2026年成考专升本《英语》词汇与语法专项练习题（逐题解析版）

年成考专升本《英语》词汇与语法专项练习题专项备考说明1.本套习题为2026成考专升本英语专项题，严格贴合最新考纲命题规律。2.全覆盖必考考点：形近义异词汇、固定介词搭配、动词时态语态、非谓语动词、定语从句、状语从句、名词性从句、虚拟语气、倒装、主谓一致、情态动词、反义疑问句等。3.共40道单选题，贴合真题题型、难度梯度，每题紧跟标准答案+考点解析+易错点拨，适合专项查漏补缺、考前冲刺突破。4.本题型为成考专升本英语核心得分题型，分值占比最高，是冲刺提分关键模块。1.Thegovernmenthastakeneffectivemeasuresto______thespreadofthevirus.A.restrictB.destroyC.cancelD.refuse【答案】A解析：词汇辨析。restrict限制、控制；destroy摧毁；cancel取消；refuse拒绝。句意：政府采取有效措施遏制病毒传播。贴合语境，故选A。2.Itwasyesterdayevening______Imetmyoldclassmateintheshoppingmall.A.whenB.thatC.sinceD.before【答案】B解析：强调句型必考结构。Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who...。本句强调时间状语yesterdayevening，非人物，只能用that。故选B。3.Allthestudentsarelookingforward______thecomingwintervacation.A.toB.tohavingC.forD.having【答案】B解析：高频易错固定搭配。lookforwardtodoingsth.期待做某事，to为介词，后接动名词。AD结构不完整，C搭配错误，故选B。4.______heavily,thesportsmeetinghadtobeputoffuntilnextweek.A.ItrainingB.RainingC.ItrainedD.Torain【答案】A解析：独立主格结构。主句主语为thesportsmeeting，与rain无逻辑主谓关系，需自带逻辑主语it。Itrainingheavily为独立主格作原因状语，表天气。故选A。5.You______worryaboutme.Icantakegoodcareofmyself.A.mustn’tB.can’tC.needn’tD.shouldn’t【答案】C解析：情态动词辨析。needn’t不必；mustn’t禁止；can’t不能、不可能；shouldn’t不应该。句意：你不必担心我，我能照顾好自己。故选C。6.Thereason______hefailedtheexamisthathedidn’tstudyhard.A.whichB.whyC.thatD.what【答案】B解析：定语从句关系副词。先行词为reason（表原因），从句缺原因状语，固定用why引导。故选B。7.Iremember______theletter,soyoudon’tneedtoremindmeagain.A.postingB.topostC.postD.posted【答案】A解析：非谓语动词高频辨析。rememberdoingsth.记得做过某事（已完成）；remembertodosth.记得要做某事（未做）。后半句无需提醒，说明已寄信，故选A。8.______youkeepworkinghard,youwillsurelymakegreatprogress.A.AslongasB.AsfarasC.EvenifD.Unless【答案】A解析：连词短语辨析。aslongas只要；asfaras就……而言；evenif即使；unless除非。句意：只要你坚持努力，一定会取得巨大进步。故选A。9.Thenumberofteachersinourschool______increasedgreatlyinrecentyears.A.haveB.hasC.areD.is【答案】B解析：主谓一致+现在完成时。thenumberof+名词，表“……的数量”，作主语谓语用单数；inrecentyears为现在完成时标志词，故选has。10.Hesuggestedthatwe______ameetingtodiscusstheproblem.A.heldB.holdC.willholdD.areholding【答案】B解析：虚拟语气必考考点。suggest表“建议”时，宾语从句用虚拟语气(should)+动词原形，should可省略，直接用hold。故选B。11.Thisisthemostinterestingbook______Ihaveeverread.A.whichB.whatC.thatD.when【答案】C解析：定语从句特殊规则。先行词被最高级、序数词修饰时，关系代词只能用that，不能用which。故选C。12.Hardlyhadshearrivedhome______itbegantorainheavily.A.thanB.whenC.whileD.until【答案】B解析：固定倒装句型。Hardlyhad...when...一……就……，为成考高频固定搭配，区分nosooner...than...。故选B。13.______morepatience,youwouldhavesucceededinthecompetition.A.IfyouhadB.IfyouhaveC.HavingD.Tohave【答案】A解析：虚拟语气。由主句wouldhavesucceeded可知是对过去事实的虚拟，从句用haddone结构。句意：如果你当初多一点耐心，比赛就成功了。故选A。14.Weshouldrespectothers’opinions,______wedisagreewiththem.A.asifB.evenifC.sothatD.nowthat【答案】B解析：状语从句连词辨析。evenif即使、纵然；asif好像；sothat以便、结果；nowthat既然。句意：即使我们不认同，也要尊重他人观点。故选B。15.Itisnogood______toomuchtimeplayingmobilegames.A.spendB.spendingC.tospendD.spent【答案】B解析：固定必考句型。Itisnogooddoingsth.做某事没有好处，后接动名词，为成考经典固定句式。故选B。16.NeithermybrothernorI______goodatplayingbasketball.A.amB.isC.areD.be【答案】A解析：主谓一致就近原则。neither...nor...连接两个主语时，谓语动词跟随最近的主语I变化，故用am。故选A。17.Themovie______wewatchedlastnightwasverymoving.A.whatB.whoC.whichD.where【答案】C解析：定语从句。先行词为movie（物），从句缺少宾语，用关系代词which/that，选项无that，故选C。18.You______haveboughtsomanyfruits.Westillhaveplentyleft.A.needn’tB.mustn’tC.can’tD.shouldn’t【答案】A解析：情态动词虚拟用法。needn’thavedone本不必做某事（实际已经做了）。句意：你本不必买这么多水果，我们还有很多。故选A。19.Hedevotedallhissparetime______Englishlearning.A.inB.onC.toD.at【答案】C解析：固定搭配。devotetime/oneselftosth./doingsth.致力于、专注于，to为固定介词。故选C。20.Onlyinthisway______solvethedifficultproblem.A.youcanB.canyouC.youcouldD.couldyou【答案】B解析：部分倒装结构。Only+状语置于句首，主句需部分倒装。本句为客观真理，用一般现在时canyou。故选B。21.Manypeoplechoosetoliveinthecountrysideto______freshair.A.absorbB.adoptC.adaptD.admit【答案】A解析：形近词辨析。absorb吸收；adopt收养、采纳；adapt适应；admit承认。句意：住在乡下呼吸新鲜空气。故选A。22.______isknowntoall,theearthgoesaroundthesun.A.WhichB.AsC.ThatD.What【答案】B解析：非限制性定语从句固定用法。Asisknowntoall众所周知，as可指代整句话内容，可置于句首，which不可放句首。故选B。23.Iwilltellhimthenewsassoonashe______backtomorrow.A.comeB.comesC.willcomeD.came【答案】B解析：时态规则。assoonas引导时间状语从句，遵循“主将从现”，主句将来时，从句用一般现在时，主语he为三单，选comes。24.Thelittlegirlwasafraidof______inthedarkroomalone.A.stayingB.tostayC.stayD.stayed【答案】A解析：固定搭配。beafraidofdoingsth.害怕做某事，of为介词，后接动名词。故选A。25.Thereisnodoubt______readingcanbroadenourhorizons.A.whetherB.ifC.thatD.what【答案】C解析：同位语从句固定句型。Thereisnodoubtthat...毫无疑问……，that引导从句解释说明doubt内容。故选C。26.______theheavyrain,westillwentoutforawalk.A.InspiteofB.BecauseofC.InsteadofD.Incaseof【答案】A解析：短语辨析。inspiteof尽管；becauseof因为；insteadof代替；incaseof万一。句意：尽管下大雨，我们依旧外出散步。故选A。27.IfI______enoughtimelastweek,Iwouldhavefinishedmyreport.A.hadB.haveC.hadhadD.wouldhave【答案】C解析：过去虚拟语气。主句wouldhavedone，从句用haddone，表与过去事实相反。句意：上周如果我有足够时间，早就写完报告了。故选C。28.Heis______honestboythateveryonelikeshimverymuch.A.soB.suchC.soanD.suchan【答案】D解析：固定句型。sucha/an+形容词+单数名词；so+形容词+a/an+单数名词。honest元音音素开头，用an，故选suchan。29.Themeeting______fortenminuteswhenwegotthere.A.hasbeenonB.hadbeenonC.wasonD.ison【答案】B解析：过去完成时。got为过去式，会议开始发生在到达之前，为“过去的过去”，用过去完成时hadbeenon。故选B。30.Ihavetwogoodfriends,bothof______arecollegestudents.A.themB.whomC.whichD.who【答案】B解析：非限制性定语从句。先行词为人，介词of后只能接宾格whom，不可用who/them。故选B。31.Pleasekeepquiet.Thebaby______.A.sleepsB.sleptC.issleepingD.wassleeping【答案】C解析：现在进行时。前文“请保持安静”，说明动作此刻正在发生，用现在进行时。故选C。32.Ittakesmehalfanhour______toschooleveryday.A.walkB.walkingC.towalkD.walked【答案】C解析：固定句型。Ittakessb.sometimetodosth.做某事花费某人多长时间，不定式为真正主语。故选C。33.Youwillfailtheexam______youstudyhard.A.ifB.unlessC.becauseD.so【答案】B解析：条件状语从句。unless=ifnot除非、如果不。句意：除非你努力学习，否则你会考试失利。故选B。34.Thebook______Iborrowedfromthelibraryisveryuseful.A.thatB.whatC.whereD.how【答案】A解析：定语从句。先行词为物，从句缺宾语，可用that/which，选项只有that，故选A。35.______tiredafteralongday’swork,shestillcontinuedtocookdinner.A.ThoughB.AlthoughC.DespiteD.As【答案】C解析：让步结构辨析。though/although后接完整句子；despite为介词，后可直接接形容词/名词。本句空后只有形容词tired，故选C。36.Weshouldtryourbestto______ourdreams.A.realizeB.recognizeC.recommendD.recommend【答案】A解析：词汇辨析。realizedreams实现梦想，固定搭配；recognize认出；recommend推荐。故选A。37.Heinsistedthathe______nothingwrong.A.doB.didC.doesD.woulddo【答案】B解析：虚拟语气特殊用法。insist表“坚持认为（事实）”时，从句用陈述语气；表“坚持要求”才用虚拟语气。本句为陈述事实，用一般过去时did。38.Thereusedtob