalidissolution-acidprecipitationDSteamdistillation第2题TheorderoffluorescenceintensityunderUVlightforthefollowingcoumarincompoundsis().(1)(2)(3)(4)A(1)>(2)>(3)>(4)B(4)>(3)>(2)>(1)C(4)>(1)>(3)>(2)D(2)>(3)>(1)>(4)第3题Thestructuraltypeofesculetin(fromQinPi)doesnotbelongto().ASimplecoumarinBFuranocoumarinCPyranofuranocoumarinDIsocoumarinEDicoumarol第4题Statementsconsistentwiththefluorescencepropertiesofcoumarinsare().AMostcoumarinsexhibitfluorescenceunderUVlightBFluorescenceissignificantinalkalinesolutionCFluorescenceisenhancedinC7-OHcoumarinsDFluorescencedisappearswhenahydroxylgroupisintroducedatC8EFluorescenceisenhancedafterglycosylationofC7-OH3.3Test第1题ThecompoundcapableofundergoingGibb’sreactionis().ABCD第2题Coumarinsarelactonecompoundsformedbythecyclizationoftrans-O-hydroxycinnamicacid.()第3题Compoundswithalactonestructurecanallreactwithhydroxylamineferricchloridetoformaredcomplex.()第4题Thebasicnucleusofcoumarinisbenzo-α-pyrone.()第5题Allcoumarinsexhibitfluorescence.()4.1Test第1题Thecolorlessmethylenebluetestcanbeusedtoidentify().AAnthraquinonesBCoumarinsCFlavonoidsDNaphthoquinonesEAlkaloids第2题Thecompoundthatturnsredwithalkaliis().ASennosideABSennosideBCEmodinDAloinERhein-8-glucoside第3题Ifahydroxyanthraquinoneturnspurplewithmagnesiumacetatereagent,itshydroxylgrouppositionmaybe().A1,8-DihydroxyB1,5-DihydroxyC1,2,3-TrihydroxyD1,4,8-TrihydroxyE1,3-Dihydroxy第4题Amongthefollowingmixtureoffreeanthraquinonesinethersolution,theoneextractableby5%sodiumbicarbonatesolutionis().AEmodinBChrysophanolCAloe-emodinDRheinEPhyscion4.2Test第1题Sennosidesbelongto().AMonoanthracenenucleusBBianthracenenucleusCEmodin-typeDAlizarin-typeEOxidizedtype第2题Rheinexhibitsweakaciditydueto().ABenzeneringBDoublebondCOxygenatomDHydroxylgroupECarboxylgroup第3题Inpolyamidechromatography(eluent:CH₃OH-H₂O),thelasttobeelutedis().AChrysophanolBEmodinCRheinDAloe-emodinEAloin第4题Intheferrichydroxamatetest,thereagentreactingwithalkalitoproducehydroxamicacidis().AFerricchlorideBSodiumhydroxideCTrichloroaceticacidDHydroxylaminehydrochlorideEp-Methylaniline4.3Test第1题Thecompoundthatreactswithalkalitoproducearedcoloris().AHydroxyanthronesBHydroxyanthranolsCHydroxyanthraquinonesDDianthranolsEDianthrones第2题Thesolventthatcanseparatefreecoumarinsfromcoumaringlycosidesis().AMethanolBBoilingwaterCEthanolDDiethyletherEHotconcentratedalkali第3题Amongthefollowingtypesofcompounds,mostpossessafragrantodor().AFlavonoidaglyconesBAnthraquinoneaglyconesCCoumarinaglyconesDTriterpenoidsapogeninsESteroidalsapogenins5.1Test第1题ThehydrogenNMRspectrumofaflavonoidcompoundmeasuredinCDCl3showedtwosetsofquartetpeaks(eachsetofquartetpeaksequivalenttooneproton)nearδ2.8ppmanda4-foldpeakequivalenttooneprotonnear35.2ppm,suggestingthatthecompoundwas()。AFlavonoidBFlavonolCFlavononeDIsoflavonoid第2题TheUVspectrumhastwoabsorptionbands,bandIat312nmandbandIIat276nmbandIIismuchstrongerthanbandI.Thiscompoundisacomponentoftheclass()。AFlavonoidBFlavonolCChalconeDFlavonone5.2Test第1题Themostsolubleinwateris()。AFlavonoidBFlavononeCFlavononolsDAnthocyanin第2题Thedeepeningofthecolorofflavonoidsisrelatedtothepositionandnumberofauxochromesubstituents,especiallyatthe()position.Aintroductionofauxochromeatthe6,7-positionBintroductionofauxochromeatthe7,4′-positionCIntroductionofauxochromeatthe3′4′-positionDIntroductionofhydroxylgroupat5-position5.3Test第1题Themostacidicofthefollowingflavonoidsis()A3-OHflavoneB5-OHflavoneC5,7-dihydroxyflavoneD7,4′-dihydroxyflavone第2题ThemaindifferencebetweentheNMRspectraofflavonoidsanddihydroflavonoidsis()ADifferenceintheA-ringprotonpeaksBthedifferenceintheB-ringprotonpeaksCthedifferencebetweentheCringprotonpeaksDthedifferencebetweentheAandBringprotonpeaks5.4Test第1题配伍题1.Themostacidicis（____）。2.Themostsolubleinwateris（____）。3.Theonethatreactspositivelywithstrontiumchlorideis（____）。4.Thefirsttoelutefromapolyamidecolumnis（____）。5.5Test第1题分析比较：Bypolyamidecolumnchromatographywithgradientelutionwithdifferentconcentrationsofethanol-water,theorderofeffluentoutofthecolumnis(____)>(____)>(____)>(____).5.6Test第1题分析比较：Chromatographyonasilicagelcolumnwithagradientelutionofchloroform-methanolatdifferentconcentrations,theorderofeffluentis(____)>(____)>(____)>(____).6.1Test第1题Todeterminewhetherthedoublebondofacompoundisinthe△1(2)or△3(4)positionitisbesttouse:()AUVB1H-NMRCMSD13C-NMREIR第2题The13C-NMR(partialdecoupling)spectraldataofavolatilecomponentisshownbelow：23.52(q)，23.74(q)，26.06(q)，26.92(t)，32.05(t)，38.89(t)，39.32(d)，42.09(t)，48.93(d)，56.62(d)，81.20(s)，106.84(t)，121.31(d)，148.29(s)，152.56(s)。Thestructureofthiscomponentshouldbe：（）ABCD第3题()Terpenesthathavefourisopreneunitsinthemoleculearecalledtetraterpenoids.6.2Test第1题Apurplecrystalwasfractionatedfromaplantwithcharacteristicpeaks1615,1583,1545,1085inIRνKBrmax(cm-1).1H-NMRshowedthefollowingabsorptionpeaks(δ):2.40(3H,s)，2.70(3H,s)，2.84(3H,s)，7.37(1H,s)，8.19(1H,s)，7.11(1H,d,J=2Hz)，7.30(1H,d,J=2Hz).Thepossiblestructureofthecompoundis:（）ABCD第2题ChinesemedicinessuchasRadixetRhizomaDioscoreaeandRadixetRhizomaGinsengtendtoturnblackduringprocessingbecausetheycontain:()ATanninesterglycosidesBCyclicenoletherterpeneglycosidesChydroxycoumarinosidesDflavonolglycosides第3题()Mostofthevolatileoiliscolorlessoilyliquid,partofthevolatileoilcontainsazulenecompoundsandshowmorebrightcolors.第4题()Volatileoilcanbevolatileatroomtemperature,whichistheessentialdifferencebetweenvolatileoilandfatoil.6.3Test第1题Thecompoundthathasaromaticproperties,phenolicgeneralizationandacidity,andcontainsacarbonylgroupsimilartothecarbonylgroupincarboxylicacids,butdoesnotreactwiththeusualcarbonylreagentsis:()AIridoidsBSodiumguaiazulenesulfonateCTropolonesDAndrographolide第2题Thebestmethodforseparatingaldehydesfromketonesinmonoterpenesis:()AGirardreagentmethodB3.5dinitrophenylhydrazinemethodCSodiumbisulfitemethodDFractionaldistillationmethod第3题()Terpenesthathavefourisopreneunitsinthemoleculearecalledtetraterpenoids.6.4Test第1题Whichformdoestheiridoidsclassmostlytake:()AEstersBFreeCGlycosidesDTerpene-derivedfunctionalgroups第2题Solventextractionofcyclicenoletherterpeneglycosidesisoftenaccompaniedbycalciumcarbonateorbariumhydroxideinthecrudepowderoftheplantmaterialinorderto:()AinhibitenzymeactivityBincreasesolubilityCneutralizephyticacidDAandC第3题Tropolonesareacidic,theiracidity:()AweakerthangeneralphenolsBstrongerthangeneralcarboxylicacidsCbetweenthetwo第4题Azuleneissolublein:()AstrongbasesBwaterCweakbaseDstrongacid第5题()Mostofthechemicalcomponentsinthevolatileoilpolarity,sovolatileoiliseasilysolubleinn-butanol,acetone,methanolandotherpolarorganicsolvents.6.5Test7.1Test第1题Themostcommonlyusedclassificationmethodfortriterpenoidsaponinsisbasedon()AThechemicalstructureoftheglycosylmoietyBThechemicalstructureoftheaglyconeCThenumberofglycosylchainsDTheglycosidicbondatom第2题Whichofthefollowingcompoundsdonotbelongtotetracyclictriterpenes?()ACucurbitane-typetriterpenesBLanostane-typetriterpenesCDammarane-typetriterpenesDUrsane-typetriterpene第3题ThesaponinsintheChinesemedicinalherbAstragalus()aremostly()ACycloartane-typetriterpenesBCucurbitane-typetriterpenesCLupane-typetriterpenesDLanostane-typetriterpenes第4题Thetriterpenoidsaponinsformedbythecombinationoftriterpenesaponinswithglycosyloruronicacidaresolubleinwater.Theaqueoussolutionscanproducepersistentfoamaftershaking,soitisalsocalledtriterpenesaponins.()第5题Intheaglyconestructureoftriterpenoidsaponins,thepresenceofhydroxylgroupsiscommon,sothesetriterpenoidsaponinsarealsoknownasacidicsaponins.()7.2Test第1题ThesaikosaponinsinBupleurum(Chinesethorowax)areall()AUrsane-typetriterpenoidsaponinsBOleanane-typetriterpenoidsaponinsCLupane-typetriterpenoidsaponinsDFriedelane-typetriterpenoidsaponins第2题Thesaponinswithanti-hemolyticactivityare()ATotalginsenosidesBProtopanaxadiol-typeginsenosidesCProtopanaxatriol-typeginsenosidesDOleanane-typeginsenosides第3题ThereagentsusedintheLiebermann-Burchardreactionare()AChloroform-concentratedsulfuricacidBTrichloroaceticacidCVanillin-concentratedsulfuricacidDAceticanhydride-concentratedsulfuricacidEHydrochloricacid-p-dimethylaminobenzaldehyde第4题Meliacanearetriterpenoidscomposedof26carbonatomsandarealsoknownasnortriterpenoid.()第5题Thetruesapogeninsofginsenosidesare20()-panaxadiolor20()-panaxatriol.()7.3Test第1题Theextractionorseparationmethodssuitablefortriterpenoidsaponinsare()ASequentialextractionwithpetroleumether,ethylacetate,andmethanolBSeparationbysilicageladsorptioncolumnchromatographyCSeparationbyreverse-phasebondedsilicagelcolumnchromatographyDAlkaliextractionandacidprecipitationmethod第2题Thecommonlyusedseparationmethodfortriterpenoidaglyconesis()ASephadexLH-20chromatographyBSilicagelchromatographyCReverse-phasebondedsilicagelchromatographyDPolyamidechromatography第3题Themostprominentfeatureinthe1H-NMRspectrumoftriterpenoidsis()AMultiplemethylsingletsinthehigh-fieldregionBMultiplemethylsingletsinthelow-fieldregionCMultipleolefinichydrogensignalsinthehigh-fieldregionDMultipleolefinichydrogensignalsinthelow-fieldregion第4题Whenglycosylformsesterglycosidewiththe28-COOHofoleanolicacid,theglycosidationshiftoftheα-carbonis()ATheα-carbonshiftsdownfieldbyapproximately2–4ppmBTheα-carbonshiftsupfieldbyapproximately2–4ppmCTheα-carbonshiftsupfieldbyapproximately8–10ppmDTheα-carbonshiftsdownfieldbyapproximately8–10ppm第5题Oleananeandursanehavesimilarstructures,bothcontainingeightangularmethylgroups.()第6题Analyzingquasi-molecularionpeaksandfragmentpeakscanalsoprovideinformationontheconnectionsequenceofglycosylunitsinthemolecule.()8.1Test第1题Themaindifferencebetweencardenolidesandscillanolidesis()AFusedmodeofthesteroidalnucleusBSubstituentsatC10differCSubstituentsatC17differDSubstituentsatC13differ第2题Thespecialglycosylincardiacglycosidesis()AGlucoseB6-DeoxysugarC6-DeoxysugarmethyletherD2,6-Dideoxysugar第3题Reactionsofthesteroidalnucleusincardiacglycosidesdonotinclude()A3,5-DinitrobenzoicacidreactionBAceticanhydride-concentratedsulfuricacidreactionCTrichloroaceticacidreactionDAntimonypentachloridereaction第4题Thereactionusedtodistinguishbetweencardenolidesandscillanolidesis()AVanillin-concentratedsulfuricacidreactionBAceticanhydride-concentratedsulfuricacidreactionCTrichloroaceticacidreactionDSodiumnitroprussidereaction8.2Test第1题ThereagentsusedintheKeller-Kilianireactionare()AAceticanhydride-concentratedsulfuricacidBFerricchloride-glacialaceticacid-concentratedsulfuricacidCAntimonytrichlorideDSodiumnitroprusside第2题Thereactionpositiveforfree2,6-dideoxysugarsis()AVanillin-concentratedsulfuricacidreactionBXanthydrolreactionCTrichloroaceticacidreactionD3,5-Dinitrobenzoicacidreaction第3题Thebasicnucleusofcardiacaglyconesis()ABenzo[α]pyroneBCyclopentanoperhydrophenanthreneCFive-memberedunsaturatedlactoneringDSix-memberedunsaturatedlactoneringEBenzo[β]furanone第4题Theconditionthatcompletelyhydrolyzesallglycosidicbondsincardiacglycosidesis()ADiluteNaHCO3BDiluteCa(OH)2C2%NaOHD5%HClE0.03mol/LHCl第5题Thecompoundtypecontaining2,6-dideoxysugarsis()ASaponinsBCoumaringlycosidesCFlavonoidglycosidesDAnthraquinoneglycosidesECardiacglycosides8.3Test第1题Addingxanthydrolreagenttoasolidcardiacglycosidesampleandheatinginawaterbathfor3minutesyieldsaredcolor,indicatingthepresenceof()Aα-D-GlucoseBβ-D-GlucoseC6-DeoxysugarD2,6-DideoxysugarEL-Rhamnose第2题Glycosidicbondscleavedbyenzymatichydrolysisofcardiacglycosidesare()AAllglycosidicbondsBBondsbetweenD-glucoseand6-deoxysugarsCBondsbetweenaglyconesand6-deoxysugarsDBondsbetweenaglyconesand2,6-dideoxysugarsEBondsbetween2,6-dideoxysugars第3题Thecommonstationaryphaseforpartitionthin-layerchromatographyofcardiacglycosidesis()AFormamideBCelluloseCSilicagelDAluminumoxideEDiatomite第4题Thecompoundthatundergoestheferricchloride-glacialaceticacidreactionis()ADioscinBGlycyrrhizicacidCDigitoxinDRutinENicotine8.4Test第1题WhatpropertiesdothedisaccharidechainsaponinscleavedbytheF-ringhave()AHemolyticactivityBAbilitytoformcomplexeswithcholesterolCAntibacterialactivityDAlloftheaboveENoneoftheabove第2题Whichofthefollowingcanformwater-insolublemolecularcomplexeswithcholesterol()ASteroidalsaponinsBAlkaloidsCMonoterpenesDFlavonoids第3题Thetypesofglycosylcomposingcardiacglycosidesinclude()AHexosealdosesB6-DeoxysugarsC2,6-DideoxysugarsDAlloftheaboveENoneoftheabove第4题Therearethreetypesofglycosidiclinkagesbetweencardiacaglyconesandsugars,withthecommonfeaturethat()AGlucoseisattheterminalpositionBRhamnoseisattheterminalpositionCDeoxysugarsareattheterminalpositionDAminosugarsareattheterminalposition第5题Instudiesonthestructure-activityrelationshipofcardiacglycosides,theessentialactivegroupfoundis()ACyclopentanoperhydrophenanthreneBC14-OHCC3-OHDC17-lactonering8.5Test第1题Thecompoundthatgivesamagentareactionwith3,5-dinitrobenzoicacidunderalkalineconditionsis()ATypeAcardiacglycosidesBLactonecompoundsCTypeBcardiacglycosidesDBothAandC第2题Aherbalextract,whenshakenvigorouslyinatesttube,producesabundantpersistentfoam.Theextractmaycontain()ASaponinsBProteinsCPolysaccharidesDTannins第3题Activesaponincompoundsaregenerallynotformulatedasinjectionsbecause()ATheyareinsolubleinwaterBTheygeneratefoamCTheyprecipitateafterlong-termstorageDTheyhavehemolyticactivity第4题Saponinswithouthemolyticactivityare()ASteroidalsaponinsBMonodesmosidicsaponinsCTriterpenoidsaponinsDTotalginsenosides8.6Test第1题ForsapogeninswithaSpiralketonebasicskeleton,whencomparing25Sand25R,().A25Rismorestablethan25SB25Sismorestablethan25RCBoth25Sand25RarestableDBoth25Sand25Rareunstable第2题Compoundsthatformstablewater-insolublemolecularcomplexeswithcholesterolare()ACardiacglycosidesBSteroidalsaponinsCAnthraquinoneglycosidesDTriterpenoidsaponins第3题CharacteristicsNOTexhibitedbysteroidalsaponinsare()ATheirglycosidicbondscanbehydrolyzedbyenzymesoracidsBTheyhavesurfaceactivityandhemolyticactivityCTheyaresolubleinwaterandn-butanolDTheaglyconehasahydroxylgroupatC3ETheaglyconeconsistsof30carbonatoms第4题ThemainsaponincomponentsinDi'aoXinxuekang,includingdioscin,belongtothe()structuretype.AOleananetypeBSpirostanetypeCIsospirostanetypeDLanostanetype第5题Theimportantrawmaterialforsynthesizingsteroidalhormonesandsteroidalcontraceptivesis()ADiosgeninBGlycyrrhizicacidCOleanolicacidDBupleurumsaponinEProtopanaxadiol-typeGinsenosides9.1Test第1题Thefirstalkaloidisolatedinhistorywas().AMorphineBNoscapineCQuinineDCinchonine第2题Theprecursorsofmostalkaloidsare().ABasicaminoacidsBα-AminoacidsCPolypeptidesDβ-Aminoacids第3题Inplants,alkaloidsoftenexistincombinationwith____toform____states.第4题Thebiosyntheticreactionsofalkaloidsinclude____,____,and____,withthemostimportantsecondarycyclizationreactionbeing____.9.2Test第1题Thereasonforthegreaterwatersolubilityofoxymatrinecomparedtomatrineis().AItisaquaternaryammoniumalkaloidBIthasasemi-polarN→OcoordinationbondCItsmolecularweightishigherDItismorealkaline第2题Theconditionforalkaloidprecipitationreactionsis().AAcidicaqueoussolutionBNeutralaqueoussolutionCAlkalineaqueoussolutionDSalinesolution第3题Berberineappearsyellow,whiletetrahydroberberineiscolorlessbecause____第4题Weaklyalkalinealkaloidsexistinplantsina____state.Duringextraction,theyonlyneedtobemoistenedwith