2025-2026年江西省苏教版高中三年级英语下册第7单元期中测试卷

2025-2026年江西省苏教版高中三年级英语下册第7单元期中测试卷一、单选题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.AccordingtothepassageinUnit7,whichofthefollowingstatementsbestdescribesthemainpurposeofsustainabledevelopment?A.Tomaximizeeconomicgrowthbyexploitingnaturalresourceswithoutconsideringenvironmentalimpact.B.Toachieveabalancebetweeneconomicdevelopment,socialequity,andenvironmentalprotectionforcurrentandfuturegenerations.C.Toreduceindustrialproductiontominimizecarbonemissions,evenifitleadstojoblosses.D.Toprioritizetechnologicalinnovationovertraditionalpracticestosolveenvironmentalproblems.（解析：本题考查单元核心主题“可持续发展”的定义。选项A与单元内容矛盾，选项C过于极端，选项D偏离主题，选项B准确概括了单元中关于可持续发展的平衡理念。）2.Inthereadingpassage,theauthormentions"thecirculareconomymodel,"whichrefersto:A.Asystemwhereresourcesareusedonceandthendiscarded.B.Aclosed-loopsystemthatminimizeswasteandreusesmaterialsefficiently.C.Agovernmentpolicytotaxindustriesforpollution.D.Amethodofgrowingcropsusingonlyrecycledwater.（解析：单元中明确介绍了循环经济的概念，强调资源循环利用以减少浪费。选项A是线性经济模式，选项C是政策手段，选项D是农业技术，均与定义不符。）3.Thepassagehighlightsseveralchallengesinimplementingsustainablepractices,suchas:A.Lackofconsumerawarenessaboutenvironmentalissues.B.Highcostsofsustainabletechnologies.C.BothAandB.D.Noneoftheabove.（解析：单元讨论了可持续发展的障碍，包括公众认知不足和技术成本问题。选项C全面概括了双重挑战。）4.WhichofthefollowingisNOTanexampleofsustainableagriculturementionedintheunit?A.Usingorganicfertilizerstoreducechemicalpollution.B.Plantinggeneticallymodifiedcropstoincreaseyield.C.Implementingwater-efficientirrigationsystems.D.Protectingbiodiversitythroughhabitatrestoration.（解析：单元强调有机农业、节水灌溉和生态保护，而转基因技术未在单元中作为可持续方法提及。）5.Thereadingpassagesuggeststhatindividualscancontributetosustainabilityby:A.Buyingproductswithexcessivepackaging.B.Reducingmeatconsumptionandrecyclingwaste.C.Relyingsolelyonpublictransportation.D.Avoidingalltechnologicaladvancements.（解析：单元提倡个人行动，如减少肉类消费和垃圾分类，选项B符合单元建议。）6.Accordingtotheunit,whatisakeydifferencebetweenrenewableandnon-renewableenergysources?A.Renewableenergyismoreexpensivetoproduce.B.Non-renewablesourcesarefiniteandwilldepleteovertime.C.Renewableenergyrequiresmoregovernmentsubsidies.D.BothAandB.（解析：单元区分了两种能源的可持续性，非可再生资源有限且不可再生，选项B准确。）7.Thepassagementions"greenjobs"aspartofthetransitiontosustainability,whichrefersto:A.Jobsintraditionalindustriesthatpollutemore.B.Employmentopportunitiesinrenewableenergyandenvironmentalprotection.C.Jobsthatrequireonlyahighlevelofeducation.D.Temporarypositionscreatedbygovernmentpolicies.（解析：单元强调绿色就业的长期性和行业属性，选项B符合定义。）8.Intheunit,whatdoestheterm"carbonfootprint"mean?A.Thetotalamountofcarbondioxidereleasedbyapersonororganization.B.Theweightofcarbonemissionsinkilograms.C.Ameasureofhowsustainableaproductis.D.Theaveragetemperatureincreasecausedbypollution.（解析：单元定义碳足迹为个人或组织的温室气体排放总量，选项A准确。）9.Thereadingpassageimpliesthatsustainablecitiesshouldprioritize:A.High-risebuildingstomaximizelanduse.B.Greenspaces,publictransport,andenergy-efficientinfrastructure.C.Industrialzonestoboosttheeconomy.D.Largeparkinglotsforcars.（解析：单元提倡城市可持续发展应注重生态和交通，选项B符合理念。）10.WhatisthemainargumentofthepassageinUnit7?A.Sustainabledevelopmentisunnecessaryforeconomicgrowth.B.Environmentalprotectionshouldcomebeforeeconomicdevelopment.C.Balancingeconomic,social,andenvironmentalgoalsisessentialforabetterfuture.D.Technologyalonecansolveallenvironmentalproblems.（解析：单元核心论点是可持续发展需兼顾多方利益，选项C最全面。）二、填空题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Theunitdefines_______asthepracticeofmeetingpresentneedswithoutcompromisingtheabilityoffuturegenerationstomeettheirown.（参考答案：sustainabledevelopment）（解析：单元开篇定义可持续发展，强调代际公平。）2.A_______economyaimstominimizewastebyreusingresourcesinaclosedloop.（参考答案：circular）（解析：单元中循环经济概念多次出现，与线性经济对比。）3.Thepassagesuggeststhatsustainableagriculturecanhelpreduce_______pollutioninwaterways.（参考答案：chemical）（解析：单元讨论有机农业减少化肥污染。）4.Tolowertheir_______footprint,peoplecanadopthabitslikeusingpublictransportandreducingmeatconsumption.（参考答案：carbon）（解析：单元多次提及碳足迹计算方法。）5.Theunitmentionsthat"greenjobs"ofteninvolveworkin_______orenergyconservation.（参考答案：renewableenergy）（解析：单元列举绿色就业的具体领域。）6.Sustainablecitiesshouldincludemore_______toimproveairqualityandbiodiversity.（参考答案：greenspaces）（解析：单元强调城市绿化的重要性。）7.Thereadingpassagenotesthatonechallengeofsustainabilityisthehigh_______ofadoptingnewtechnologies.（参考答案：cost）（解析：单元分析可持续发展的经济障碍。）8.Theconceptof"________"encouragesconsumerstothinkabouttheenvironmentalimpactoftheirpurchases.（参考答案：consciousconsumption）（解析：单元提倡负责任的消费行为。）9.Theunitdiscusseshowrenewableenergysourceslike_______canreplacefossilfuels.（参考答案：solarorwind）（解析：单元对比太阳能和风能的优势。）10.Thepassageconcludesthatindividualactions,suchas_______andrecycling,cancollectivelymakeadifference.（参考答案：reducingwaste）（解析：单元强调个人在可持续发展中的责任。）三、判断题（总共10题，每题2分，共20分）1.Sustainabledevelopmentonlyfocusesoneconomicgrowthwithoutconsideringenvironmentalissues.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元明确可持续发展需平衡经济、社会和环境。）2.Thecirculareconomymodelissimilartothetraditionallineareconomyinthatbothgeneratelargeamountsofwaste.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元对比两种模式，循环经济旨在减少浪费。）3.Accordingtotheunit,allformsofenergyareeitherrenewableornon-renewable,withnomiddleground.（参考答案：True）（解析：单元区分两种能源类型，无模糊地带。）4.Greenjobsaretemporarypositionsthatdisappearoncesustainabilitygoalsaremet.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元强调绿色就业的长期性和行业需求。）5.Thepassagesuggeststhatsustainablecitiesshouldprioritizeindustrialdevelopmentoverenvironmentalprotection.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元主张生态优先，工业为辅。）6.Reducingmeatconsumptionismentionedasawaytolowerone'scarbonfootprint.（参考答案：True）（解析：单元指出畜牧业排放高，减少肉类有益。）7.Theunitimpliesthattechnologyalonecansolveallenvironmentalproblemswithoutlifestylechanges.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元强调技术需结合行为改变。）8.Sustainableagricultureinvolvesusingsyntheticfertilizerstoincreasecropyieldsquickly.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元提倡有机农业，反对化肥依赖。）9.Thepassagestatesthatsustainabledevelopmentisunnecessaryfordevelopingcountries.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元主张所有国家均需可持续发展。）10.Theunitconcludesthatindividualeffortstowardsustainabilityareineffectivebecausetheyhavelittleimpact.（参考答案：False）（解析：单元强调个人行动的集体力量。）四、简答题（总共4题，每题4分，共16分）1.Explainthedifferencebetweensustainabledevelopmentandeconomicgrowth.（参考答案：可持续发展强调经济、社会和环境的平衡，而经济增长仅关注GDP提升。可持续发展考虑长期影响，如资源保护和社会公平，而经济增长可能忽视环境代价。）（解析：需对比两个概念的核心差异，结合单元中平衡、代际公平等关键词。）2.Describetwochallengesmentionedintheunitforimplementingsustainablepractices.（参考答案：①公众认知不足，许多人不了解可持续的重要性；②技术成本高，企业投资绿色技术需承担风险。）（解析：需列举单元中明确讨论的障碍，如政策、经济、社会因素。）3.Howcanindividualscontributetosustainabilityintheirdailylives?（参考答案：减少一次性用品、节约能源、选择公共交通、支持本地和有机产品、参与垃圾分类。）（解析：需结合单元中个人行动的具体建议，如消费习惯、生活方式。）4.Whatdoestheunitsuggestabouttherelationshipbetweencitiesandsustainability?（参考答案：城市应增加绿色空间、推广清洁能源、优化交通系统，以减少污染和提高居民生活质量。）（解析：需概括单元中关于城市可持续发展的政策建议。）五、应用题（总共4题，每题6分，共24分）1.Alocalgovernmentwantstomaketheircitymoresustainable.BasedonUnit7,suggestthreespecificactionstheycouldtakeandexplainwhyeachwouldbeeffective.（参考答案：①建设更多公园和绿地，以改善空气质量并增加生物多样性；②推广太阳能路灯，减少化石燃料依赖；③实施垃圾分类回收计划，提高资源利用率。）（解析：需结合单元中城市可持续发展的案例，如绿色建筑、能源转型、废物管理。）2.Imagineyouareastudent.Writeashortparagraph(50-60words)explaininghowyouwouldreduceyourpersonalcarbonfootprintthisweek.（参考答案：我会减少开车次数，多骑自行车或步行；关闭电器待机电源；减少肉类消费，多吃蔬菜；自带购物袋，避免塑料包装。）（解析：需体现单元中个人行动的实践性，如出行、能源、饮食、消费。）3.Theunitmentions"greenjobs"inthecontextofrenewableenergy.Researchaspecificgreenjob(e.g.,solarpanelinstaller)anddescribeitsroleinsustainability.（参考答案：太阳能安装工负责安装和维护太阳能设备，减少对化石燃料的依赖，助力能源转型。）（解析：需结合单元中绿色就业的介绍，如职业描述、行业贡献。）4.Readthefollowingscenario:Afarmerisdecidingwhethertoswitchtoorganicfarming.UsinginformationfromUnit7,listthreebenefitsofthischangeandthreepotentialchallenges.（参考答案：①减少化学污染；②提高农产品质量；③可能降低短期产量。挑战：①初期投入高；②病虫害防治难度大；③市场竞争力可能不足。）（解析：需结合单元中可持续农业的优缺点，如环境、经济、技术因素。）六、案例分析（总共3题，每题6分，共18分）1.CaseStudy:Acompanyproduceselectronicsandgeneratesalargeamountofe-waste.Theunitdiscussessustainablebusinesspractices.Howcouldthiscompanyadoptsuchpractices?（参考答案：①设计更耐用的产品以延长使用寿命；②建立回收计划，将旧设备再利用；③使用环保材料减少污染。）（解析：需结合单元中企业可持续发展的策略，如产品生命周期、资源循环。）2.Acityisplanninganewdevelopmentproject.Theunitemphasizessustainableurbanplanning.Whatshouldbeincludedintheplantoensuresustainability?（参考答案：绿色建筑标准、公共交通网络、雨水收集系统、社区花园、减少硬化地面。）（解析：需结合单元中城市可持续发展的要素，如建筑、交通、生态。）3.Aschoolwantstoreduceitsenvironmentalimpact.BasedonUnit7,proposeasustainabilitycampaignandexplainitsgoals.（参考答案：主题“零浪费校园”，目标：减少一次性用品使用、推广垃圾分类、开展节能宣传。通过活动提高师生环保意识。）（解析：需结合单元中教育领域的可持续发展实践，如行为改变、意识提升。）七、论述题（总共2题，每题11分，共22分）1.Discusstheimportanceofsustainabledevelopmentinthecontextofglobalchallengeslikeclimatechangeandresourcedepletion.（参考答案：可持续发展是应对气候变化的解决方案，通过减少碳排放和资源浪费缓解危机。它平衡当代需求与未来生存，促进社会公平。单元中提到循环经济、绿色能源等具体措施。）（解析：需结合单元主题，从环境、经济、社会角度论证可持续发展的重要性。）2.Analyzetheroleofindividualactionsinachievingsustainability,usingexamplesfromUnit7.（参考答案：个人行动虽微小，但通过集体效应可产生巨