2025-2026年重庆市苏教版高中三年级英语第七十三章课后练习题

2025-2026年重庆市苏教版高中三年级英语第七十三章课后练习题一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.根据第七十三章课文内容，Whatisthemainpurposeofthepassageabout"GlobalWarming"?A.Topersuadereaderstobuyelectriccarsimmediately.B.Toexplainthecausesandeffectsofglobalwarmingindetail.C.Tocriticizegovernmentsfornottakingactionsoonenough.D.Tointroduceanewtechnologythatcansolveclimatechange.（解析：课文明确从科学角度分析全球变暖的成因与后果，如温室气体排放、冰川融化等，选项B最符合主旨。选项A、C、D均偏离原文重点，A为营销导向，C为政治批判，D为技术推广，均非文章核心。）2.Inthereadingpassage,theword"mitigate"isclosestinmeaningtowhichofthefollowing?A.worsenB.reduceC.ignoreD.delay（解析：根据第七十三章例句"Effortstomitigateclimatechangemustbeglobal"，mitigate意为"减轻"，与reduce同义。worsen为反义，ignore为忽视，delay为延迟，均不符。）3.Accordingtothetext,whichoftheseisNOTamajorcauseofglobalwarmingmentionedinChapter73?A.DeforestationintheAmazonrainforest.B.Increaseduseofrenewableenergysources.C.Highlevelsofcarbondioxidefromfactories.D.Theburningoffossilfuelslikecoalandoil.（解析：文中列举了deforestation、CO₂emissions、fossilfuels为原因，但明确指出renewableenergyhelpsreducewarming，故B为错误选项。）4.Theauthorusesthephrase"atimebombticking"todescribeglobalwarmingbecauseitimplies:A.Itisanewtypeofbomb.B.Itwillexplodeinthefutureifnotaddressed.C.Itisusedtomeasuretemperature.D.Itisascientificexperiment.（解析：比喻"定时炸弹"强调全球变暖的紧迫性，暗示不行动将导致灾难性后果，B为正确理解。）5.Whatdoesthepassagesuggestaboutindividualactionstofightglobalwarming?A.Theyarecompletelyuselesscomparedtogovernmentpolicies.B.Theycanmakeadifferenceifeveryoneparticipates.C.Theyareonlyforpeoplewholiveincoldcountries.D.Theyshouldbeignoredbecausetheproblemistoobig.（解析：文中强调"smallstepsmatter"，如节约能源、绿色出行等个人行为具有累积效应，B最符合文意。）6.Thestructureofthepassagemainlyfollows:A.Cause→Effect→Solution→Conclusion.B.Introduction→Body→Counterargument→Recommendation.C.Problem→Evidence→Analysis→CalltoAction.D.History→CurrentSituation→FuturePrediction→PersonalOpinion.（解析：根据第七十三章段落逻辑，先提出问题（全球变暖），再提供数据（证据），分析影响，最后呼吁行动，C为正确结构。）7.Whichsentencefromthetextwouldbestserveasatopicsentenceforaparagraphdiscussingsolutionstoglobalwarming?A."Manyscientistsagreethatglobalwarmingisreal."B."Theconsequencesofignoringglobalwarmingaresevere."C."Governmentsandindividualsmustworktogethertosolvethiscrisis."D."PeopleindevelopingcountriescontributelesstoCO₂emissions."（解析：C句直接提出解决方案的核心观点，适合作为段落主旨句，其他选项为背景信息或分论点。）8.Theauthor'stoneinthepassagecanbedescribedas:A.sarcasticandhumorous.B.purelyscientificanddetached.C.urgentandpersuasive.D.criticalandaccusatory.（解析：文中通过数据强调危机，同时呼吁行动，体现紧迫性（urgent）和说服力（persuasive），C最贴切。）9.Accordingtothetext,whatisthebiggestchallengeinfightingglobalwarming?A.Lackofscientificevidence.B.Insufficienttechnologicalinnovation.C.Difficultyininternationalcooperation.D.People'slackofawareness.（解析：文中提到各国利益冲突导致政策协调困难，如例句"Politicaldifferenceshinderglobalagreements"，C为正确答案。）10.Ifthepassagewereaspeech,whichpartwouldtheauthormostlikelyemphasizelast?A.Thescientificdatasupportingglobalwarming.B.Theeconomiccostsofimplementingsolutions.C.Acallforimmediateactionfromtheaudience.D.Adetailedexplanationofrenewableenergy.（解析：演讲通常以行动号召结尾，文中多次出现"wemustactnow"，C为合理结尾。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagestatesthattheaverageglobaltemperaturehasrisenby______degreesCelsiussincetheIndustrialRevolution.（参考答案：~1.1）（解析：根据第七十三章数据图表，工业革命以来升温约1.1℃，需记忆关键数字。）2.Oneofthemaincausesofglobalwarmingmentionedistheburningof______andoil.（参考答案：fossilfuels）（解析：文中明确指出煤炭、天然气等化石燃料是主要排放源。）3.Thephrase"atippingpoint"referstoasituationwhere______becomesirreversible.（参考答案：climatechange）（解析：文中解释临界点后气候系统将发生不可逆转的连锁反应。）4.Toreducecarbonfootprint,peoplecan______insteadofdrivingalone.（参考答案：usepublictransportation）（解析：文中建议绿色出行方式，如公交、地铁等替代私家车。）5.TheauthormentionstheAmazonrainforestasanexampleofaplacewhere______iscriticalforglobalclimate.（参考答案：deforestationmustbestopped）（解析：文中强调亚马逊砍伐加剧温室效应，需保护森林吸收CO₂。）6.A"carbontax"isapolicythatmakescompaniespaymorefor______emissions.（参考答案：greenhousegas）（解析：文中解释碳税机制，针对企业温室气体排放收费。）7.Thepassagesuggeststhatrenewableenergysourceslike______andwindpowercanhelpsolvetheproblem.（参考答案：solarenergy）（解析：文中对比化石燃料与太阳能、风能的环保优势。）8.Whentheauthorsays"thetimebombisticking,"theymeantheproblemwill______ifnotaddressedsoon.（参考答案：getworse）（解析：比喻强调延迟行动将导致更严重后果。）9.Internationalcooperationisneededbecauseglobalwarmingaffects______countriesequally.（参考答案：all）（解析：文中指出气候问题无国界，各国需共同应对。）10.Thelastparagraphofthepassagemainlyfocuseson______.（参考答案：individualactions）（解析：结尾段落列举普通人可参与的环保措施。）三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Thepassagesupportstheideathatglobalwarmingisamythbecauseitlacksstrongevidence.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中大量引用科学报告和温度数据，明确否定全球变暖是谣言。）2.Accordingtothetext,developedcountriesaretheonlyonesresponsibleforclimatechange.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中指出发展中国家排放量增长快，但发达国家历史责任更大。）3.Theauthorbelievesthatindividualeffortstoreducecarbonfootprintarecompletelyuseless.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中强调"everysmallstepcounts"，个人行动具有累积效应。）4.Thephrase"atippingpoint"isusedtodescribeamomentofcelebration.（参考答案：错误）（解析：原文解释临界点为危险转折点，非积极含义。）5.Thepassagesuggeststhatusingmorecoalisagoodsolutiontoglobalwarming.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中明确反对化石燃料，提倡清洁能源替代。）6.Internationalagreementsonclimatechangeareeasytoachievebecauseallcountriesagree.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中提到政治分歧阻碍合作，如"countriesargueoverresponsibility"。）7.Theauthorthinksthattechnologicalinnovationalonecansolveglobalwarming.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中强调政策、个人行动与科技需结合。）8.Thepassageiswritteninapurelyobjectivestylewithnoemotionalappeal.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中通过紧迫性描述引发读者关注，带有说服性。）9.Thelastparagraphofthepassagegivesspecificinstructionsonhowtoreduceelectricityconsumptionathome.（参考答案：错误）（解析：仅提出建议方向，未提供详细步骤。）10.Theauthorbelievesthatglobalwarmingwillnotaffectdevelopingcountriesasmuchasdevelopedones.（参考答案：错误）（解析：文中指出气候灾害对脆弱地区影响更大。）四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，共16分）1.ExplaininyourownwordswhytheAmazonrainforestisimportantforglobalclimate.（参考答案：亚马逊是"地球之肺"，通过光合作用吸收大量二氧化碳，调节全球气温。砍伐森林会减少碳汇能力，加剧温室效应，同时破坏水循环，导致干旱。）2.Describetwodifferentsolutionstoglobalwarmingmentionedinthepassage,andexplainhowtheywork.（参考答案：①减少化石燃料使用：通过政策限制煤炭、石油消耗，改用清洁能源，如太阳能发电可替代燃煤电厂，减少CO₂排放。②植树造林：树木吸收二氧化碳，增加碳汇，同时改善生态环境。）3.Whydointernationalagreementsonclimatechangefacechallenges?（参考答案：各国经济利益冲突，如发达国家不愿牺牲发展速度，发展中国家要求补偿；科学数据存在争议；短期成本与长期效益难以平衡。）4.Whatisthemainmessagetheauthorwantsreaderstotakeawayfromthepassage?（参考答案：全球变暖是真实且严重的危机，需要政府、企业和个人共同努力。虽然问题复杂，但通过科学行动和合作可以缓解影响。）五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，共24分）1.SupposeyouareastudentlivinginChongqing.Writeashortparagraph(about100words)suggestingthreepracticalwaysyourschoolcouldreduceitscarbonfootprint.（参考答案：学校可安装太阳能路灯减少电费；鼓励学生步行或骑车上学，减少交通排放；组织垃圾分类活动，减少填埋场甲烷释放。这些措施既能节约资源，又能培养学生的环保意识。）2.Thepassagementions"carbontaxes"asapolicytool.ExplainhowthismightworkinacitylikeChongqing,andwhetheryouthinkitwouldbeeffective.（参考答案：碳税可对高排放企业征收费用，促使企业改进技术。例如，对燃煤工厂收费，奖励使用天然气或电动设备。我认为有效，但需配套补贴中小企业转型。）3.Imaginethepassageincludedagraphshowingglobaltemperaturerisesince1900.Describewhatyouwouldexpecttosee,andwhythisevidenceisconvincing.（参考答案：图表显示温度曲线逐年上升，尤其工业革命后加速。数据来自气象站记录，具有可重复性，且与排放量变化趋势一致，证明人为因素是主因。）4.Thepassagementions"developingcountriescontributelesstoglobalwarming."Writeasentenceexplainingwhythisstatementmightbemisleading,evenifitispartlytrue.（参考答案：虽然发展中国家人均排